The Aircraft Industries aircraft plant, owned by the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company, located in Kunovice, Czech Republic, will supply 20 L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft to China over the next 5 years.
The contract amount was $126,000,000. The purchasing company CASC is the official importer of foreign aircraft to the Chinese market. At the end of the summer of 2015, at the Moscow Aerospace Salon, a cooperation agreement was concluded between Aircraft Industries and China General Aviation Supplies Company (a subsidiary of CASC) to organize the promotion of the L-410 in the Chinese market, including obtaining a flight certificate.
The recipient of the aircraft is Xinjiang General Purpose Airlines, part of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. The L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft, in terms of its characteristics and ability to operate in difficult climatic conditions, fully meets the needs of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.
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The successful operating experience of the L-410 in Siberia and the Russian Far East is sufficient confirmation of this fact. Delivery of the first 5 aircraft is planned for this year.
Let L 410 “Turbolet” - a universal twin-engine aircraft for regional airlines. An aircraft with reduced takeoff and landing capabilities (SVP - “Short Takeoff and Landing”) was developed by the Let design bureau of the plant. Intended for use on grass, dirt, snow unprepared sites, as well as at airports with short runways. It is still produced at the Czech Let plant. Other names: Turbolet, Let, L410, Let L410, colloquial - Elka, Cheburashka.
History of production and creation
Design of the aircraft began in 1966. For the first time, an experimental aircraft equipped with a Pratt&Whitney RT6A27 engine (2x715 hp) underwent flight tests in 1969. The Czechoslovakian airline Slov Air (Bratislava) was the first to open operation at the end of 1971, which served local airlines - by the beginning of 1974 it acquired 12 aircraft. A total of 31 aircraft were built. 5 aircraft (number 72010306 and number 720201) L410A with RT6A27 engines, built under the name L410AS by 1972, were transferred to the USSR in 1973. The planes received Soviet registration numbers USSR67251 - USSR67255. Soviet aviators immediately named the cute plane “Cheburashka”.
In 1973, flight tests of the L410M aircraft, equipped with Czech Walter M601A engines, began. The L410M became the second production variation of the Turbolet. In total, by the end of 1978, one hundred L410M/MU aircraft were received for the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation.
In 1979, production of an improved modification L410UVP began, which became the main production model. This aircraft was distinguished by a longer fuselage, larger dimensions of the vertical tail and wing, the use of spoilers and a Walter M601B theater engine (2x730 hp). This aircraft passed the certification program in the USSR and was taken into operation by Aeroflot. A further development was the L410UVPE version with more powerful TVDM601E.
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The first flight of such an aircraft took place in December 1984. It has improved takeoff and landing characteristics and reduced noise levels in the cabin. In 1986 it was certified in the USSR. A modification of the L420 has been developed with powerful TVDM601 °F (2x778 hp), a higher take-off weight (6.8 tons) and improved flight properties (flight tests of the aircraft started in 1993). The aerodynamic design is a turboprop 2-engine high-wing aircraft with a single-fin tail.
Used in military and civilian flight schools to train future pilots of military transport and long-range aviation.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and Comecon in the 90s, the demand for L410 aircraft fell, and the rate of their production decreased more than tenfold (from 50 aircraft per year to 5). The situation has improved significantly since 2008, when 51 percent of the shares of Let Kunovice (Aircraft Industries) were bought by Ural businessmen. The production rate in 2010-2012 was 8-10 aircraft per year. They plan to increase the annual production rate to 18 aircraft.
In 2013, the L410 UVPE20 modification was produced, equipped with analog or digital avionics (to choose from), TCAS system, and autopilot. L410 UVPE20 has an ARMAK type certificate.
OJSC Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company acquired 49 percent of the shares of LetKunovice (Aircraft Industries) in September 2013. UMMC thus became the sole owner of Aircraft Indistries, bringing its shareholding to 100%.
Specifications of L410 UVP-E20:
Length.....14.487 m
Height.....5.83 m
Wingspan.....19.478 m
Wing area.....34.86 m²
Flight range.....1,500 km
Maximum speed.....395 km/h
Ceiling.....8 000 m
Number of passenger seats.....19 seats
Crew.....2 people
Motor type.....2×TVD GEH80200
Takeoff power.....2×800 hp
Propeller type.....2×AVIA AV725
Number of blades on the propeller.....5 pcs
Propeller diameter.....2.3 m
Empty weight of the aircraft.....4 050 kg
Maximum take-off weight.....6 600 kg
L-410 UVP-E20 is a universal twin-engine aircraft of Czech production for local airlines, accommodating 19 passengers. Designed for operation on unprepared dirt, grass, snow areas, as well as on airfields with short runways (about 600-700 meters), which, in fact, makes it an “off-road” aircraft.
The first flight of the L-410 was made on April 16, 1969. The main customer of the aircraft was the Soviet Union. In addition, the L-410 was also supplied to Bulgaria, Brazil, Hungary, East Germany, Libya, and Poland. Despite the fact that the plant is located in the Czech Republic, it considers itself part of the Russian aircraft industry: the foundations for this were laid during its development and during its long history of operation. As of 2012, more than 400 L-410 aircraft are in operation around the world.
Production site of Aircraft Industries in Kunovice, Czech Republic. The Aircraft Industries plant, better known under the Let Kunovice brand, is located 300 km from Prague. The plant employs 920 people.
The company produces aircraft through a full production cycle - it has its own lines for surface treatment of materials, paint and varnish production, a machine shop, assembly shops, a design bureau and an airport.
L-410 fuselage parts production workshop. The enterprise is expanding and modernizing production - light green equipment is intended for the production of a new generation of the L-410 NG (New Generation) aircraft.
The plant's production capacity is 16-18 new aircraft per year. About 80% of aircraft are supplied to Russia. Over the past four years, 35 aircraft have been delivered to Russia.
Production of parts on a CNC milling center from the French company Creneau:
Cleaning parts before molding:
Punching Press:
Manufacturing of the wing spar on a 5-axis CNC milling center. Russian-made duralumin is used in production. The total share of components from Russia in the L-410 aircraft is about 15% - this is a legacy of the fact that the aircraft was developed by order of the USSR and with the participation of Soviet designers.
Assembly of the front wing:
Checking the quality of riveting on an airplane wing:
One L-410 aircraft uses about 185,000 rivets of different types and sizes:
Riveting work in the middle part of the fuselage:
Installation of floor panels:
Production of the rear fuselage:
Production of air intake parts for the CASA CN-235 aircraft within the framework of industrial cooperation.
The plant also cooperates with Boeing for the Boeing 787 aircraft.
Aircraft Assembly Conveyor L-410 UVP-E20. Located in one of the newest buildings of the plant, originally designed for the production of L-610. In one half of the building there are two production lines for new L-410 aircraft, in the second half there is a service workshop for aircraft coming out of service:
There are about 10 aircraft in the assembly shop at the same time. The fuselage, wing, end tanks and tail unit come to the beginning of the line from the paint shop. At the end of the line are aircraft undergoing flight tests and preparing for delivery to customers. Over the entire history of its existence, the plant has produced over 1,150 aircraft of the L-410 family. More than 850 of them were delivered to operators in the USSR.
The process of finishing the aircraft luggage compartment in the nose after completing the installation of electrical equipment:
Emergency exit door assembly:
The nose of the aircraft with serial number 2915. The weather radar antenna is visible. Bow luggage compartment doors open:
Installation of avionics in the cockpit. Avionics traditionally include devices from Russian manufacturers:
Installation of electrical equipment in the aircraft cabin:
Installation of electrical wiring harnesses:
Five-blade AV-725 propellers (Avia Propeller) together with a GE H80-200 engine make up the new power plant for the L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft. It has been installed on all new aircraft since January 2013 and is certified by EASA and the Russian AR MAK.
Young people in production are not uncommon, also due to the presence of its own vocational technical school on the territory of the plant. The average age of the company's employees is 44 years:
Work on the GE H-80 engine, carried out by a company representative from Prague:
The final installation stage takes about 5 months - this is the most expensive part of production, as within its framework, engines, landing gear and all avionics are installed on the aircraft, where each individual unit can cost 100-250 thousand euros.
The total duration of the aircraft production cycle from the production of the first fuselage components to the end of flight testing takes just under a year.
Cockpit of the L-410 UVP-E20 aircraft. The aircraft is fully equipped for instrument flight and has an advanced Ground Proximity Warning System (GPWS) and TCAS II. The L 410 is designed in the metric system (rather than inches), which is an exception in Western aviation:
This type of aircraft has been used for many years as a graduation aircraft for training pilots at the Sasovo Flight School of Civil Aviation (Ryazan region).
Pre-flight preparation. Stanislav Sklenarzh - chief test pilot of the plant:
Under the wing of an airplane, a view of the river. Morava and the town of Uhersky Ostrog:
Aircraft L-410 UVP-E20 for French Guiana. Airplanes for exotic countries often have bright, memorable colors:
Leaving with a turn. Practical ceiling - 8,000 meters:
Approach to the runway. The L-410 aircraft can land both on a paved runway and on grass, soil and snow. UVP in the name of the aircraft means the Russian abbreviation “Shortened Takeoff and Landing,” which also recalls the Russian roots of the aircraft:
Castle Novy Svetlov (1480), Bojkowice:
The medieval Gothic castle Buchlov (13th century) is located 10 km from Kunowice. Buchlov Castle is one of the most beautiful castles in South Moravia - the south-eastern region of the Czech Republic:
Velehrad Monastery (XIII century) is one of the main pilgrimage churches in the Czech Republic. In 863 - 866 Christian saints Cyril and Methodius lived and preached in the city of Velegrad:
A prototype of the L-610M aircraft in Staroe Mesto, installed for viewing at the entrance to the city:
TASS DOSSIER. On November 15, 2017, the passenger plane Let L-410UVP-E20 Turbolet of Khabarovsk Airlines, flying along the route Khabarovsk - Nikolaevsk-on-Amur - the village of Nelkan (Ayano-Maisky district of the Khabarovsk Territory), made a hard landing 2 km from its destination. Six people were killed, including two crew members. One child was saved.
The editors of TASS-DOSSIER have compiled a chronology of crashes of L-410 aircraft in Russia. In total, from the end of 1991 to the present day. V. There were five crashes of aircraft of this type on the territory of the Russian Federation (excluding the emergency on November 15, 2017). A total of 41 people died in them.
April 4, 1992 aircraft L-410UVP (registration number RA-67130) of Kamchatavia Airlines, flying from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Baykovo (Sakhalin region), crashed near the destination airport. There were 12 people on board - two pilots and 10 passengers. The crew violated the approach pattern, the plane collided with the ground 5 km from the runway. A detached propeller severed the fuselage behind the cockpit, killing one of the passengers and injuring two others. The power elements of the aircraft were significantly damaged.
August 26, 1993 in Yakutia, the aircraft L-410UVP-E (registration number RA-67656) of Sakha-Avia airlines, flying along the route Kutana - Chagda - Aldan, crashed while landing at the last point of the route. There were 24 people on board - two pilots and 22 passengers, all of whom died. The commission that investigated the crash found that the aircraft was heavily overloaded. Its landing weight exceeded the maximum allowable by 550 kg, this changed the balance of the aircraft when the crew began to lower the flaps, causing the aircraft to stall and collide with the ground. The pilots who decided to carry out the flight despite significant excess takeoff and landing masses, as well as with the aircraft’s rear alignment being too high, were found guilty of the emergency.
January 20, 1995 aircraft L-410UVP (registration number RA-67120) of the Abakan airline, flying flight 107 on the route Krasnoyarsk - Abakan, crashed during takeoff at Krasnoyarsk Yelizovo airport. The plane was unable to gain altitude, collided with trees and crashed 930 m from the runway. There were 19 people on board - two pilots and 17 passengers. Both crew members and one passenger were killed, 13 people were injured. The cause of the accident was the overload of the aircraft, the failure of the right engine and the erroneous actions of the crew during takeoff with one engine running. The maximum permissible take-off weight of the aircraft was exceeded by 278 kg due to the fact that Yemelyanovo airport staff and crew accommodated four passengers with luggage in the cabin who did not have tickets for the flight.
March 1, 2003 a private aircraft L-410UVP (registration numbers RA-67418, FLA RF-01032), performing flights to parachute athletes, crashed near the Borki sports airfield in the Kimry district of the Tver region. There were two crew members and 23 parachutists on board (despite the fact that the maximum allowable number of parachutists in this cabin configuration is 12). The permissible take-off weight was exceeded by 618 kg. When during the flight the parachutists headed for the exit at the rear of the aircraft, the alignment was disrupted, the aircraft went into stall mode and, due to undesigned overloads, fell apart in the air. 11 people died - both crew members and nine athletes. 14 people were able to leave the plane and land on their own using parachutes, while four suffered fractures.
July 22, 2012 aircraft L-410UVP (registration number RF-00138) DOSAAF Russia crashed at the Bolshoye Gryzlovo sports airfield (Serpukhov district, Moscow region). The aircraft was landing on a dirt runway after a group of paratroopers had landed. The aircraft's front and left landing gear broke, resulting in significant damage to the cockpit and lower fuselage. There were only two crew members on board, both were hospitalized in serious condition. The aircraft commander died from his injuries on July 24, 2012, the co-pilot died in the hospital a month and a half later, on September 6, 2012.
Let's L-410
Let L-410 Turbolet is a multi-role twin-engine turboprop aircraft for local airlines. Developed in the 1960s. in the design bureau of the Let Kunovice plant (Kunovice, Czechoslovakia, now the Czech Republic). It made its first flight on April 16, 1969, is now produced by the Czech company Aircraft Industries (owner - the Russian Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company), in total more than 1.1 thousand copies of various modifications were built, of which 862 were delivered to the USSR. The most modern modification, L-410UVP-E20, is capable of transporting up to 19 passengers or 1 thousand 800 kg of cargo over a distance of up to 1 thousand 500 km. In 2016, Aircraft Industries sold nine L-410 units in the Russian Federation, and 11 more units were planned for delivery in 2017. The option of deploying serial production of the aircraft at the Ural Civil Aviation Plant (Ekaterinburg) is being explored.
In total, at least 117 such vehicles were lost during operation, and more than 420 people died in 106 accidents.
"Khabarovsk Airlines"
"Khabarovsk Airlines" is a regional state unitary enterprise engaged in transportation in the Khabarovsk Territory. Operates the following aircraft: An-24 (2 aircraft), one Yak-40 and An-26 each, as well as four L-410UVP-E20 2013-2015. release (registration numbers - RA-67035, RA-67036, RA-67040, RA-67047). For the airline, the disaster on November 15 was the first in its history.
The first L-410 aircraft was created in the 60s of the last century by Czechoslovak manufacturers commissioned by the USSR. It was the Soviet Union that was the main customer of this type of air transport, however, companies from other countries were also interested in this model:
- Poland and Lithuania;
- Bulgaria and Hungary;
- Brazil.
After all, the advantages of the aircraft could be appreciated even with the naked eye:
- Lightweight and maneuverable.
- Ability to land on normal ground.
- Sufficient load capacity and comfort.
These are the characteristics that the new airliner had. Photos of the interior of the L-410 aircraft can be viewed on our Internet resource.
Airplane L-410
The first model of the L-410 aircraft, as previously noted, was created in the late 60s. The main purpose of the new air transport is to carry out short flights. The cabin capacity had to be such that it could accommodate up to 20 people, and the plane had to serve airlines with a length of up to 650 km.
The Czechoslovakian manufacturer successfully completed the task assigned to it; the new model of the aircraft turned out to be not only reliable and unpretentious, but also multi-purpose, which, in fact, was what the customer required.
Having received a new type of air transport at their disposal, the airliner began to be used for:
- passenger and freight transportation;
- for transportation of correspondence;
- for transporting patients;
- for carrying out various scientific research.
The new model of air transport was valued not only for its maneuverability, but also for its ability to take off and land in places where there was no runway, which was extremely important when transporting patients or conducting scientific research.
The first model, called L-410, took to the skies in the late 60s, however, as the manufacturers noticed, the air transport engine was of insufficient power. Therefore, it was decided to make several changes to the production process, in particular they affected the engine. Thus, by the mid-70s, modernized L-410s with a more powerful engine were put into production, 5 of which were transferred to the Soviet Union.
The main customer was satisfied with his order and continued cooperation with the manufacturer, and the first air transport was purchased by the most famous company at that time, Aeroflot. You can see photos of the Let L-410 aircraft on the website. By the early 80s, the Soviet Union had acquired more than 100 models of L-410 aircraft, and had no intention of stopping cooperation.
The interior of the L-410 aircraft
Variety of L-410 aircraft models
The Czechoslovakian manufacturer did not stop on its achievements, constantly creating more and more advanced aircraft models. Production of the following models was launched:
- L 410 UVP;
- L 410 A;
- L 410 AS;
- L 410 M.
The L 410 UVP model was also developed at the request of a Soviet customer; the aircraft differed from its analogues in its increased wing length and fuselage, as well as its vertical tail structure. This modernization allowed the airliner to take off and land at an even shorter distance, which was the main requirement of the customer.
The demand for air transport from the Czechoslovak manufacturer, of course, subsided after the collapse of the USSR, but the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company, which 8 years ago bought out more than 50% of the shares from the first manufacturer, helped save the situation. Currently, the partners are planning to increase the production of aircraft, improve the production process, and purchase new modern equipment.
Characteristics of air transport
Technical characteristics of the L-410 aircraft:
- up to 14.42 m – length of air transport;
- up to 20 m – aircraft wingspan;
- 35 m 2 – occupies the wing area;
- 5.83 m – aircraft height;
- 4 tons – weight of empty transport;
- up to 6.6 tons – maximum weight allowed during takeoff;
- 750 hp on 2 – engine power;
- 335 km/h – maximum speed;
- up to 1500 km is the flight range of air transport.
The capacity of the fuel tanks is 1680 liters, the maximum fuel supply is 1300 kg. If the plane is maximally loaded, it will be able to cover a distance of 1000 km, and for the maximum takeoff it will need only 850 meters.
There are two seats for the crew, there are 19 passenger seats in the cabin, the width is 1.9 meters. A photo of the L-410 aircraft will help you get a more detailed look at the interior of the aircraft.
Airplane L-410 in the sky
What else do you need to know?
To summarize, we can say that the L-410 airliner is a reliable, unpretentious and maneuverable type of air vehicle, which has a reduced distance for both takeoff and landing. It is convenient to operate vehicles in conditions where it is difficult to take off and land vehicles. Thanks to the sufficient safety margin that was invested by the manufacturers, the aircraft can easily land and take off from unprepared and even unpaved sites. The spacious cabin, equipped with large windows, has good sound insulation, the seats for passengers are located in the 1+2.
This model is capable of covering about 1,300 km while carrying 19 passengers., and high-quality landing gear, manufactured using a special method, allows the aircraft to land even on wet grassy ground. The airliner performed well when operating in harsh climatic conditions; the excellent traction characteristics of the engine allow the aircraft to be used both at high temperatures and at very low atmospheric pressure.
Excellent safety parameters allow you to safely transport passengers and deliver cargo intact and without damage. Throughout the history of its existence, the airliner has been constantly modernized by the manufacturer, and currently production of aircraft continues.
By joint efforts, manufacturers plan to create more advanced models in the coming years, the engines of which will have increased power, the luggage compartment area will increase, and the cockpit will be equipped with the latest equipment, including avionics.
In contact with
Let L-410 Turbolet is a Czech (Czechoslovakian) passenger and transport aircraft designed for regional transport. It can carry up to 19 passengers or 1.7 tons of cargo. Among the advantages of the model are its reliable design, safety, heat resistance (-50... +50 °C), and the ability to land on a short unpaved runway. The first prototype flew on April 16, 1969, and more than 1,200 units have been produced since production began in 1971. The main buyers of these machines are Russia and the CIS countries. They are also used in Asia, Africa, Europe and South America.
Historical reference
The development of the L-410 aircraft began in the mid-1960s by the Czechoslovak aircraft manufacturer Let Kunovice based on drawings from the Taganrog Beriev Design Bureau. The Soviet airline Aeroflot was looking for a replacement for its aging Antonov An-2 turboprop models. New aircraft were supposed to communicate with regional settlements located in various climatic zones - from the tundra to the subtropics. The most important conditions were compactness (capacity up to 20 passengers), high efficiency, short acceleration runway, and the ability to land on unpaved runways. The turboprop design was perfect for these purposes.
Production was entrusted to the Let company as a member of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance of the socialist bloc. The XL-410 prototype carried out a test flight on April 16, 1969, under the control of factory pilots Vladimir Vlk and Frantisek Svinka. The first copies were equipped with Pratt Whitney Canada PT6-A27 engines and Hamilton Standard three-bladed propellers.
When development of the Czechoslovakian-built Walter M601 engines was completed, the PT6 powerplants were replaced by the M601A (later M601B) and the aircraft received the Avia V508 three-blade propeller. A sample with new equipment was prepared in 1973, and made its first flight in 1974. The model was labeled L-410M. In 1975, deliveries to the USSR began.
Description
Turbolet belongs to the class of unpressurized all-metal aircraft, for this reason the flight altitude is limited to 4200 km above sea level. The aircraft is capable of flying above 6,000 km, but in this case the use of oxygen masks is required.
Two 3/5 blade turboprop engines are highly efficient and provide sufficient thrust for short-haul takeoffs. However, we had to sacrifice speed - 300-335 km/h in the old versions and 417 km/h in the new NG modification. However, for regional flights this is not critical.
The passenger compartment is compact, 5-7 rows. There are 2 chairs to the right of the aisle, and one to the left. The seats are quite comfortable. At the rear there is a toilet with a washbasin and a mini-wardrobe. There are VIP versions with a sofa (sleeper), soft armchairs, coffee table, TV, kitchen-bar and refrigerator.
Flight safety is ensured by a double hydraulic circuit (main and emergency) and an automatic descent system (availability depends on the modification) in the event of a breakdown of one of the engines. The main electrical system operates at 28 VDC. Anti-icing is provided by front pneumatic deicers, as well as electrically heated propellers, cockpit windshields and air pressure receivers.
Specifications
The parameters of L-410 aircraft of various modifications are presented in the table.
Since 2014, a special version of the Let-410 E20 with skis on the chassis has been developed. In April 2017, this modification was successfully tested at a Russian polar station 100 kilometers from the North Pole, deployed on drifting ice.
This is a modification with a shortened takeoff and landing length, the takeoff length is only 456 m. It differs from the classic version:
- expanded fuselage;
- improved braking system;
- increased wing area;
- capacity reduced to 15 seats;
- fixed stabilizer (vertical tail).
The wings are equipped with spoilers and an automatic emergency control system (ABC). They help control the rate of descent (lift) and are triggered if one of the engines fails.
The first aircraft were equipped with M601B engines. Later, their own modification of the M601D power plants was developed for them. The model entered production in 1976.
Let UVP-E
The E series is the most common among UVP modifications. She has:
- increased maximum take-off weight;
- more powerful Walter M601E engines;
- five-blade propellers V510.
The most productive version is the L-410 UVP E20. It allows you to transport 1.8 tons of cargo or 19 passengers. Can be equipped with a pair of Walter M601E (2×750 hp) or GE H80-200 (2×800 hp) engines. External fuel tanks can be installed at the end of the wing. The first flight took place in 1984, serial production started a year later.
Let L-410 NG series
In March 2018, serial production of an improved version of the UVP E-20 began. She received the index L-410NG. The twin-engine turboprop transport/passenger aircraft manufactured by the Czech company Aircraft Industrie received an extended fuselage, which increased the volume of the luggage compartment.
The model is equipped with:
- a more powerful and quieter GE H85-200 powerplant with Avia-725 propellers;
- modern cockpit from Garmin;
- wings of a new design with built-in fuel tanks.
The new engine meets strict European noise and environmental standards. The carrying capacity was increased by 400 kg, the speed was increased to 417 km/h, and the flight range was a record 2,570 km for this model. The operating altitude remains the same - 4200 m, maximum ceiling - 6096 m. The aircraft can operate continuously for up to 10 hours.
Modifications
The Czech aircraft manufacturer Aircraft Industrie has created the following Turbolet modifications over the years:
- L-410A. Basic version with PT6A-27 engines and Hartzell HC-B3TN-3D propellers.
- L-410AS. Has an updated interior.
- L-410AB. Equipped with a four-stroke Hartzell HC-B4TN-3 propeller.
- L-410AG.
- L-410AF. Photogrammetric option. Delivered to Hungary in 1974.
- L-410FG. Photogrammetric option.
- L-410M prototype from 1974. Equipped with Walter M601A engines and Avia V-508 propellers.
- L-410MA. Equipped with Walter M601B engines and Avia V-508B propellers.
- L-410MU. Equipped with a device for automatically adjusting descent in the event of failure of one of the engines.
- UVP prototype. First tested on November 1, 1976.
- L-410 UVP-E. The first flight was carried out on August 15, 1989 by the crew of Frantisek Srnek and Miloslav Tosovsky.
- UVP-E9.
- UVP-E20, certified as L-420 in the USA.
- L-410T. Transport/sanitary modification.
- L-410LW with reduced weight.
- L-420XXL. Transport version with cargo compartment for 3 MD3 (FEDEX) containers or 2000 kg of cargo.
- L-410NG. Modified version of UVP-E20.
Production
The L-410 Turbolet model turned out to be extremely successful. So much so that it is still produced in various variations. Compact dimensions, short acceleration, flexible requirements for runways, the ability to transport both passengers and cargo, high efficiency, and low operating costs allowed the equipment to gain a foothold in the market of Eastern Europe and especially Russia for a long time.
The L-410 is produced by Aircraft Industries (formerly Let Kunovice) from the Czech city of Kunovice. Today the enterprise belongs to the Russian Group of Companies “Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company”. According to available data, about 1,200 units were sold from 1971 to 2016. There are currently about 350 aircraft of this brand in operation around the world, both in civil and military versions. Approximately 50 boards are used in Europe.
Several years ago, a project was launched to localize the production of Turbolet in Russia. On July 7, 2015, specialists from the Ural Civil Aviation Plant in Yekaterinburg assembled the first aircraft from Czech vehicle kits. In the future, it is planned to increase the share of spare parts, components and mechanisms manufactured by domestic manufacturers.
Operators
Turbolet is operated by air forces and civil airlines in more than two dozen countries in Europe, Central and South America, South Asia, and North and Central Africa. Among commercial air carriers, the following companies have the largest fleet of Let L-410 aircraft (according to data for 2006-2016):
- "Universal-Avia" - 13 units (Ukraine);
- Atlantic Airlines de Honduras - 10 (Honduras);
- SEARCA - 9 (Colombia);
- "Orenbuzhye" - 7 (Russia);
- Heli Air - 7 (Greece);
- "KrasAvia" - 6 (Russia);
- NHT Linhas Aéreas - 6 (Brazil);
- South East Asian Airlines - 6 (Philippines);
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatka Aviation Enterprise - 5 (Russia);
- Kin-Avia - 5 (DR Congo).
According to data for 2012-2016, military modifications are in service with the armies of Russia (27 copies), Libya (15), Slovakia (8), Czech Republic (6), Tunisia (3), Bulgaria (2), Honduras (2), Comoros (2), Estonia (2), Bangladesh (1), Djibouti (1), Latvia (1), Lithuania (1), Slovenia (1).
