The Pyramid of Cheops is a legacy of the ancient Egyptian civilization; all tourists who come to Egypt try to see it. It amazes the imagination with its grandiose size. The weight of the pyramid is about 4 million tons, its height is 139 meters, and its age is 4.5 thousand years. It still remains a mystery how people built the pyramids in those ancient times. It is not known for certain why these magnificent structures were erected.
Legends of the Cheops pyramid
Shrouded in mystery, ancient Egypt was once the most powerful country on Earth. Perhaps his people knew secrets that are not yet available to modern mankind. Looking at the huge stone blocks of the pyramid, which are laid with perfect precision, you begin to believe in miracles. 
According to one of the legends, the pyramid served as a grain storage during the great famine. These events are described in the Bible (Book of Exodus). Pharaoh had a prophetic dream, warning of a series of lean years. Joseph, the son of Jacob, sold into slavery by his brothers, was able to unravel the dream of Pharaoh. The ruler of Egypt instructed Joseph to organize the procurement of grain, appointing him as his first adviser. The storage facilities had to be huge, considering that many peoples fed from them for seven years, when there was a famine on Earth. A slight discrepancy in dates - about 1 thousand years, the adherents of this theory explain the inaccuracy of carbon analysis, thanks to which archaeologists determine the age of ancient buildings. 
According to another legend, the pyramid served for the transition of the material body of the pharaoh to the upper world of the Gods. An amazing fact is that inside the pyramid where the sarcophagus for the body stands, the mummy of the pharaoh was not found, which the robbers could not take. Why did the rulers of Egypt build such huge tombs for themselves? Was it really their goal was to build a beautiful mausoleum, testifying to the greatness and power? If the construction process took several decades and required a huge investment of labor, then the ultimate goal of erecting the pyramid was vital to the pharaoh. Some researchers believe that we know very little about the level of development of an ancient civilization, the mysteries of which have yet to be discovered. The Egyptians knew the secret of eternal life. It was acquired by the pharaohs after death, thanks to the technology that was hidden inside the pyramids. 
Some researchers believe that the Cheops pyramid was built by a great civilization even more ancient than the Egyptian one, about which we know nothing. And the Egyptians only restored the existing ancient buildings, and used them at their own discretion. They themselves did not know the plan of the forerunners who built the pyramids. The forerunners could be the giants of the Antediluvian civilization or the inhabitants of other planets who flew to Earth in search of a new homeland. The giant size of the blocks from which the pyramid is built is easier to imagine as a convenient building material for ten-meter giants than for ordinary people. 
I would like to mention one more interesting legend about the Cheops pyramid. They say that inside the monolithic structure there is a secret room, in which there is a portal that opens paths to other dimensions. Thanks to the portal, you can instantly find yourself at a selected point in time or on another inhabited planet of the Universe. It was carefully hidden by the builders for the benefit of the people, but will soon be found. The question remains whether modern scientists will understand ancient technologies to take advantage of the discovery. In the meantime, the research of archaeologists in the pyramid continues. 
In the era of antiquity, when the heyday of Greco-Roman civilization began, ancient philosophers compiled a description of the most outstanding architectural monuments on Earth. They were named "Seven Wonders of the World". They included the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Kolos of Rhodes and other majestic buildings built before our era. The pyramid of Cheops, as the most ancient, is in the first place in this list. This is the only wonder of the world that has survived to this day, all the rest were destroyed many centuries ago. 
According to the descriptions of ancient Greek historians, a large pyramid shone in the rays of the sun, casting a warm golden sheen. It was faced with meter-thick limestone slabs. The smooth white limestone, decorated with hieroglyphs and drawings, reflected the sands of the surrounding desert. Later, local residents dismantled the cladding for their homes, which they lost as a result of devastating fires. Perhaps the top of the pyramid was decorated with a special triangular block made of precious material. 
Around the pyramid of Cheops in the valley is a whole city of the dead. Dilapidated buildings of funeral temples, two other large pyramids and several smaller tombs. A huge statue of a sphinx with a chipped off nose, which was recently restored, is hewn from a monolithic block of gigantic dimensions. It is taken from the same quarry as the stones for the construction of tombs. Once upon a time, ten meters from the pyramid there was a wall three meters thick. Perhaps it was intended to guard the royal treasures, but could not stop the robbers. 
Construction history
Scientists still cannot come to a consensus on how the ancient people built the Cheops pyramid from huge boulders. According to the drawings found on the walls of others, it was assumed that workers cut each block in the rocks, and then dragged it to the construction site along a ramp made of cedar. History does not have a consensus about who was involved in the work - peasants for whom there was no other work during the flood of the Nile, pharaoh's slaves or hired workers. 
The difficulty lies in the fact that the blocks had not only to be delivered to the construction site, but also to be lifted to a great height. The Pyramid of Cheops before its construction was the tallest structure on Earth. Modern architects see the solution to this problem in different ways. According to the official version, primitive mechanical blocks were used for lifting. It is scary to imagine how many people died during construction by this method. When the ropes and straps that held the lump were torn, she could crush dozens of people with her weight. It was especially difficult to install the upper block of the building at a height of 140 meters above the ground. 
Some scientists speculate that ancient humans possessed technology to control the earth's gravity. Blocks weighing more than 2 tons, of which the Cheops pyramid was built, could be moved with this method with ease. The construction was carried out by hired workers who knew all the secrets of the craft, under the leadership of the nephew of Pharaoh Cheops. There was no human sacrifice, backbreaking work of slaves, only construction art, which reached the highest technologies that are inaccessible to our civilization. 
The pyramid has the same base on each side. Its length is 230 meters and 40 centimeters. Amazing precision for the ancient uneducated builders. The density of the stones is so high that it is impossible to insert a razor blade between them. The area of \u200b\u200bfive hectares is occupied by one monolithic structure, the blocks of which are connected with a special solution. There are several passages and chambers inside the pyramid. There are ventilation holes facing different directions of the world. The purpose of many interior spaces remains a mystery. The robbers took out everything of value long before the first archaeologists entered the tomb. 
Currently, the pyramid is included in the UNESCO list of cultural heritage. Her photo adorns many Egyptian tourist avenues. In the 19th century, the Egyptian authorities wanted to dismantle huge monolithic blocks of ancient structures for the construction of dams on the Nile River. But labor costs far exceeded the benefits of work, so the monuments of ancient architecture stand to this day, admiring the pilgrims of the Giza Valley.
The first wonder of the world of all time, one of the main structures of our planet, a place full of secrets and mysteries, a point of constant pilgrimage for tourists - the Egyptian pyramids and in particular the pyramid of Cheops.
The construction of the giant pyramids, of course, was far from easy. Huge efforts of a large number of people were made in order to deliver the stone blocks to the Giza or Saqqara plateau, and later to the Valley of the Kings, which became the new necropolis of the pharaohs.
At the moment, there are about a hundred pyramids found in Egypt, but the finds continue, and their number is constantly increasing. At different times, one of the 7 wonders of the world meant different pyramids. Someone meant all the pyramids of Egypt as a whole, someone the pyramids near Memphis, someone the three large pyramids of Giza, and most critics recognized only the largest pyramid of Cheops.
Afterlife of Ancient Egypt
One of the central moments in the life of the ancient Egyptians was religion, which shaped the entire culture as a whole. Particular attention was paid to the afterlife, perceived as a clear continuation of earthly life. That is why preparation for life after death began long before her, was posed as one of the main tasks of life.
According to the ancient Egyptian belief, a person had several souls. The soul of Ka played the role of the Egyptian's double, with whom he was to meet in the afterlife. Ba's soul connected with the person himself, and left his body after death.
Religious life of the Egyptians and the god Anubis
At first it was believed that only the pharaoh had the right to life after death, but he could grant this "immortality" to his entourage, who were usually buried next to the tomb of the ruler. Ordinary people were not destined to get into the world of the dead, the only exceptions were slaves and servants, whom the pharaoh "took" with him, and who were depicted on the walls of the great tomb.
But for a comfortable life after the death of the deceased, it was necessary to provide everything necessary: \u200b\u200bfood, household utensils, servants, slaves, and much more needed for the average pharaoh. They also tried to preserve the human body so that the Ba soul could later reconnect with him. Therefore, in matters of body preservation, embalming and the creation of complex pyramid tombs were born.
The first pyramid in Egypt. Djoser's pyramid
Speaking about the construction of the pyramids in Ancient Egypt in general, it is worth mentioning the beginning of their history. The very first pyramid in Egypt was built about five thousand years ago on the initiative of Pharaoh Djoser. It is in these 5 millennia that the age of the pyramids in Egypt is estimated. The construction of the pyramid of Djoser was led by the famous and legendary Imhotep, who was even deified in the later centuries.
Djoser's pyramid
The entire complex of the erected building occupied an area of \u200b\u200b545 by 278 meters. Along the perimeter, it was surrounded by a 10-meter wall with 14 gates, only one of which was real. In the center of the complex was the Djoser pyramid with sides 118 x 140 meters. The height of the Djoser pyramid is 60 meters. A burial chamber was located almost at a depth of 30 meters, to which corridors with many branches led. Utensils and sacrifices were kept in the branch rooms. Here archaeologists have found three bas-reliefs of Pharaoh Djoser himself. Near the eastern wall of the Djoser pyramid, 11 small burial chambers were discovered, intended for the royal family.
Unlike the famous great pyramids of Giza, the pyramid of Djoser had a stepped shape, as if intended for the ascent of the pharaoh to heaven. Of course, this pyramid is inferior in popularity and size to the Cheops pyramid, but still the contribution of the very first stone pyramid to the culture of Egypt is difficult to overestimate.
The Pyramid of Cheops. History and short description
But nevertheless, the most famous for the ordinary population of our planet are the adjacent three pyramids of Egypt - Khafre, Mekerin and the largest and highest pyramid in Egypt - Cheops (Khufu)
Pyramids of Giza
The pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops was built near the city of Giza, which is currently a suburb of Cairo. When the pyramid of Cheops was built, at the present time it is impossible to say for sure, and research gives a wide spread. In Egypt, for example, the date of the beginning of the construction of this pyramid is officially celebrated - August 23, 2480 BC.
Pyramid of Cheops and Sphinx
About 100,000 people were simultaneously involved in the construction of the wonder of the world, the Cheops pyramid. During the first ten years of work, a road was built, along which huge stone blocks were delivered to the river and the underground structures of the pyramid. Work on the construction of the monument itself continued for about 20 more years.
The dimensions of the Cheops pyramid at Giza are striking. The height of the Cheops pyramid initially reached 147 meters. Over time, due to being covered with sand and the loss of cladding, it decreased to 137 meters. But even this figure allowed it to remain the tallest human structure in the world for a long time. The pyramid has a square base with a side of 147 meters. The construction of this giant is estimated to require 2,300,000 limestone blocks weighing an average of 2.5 tons.
How were the pyramids built in Egypt?
The technology of building pyramids is controversial in our time. Versions range from the invention of concrete in Ancient Egypt to the construction of pyramids by aliens. But it is still believed that the pyramids were built by man exclusively by his own strength. So for the extraction of stone blocks, first a shape was outlined in the rock, grooves were hollowed out and a dry tree was inserted into them. Later, the tree was doused with water, it expanded, a crack formed in the rock, and the block was separated. Then it was processed to the desired shape with tools and sent down the river to a construction site.
The Egyptian pyramids are one of the largest landmarks in the world. They, according to scientists-archaeologists, represent the tombs of the pharaohs, members of their families and court nobles. This version is generally accepted and its confirmation is the finding of mummies inside. But is it? What secrets do these structures keep? Who built them and how? What for? What's inside? You can find answers to questions in this article.
Pyramids in Egypt: why were they erected?
During the period of the Old Kingdom (c. 2707 - 2150 BC, III-VI dynasty), structures began to be created for burials, symbolizing the sacred mountain - the desire of mankind to reach heaven.
The pink pyramid in Dahshur. CC BY-SA 3.0, Link Scientists suggest that the belief of the Egyptians in the ascension of the spirit to the gods is fundamental the purpose of their construction... In their opinion, even today, these structures embody a person's dream to reach the Higher Consciousness. There are other opinions on this, which are given below. Some occult researchers of the secrets of the Egyptian pyramids slept in the inner chambers. They wrote books about their mystical experiences. Several theories are trying to explain the technology of their construction, but no one knows exactly how and why these famous architectural monuments were built. There are only versions and assumptions. One of the greatest mysteries: how did humans move such massive stone blocks using primitive tools? The Egyptians left behind thousands of illustrations depicting daily life in the Old Kingdom. Curiously, none of them show their construction. But maybe these images are simply not in the eyes of a modern person? Perhaps, looking at the drawings, we are not able to see their method of creating grandiose structures, since he dramatically different from modern views? Here's what information can be found on the Internet. But there is an architect who created a project according to which you can build the Cheops pyramid today. Read about it in the article Construction of the Cheops pyramid on the Architecture channel. Director Florence Tran's film "The Solution to the Mystery of the Pyramid of Cheops" presents this interesting version of Jean Pierre Gooden (Houdin, Jean-Pierre). His father, a retired civil engineer, came up with the idea of \u200b\u200bbuilding with an internal ramp. The evidence presented is convincing enough. See a detailed study by a Frenchman. Maybe he has solved the mystery of the construction of the Egyptian pyramids? The earliest known pyramidal structures are found at Saqqara, northwest of Memphis. The oldest of these is the Pyramid of Djoser, built around 2630-2611. BC. during the third dynasty, the first adviser to the king, architect and builder, high priest of Ra in Heliopolis, poet and thinker Imhotep. He is considered the founder of such an architectural form, proposing to build three more smaller ones above the main one. His tomb has not been determined to this day. Therefore, there is no mummy of Imhotep either. In your opinion, did you manage to solve the mystery of the Cheops pyramid? Write your thoughts in the comments.
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The Pyramid of Cheops in Egypt is one of the oldest and well-preserved architectural monuments. It is one of the Seven Wonders of the World and is the center of attraction for tourists from all over the world. For many millennia, the Cheops pyramid remained the tallest structure on the planet.
History and secrets of the construction of the pyramid
They began to build the pyramid during the life of Pharaoh Cheops (Khufu), for whom it was supposed to serve as a tomb. The exact date of foundation is unknown, although all possible research methods were used to establish it. Their results vary. Scientists call 2720 BC. e, 2577 BC e. and 2708 BC. e. Moreover, in Egypt itself, the official date of the founding of the pyramid is considered August 23, 2560 BC eh.
Another problem in establishing the age of the Cheops pyramid is that there is no mention of it in the ancient papyri. For the first time in the 5th century BC. e. the structure is described by Herodotus.
As for the construction technology, everything is also ambiguous here. Some scientists seriously suggest that the tomb of Cheops was built by aliens. Its scale, accuracy of mathematical calculations and quality of construction are so amazing.
Interesting fact! It could take 20-40 years to build one of the Seven Wonders of the World.
For the construction of the Cheops pyramid, a place with a stable and dense soil was chosen. The main material is limestone, chunks of which were cut out of the rock, and then hewn. The weight of one block was 2.5 tons, and some specimens were several tens of tons. The methods of their transportation and lifting are still a mystery.
Description of the structure
Visually, the Cheops pyramid looks like a stepped mountain. Its base covers an area of \u200b\u200b53,000 square meters. m. Previously, the surface was covered with durable, shining tiles in the sun, however, they are now completely absent. Some in 1168 were removed by the Arabs who plundered the city, and some by the Egyptians themselves for the construction of dwellings.
The original height of the Cheops pyramid was 149 m. Over its centuries-old history, it collapsed somewhat and subsided, so now the attraction of Egypt is 11 meters lower. To understand the scale of construction, it is worth knowing that this is the height of a 50-storey building.
The blocks in the pyramid are stacked in layers. The height of each layer is different and fluctuates in the range of 60-150 cm. This may indicate that during the construction process there were periods of surplus and shortage of labor.
It is noticeable to the naked eye that concave pyramid faces... Now none of the scientists is ready to answer for sure whether this is the result of the structure's subsidence or so it was originally conceived.
The entrance to the tomb of Cheops is located on its northern side at a height of almost 16 meters. It is formed by stones laid in a certain way.
Interesting fact! The true entrance to the Cheops pyramid has not survived; it is covered with a granite plug. The entrance now used by tourists and explorers is a breach made by one of the Baghdad caliphs. In the building, he wanted to find the treasures of the pharaoh.
Internal structure of the pyramid
Inside the pyramid of Cheops are burial chambersconnected by descending and ascending corridors. The main premises of the building:
- the burial chamber of the pharaoh;
- unfinished chamber number 5;
- "The Queen's Chamber";
- Large gallery.
From the entrance to the burial chambers, there is a descending corridor, the length of which is 105 m. In the first third, it has a fork: one corridor continues to go down and leads to the unfinished chamber number 5, the second leads up to the tombs of the pharaoh and his wife.
To get into the burial chamber of the pharaoh, you need to go through the ascending Great Gallery - a tunnel 2 m wide and 8.74 m high. At the bottom of the walls in the gallery there are paired ledges, the purpose of which is unknown. These can be containers for a lifting, locking or other massive mechanism.
The burial chamber of the pharaoh is spacious enough. Its floor is located at a height of 43 m from the base of the structure. It is difficult to establish the exact height of the ceilings, since the surface of the floor and walls is highly deformed. Finely polished granite was used for finishing the chamber. In the room there is a granite sarcophagus of Cheops, on which there are no inscriptions and decor, there is no cover.
"Queen's Chamber" should not be in the tomb of the pharaoh, since the wives of the rulers were buried separately. However, the stepped niche in the room suggests that this is a female burial. The chamber has a rectangular shape and a gable roof resting on walls about 4.5 m high.
Interesting fact! The Cheops pyramid inside is extremely laconic. You will not find wall inscriptions, rich decorations, decor there. It is assumed that if something valuable was kept in the tomb, it was taken out long before the first researchers came there.
Interesting facts about the Cheops pyramid
In the history of the existence of the Cheops pyramid, there are many interesting facts and scientific theories, mysterious rumors and legends. Not a single excursion is complete without acquaintance with them.
Here is some of them:
- The approximate weight of the structure is 6.5 million tons.
- The construction took 2.25 million limestone blocks.
- Inside the pyramid, the temperature does not rise above +20 ℃, even if it is +50 ℃ outside.
- There is an assumption that the tomb of Cheops served as an observatory for the ancient Egyptians, since its edges correspond to the four cardinal points.
- It is believed that the builders of the tomb had excellent knowledge of the circumference of the Earth, the speed of light, the golden ratio, mathematical values \u200b\u200bthat were somehow laid into the structure.
- Contrary to popular belief, it is believed that the pyramid was built not by slaves, but by professional masons.
- Scientists have never been able to prove that Cheops's body once lay in the sarcophagus of the tomb.
- Inside the pyramid there are narrow shafts, walking along which the wind makes certain sounds.
- There is a version that the Egyptians only rebuilt the pyramid created by representatives of a previous civilization.
Note! Scanning of the pyramid and other modern studies suggest that there are several more rooms inside that have yet to be explored.
Sightseeing visit
The Pyramid of Cheops is visited about 3 million people a year... They inspect not only one of the Seven Wonders of the World, but also the surrounding buildings. These are three companion pyramids, the ruins of an ancient temple, as well as a modern museum, where an ancient Egyptian boat is exhibited as the main exhibit.
At night, tourists are shown a light and sound show, when each structure is illuminated with searchlights and their story and interesting facts are told. There is an opportunity to buy souvenirs in a small shop.
The Pyramid of Cheops (Egyptian Achet-Chufu) is a monument from the Seven Wonders of the World, which, according to Wikipedia, remains indestructible to this day. The pyramid belongs to the Giza plateau, including and.
Where is
The Pyramid of Cheops, Egypt, is located in the province, 30 km from Cairo, in the historic town of Giza, along El-Haram street. The address includes only the name of the district and the street, since Al-Haram is a whole area of \u200b\u200bburial tombs and historical monuments. On the map, the tomb of Cheops is adjacent to the Great Sphinx and two smaller pyramids - Hevren and Menkaur.
How to get there
There are several ways to get to the Giza plateau and the Cheops pyramid. If you are resting in the district of Hurghada or Sharm el-Sheikh, the easiest way would be to take a sightseeing bus coming from almost every hotel. You can get there on your own.
From anywhere in Egypt need to go to Cairo... The most convenient way to do this is by buses, the schedule of which will allow you not to stay overnight in Giza, but to have time to see the sights one day. Arriving in Cairo, take the metro and continue to Giza station, then change to bus number 900 or number 997. This shuttle bus will take you to Al Haram in 15 minutes. You will have to walk to the pyramid. This path is laid through no less interesting sights, so you will pass 2 km without noticing fatigue.
Origin story
The history of the creation of the pharaoh's pyramid to this day remains shrouded in secrets and mysteries. Previously, it was believed that the construction of the Cheopsazan pyramid took about 20 years by the ancient Egyptians, however, modern scientists give a different conclusion. Having studied the rock paintings and records preserved from the time of the pharaoh, the researchers say that the pharaoh ruled in Ancient Egypt for about 50 years, of which at least 40 lasted for the construction of the tomb. Thus, when asked how many years the pyramid has existed, scientists give approximately 4 thousand years.
It is known that the architect was the nephew of the ruler, Hemion, who worked for a long time on the creation of the project and the drawing, relying on strong mathematical knowledge. Thoroughness and scrupulousness reflected in the unimaginable durability of the building, thus leading to a dead end all the scientists of our time.
Appearance
The pyramid was erected on a limestone rock, the foot of the building was framed by a low pulpit, which has not survived since those times. Limestone blocks were used as a material, which were amenable to grinding. After that, the pyramid was faced twice. The weight of the middle block reached 2.5 tons, the erected blocks were pulled from the Nile with the help of a dozen ropes, after which the most laborious part of the work began - lifting the block to the foundation. There are theories that the lifting was also carried out with the help of ropes and at an angle laid out from wooden beams. During the 12th century Arab attack on Cairo, the modern capital was burned to the ground. Then the Egyptians began to remove the cladding for the construction and restoration of their homes.
Statistical data
The height of the Cheopsan pyramid today is 139 meters away... According to some reports, the pyramid was originally 2 meters higher, such a difference in meters appeared due to the gradual subsidence of the foundation into the sand.
The dimensions of the Cheops pyramid in meters: perimeter - 922 m, area - 5.3 hectares, the length of the lateral rib - 930 m. It exceeds 4 million tons, and the volume is 2.58 million m³.
Concavity of sides
If you watch the pyramid for more than one hour, then you can see how, in the light of the sun, the unevenness of the sides of the pyramid appears. This discovery was made in the 18th century to the present day. remains a secret of the Cheops pyramid... Scientist S. Edwards claims that the pyramid acquired such a disproportionate appearance over time, gradually sinking into the sand.
Tilt angle
The geometry of the pharaoh's tomb is a complex enigma, the answer to which cannot be unambiguous. One of these questions is the angle of inclination of the Cheops pyramid. With approximate data on the length and height of the sides, a whole galaxy of scientists from all over the world have concluded that the angle exceeds 51 degrees. An interesting question remains about the existence of the theory of the "Golden Section" at this time. Since the value for sekeda (Egyptian unit of measurement) was chosen a number close in value to pi. Another mystery of geometry the location of the corridors and passages remains, which, according to Egyptologists, give reasons for the name of the pyramid an astronomical observatory.
Internal structure
Now the entrance to the pyramid is in the north of the building in the form of an arch made of stone slabs. Tourists climb a 17-meter corridor built in 820 to see what is inside the Cheops pyramid. It is known that the original entrance has not survived, as it was closed in antiquity with a stone slab. What is the reason for the transfer of the entrance remains unknown. The internal structure of the Cheops pyramid includes 3 burial chambers, which are located one above the other.
Burial "pit"
In his writings, Herodotus described in detail the pyramid built during his lifetime. According to him, the 105 meter long corridor leading to the base of the building is the road to the cell in which the body of the deceased pharaoh Cheops... Thus, engineers in the 19th century cleared a passage underground. But the sarcophagus was not there, and the scientists concluded that the chamber remained completely unfinished. From this, a theory was deduced according to which the chamber for the ruler really should have been placed at the bottom of the foundation, but in the end result, it was moved to the center.
The Ascending Corridor and the Queen's Chambers
At 18 meters from the entrance there is a corridor with an approximate height of 40 meters, which leads to the Great Gallery. At the beginning of this corridor there are three "plugs" made of granite, which block the passage to further corners of the construction. Previously it was believed that no rooms, except for the descending corridor, were built in the pyramid. However, Al-Mamun was able to pave a way around these "traffic jams". It was believed that they served as an obstacle to entering the King's chamber. The ascending corridor has a mysterious design - the square corridor is pierced with "frame stones", with small niches in the wall.
A 35 m horizontal corridor leads to the 2nd chamber of the Great Gallery. The walls here are made of huge blocks, on which false seams are marked, giving the impression that the size of the blocks is half the size. This cell was called the "Queen's Chamber". It is faced with the same limestone and includes a high niche on one of the walls.
Grotto, Great Gallery and Pharaoh's Chambers
There is another passage from the Great Gallery - a vertical shaft 60 meters high. It is believed that her purpose was an evacuation exit for workers who were completing work on "The Tsar's Chamber." In the middle of the room there is a "Grotto" intended for several people. The walls here are made of stone, and the shaft was already laid in the existing structure.
The King's Chamber has two 17-meter discharge cavities above it, which, presumably, were formed in order to distribute the pressure of the blocks over the King's chamber. The weight of the limestone blocks above the chamber reaches 1 million tons.
Ventilation ducts
The "King's Chamber" and "Queen's Chamber" each have two ventilation outlets, which have a through-shaped construction. There are many versions about their purpose, but the most famous is the version of the afterlife movement of souls, according to which the soul of the deceased King rises along the channel.
Research history
A detailed study of the Cheops pyramid began back in the 19th century by a group of Egyptologists who, from studying the external proportions and location of the pyramid, moved on to unraveling the secrets of the internal structure.
Recent research
Scientists, puzzled by the question of the perfect fit of the blocks in size, put forward the theory that the formation of limestone was carried out right on the spot, without stopping the construction of the pyramid. Only this fact can explain the coincidence of all mathematical calculations.
Diagram of the Cheops pyramid
Pyramid of Cheops is considered one of the most mysterious on the Giza plateau. Interesting facts, legends and speculation attract hundreds of thousands of tourists every year.
- The area of \u200b\u200bthe pyramid is equal to the area of \u200b\u200b10 football fields;
- The construction took about 2.2 million blocks;
- The habitual understanding that the pyramid is the tomb of the King has been refuted by scientists, who say that the pyramid was never used as a tomb and had a different purpose;
- There are also theories that the pyramid is a special calendar. The thoroughness of the construction led to the fact that orientation in space along the pyramid will be more accurate than according to the usual compass.
Video
After lengthy research, scientists have not found a solution to the mystery of the Cheops pyramid, but the process of excavation and study of the details does not stop, maintaining the hope that someday people will still be able to understand the mysteries of the pyramid.
What to see nearby
The Pyramid of Cheops is not the only attraction in the area. Arriving on an excursion, you can get acquainted with other equally interesting buildings.
- Pharaoh's boats - 7 real boats were discovered during excavations near the pyramid. They are made from a single piece of cedar and have no fastener marks or nails. After the reconstruction, the dimensions of the boats were established, the length of which is about 43 meters, the width is 6 meters. There is a museum next to the pyramid, which houses all the samples.
- Pyramids of Queens of Cheops - in the east of the pyramid of Pharaoh Cheops, there are 3 pyramids of a much smaller size. They were intended for the wives, the Queens of the Pharaoh. The first - Queen Meritites I - is currently almost erased from the ground, as 2/3 of its buildings have sunk into the sand. Here is also the tomb of the mother of the pharaoh - Hetepheres I, who died during the reign of Cheops. 4 assessments, average: 4,50 out of 5)
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