Does Nessie exist? The search for this plesiosaur then subsides, then begins with renewed vigor. This is a mythical creature that supposedly lives in a huge lake in Scotland. He is also affectionately called "Nessie". “You will never see Nessie in this weather,” the taxi driver tells me with a confident shake of his head. We are driving along a narrow road along the Scottish Loch Ness. It's too hot for him right now. He will sit in the depths, where it is cooler.
Maybe so, but I still gaze long and hard into the still waters of the lake. Others say that it is on such days that the smooth surface of the water begins to move and a creature (he or she) - huge, with a curved back like an upturned boat - rises briefly, and again dives into the depths: this is Nessie, the world's most famous underwater monster. At the moment, more than a thousand witnesses claim to have seen it - or at least the waves that it left behind as it plunged into the dark depths ...
But Nessie is just one of many water monsters. From the misty shores of Scandinavia to the dense forests of the Congo and the North American prairies, almost every culture has its own Loch Ness monster. And in many cases, the prototypes of the legendary monsters are real fossil marine reptiles that lived in the seas from two hundred and fifty to sixty-five million years ago.
Several times Nessie, presumably, managed to be photographed or spotted by sonar, she most of all resembles a plesiosaur - a marine reptile with a long neck, which became extinct at the same time as land dinosaurs about sixty-five million years ago.
Scotland began to attract the attention of the public, especially people involved in unusual natural phenomena, as early as the sixth century AD. Having brought up in the minds of its citizens a wondrous legend about an unprecedented beast that lives at the bottom of the lake, the country has secured a huge flow of researchers and ordinary tourists who want to touch or at least look at this miracle of nature. Until now, it is not known for certain whether the monster actually exists.
The abbot of the Scottish monastery of Iona told the world about the terrible murder of a man. If you believe his "life", then the unfortunate river monster Nisag killed the unfortunate (as the Celts call their monster). Abbot Columba noticed that his students were interested in the incident, and decided to go down the river in a boat to see if the killer was Nisag. The boat sailed away from the shore, and a few moments later a beast swam out in front of the students, which brought them into a stupor and made everyone who sees it horrified.
For the beast to disappear into the abyss of water, Columba read a prayer and thereby saved everyone. Then the unprecedented creation was remembered in 1932. This is the official documentation. “A creature that looks like a crocodile, with a very small head and a long neck,” a certain Miss MacDonald described Nessie in this way, thereby starting an unofficial cycle of observations of the lake. After the publication of this material, more and more eyewitnesses almost instantly appeared, who described the creature in almost the same way as Miss MacDonald. The news, which instantly spread not only in Scotland, but also in other countries, led to a real stir and a mass pilgrimage of tourists to the conditional place of residence of the monster .
Scientists approached this issue from a different angle, and in 1975 a group of enthusiasts, using sonar and photographic devices, explored the bottom. As a result of the latter, scientists received a picture in which there is something that looks like the fin of a huge fish. And already in 2003, the researchers of the international roughness BBC with the help of sound sonars explored the bottom of the lake (600 devices), but did not find anything. Research in 2016 also found nothing. Of course, the scientific world is full of mysteries, but many believe that all the data was simply classified, and in fact, Nessie, an amazing monster with a small head and a huge body, exists.
The first mention of this monster dates back to the era of the Roman legionnaires. On paper, the case of a meeting with a creature is described as early as the 6th century AD. In his writings, the Irish monk described a strange creature that attacked the locals. After that, people for several centuries met with a monster. That animal, whose head looks like a horse, lured lonely travelers into the abyss, then a giant salamander overturned a ship with people in the lake ...
The peak of Nessie's popularity came in the last century. In the 1930s, the newspaper published a story of eyewitnesses who allegedly saw in the waters of the lake a huge black something with two humps and a small head. For several years, the editorial office was simply bombarded with messages about meetings with Nessie. In 1933 alone, dozens of tourists and locals allegedly saw it. It is noteworthy that none of them encountered the creature “face to face”, no one saw it up close.
The essence of the testimony can be reduced to the following: someone from the shore observed movement on the lake, saw a head or humps, heard loud splashes. And one married couple even saw how a sluggish animal of gigantic size crawled from the nearest undergrowth to the water (this was almost the only meeting with Nessie on the shore, no one else noticed that he was leaving the lake).
In 33, the very first known photograph of the strange animal was also taken. The quality of the picture left much to be desired: everything was “smeared” and fuzzy. In the water was a large figure in the form of the Latin letter "S". The picture was recognized by experts as genuine. However, it is impossible to say with certainty whether the captured object is alive, or whether it is just a big snag.
In 1934, the idea of capturing Nessie literally captured the naturalists. The parliament was then even asked for subsidies for research, but the request was rejected. And in the 60s, a certain Mr. Dinsdale filmed the movement of an unusually large object on the surface of the lake. For comparison, he also took a footprint on the water from his boat - these were two completely different tracks. In subsequent years, this video was considered the only material evidence of the existence of the Loch Ness monster. But already in the 20s, a group of experts found that a certain boat still left waves on the water (possibly different in size from the Dinsdale ship).
Thus, we can conclude that at the moment there is not a single photo-video or audio material that clearly demonstrates the existence of Nessie. All images are blurry, fuzzy, or unreliable (take, for example, the very first picture of the creature - it just shows a black hook made of water, which may be a simple driftwood).
Scientists give several arguments according to which the Loch Ness monster simply cannot exist:
- The bottom of the lake was scanned several times. According to supporters of the existence of Nessie, there may be a huge crevice at the bottom of the lake, and maybe even a whole network of caves, where the creature is hiding to this day. But this year (2016), with the help of the most modern equipment, experts fully studied the relief of the reservoir and refuted the existence of caves or crevices - the bottom of the lake is flat. The waters themselves were also studied repeatedly, but nothing was found. That is, Nessie has absolutely nowhere to hide;
- The reservoir is of glacial origin and for a long time was completely covered with ice. Until a living creature of sufficient size has been found that can survive without oxygen for several years;
- The lake does not have the necessary biomass to feed such a large animal as the Loch Ness monster (regardless of whether it is herbivorous or carnivorous). Nessie, according to eyewitnesses, reaches a length of more than 15 meters. At the same time, it should weigh more than 20 tons, and food in the lake would be enough only for someone weighing no more than 2000 kg. Thus, the unfortunate monster would simply starve to death;
- By the way, not a single fragment of the creature's body was found - no teeth, no remains, no scales, no claws;
- Loch Ness is one of the favorite tourist places: there are a dozen hotels and campsites on its shore, and the reservoir is also navigable. For such a huge period of time, at least someone should have captured a rare curiosity (after all, the monster needs to emerge to take in air). And animals in general are not attracted by places busy with people. (with the exception of small animals that eat up food thrown out by a person, but Nessie is unlikely to be able to get out onto land to feast on an apple core forgotten by a careless tourist);
- An interesting fact is that in the 30s of the last century a circus group was actively touring in Scotland. It included several elephants who love to bathe. When an elephant swims, only its trunk, head and back (the neck with a head and two humps of Nessie captured in her first picture, respectively) are visible above the water;
- The first mention of the lake curiosity dates back to the end of the last millennium. The monster could very well be an ancient marine dinosaur. That's just according to the calculations of scientists, such people lived especially on average up to a maximum of 300 years. And Nessie has already exceeded 2000 (provided that the animal in the waters of the lake was the same, although, as already indicated above, even one creature cannot feed there, not to mention a possible group);
Despite all the above points, there are still quite a lot of supporters of the existence of the Loch Ness monster in the world. But really, any technique is capable of malfunctioning, any experts are mistaken ...
And at the bottom of the reservoir there may be caves and crevices. Perhaps even leading to the ocean. And Nessie managed to get out of the hungry and cold captivity of the lake. It is likely that the monster might not have lived permanently in Scotland, but only swam there for some purpose.
The video is about Nessie.
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Subtitles
Legend
Shooting Dinsdale
The course of the boat, filmed by Dinsdale himself for comparison, numerous computer studies, additional verification by Kodak specialists, and the very initial conclusion of JARIC are convincing evidence that there could be no question of a trace left by the boat.
Professor Henry Bauer, Virginia Polytechnic, USA.
Sound scanning
Disillusioned with the effectiveness of visual surveys, those who wanted to confirm the urban legend turned to alternative search methods, in particular, sound scanning. The first session of this kind was held in the mid-1950s, and work in this area has continued uninterrupted ever since. Thus, the researchers learned a lot about Loch Ness, in particular, they calculated the total amount of biomass in the lake - a key factor that is directly related to the possibility of a large creature living here.
In addition, a study by sound revealed the existence of a seiche effect in the lake, which is capable of causing optical illusion and to which Inspector Campbell initially attributed eyewitness observations. We are talking about the sudden occurrence of powerful short-term flows of water, provoked by sharp changes in atmospheric pressure. Such currents can drag large objects with them, which, moving against the wind, can create the illusion of moving forward "of their own free will." It is this phenomenon that experts explain the silhouette in the picture of McNab.
Film by Gordon Holmes
satellite image
In the summer of 2009, a resident of the UK stated that while viewing satellite photographs on the Google Earth website, he saw the creature he was looking for. The photo of the service really shows something that vaguely resembles a large marine animal with two pairs of flippers and a tail.
Latest research and myth busting
A group of specialists from the UK, using a robot called Munin, conducted, according to the researchers themselves, the most detailed study of Loch Ness to date (April 2016). Scientists representing the Loch Ness Project, led by Adrian Schein, decided to check the information provided in early 2016 by a certain fisherman that there was a huge crevice at the bottom of the lake. According to the fisherman, she could well accommodate the legendary monster. According to the researchers, the robot, using sonar methods, was able to obtain very detailed information about this section of the lake at a depth of up to 1,500 meters. At the same time, the maximum depth of the lake reaches “only” 230 meters (this is one of the deepest lakes in Scotland). Nevertheless, experts decided to check the periodically sounding assumption that in fact it is deeper due to crevices or underwater tunnels that have not yet been discovered, Sky News reports.
No anomalies were found during the study, which means that there is no crevice in which the monster could be hiding. According to the researchers, this suggests that the Loch Ness monster, apparently, still does not exist. But the robot, moving along the bottom of the lake, stumbled upon a fake monster created in 1969 for the filming of the film "The Private Life" of Sherlock Holmes". During filming, the model drowned in the lake - due to the fact that director Billy Wilder demanded that two humps be cut off from her, which worsened her buoyancy.
Last photo of the Loch Ness monster
Amateur photographer Ian Bremner, 58, has photographed what may be one of the most convincing sightings of the Loch Ness monster to date (September 2016). Bremner rode through the highlands in search of a deer, but instead witnessed a startling sight: he saw Nessie floating in the calm waters of Loch Ness. Ian spends most of his weekends around the lake photographing the stunning natural beauty. But when he returned to his home, he noticed a creature in the picture, which, as he believes, may be the very elusive monster. The picture shows a two-meter creature swimming away with a silvery wriggling torso - its head flickered in the distance, and about a meter from it a tail was visible, with which the animal rushing away splashed on the water. The creature was seen at the moment when it floated to the surface to take a breath of air. The photo taken by Ian shows a long snake-like creature, which is fully consistent with the generally accepted description of Nessie that appeared back in 1933. The picture he took is very reminiscent of some of the clearest and best-known images of this creature. In 2016, cases of "encounter" with the monster were already reported five times - including the testimony provided by Ian. This is the highest number of sightings since 2002. Some of Ian's friends believe that the photograph actually shows three seals playing in the water. Over the years, 1081 sightings of the Loch Ness monster hiding in the water have been recorded.
Arguments against
The main argument of skeptics remains the indisputable fact that the amount of biomass in the lake is not enough to support the life of a creature of the size that is attributed to the Loch Ness monster. Despite its huge size and abundance of water (brought here by seven rivers), Loch Ness has sparse flora and fauna. In the course of research conducted by the Loch Ness Project, dozens of species of living things have been identified. However, sound scanning showed that there is only 20 tons of biomass in the lake, which is enough to support the life of one living creature weighing no more than 2 tons. Calculations based on the study of plesiosaur fossils show that a 15-meter pangolin would weigh 25 tons. Adriant Shine believes that the search should not be one creature, but "a colony that would number from 15 to 30 individuals." In this case, all of them, in order to feed themselves, should be no more than 1.5 meters in length; in practice, this means that the lake is not able to feed a colony of creatures larger than lake salmon (salmon).
In addition to the above fact, there are a number of indirect arguments that also work against the version of the reality of "Nessie". For example:
However, supporters of the reality of "Nessie" are not convinced by the arguments. Thus Professor Bauer writes:
Shooting Dinsdale convincingly proves that the lake - at least in the 60s - really lived a giant living creature. Moreover, I am convinced that it exists here - or existed - in the singular. Something else remains unclear. All indications are that this creature needs oxygen to sustain life. But on the surface, it almost never appears. If we summarize the testimony of eyewitnesses who described a massive body with a hump, fins and a long neck, then the appearance of a modern plesiosaur looms. But the creatures that live in Loch Ness do not come to the surface and spend part of their lives at the bottom. This suggests that we are already dealing with a descendant of the plesiosaur, which has developed over time the ability to remain without air for a very long time.
Supporters of the Nessie reality refer to ancient legends, according to which there is a network of caves and tunnels at the bottom of the lake that allow the monster to swim into the sea and return back. However, studies of the bottom and coasts indicate that the existence of such tunnels is unlikely here.
Conscious hoax
One alternative explanation for this phenomenon is that the owners of hotels and other establishments located near the lake used the ancient legend of the monster to attract tourists. Therefore, “eyewitness accounts” and photographs were published in local newspapers, allegedly confirming their claims, and even dummies of Nessie were made. Wilson's hoax partner, Christopher Sparling, was Montague Whethorle's stepson and testified that people at the newspaper's office pressured Whethorle for hard evidence. Noteworthy is the closeness of the activation of the theme of "the monster from Loch Ness" (1933) and the film adaptation of "The Lost World" by Arthur Conan Doyle (1925), which popularized cryptozoology, thereby creating fertile ground for the emergence of an urban legend about the existence of a relic lizard. in Scotland. It should be noted that the "first eyewitness" - Mr. John McKay - was the owner of a hotel in Inverness, and in the movie "The Lost World" there is a scene of a plesiosaur passing by a steamer and a small mise-en-scene at the very end of the picture, where a brontosaurus, having fallen from the Tower Bridge he had broken through in Thames, floats on the surface of the river, head high on a thin neck and arching his back exactly as it is depicted in the "photo of the surgeon."
This version does not explain the early references to the creature, however, these references themselves, like most medieval legends, are not accurate and have not been confirmed in any way. It can be noted that the biographies of a number of medieval Christian saints contain references to fantastic monsters expelled or pacified by them (for example, Saint Attract, Saint Clement of Metz and others); it is possible that the story of the pacification of the monster on Loch Ness was remembered a posteriori, when the urban legend about "Nessie" had already formed.
Researchers and enthusiasts from all over the world have long been tormented by the question: does the Loch Ness monster exist? Even sophisticated modern technology cannot give an exact answer. The existence of Nessie, living in the waters of Loch Ness, was officially announced in 1933. The British newspaper The Telegraph has collected the most famous photographs of the legendary monster.
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At the end of 2013, two residents of the UK on satellite maps from Apple, a mysterious silhouette about 30 meters long on the surface of Loch Ness. For six months, experts studied the image and came to the conclusion that the object could well belong to the legendary monster.
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In the summer of 2009, a resident of the UK said that while viewing satellite photographs on the Google Earth website, he saw the creature he was looking for. The photograph of the service really shows something that vaguely resembles a large marine animal with two pairs of flippers and a tail. However, it is possible that the satellite could capture an ordinary boat leaving a foam trail.
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In May 2007, 55-year-old Englishman Gordon Holmes claimed he had strong evidence for the existence of the Loch Ness monster. The researcher decided to place microphones in the lake and study the sound signals coming from the depths. Near the western shore, he noticed movement in the water and immediately turned on the video camera, which recorded the movement of a long dark object under water, heading towards the northern part of the lake. The creature's body remained mostly underwater, but its head popped up from time to time, leaving a trail of foam in its wake.
Experts who examined the film confirmed its authenticity and concluded that a creature about 15 meters long was moving at a speed of 10 kilometers per hour. However, Holmes' footage is not considered conclusive evidence for the existence of a prehistoric monster in the lake. There were opinions that it could be a giant snake or a worm, a light illusion or a log set in motion by an internal current.
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A photograph of the alleged monster taken in 2005.
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And this photo of 1977 turned out to be an ordinary fake. One Anthony Shiels claimed to have taken the photograph while walking near Yorkhart Castle.
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In this underwater photograph taken in 1972 by members of an expedition led by Dr. Robert Reines, a creature resembling a plesiosaur is shown.
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In this image, also taken in 1972, the monster seems to be moving to the right, showing a wide-open mouth and a powerful back.
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Former Army Captain Frank Searle arrived at Loch Ness in the early 1970s. Going to find a mysterious creature, he took a huge number of photographs of Nessie, many of which were widely disseminated by the media. However, they all turned out to be fakes.
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In July 1955, Erscher banker Peter McNab photographed what appeared to be a huge, dark creature in the bay at Yorkhart Castle, cutting through the surface of the lake.
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In 1951, Lachlan Stewart photographed some strange elevations above the water. Later it turns out that these hills were actually tufts of grass floating on the surface of the lake.
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And this is perhaps the most famous picture of Nessie. London colonel and physician Robert Wilson took this photograph in April 1934. The author claimed to have photographed the monster by accident while traveling around the area birdwatching. Only in 1994 was it established that this picture was a fake made by Wilson and three accomplices.
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The first known photograph of the Loch Ness Monster was taken on November 12, 1933 by Hugh Gray.
Loch Ness (literally Nose-lake) is located in the north-east of Scotland in the county of Inverness. The area of the lake is about 60 square kilometers, and the maximum depth reaches 230 meters. The water in the lake, curiously, does not freeze even in the coldest winter. And the living creatures that live in its depths are striking in their abundance and diversity. Scottish folklore is replete with centuries-old legends about the monster that lives in the lake.
The famous Nessie, the Loch Ness monster, lives at the bottom of the Scottish lake Loch Ness. That's what one says. Scientists all over the world have been trying for years to prove or disprove the existence of Nessie. And sensation hunters sincerely hope to meet one of the most mysterious creatures on the planet.
Truth or fiction?
Nessie looks like a giant seal with a long neck and a lizard head. People who lived near the mysterious lake kept their secret for many years, which was finally revealed by the Roman legionnaires. The strangers noticed the stone figure of a strange animal that they had never seen before. Mentions of an unusual creature living in the lake can be found in numerous sources dating back to different centuries.
Nessie, the legendary Loch Ness monster, has allegedly been caught on camera multiple times. However, even photographs did not become evidence for the existence of a giant seal for scientists. Some researchers believe that the long-necked creature shown in the photographs is actually a visual effect of a seisha. It is not excluded and falsification in order to profitably sell the image.
Loch Ness is relatively shallow, only 230 m. A huge animal, which Nessie is supposed to be, could not hide and feel comfortable in this reservoir. It has been suggested that there is a deep crevice at the bottom of the lake, in which Nessie is hiding. However, with the help of detailed studies in 2016, it was possible to establish that there are no caves at the bottom of the reservoir. No large animals were found, which would certainly have been noticed by modern instruments.
eyewitness accounts
In the late 1950s, a book by C. White was published with eyewitness accounts who claimed to have personally seen the monster. The author herself lived for many years on the shore of the lake and did not notice anything unusual. But even after the book was published, there were people who met Nessie:
Amateur explorer Gordon Holmes tried to make a film about the Loch Ness monster in 2007. He managed to fix the movement of an unknown object in the lake. But this record did not convince the experts.
No one knows if Nessie, the Loch Ness monster, really exists. The human imagination is able to create, living for centuries. The Scots are hardly interested in finding evidence or refutation of the monster's existence. For them, Nessie is a reliable way to attract tourists who love ancient legends and tales. There really is a monster at the bottom of the lake. The fake monster was made for the making of a film in the late 1960s. The artificial Nessie drowned during filming.
The "best" photo of the Loch Ness monster was taken by 60-year-old George Edwards - the picture has already been studied by the US military experts and recognized it as genuine . To capture the monster, the Nessie hunter has spent 60 hours a week for the past 26 years. The author of the photo believes that there are several similar monsters in the lake.
"It was slowly moving up the lake to Urquhart Castle, it was something dark gray in color. It was quite far from the boat - about half a mile," Edwards told The Sun. He did not want to publish the picture he received until he received confirmation from experts - the photo was taken back in November last year.
A photo taken by Edwards shows a strange hump sticking out of the water. The experts concluded that the image is a moving object. According to Edwards, he watched Nessie for about 10 minutes, after which it sank under the water and disappeared.
Loch Ness is a large deep freshwater lake in Scotland, stretching for 37 km southwest of Inverness.
It is curious that modern technology has repeatedly spotted the Loch Ness monster. In April, Captain Martin Atkinson said that the echo sounder on his ship found a snake-like creature one and a half meters long in the depths of the famous lake. He provided evidence of this. His shot won the "Best Recent Nessie Observation" award, established by bookmaker William Hill.
The first mention of the Loch Ness monster dates back to 565 AD, when in the biography of St. Columba, Abbot Jonah spoke about the saint's triumph over the "water beast" in the Ness River. Since then, the world has been divided into those who believed in the existence of a monster, and those who considered it impossible.
Maybe some kind of hefty fish swims there?
Well, in general, you can collect such photos of this monster on the Internet, though I won’t vouch for the authenticity :-)
