Located among the Green Baden-Württemberg Hills and the old Medieval city of Heidelberg, Heidelberg medieval castle is One of the most remarkable romantic sights of Germany. The first mention of the castle dated 1225 year. Ruins of the castle are one of the most important Renaissance structures tonorth of the Alps. Long years Heidelberg castle wasresidence graphsPalatin, which were accountable only to the emperor.
2. Castle Hohensalzburg (Austria)
One of the largest medieval castles in Europe is located on Mount Festung, at an altitude of 120 meters, which is near Salzburg. During its existence, the Hohensalzburg castle was repeatedly rebuilt and strengthened, gradually turning into a powerful, impregnable fortress. In the XIX century, the castle was used as a warehouse, a military barracks and prison. The first mention of the castle dated to the 10th century.
3. Castle Bran (Romania)
Located almost in the center of Romania, this medieval castle received its worldwide fame due to Hollywood, it is believed that it was in this castle a count of Dracula. Lock is a national monument and main attractionRomania. The first mention of the castle is dated to the 13th century.
4. Castle Segovia (Spain)
This majestic stone fortress is located near the city of Segovia in Spain and is one of the most famous castles of the Pyrenean Peninsula. It was his special form inspired Walt Disney to recreate Cinderella's castle in his cartoon. Alcazar (Castle) was originally built as a fortress,but served B. as the Royal Palace, Prison, the Royal Artillery School and the Military Academy.Currently used asmuseum and the storage locations of the military archives of Spain. The first mention of the castle dated 1120 year, it was built during the reign of the Berber dynasty.
5. Dunstoreboro Castle (England)
The castle was built by the columnThomas Lancaster between 1313 and 1322 At the time when the relationship between King Edward II and his vassal, Baron Thomas Lancaster, became frankly hostile. In 1362. Danstreboro moved to the propertyJohn Ghentsky , the fourth son of the kingEduard III which significantly rebuilt the castle. DuringWars scarlet and white rose Lancaster citadel was sheproof, as a result of which the castle was destroyed.
6. Cardiff Castle (Wales)
Located in the heart of Cardiff, it is a medieval castle is one of the most defining monuments of the capital of Wales. The castle was built by Wilhelm the conqueror in the 11th century on the site of the former Fort of the Roman Empire of the 3rd century.
This medieval castle dominates the horizonEdinburgh, the capital of Scotland.The historical origin of the Terrible Edinburgh Castle on the rock was shrouded in a mystery, he is mentioned in the episas of the 6th century, appear in the annals before, finally goes to the foreground in Scottish history, when Edinburgh has established itself as a place of monarchical power in the 12th century.
One of the most visited places in Southern Ireland is also one of the most untouched examples of medieval fortification in the world. Blarney's castle is the third fortress built in this place. The first building was wooden and dated X century. About 1210, instead of her, built a stone fortress. Subsequently, it was destroyed and in 1446 Dermot McCarthy, the ruler of the manster, built the third castle on this place, which was preserved to the present day.
Medieval castle Castel Nuovo was built The first king of Naples, Karl I Anzhuy, Castel Nuovo It is one of the most famous sights of the city.With its thick walls, majestic towers and an impressive triumphal arch make it quintesening medieval castle.
10. Konui Castle (England)
The castle is a magnificent sample of the architecture of the XIII century, it was built on the orders of King Eduard I English. Surrounded by a stone wall with eight round towers. Only the castle walls are preserved until our time, but they look very impressive. For the castle heating, many huge fireplaces were used.
Vintage overgrown with ivy locks are striking the greatness, they produce an unforgettable impression. Such historical buildings are in many European countries. Among them are the oldest and most original. Vintage locks are striking with their beauty, greatness and practicality. They were built not only to demonstrate the wealth of their owner, and also as defensive structures. Even with a long siege of locks, life has not stopped there. Almost every monument of architecture became part of local legends, the fame of an unusual place in which ghosts lived.
Germany is proud of the castle of Rayhsburg with a thousand-year history. At one time, it was the residence of King Conrad III. At the end of the seventeenth century, he was almost completely destroyed, but his local businessman restored him in the nineteenth.
The Austrian Castle of the Gorostervitz, towering at a hundred and sixty meters above the terrain, as if even today she watches his possessions. He belongs to the ninth century. This medieval structure looks great and from the distance of thirty kilometers.
Above the lake of the Bled on a Statercar Ray as if the Bled Castle hangs. From the windows of this historical Slovenian building a magnificent view opens. It is known that the castle at one time was the residence of Josip Broz Tito, and even earlier - the residence of the royal dynasty.
Castle-fortress Hohenschwangau is located in Germany. He was built knights in the twelfth century. He served as a residence to several rulers, including Louis II. In this castle, the famous composer Richard Wagner.
The most original castles
A visit to the castles is always impressive. It seems that you got into a fairy tale or get in a movie about knights and beautiful princesses. There are castles are absolutely original, unlike those that we used to see in films or illustrations of books.The location of the castle is different as non-standard and unique you can not name. He literally carved out of the rock. The left wing was carved at the beginning of the twelfth century, the right and middle part was completed in sixteenth. At the end of the twentieth century, the castle was renovated by returning his primary appearance.
Who did not hear about the swallow nest? This castle is the pearl and the business card of the Crimea. He towering on an Avrory Rock, which is broken by huge waves. His romanticism, mysteriousness and at the same time the grace contributed to the fact that several artistic films were shot in the castle.
Next to the coast of Normandy there is an artificial island of Mont Saint-Michel, which built a medieval French castle. His feature is that this is a valid monastery.
The oldest castles
The castles began to build in Europe from the tenth century. All of them are similar by planning, as they are fortification facilities. Usually the castles surrounded the moat, which was filled with water.One of the oldest buildings is a huge Davrian castle. Some of his buildings appeared about two thousand years ago - these are two lighthouse, however, only one has been preserved to this day. Already in the tenth century, the Church was attached to the lighthouse, and in the eleventh century, the main tower was built nearby, they had all the buildings by a defensive wall.
Another old castle is located in the Czech Republic. We are talking about Prague Castle. It is known that his first tower was built as much as in the 879th year. It is impressive not only age, but also a huge area of \u200b\u200bthe castle.
Kisimul - the so-called castle built on the island near Barra in the eleventh century. As archaeological excavations confirm, the first structure was destroyed. He again rebuilt already in the fifteenth century. There is a source of fresh water in the castle, and this is very important when siege. Kisimul was not captured by no time that made him in his own way unique.
The most unusual castle in the world
The most unusual, you can say fabulous, is Neuschwanstein Castle. It is also called the castle in the clouds. In Germany, this is one of the most interesting attractions. The name is translated as "New Swan Utøs". 
Construction was conducted in the nineteenth century. It is known that when creating a cartoon about sleeping beauty, the world-famous Disney multiplier created the castle of the Main Heroine of the Cartoon look like Noyshvstin castle. Similarity - striking.
Monarchs often prefer to live in the castles, but in the palaces. The royal palace in Stockholm was built without a small 57 years. The site site has interesting facts about the largest palaces in the world. The editorial board in continuing the topic about surprisingly unusual sights, invites you to get acquainted with the abandoned places from which the Spirit is capturing.
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05.06.2016
Majesty castles fascinates. Most of these monumental structures were built at the time of brave knights and trepidate ladies. It is possible that that is why the gloomy walls are literally shrouded with medieval romance, which manits millions of tourists. Or maybe the secret of their popularity in the legends and real stories witnessed the walls of the castles. Well, try to figure out, but will help us in this top 10 stories of old castles.
10. Chateau Frontenak
If in Europe of old castles of incredible beauty has been preserved quite a lot, then in the new light, it is almost impossible to meet such architectural sizes. True, there is one exception, the name of which Chateau Frontenak. Traveling through the Canadian province of Quebec, it is possible to be under the walls of the medieval French castle. And here even with a tourist, weakly dismantled in history, many questions arise. Indeed, in the era of the Middle Ages, the territory of Canada was populated by the Aboriginal, who did not even know about the existence of the castle, preferring to live in traditional Indian villages. But the castle exists, this is a fact! The attenuation of this charade is incredibly simple. In fact, Chateau Frontenak was erected at the end of the XIX century as a Grand Hotel. The initiator and main sponsor of this project was the "Canadian Pacific Railway". The hotel is owned by Louis de Biauda de Frontenaku - Founder of Canada. Finally, the castle was completed in 1926. Since then, in different years, such outstanding personalities have stopped here as Alfred Hitchcock, Charles de Gaulle, Ronald Reagan, Jacques Chirac and Queen Elizabeth. In 1943, Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt were carried out in the walls of Chateau Frontenak. Today, Frontenak is the most photographed hotel in the world, which is not surprising at all.
9. Elz
Since basically, the locks carried out a defensive function, many of them were pretty delivered during the enemy attacks. In this regard, Elz Castle is almost the only exception. This castle never exposed to capture, and was not destroyed. Due to this, the appearance of the castle did not change at all from the XII century, that is, from the moment of its construction. All this time, the castle is owned by representatives of one family name. Total castle walls remember more than 30 generations of Elz family. And if earlier at the same time in the castle, up to 100 members of this family could live, today the owners of the castle prefer to live separately. And Elz daily takes guests-tourists, and sometimes it becomes a place to shoot the next historical film. I must say, the castle of Elz is a convincing decoration, because all the furniture in it is genuine, and served the owners in the XV century. Yes, that there are movies, the image of Elza is still quite recently conquered on a banknote with a par with 500 German brands.
8. Brissak
This castle in the valley of the Loire River received its name through an unclean to the Melnik's hand. The legend says that the castle was erected in places, from all sides of the mills surrounded by mills. Pluto Melnik used holey bags, flour from which was a little wanted to the floor. The wakeful flour of Kindee carefully collected to offer it to the next buyers. Such an uncompute way of Melnik deceived his customers, because they paid for a full bag. Soon his trick was revealed, and the miller's "hole in the bag" was called. In French, it sounds like Breche-Sac. Over time, it was so called the locality where the mill was standing, and later the castle was built here. By the way, this is the highest castle of France. The French castle brissak began his story as a defensive structure. He was erected in the XI century, and up to 1434 by him owned by the people of the military. In the same year, a new owner settled in the castle. Him became Pierre Breze, who held the post of Minister at the court of Karl VII. It is saying that it was during this period that the events occurred in the castle, because of which and today, the Camizers of the Castle, the Brussak envelops the ghost. Young Pierre Pierre Breusa twisted a novel with commoner, and soon rumors about her infidelity reached the spouse. The angry spouse was merciless to lovers, and both have deprived of life. And the castle, the witness of the terrible violence, hastily was sold to the new owner. So, from 1502 to this day, the castle is the property of the Kosse-Brissak family.
7. Bran
At the Castle of Bran, which is in Transylvania, a rather interesting story. But he acquired wide fame due to what is considered to be a castle of Count Dracula. The irony is that Vlad Chapes did not live in the castle. They say he was here just a couple of times, and even then passing. But since then hundreds of years have passed, and more or less serious confirmations are not preserved. As for now it is not known whether Vlad Chain Vampire was. Perhaps this is the fruit of the fantasy writer Brahma Stocker, who was born 400 years later later, the Terrible Count Dracula. As for the castle, he was built by local residents as protection against permanent Turkish raids. For it, they were allowed not to pay taxes to the state treasury over several centuries. Today the owner of the castle is the American architect, the heir of Romanian monarchs. His ominous fame of the castle was on his hand. The castle of Dracula annually as a magnet attracts hundreds of tourists. And in 1992, his walls became a decoration to the film "Dracula" of the legendary director Coppola.
6. Pelsh
It is believed that even the most beautiful locks are not too comfortable for living. It is the opinion that these are forever cold gloomy rooms, the daylight in which is extremely rare and extremely dosed. In part, these words are true, however, in the Romanian castle, the Pelsh case is quite different. King Romania Karol I conceived to build a castle in a picturesque corner of the Carpathians. Before staying on the project, in which the castle was built later, the king consistently broke some others. One project seemed to the monarch too fried and expensive, the other is not original. The idea of \u200b\u200bthe architect Johanna Schulz came carol I like. Moreover, the estimate of the future construction on royal standards was very modest. Today, these costs are equal to 120 million US dollars. In addition to the original appearance and exquisite interiors, the castle struck the imagination thanks to technical innovations of the time. So, Peles became the first lock, which was lit by electricity. The latter generated a power station built near the castle. In addition, the peles was equipped with an elevator that, you see, it was very atypically for the castle, even if it was built at the beginning of the progressive twentieth century. In 1947, the castle was nationalized, and for a long time, except for the Romanian party elite, the Castle of the Peles did not communicate. In 1989, the political system was changed in Romania, and the castle returned the descendants of the previous owners. But they agreed to monetary compensation in the amount of 30 million euros. Today, Peles is the property of the state, and takes up to half a million tourists a year.
5. SHENONSO
Not in vain the most beautiful castle of France is unofficially called "Damsky". It happened that the whole story of Shenonzo Castle is connected with women. In 1512, the land on which the castle is now located, they were purchased by a clear fight. Spouses conceived to build a beautiful castle on the site of the old fortress. Due to the employment of the spouse by public affairs, Ekaterina was led by all the works. It seems that the fight was very vain, it says the eloquence of the inscription on one of the castle walls. Next to the initials of the spouses are engraved with words offering each visitor to remember the first owners of the castle. Whatever the motives of the couple were fighting, but in 1521 the construction of the castle was completed. However, it was not destined to enjoy the new home to Tomasy Boy, as well as his spouse. Thomas died in 1524, the wife experienced him for just a couple of years. The estate passed into the inheritance of his son. But the castle of incredible beauty came to the heart of the King Francis I, who hurried to confiscate Schiannso. Later, the castle was presented by King Heinrich II his favorite - Diana de Poitiers. It is she who owns the idea of \u200b\u200bthe construction of a bridge across the river, thanks to which the impression is that the water passes through the castle. The king was crazy about his beloved, despite the fact that Diana was older than 19 years old. The king was not embarrassed and the fact that during his stormy novel he was married to Catherine Medici. It is necessary to say that the latter hated the favorite, and after the ridiculous death of the king hurried to expel De Poitiers from the castle, becoming a full mistress. After a Medici, the castle took a lot of charming and influential women of France. Among the many rooms in Schononce there is even a bedroom of five queens. Here, in different years, three daughters of Catherine Medici lived, and the legendary queen Margo and Elizabeth Valua. Today the castle is the private property of a family family. But this status does not prevent him from every day to take hundreds of tourists.
4. Mont-Saint-Michel
Mont-Saint Michel Castle visits 1.5-2 million tourists per year. Such popularity of the complex is explained not only to the unusual architecture, but also the characteristics of nature in these places. However, about everything in order. According to the legend, in 708, the local bishop was a sign, Archangel Mikhail appeared. He also pointed out where the church needs to build. The castle was built very slowly: five centuries took the abbey on the construction of the abbey. But when the construction was completed, the castle was named after his patron Mountain of St. Michael. In those hectic times while the castle was built, he became a real impregnable fortress. Thanks to durable walls and location, Mont-Saint-Michel could withstand a multi-day siege. For a long history, the castle was able to visit Abbey, the residence of kings and even a prison. The castle stands in an amazing place where you can observe tides and foals twice a day. It would seem that here is so amazing. But during the low tide, the water retreats 15-20 km, exposing the orstive bottom around the castle. With a tide, the territory around the lock is covered with water to a depth of 14 meters. Since 1879, the castle can be reached by dam, not paying attention to the regimen of tides and sings. True, a couple of times a year, during the autumn and spring equinox of Mont-Saint-Michel, as in the old good times, becomes an island. On these days, the water of the grand tide is flooded and the dam.
3. Neustvstein
The beauty of the German castle Nešventstein fascinates. Even his name sounds like music. After all, in translation from German, it is quite poetic means a new swan cliff. By his birth, the castle is obliged to Bavarian king Ludwig II. He gave an order to blow up the rock, in order to clear the plateau under the future castle. I must say, the king was a great original, and the fan of architecture. So, during his board, except Noyshvastein, three more castle were built. But this idea of \u200b\u200bthe king should have become the most grandiose structure. Work on the castle lasted as many as 17 years, but never were finished. Some ideas of Ludwig II were not destined to come into reality. He became the victim of the intrigue of his own government, who declared him insane, and, consequently, is incapable. The king was accused of irrational spending of public funds, including the construction of locks. Then, with strange circumstances, the opaired king was not. According to the official version, he committed suicide, drowned in the lake. However, historians tend to consider his death by murder. Yes, and about the madness of the king there are big doubts. Be that as it may, but the castles, for the construction of which in the 19th century there were spent a lot of Bavarian money, thanks to the tourists have long paid off. Revenues from tourists who visit Nechschwanstein annually and significantly replenish the budget of these lands. As for spiritual values, this castle became a source of inspiration for P.I. Tchaikovsky. Under the influence of what he saw, the composer created the ballet "Swan Lake". And visitors to Paris Disneyland recognize familiar features of Neuschwanstein in the fairy castle of sleeping beauty.
2. Primary castle
In Slovenia, you can visit, perhaps the most unusual castle. It is a grand construction that blocks the entrance to a huge cave 123 meters high. It creates a complete feeling that the castle is part of the rock. We are talking about the famous location of the castle, located 10 km from the town of Postojna. Cognition of Slovenian language, the name of the castle of questions does not cause. The thing is that the Slovenian "Yama" is a cave. Looking at the location of the castle, you realize that this name suits him as it is impossible. You can get into the lock both through the central entrance and using a set of secret moves. Secret caves allowed the inhabitants of the castle for a long time to keep the siege. After all, through secret lazes, it was imperceptible to the enemy to leave the lock limits. After a thorough restoration in 1990, the location of the castle opened its doors for numerous tourists. And the most inquisitive can be explored not only the castle, but also wander through the caves that performed in the medieval function of secret moves.
1. Shampor.
Someone to be closer to your beloved woman, is in a hurry to buy a plane ticket or train, and someone decides to build a castle. Surprisingly, it is precisely the prehistory of the castle of Shambor. French King Francis I, in order to be not far from his beloved Countess Tour, climbs a grand construction. About 2 thousand people worked on the construction of the castle without a small three decade. The castle stands on 12-meter oak piles, as the soil under it is not hard, swampy. Sophisticated conditions did not interfere with grand construction. In 1547, the castle of Shambor, consisting of 426 rooms, 282 fireplaces and more than 7 tens of stairs was completed. But the love nest for Francis I did not become a chamb. The owner visited the castle only a few times, hunting in the forests nearby. It seems that the feelings did not stand the test of time, because such a grand construction is an unprecedented matter. After the death of the first owner, the castle changed a lot of owners. Today, Shambo is the state ownership of France, and one of the most popular tourist facilities of the country.
Considering the photos of locks, the most difficult to choose the one that I want to visit before the rest. Have you already made your travel route by castles?
Contrary to popular belief, the oldest fasteners can not boast of Europe, but asia and the Caucasus. Forbes has chosen nine places where you can look at to one degree or another, the preserved fortress, compared to which medieval - Novodel. As a rule, with the word "fortress", first of all, associations with medieval, Western Europe, Teuton and other knights arise. Such associated fortresses associated with all listed fortresses - Romanesque and Gothic - in Europe Pond Pond, and everything is clear with them. As for the fortresses of truly ancients, then it is sacrificed under the word "fortress" means one and a half preserved walls, or even several stones at all. For someone, it will be disappointment to find that the declared attraction is just the ruins, and someone has the fact that these are the ruins of something that was built before our era will cause the desire to travel on the journey only for them.
Aleppo
Where is: Syria, Aleppo in Syria in one of the most ancient cities in the world of Aleppo there is a fortress of the same name. The construction of its first walls began in 944 of our era. The fifty-meter hill itself, on which the fortress stands, was already inhabited in the III Millennium BC. e. The fortress was built for 13 years, and then came the period impressive by its scale of development and fortress, and the city itself. So far, as usual, the mongola invaders did not come, so the walls of Aleppo got much. Restoring and strengthening the fortress after their first raid, in the XIV century, residents of the city were forced to defend themselves again from the Mongols. Finally, in the XV century, Mongols returned again, after chapter with Tamerlane. In addition to the attempts of the Great Timur, the fortress survived the conquest of Ottomans, the invasion of the Crusaders and a lot more. And in 1828, the earthquake destroyed the fortress of Aleppo so much that it still restores it.Koloa
Where is: Vietnam, Hanoi
Koloa Fortress is where until 207 BC. e. There was a kingdom of Aulak, founded by the Holiday Tribes - Auvietas and Lacquets. Now it is a suburb of Hanoi. Aulak became the second vital state - the first was Vanlang, the capital of which captured the Auwieth of the Academy of Sciences Zyong Vyong, who created aulak and became his first ruler. He unfolded all this activity at the time when Vedlanov was vulnerable, and the Chinese's intentions to take Vieta lands became particularly serious. So thanks to the first and only king auulak, freedom of vietnis from the Chinese lasted for 50 years longer than it could, but in the end the Chinese still captured the northern possessions of Vietov, and then aulak. The legend states that the defeated Academy of Sciences Zyong Otong committed suicide to the river from the wall of his fortress: the preserved remnants of Koloa walls and now reach 12 meters in height. Maiden Castle
Where is: United Kingdom, Dorset
The so-called Maiden Fortress, which arose in the Iron Age - so an ancient structure that only formally relate to the fortresses in the usual meaning of the word. In fact, this is the era of the era of the Neolithic strengthening of the era of the Neolithic, which is pivi and mound, which was subsequently improved by people of subsequent eras. The second generation of Maiden's inhabitants came to these places around the 20th century BC; By their forces, the length of the embankments increased to 546 meters. But rebuilding Maiden's settlement, this generation of residents soon left him. The third change of the inhabitants in Maiden appeared around the III century BC. e. Then the fortifications were first lined with the inside of the tree, and later, in the first century, a stone. Soon at the settlement attacked the Romans, destroyed his inhabitants, settled there themselves and built a real castle in Miden, to the present day, the truth that was not clear. Odjarma
Where is: Georgia, Sagarezho district, Ojarma village
Ojarma is a village in the municipality of Sagarezho, located on the route from Tbilisi to Telavi. In the very distant past, the city is the fortress, part of the Kartli state, one of the first states in the territory of modern Georgia. Although almost all Georgia can be considered an archaeological reserve, the Fortress Ojarma deserves special attention. He founded it, according to the chronicles, the king aspahur, he is Varaz-Bakur, the protege of the king of Persia Shapur, in the III century BC. In the X century, the fortress was destroyed by the Arabs and in the XII was restored by the king of George the third - well-preserved buildings with such a long history there are not so much. And the main thing, the chronicles say that it was in Ojarma that the Holy Nino set one of the three crosses, signing the adoption of Christianity in Georgia. Inkataka
Where is: Bolivia, Valley of the Chunga Maya
Detected quite recently, in April of this year, the ruins of the fortress in the area of \u200b\u200bIlyamani Mountains were puzzled by archaeologists. The fact is that the discovery turned out to be double: the remains found fortresses that are so well preserved that they are not necessarily called the remnants of them, not necessarily not connected with any of those known in the days of ancient civilizations. Nakhodka - And this is not only a fortress, but also a few more buildings, including the temple, - for those living in this area of \u200b\u200bthe Indians surprise, of course, did not: they were known about the existence of the Citadel. Scientists have now suggest that civilization, whose representatives built this fortress, in the history of Andean cultures standing between the Incas and the Tiwanaki preceding them. The unexplored culture was called in honor of the river, in the valley of which the Nakhodka - Chung Maya is located. Janbas Cala
Where is: Uzbekistan, Karakalpakstan (sovereign republic as part of Uzbekistan)
Khorezm, the most powerful ancient state, occupied the territories belonging to modern Uzbekistan, Karalypakstan and Turkmenistan. Before in the V century, the capital was transferred to Urgench (in our days - the Uzbek city), the Khorezma Center was in Karakalpak lands. There is also a large number of preserved buildings of early Khorezm - in the area called the Elixcal, which, by the way, is translated as "fifty fortresses." 50 unavailable fortresses here, of course, do not count, but archaeological objects as such about 300 in this area. Many of them are monuments of Zoroastrianism, as, for example, the fortress of Janbas-Cala, whose residents have confessed this religion. Built in the IV century BC, Janbas Cala was inhabited by the I century. er, when, as scientists consider, the settlement was captured inside the walls of the fortress and destroyed by nomads. Erebuni
Where is: Armenia, Yerevan
Erebuni Fortress, standing near Yerevan on the Hill Arin-Berd, was built during the heyday of the state of Urartu - in 782 BC. There was no stronger than the state in the anterior Asia, and Tsar Urarta Argishti I only did that he expanded the territories of his kingdom, grabbing the ladded pieces of neighboring lands, including in the Ararat Valley. The power of URARTU was submolded by Assyrians, but Erebuni, like Teishebaine - another URRA city fortress, whose ruins are also in Armenia, "survived a long history of the struggle of Urantians and Assyrians. Destroyed the URART kingdom steppe tribes - Scythians, Kimmerys and Midths. Erebuni and surrendered at all without a fight: Urantians simply left him, while taiting Teishebaine. For the descendants, it turned out to be a good act: since Erebuni, unlike Teishebaine, nobody stormed and did not like, even painting on the walls of the fortress. Asandra
Where is: Ukraine, Crimea, Sudak
Not far from Sudak stands Mount Karaul-both. On the cliff in its foothills there are ruins of the walls of the fortress of Asandra - perhaps the oldest in the territory of Crimea. The fortress is named after the Bosporian king of Asandra, who in 46 BC. e. Fully captured the power over the kingdom after the previous ruler of the Bospore Farnak rashly chosen him with his governor, and he himself went to conquer Rome. Historians have enough grounds for assume that it was Asandra who began the construction of this fortress, which was necessary for the Bosporus kingdom to protect against marine pirates. By about 2500 square meters. M Square of the fortress was located garrison of the number, allegedly 100 people. Oddly enough, despite the scale of the fortress ruins, they found them only in 1982 an archaeologist Igor Baranov and his expedition. Rurikova Fortress
Where is: Russia, Old Ladoga
With regard to the history of old Ladoga, a lot of discrepancies. What is most reliably, so this is the fact that the first buildings at this place appeared until 753 and they were erected by scandinals, and in the 760s their settlement was demolished by Ilmeni Sloves. Slondes to change, if you believe historians, in the 830th Varyagi came. As for what happened after that, as well as in all that is associated with Varyags, disagreements begin in the sources. According to one of the versions, Rurik was called upon the reign at first in the laugh and only then moved to Novgorod. True, this is or not, but the Ladoga fortress is called Rurikova. Perhaps in Ladoga, the prophetic Oleg is buried - and again, it is unknown, is it or still the grave of Oleg in Kiev. They built a fortress in the 870s, but in 997 she was destroyed by the son of the Norwegian ruler of Khakon Mighty Eic. In 1114, the fortress rebuilt anew, already from the stone, and in 1495 it was thoroughly strengthened. Still, medieval architects were geniuses - they built castles, luxurious structures that were also extremely practical. Castles, unlike modern mansions, not only demonstrated the wealth of their owners, but also served as powerful fortresses, which could hold defense for several years, and at the same time lives in them did not stop.
Even the fact that many castles, surviving wars, the blows of the elements and the carelessness of the owners, still stand entire, says that the housing is not invented. And they are insanely beautiful and as if appeared in our world from pages of fairy tales and legends. Their high spiers are reminded of times when the beauties were fighting for the hearts, and the air was impregnated with knight and courage.
Castle Rayhsburg, Germany
The thousand-year castle was originally a residence of King Germany Conrad III, and then King France Louis XIV. The fortress was burned by the French in 1689 and would have sunk in the fly, but the German businessman acquired her remains in 1868 and spent most of his wealth to restore the castle.
Mont-Saint-Michel, France
Swallow nest, Crimea
At first, a small wooden house was located on the cliff of Cape Ai-Todor. And the current appearance of the "swallow nest" received thanks to the oil industry by Baron Steingeel, who loved to relax in the Crimea. He decided to build a romantic castle, which resembles medieval structures on the banks of the Rhine River.
Castle Stalker, Scotland
Castle Stalker, that in translation means "falcon hunter", was built in 1320 and belonged to the McDugal clan. From this time, his walls experienced a huge number of strip and wars, which affected the condition of the castle. In 1965, the owner of the castle became Colonel D. R. Stewart from Allvard, who personally, together with his wife, family members and friends restored the structure.
Castle Bran, Romania
Bran Castle is the pearl of Transylvania, the Mysterious Fort Museum, where the famous legend about the column Dracula - Vampire, a murderer and the governor Vladzhesh was born. According to legend, he spent the night here during the periods of his campaigns, and the forest surrounding the castle Bran was a favorite place to hunt the chain.
Vyborg Castle, Russia
The Vyborg Castle was founded by the Swedes in 1293, during one of the Crusades to Karelian Earth. He remained Scandinavian until 1710, when the troops I threw the Swedes far and for a long time. From this time, the castle managed to both be a warehouse, and a barracks, and even a prison for the Decembrists. And nowadays the museum is located here.
Castle Cachel, Ireland
Cashel Castle was the residence of the Kings of Ireland a few hundred years to the Norman invasion. Here in the V century n. e. He lived and preached Holy Patrick. The walls of the castle witnessed the blood suppression of the revolution by the troops of Oliver Cromwell, who burned soldiers alive here. Since then, the castle has turned into a symbol of the cruelty of the British, the present courage and the resistance of the spirit of the Irish.
Cylkurne Castle, Scotland
Very beautiful and even a little terrible ruins of Kilhurn castle are located on the shore of the picturesque lake Eyv. The story of this castle, unlike most castles of Scotland, proceeds quite calmly - there were numerous graphs here, which replaced each other. In 1769, the building suffered from the impact of lightning and soon it was finally left, how remains to this day.
Likhtentein Castle, Germany
Built in the XII century, this castle was destroyed several times. He was finally restored in 1884 and from those castle became the place of filming for many films, including for the painting "Three Musketeers".
