The Russian airline Sukhoi Civil Aircraft, together with foreign companies, has developed a modern short-haul passenger airliner - Sukhoi Superjet 100 (Sukhoi Superjet or SSJ).
It is worth noting that this aircraft model has received EASA - an international certificate that confirms the use of this airliner by all airlines of the world and Europe, which recognize the EASA principles as a standard.
Also SSJ 100-95B is the first passenger aircraft in Russia that meets all European requirements for noise level.
Aeroflot is the main consumer of this model airliners. The airline operates 10 different Sukhoi Superjet models on its routes, out of 22 in existence today.
To begin with, let's take a look at the configuration of the Sukhoi Superjet 100-95V airliner and note both the best and worst seats on the plane.
The first three rows seats are located in business class. All seats are quite comfortable, with the exception of seats A, C and F, D in the first row.
There is a partition in front of the 1st row, because of which there is slightly less legroom than in the other rows of the same class.
Seats 6 to 20 row are economy class seats. Seats A, C, D, E, F of the sixth row are the most comfortable and comfortable in their class. The listed seats have earned the title of the best economy class seats due to the free space in front of the seats and the most convenient location.
The places of the last row ( 20th row) should be given special attention. It is in this part of the aircraft that the differences between the complete sets of the AA and AF airliners are observed.
In configuration AA behind 20, closets and technical rooms are located nearby, so the seats of this row either do not recline at all, or their folding function is very limited. In addition, people will constantly walk near the toilets, and sometimes a line of them will form. These places can be called inconvenient.
In configuration AF - the distance from the last row to the bathrooms is slightly increased. In addition, row 20 seats are absolutely indistinguishable from other economy class seats. Although, walking past you will not stop.
Note: If you are not sure which aircraft you will fly, select the last row only if there are no other options.
- Check out the required aircraft configuration on the Aeroflot website;
- Choose good places for yourself, taking into account the above recommendations;
- If you have any difficulties in choosing tickets, seek advice from qualified representatives of the company.
Experimental design bureau P.O. Sukhoi until 2000 was engaged in the development of exclusively military aircraft. The fighters created at this enterprise are known all over the world and are in great demand among buyers from various countries. All the more unexpected were the first reports that the Sukhoi designers had begun designing a civilian aircraft.
In 2008, this liner made its first flight, and today more than a hundred of these aircraft are used by various airlines. This, of course, is quite a bit against the background of thousands of Boeings and Airbuses, but no other Russian-made aircraft has been able to achieve even such indicators.
The history of the development of the passenger airliner Sukhoi Superjet 100
In the mid-80s of the last century, Soviet passenger aircraft began to look outdated against the backdrop of the latest Western airliners. The gap did not look hopeless, it could still be overcome. Almost all leading design bureaus already had projects of new generation aircraft, which were supposed to replace honored "aviation veterans" on the internal and external lines. Unfortunately, after a few years, little of these plans remained.
Yak-42 is the only Russian-made short-haul aircraft built and flown in relatively large numbers after the collapse of the USSR
In the 90s, the Russian aviation industry degraded. The aircraft were literally produced by the piece, the factories turned into warehouses for Turkish and Chinese consumer goods, and foreign "investors", happily rubbing their hands, took out design and technological documentation. In addition, the demand for domestic flights fell sharply: in the first two years of "reforms" alone, the number of passengers decreased fourfold. In these conditions, the revival of the aviation industry was not even dreaming of.
The Sukhoi Corporation, unlike many other aircraft manufacturing companies, survived the "dashing 90s" relatively well, mainly thanks to the sale of fighters to various countries of the world. In 2000, the management of this company for the first time raised the issue of diversifying production and creating an airliner for transporting people over short or medium range.
This initiative met with support from the new top political leadership of Russia, which was determined to end the total collapse of industry. However, it was clear from the outset that the newly baked Sukhoi Civil Aircraft company would not be able to cope with the project alone. The development of the engines was entrusted to the French company Snecma, a significant part of the instrumentation was created by the specialists of the S.V. Ilyushin, and for the successful promotion of the aircraft to the world market, assistance from the American concern Boeing was used.
The project, created by the engineers of the Sukhoi corporation, was recognized in 2003 by representatives of Rosaviakosmos as deserving state funding. Then the future aircraft was called RRJ (Russian Regional Jet). At the same time, other projects of short-haul airliners were considered, including the Tu-414 developed by Tupolev, however, the victory remained with Sukhoi.
It was decided to organize the assembly of new aircraft in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, where the necessary production lines were prepared for this. The official demonstration of the prototype of the airliner, renamed SSJ100, i.e. Sukhoi Superjet 100, was held at the end of September 2007. Eight months later, the first flight of the new Sukhoi took place, and a year later this regional aircraft was shown at Le Bourget during the annual aviation show.
The first buyer of this aircraft was the Armavia company, registered in Armenia. She received the SSJ100 airliner in April 2011, and from that moment the commercial operation of the Superjet began. The largest customer remains Aeroflot.
As of July 2020, more than 190 SSJ aircraft were built, however, not all of them are in use: according to various sources, no more than 116 operate regular flights. There are also a number of open contracts for the supply of liners.
Aircraft design description
According to its aerodynamic design, the SSJ airliner is not original: a single-fin tail with a "lower" elevator placement, a swept wing with two engines fixed under it. This gives the aircraft a rather "typical" appearance. True, the SSJ does not have the wingtips characteristic of the Airbus, but in the future, as expected, these structural elements will appear on it.
The aircraft is controlled using a side stick - a side stick that replaced the traditional steering wheel. The pilots are assisted by two on-board computers, which, as was initially believed, cannot fail at the same time.
Composite materials are used in aircraft construction, but rather limited. Fairings are made of them, as well as a number of wing mechanization elements.
Tactical and technical characteristics
The main parameters of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 airliner are as follows:
Flight characteristics
The performance of the Superjet can be summarized in a table:
The price of one Superjet in 2015 was about US $ 26 million.
Description of the interior layout
The interior layout of the Sukhoi SSJ100 may seem unusual to many passengers, especially to those who have never flown a short-haul aircraft. The main thing that catches your eye is the asymmetry of the seating arrangement. In economy class, they are installed in a 2x3 scheme - on the left side in each row there are two seats, then a passage, and three more seats on the right side. A similar layout was previously used for the American Boeing-717 airliner, which coincides with the Sukhoi in terms of capacity and flight range.
It should be noted that the internal layout of the SSJ-100 cabin may differ slightly for different airlines. The basic version assumed the presence of 100 economy class seats in a single cabin. Occasionally, the two left-hand seats in the front row were removed, reducing the capacity to 98 people.
A more comfortable option assumes accommodation of 12 business class seats and 75 economy class seats. The most spacious modification allows you to carry up to 103 passengers in the cabin with reduced intervals between the rows of seats.
There are three toilets on board. One of them is located to the left of the central longitudinal axis of the aircraft, just behind the cockpit. The second is also on the left, behind the last row of economy class seats. The third toilet is located at the very rear of the cabin - the central passage rests against it.
Location of seats
Three rows of business class seats are installed at the front of the airliner. Directly in front of them is a bulkhead separating them from the office space and the toilet. The seating is traditional - 2x2.
Economy class seats are arranged in a 2x3 layout. They take up the bulk of the interior space. There is a possibility of installing a stretcher - for this, the last three rows on the left side of the cabin are used.
The best places
The highest level of comfort for Superjet passengers is provided, of course, in business class. In addition, the seats located in the 6th row of the main part of the cabin are highly appreciated - these are the seats located immediately behind the partition. They even have a special name - Space. It should be borne in mind that tickets for these seats will be more expensive than for all others.
Worst places
The most uncomfortable seats on the Superjet are located in the last row of Economy Class. They are directly adjacent to the toilet. As a result, passengers are constantly interfered with by other people. In addition, in the basic configuration, the backs of the seats in the last row do not recline, which also does not contribute to comfort.
It is noted that in the first row of the business class there is a certain lack of free space due to excessive proximity to the front service bulkhead.
Advantages and disadvantages
From the passenger's point of view, the Superjet is most likely the most ordinary aircraft. It is quite comfortable for its class, and the flights do not last long. Therefore, the pros and cons of the liner are actually experienced by the airlines.
The list of the main advantages is as follows:
- The aircraft has comfortable and modern control;
- "Superjet" can be serviced at any airfields, it does not require large hangars and long lanes;
- Very low price. One such airliner is at least three times cheaper than, for example, an Airbus A319, which is used on the same routes;
- Low engine noise;
- Economical fuel consumption.
There are also disadvantages to the car, and for some buyers they have already outweighed the merits. The main disadvantage is poor, if not disastrous, after-sales service. The manufacturer cannot cope with the timely release of the required number of repair kits.
This leads to constant SSJ downtime and low flying time.
There are other drawbacks:
- Excessively high share of imported components. This has already led to the failure of the contract for the supply of aircraft to Iran, since the United States simply refused to supply the necessary structural elements;
- General unreliability of many auxiliary systems and devices. Frequent breakdowns, albeit not affecting flight safety, have become the real curse of this liner;
- Insufficient engine life. It turned out to be several times lower than the stated one, which caused a lot of criticism from airlines that have already bought Superjets.
Currently, the developers of the SSJ-100 are trying to fix the most significant shortcomings of the machine, however, it is not yet clear how long this process will take.
Flight safety
Of the 191 SSJ100 aircraft, three were lost in accidents. In two cases this resulted in significant human casualties. The first crash occurred on May 9, 2012, when an airliner, performing a demonstration flight, crashed into a mountain. All 45 people on board were killed.
The second tragedy received the most widespread media coverage. On May 5, 2020, the Sukhoi Superjet, which took off from the Moscow Sheremetyevo airport, was forced to return after the simultaneous failure of both on-board computers. The rough landing led to a fire that killed more than half of the passengers (41 out of 78) and completely destroyed the plane itself.
The incident at Sheremetyevo caused huge damage to the image of the SSJ100, which was already not ideal. Despite the fact that the aircraft commander was apparently the culprit of the disaster, many experts were extremely unhappy with the failure of the on-board electronics, which were not sufficiently protected from atmospheric electricity.
The countless minor breakdowns of engines and auxiliary systems of the aircraft, which have become a constant phenomenon over the years of Superjet's operation, also do not contribute to safety.
Basic aircraft modifications
Already during the period of the design work, it was envisaged that the SSJ100 would be produced in various versions, implying some changes in the main performance characteristics of the liner. In total, at least eight different modifications were designed, the most promising of which are two - Sukhoi Superjet 100 95 LR and 100 95 SV.
Sukhoi Superjet-100-95LR
Operation of this version of the aircraft began in March 2014. Its main difference from the basic version is the increased flight range, which has been increased to 4576 km. This was achieved by installing more efficient engines. At the same time, the fuel supply remained the same, but the take-off weight increased slightly, which affected the length of the vehicle's run. The rest of the characteristics have been preserved.
Sukhoi Superjet-100-95SV
This modification of the "Superjet" should noticeably change the appearance of the aircraft, since it is expected to increase the length of the fuselage and wing area. This will increase the number of passengers on board to 125, and the takeoff weight will increase by 10 tons. There is still little information on the steps for the practical implementation of this project, although the initial plans provided for the start of commercial operation in 2020.
Whatever the further development of the "Superjet" may be, today we can say that it played a certain positive role. Thanks to the work on the creation of this liner, Russian designers and production workers have gained significant experience in designing modern passenger aircraft. Given the almost complete loss of Soviet developments, this is very valuable. The difficult fate of the SSJ-100, in addition, can serve as a good lesson for the political leadership of the country, because it once again shows how easy it is to destroy and how difficult it is to restore the civilian aircraft industry.
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Sukhoi Superjet 100 (Russian Sukhoi Superjet 100, abbreviated SSJ 100) is a modern Russian short-haul passenger aircraft developed by Sukhoi Civil Aircraft with the participation of a number of foreign companies.
The aircraft is built according to the normal layout - a twin-engine turbofan low-wing aircraft with a swept wing and a single-fin tail. Single-slot flaps are used in the supercritical wing design. Part of the wing mechanization, as well as the nose cone and the wing root cone, are made of composite materials.
The flawless cockpit is equipped with intuitive control systems developed in conjunction with the pilots. The SSJ100 is the first 100-seat aircraft to feature a full fly-by-wire (FBW) system. It has been specifically designed to optimize handling, reduce crew workload, and maximize fuel efficiency.The Superjet 100 uses algorithmic tail-touch protection, eliminating the need for mechanical shock absorbers.
Salon SSJ-100 is high, spacious and has a fairly wide aisle between the seats. The luggage racks have a record volume in their class (50 liters). The passenger seats are arranged according to the 2 + 3 scheme, and there is enough distance between them to freely stretch the legs of even a very tall passenger. The Sukhoi Superjet 100 can take on board 98 passengers and transport them up to 3,000 km.
SSJ 100 has received the international EASA certificate. This means that the aircraft can be used by all European and world airlines, in which EASA principles are adopted as a standard. In the spring of 2011, the first production aircraft SSJ100 entered service.
Airlines operating the aircraft: CityJet, Interjet, Lao Central Airlines, Aeroflot, Azimut, Gazpromavia, IrAero, RusJet, Center-Yug, Yakutia, Yamal ".
The location and numbering of seats in the cabin, the scheme of seats on the Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft. Better and less comfortable seats on the plane
0 -95V Aeroflot Airlines
Aeroflot is the main operator of this airliner. It has over 30 SSJ 100 aircraft in its fleet.
- Business class front rowslightly less legroom than the rest of the rows. This is due to the presence of a partition. Since the partition is very thin, you can hear everything that happens behind. Therefore, these places are slightly worse than other places of the same class.
Nevertheless, the business class seats are the most comfortable seats in the aircraft cabin. The row spacing is 1.5 times greater than in economy class. There is where to stretch your legs and relax. The chairs are wider and softer. There are 12 such places in total.
- Economy class first places (6th row)- the most comfortable seats in this class. There is a lot of free space in front of the seats.
20 row in AA configuration - immediately behind the last row there is a toilet and a utility room. Chairs in this row do not recline, or have a significant limitation in this. Also, there is always someone walking near the toilets, and sometimes even a queue forms. Very inconvenient places.
20 row in configuration AF -a little better. The toilet is located at some distance from the chairs and they are no different from the usual standard seats. Although they will not stop walking beside you.
The layout of the cabin, the best and less comfortable seats on the Sukhoi Superjet 10 0 airlines "Azimut"
Azimut Airlines uses two layouts for aircraft layout, each is a mono show.
Scheme No. 1 20 rows (2X3) with a capacity of 100 passengers.
Scheme No. 2
21 rows with a capacity of 103 passengers. In the plane, the 1st row - 3 seats (only D, E, F), the remaining rows - according to the scheme 2-3.
Seats with letters A and F are located at the windows, C and D at the aisle.
The first three rows of seats
are available at the Comfort rate. These seats are separated by a partition from the main compartment, and there is increased legroom.
In these places, special placement with the creation of their own cozy space and a feeling of spaciousness for the passenger: a two-seat unit - 1 seat is provided to the passenger, the adjacent seat remains free, a three-seat unit - 2 seats are provided to passengers, 1 seat in the middle of the block remains free. Hot meals on these aisles are provided for flights over 4 hours, if the flight is less than 4 hours - light snacks. Soft drinks, tea / coffee are available throughout the flight.
The best seats are in the 1st row. Next, in terms of convenience, are the seats at the windows. Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft have a rather narrow aisle, so queues at the toilet and the movement of stewards with a trolley may create slight inconveniences for passengers who have got seats with letters C and D. The seats in the last row do not recline.
Emergency exits are located aft and tail of the aircraft. Toilets are also located on both sides of the aircraft.
Photo of the aircraft cabin Sukhoi Superjet 100 of Azimut Airlines
Flight performance
Maximum speed: 950 km / h
Cruising speed: 830 km / h
Flight range: 3050-4578 km
Liner capacity: economy class - 95-98 passengers
- The uniqueness of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 family of aircraft lies in the fact that the latest technologies are applied not only in the aircraft itself, but also at all stages of its creation - from design to assembly, which, in turn, guarantees the creation of a modern aircraft that meets the requirements of the world market.
- Sukhoi Superjet 100-95V is the first Russian passenger aircraft to be tested for compliance with European noise level requirements.
- The designers preferred the side stick to the traditional steering wheel, with the result that the Superjet-100 became the first Russian serial civilian passenger aircraft with a sidestick.
Work on the Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft began in March 2003. It took off on its first test flight in May 2008. Factory tests ended 4 months later, in October, after which the next stage began, required for the certification of the liner. For the first time, the plane took off on a flight with passengers on April 21, 2011. The Sukhoi Superjet 100 short-haul aircraft became the first in the family. Its modification "Superjet" (LR - Long Range) is distinguished by an increased take-off weight and a longer flight range of 4578 kilometers. For the first time, the aircraft of this modification took off in 2013.
Another modification of the "Sukhoi Superjet 100 SV" has an elongated fuselage. This will allow the liner to carry more passengers. Work on the creation of this model began in 2015 and is scheduled for completion in 2018.
By the end of 2017, the number of aircraft manufactured had reached 110, with more than 90 Superjets sold to airlines. These aircraft are operated in Russia, Mexico, Ireland, Armenia, Laos, Indonesia, Thailand.
Sukhoi Superjet is used poorly by Russian airlines. For a number of reasons, it takes at least 2 months to wait for spare parts. At the same time, spare parts for foreign-made aircraft are provided within 24 hours. Because of this, a significant part of the aircraft is idle.
In 2015, the total flight time of these 25 airliners at Aeroflot was about 9,000 hours. The airline "Gazprom avia", which has 10 superjets, 1400 hours. That is, on average, each plane was in the air for a maximum of 25 minutes per day. For comparison, an indicator characterizing the work of "Boeing 737" is given. On average, everyone is in flight up to 15 hours a day.
Best and worst seats in the cabin
The layout of the Superjet's cabin is made according to a scheme in which 12 seats are provided for business class and 75 for economy class. That is, the total number of passengers is 87. Of course, more amenities are available where business class seats are located. Here the chairs themselves are somewhat more comfortable. They are both wider and softer. The disadvantage is that the existing partition separating passengers from the economy class here is too thin. It does not provide a high level of sound insulation.
The best seats in both classes are in the front row. In business class this is the 1st row, in economy class it is the 6th. The advantage here is that there are no seats in front, which means that passengers do not recline their backs, causing some inconvenience to those sitting behind.
Another plus is that there is more legroom here, which is quite comfortable on a long flight. In addition, passengers in these aisles are the first to receive food and refreshments. In addition, staying farther from the middle of the cabin, where there is almost always noise due to communication between passengers, is also an additional convenience.
The best places include those in the other rows, marked in the diagram A and F. These places are located at the windows. For this aircraft, they are quite large, conveniently located, and provide a good overview.
Since all of the seats in Business Class are always better than in Economy Class, there is little need to dwell on them. We can only add that in addition to the convenience due to the increased softness of the seats and their greater width, there is such a plus as the distance between the rows. It is one and a half times more than in economy class.
Passengers behind the partition that separates business class from most of the cabin find themselves in somewhat cramped conditions. Although the spacing between the rows meets the standards, passengers with a high height are still uncomfortable here.
A serious minus is present in places C and D of the 19th row. There is a lot of traffic of those who go to the toilet. In addition, flight attendants are constantly working in the aisle. This also creates inconvenience for the passengers who are here.
The seats located in the 20th row are recognized as the most uncomfortable. The kitchen and toilet are located at a short distance. Passenger traffic is the most intense here. To a greater extent, place D, located next to the entrance to the kitchen area, is not convenient. The difficulty here is that almost every time the trolley with which the flight attendants pass through the cabin, serving passengers, hits either the seat or the passenger. And this is still rather unpleasant.
Pros and cons of the plane
Among the advantages of the aircraft are the latest design solutions and new technologies. Suffice it to mention that the developers took into account the requirements of the FAA (US Federal Aviation Administration) and EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency). In addition, in the course of the work, the requirements and wishes of those who operate the aircraft and are potential customers of the Superjet were taken into account.
The advantage of the new airliner is that it can land and take off on runways A, B, C. This becomes possible both due to its design features and due to the fact that it uses a modern avionics system. Due to this system, the landing of the liner is possible in adverse weather conditions.
Currently, the "Superjet" does not have any flaws that could arise in its design. Of course, they were at the first stage. However, everything that could negatively affect the aircraft was revealed during its tests. What could not be detected immediately was eliminated within two years (2011 - 2013), that is, in the first years of operation.
Still, some flaws remained. They refer to living conditions. Among them are the insufficient width of the aisle, somewhat increased noise in the cabin, which creates discomfort for some passengers. Business class passengers have an inconvenience - poor sound insulation from the rest of the cabin due to the thin partition.
These shortcomings are more than compensated for. The liner has an unprecedented security system. It uses algorithmic protection to prevent touching the GDP. It is more efficient than mechanical shock absorbers.
Characteristics
Length: 29.94 m.
Height: 10.28 m.
Wingspan: 27.80 m.
Wing area: 77 m2 2.
Fuselage width: 3.24 m.
Cruising speed: 830 km / h.
Maximum speed: 860 km / h.
Flight range: 3048 km.
Number of passenger seats: 87.
Crew: 2 h.
Conclusion
Summing up, it can be noted that even with the existing shortcomings, the Sukhoi Superjet is a good aircraft. It can provide transportation of passengers for both short and long distances. Although the dimensions of its cabin are inferior to those of the Airbus A-380, its spaciousness corresponds to this class of airliners.
The existing security system and modern avionics ensure high reliability. At the same time, the cost of the aircraft, in comparison with analogues, is significantly lower. We can say that this airliner is another stage on the way to a new generation of aircraft. And his performance allows him to be recognized as the best among the representatives of this class.
Calculating the cost of a taxi to the airport
Sukhoi Superjet 100 (Sukhoi Superjet 100) is a short-haul passenger airliner of Russian production. Designed and manufactured by Sukhoi Civil Aircraft, it has been used on commercial flights since 2011.
Currently, Sukhoi Superjet aircraft fly not only in Russia. Foreign operating companies include CityJet (Ireland), Interjet (Mexico), ArmAvia (Armenia), Sky Aviation (Indonesia), Lao Central Airlines (Laos).
Typical Cabin Configuration of Sukhoi Superjet 100
The layout of the cabin may differ according to the choice of airlines, but the difference is not as striking as on large long-haul aircraft, the equipment of which offers more options for accommodating comfort zones and regular seats.
Aeroflot
Aeroflot's Sukhoi Superjet 100-95B fleet is huge: 42 airliners of this model are used on flights.
Aeroflot's Sukhoi Superjet scheme is the same for all aircraft:
- Business class (Aeroflot has the best Sukhoi Superjet seats): rows 1-3, a total of 12 seats, arranged according to the scheme 2-2;
- Space + seats (increased comfort in economy class): 6th row, 5 seats according to the scheme 2-3;
- The usual seats in Economy Class are 70 seats from rows 7 to 20, the layout is 2-3.
Toilets on board 3: 1 in front of the aircraft on the left side, 2 in the rear.
The worst seats are considered to be at the end of the cabin (row 20) and each average in a three-seat block (in the diagram from Aeroflot, these are all E seats).
Gazprom avia
The Gazprom avia airline operates a modification of the Sukhoi Superjet 100LR.
On the official website, the carrier does not provide the layout of the passenger compartment. However, it is known that the main part uses a typical arrangement of seats for the Sukhoi Superjet cabin - according to the 2-3 scheme.
IrAero
IrAero's air fleet includes RRJ-95B (basic type) and RRJ-95LR-100 (modification with increased range); in total, 8 Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft fly on regular flights.
Depending on the layout and modification of the board, the aircraft can accommodate 93 or 103 passengers.
Basic scheme:
- Business class - rows 1-3, 12 seats arranged in pairs;
- Economy class - rows 6-20, seating arrangement - 2-3.
In the Sukhoi Superjet 100 economy class, the best seats are located at the beginning of the cabin - on row No. 6. The least successful seats in the cabin are standard - every middle seat in a block of 3 seats and all seats at the end of the cabin - near toilets and far from exits.
Azimuth
Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft are the backbone of the Azimut airline's air fleet, based in Rostov-on-Don.
The aircraft fleet of the young air carrier includes 8 Sukhoi Superjet 100 aircraft, 7 of which were delivered new directly from the Yuri Gagarin Aviation Plant. The RA-89036 aircraft was previously operated by the Yamal airline.
Rostov Azimut uses two layouts for aircraft layout, each is a mono-salon, but seats on rows 1-3 are available at the Comfort rate.
Scheme No. 1
- The total number of places is 100;
- The number of rows - 20;
- The layout diagram for all rows is 2-3.
