In the very south of South America, separated from the mainland by the Strait of Magellan, lies the Tierra del Fuego archipelago, consisting of one large island bearing the same name, and a large number of small, islets, almost all of them are uninhabited. The islands are divided between Argentina and Chile.
Tierra del Fuego attracts tourists with its unusual harsh nature and proximity to Antarctica. Tourist trips to the ice continent regularly start from here.
The main tourist center of the island is the young city of Ushuaia, founded in 1884 by members of the Argentine expedition. At the beginning of the 20th century, a prison was built here, the prisoners of which became the first inhabitants of the city.
Today it is a tourist center with an international airport and all related services. This southernmost city in the world is often called the “end of the world”.
How to get there
Most travelers arrive in the city by plane. There are direct flights from Buenos Aires to Ushuaia International Airport. Travel time is about 3.5 hours. There is also a direct flight from El Calafate. The airport is located near the city. There is no special route connecting them, but you can quickly and inexpensively take a taxi.
You can also get here by car or bus. There is no direct flight from the capital, you need to get there with a transfer via Rio Gallegos, from where the journey will take about 36 hours.
Transport
Mostly taxis and buses.
Communication and Internet
There are three mobile operators: Claro (America Movil), Movistar (Telefonica), Personal (Telecom Argentina). SIM cards of Russian operators work, but roaming is very expensive. You can buy a local SIM card in the salons of the operator or his representative. This requires a passport and telephone. For more details, see the article about.
Resting places
The harsh climate does not allow swimming in the ocean. But on the coast, in the bays of Lapataya and Ensenada, you can admire huge albatrosses and petrels.
Treatment in the city
There are no clinics and sanatoriums here. Tourists who come here can enjoy clean air and natural beauty.
What to bring
Tierra del Fuego souvenirs are common - woolen knitwear, chocolates and handicrafts made from local raw materials. In addition, Ushuaia is a tax-free zone, so you can buy a lot of goods here at very low prices. There are several breweries in Ushuaia that make good beer.
What and where to eat
Typical local dishes are lamb and black hake, as well as king (Kamchatka) crab. All this can be tasted in one of the many restaurants.
You cannot eat the shellfish found on the local beaches - they are poisonous due to the red tide.
Entertainment and attractions
Almost all sights here are of natural origin. One of the most important is the Tierra del Fuego National Park with an area of 63 thousand hectares. It is located on the border with Chile. The relief here is predominantly mountainous, and in the valleys you can see many rivulets and glacial lakes. It has preserved rare species of trees and animals: beavers, red foxes, otters.
In summer, you can go hiking and skiing in winter. There is a ski resort 30 km from the city, where you can ski from June to October.
Monthly weather in Ushuaia (land of fire)
The weather here is very changeable and depends on the prevailing winds. Sometimes it changes several times a day. The average January temperature is about 10ºC, although sometimes the air warms up to 23ºC. At this time, you can observe white nights here, when the day lasts until 18 hours. The coldest months of the year are July and August with an average temperature of + 1ºC. Spring is usually very windy.
|
month |
day air temperature ° C |
air temperature at night ° C |
water temperature ° C |
|---|---|---|---|
| +15 | +6 | ||
| February | +14 | +5 | |
| March | +12 | +4 | |
| April | +10 | +2 | |
| May | +6 | 0 | |
| June | +5 | -1 | |
| July | +5 | -1 | |
| August | +6 | -1 | |
| September | +9 | 0 | |
| October | +11 | +2 | |
| November | +13 | +4 | |
| December | +13 | +5 |
Detailed map of Ushuaia (Tierra del Fuego)
What climate is Tierra del Fuego in? and got the best answer
Answer from Condorita [guru]
Temperate maritime climate
We carefully look at the map. According to Alisov's classification, there is no other climate there
Due to the proximity of Antarctica and high air humidity, the snow line begins almost from the sea surface.
Source:
Answer from Zinaida[guru]
The climate of Tierra del Fuego is very humid, with the exception of the extreme east. The archipelago is constantly exposed to the harsh and humid southwestern winds. In the west, up to 3000 mm of precipitation falls per year, with drizzling rains prevailing, which last 300-330 days a year. In the east, the amount of precipitation drops sharply.
Temperatures are low throughout the year, and seasonal fluctuations are insignificant. We can say that the Tierra del Fuego archipelago is close to the tundra in summer temperature, and to the subtropics in winter.
The climatic conditions of Tierra del Fuego are favorable for the development of glaciation. The snow border in the west is at an altitude of 500 m, and the glaciers drop directly into the ocean, forming icebergs. The mountain ranges are covered with ice, and only a few sharp peaks rise above it.
Answer from Tata[guru]
The climate of Tierra del Fuego is a subpolar oceanic climate with short, cool summers and long, humid, moderate winters: the average rainfall is 3,000 mm
Cold and humid weather helps preserve ancient glaciers.
The southernmost islands have a sub-Antarctic climate typical of the tundra, which makes tree growth impossible.
Some areas within the region have a predominantly polar climate.
Areas in the world with climates similar to those of southern Tierra del Fuego are the Aleutian Islands, Iceland, Alaska and the Faroe Islands.
Answer from 2 answers[guru]
Hey! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: In what climate is Tierra del Fuego?
- The address: Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
- Telephone: +542901421315
- Foundation date: October 15, 1960
- Total area: 630 sq. km
- Height above sea level: 600 m
- Category: IUCN II (National Park)
- Nearest town: Ushuaia
- Working hours: daily from 10:00 to 17:00
- Entrance cost: 140 pesos
Tierra del Fuego National Park (Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego) is one of the greatest parks on the planet. To find out which country Tierra del Fuego belongs to, look at the map of South America: there you can see that Tierra del Fuego is located in the south. It is located nearby, and territorially the park is part of.
Climate
Tierra del Fuego is located in a temperate climate zone, the main features of which are heavy rainfall, frequent fogs and gusty winds. The rainy season lasts from March to May. In summer, the air warms up to + 10 ° C. In winter, thermometers rarely record above 0 ° C. The average annual temperature in Tierra del Fuego is + 5.4 ° C.
Opening of the park
The first visitors visited here on October 15, 1960. 6 years later, the territory of Tierra del Fuego in Argentina was increased, and today it is 630 square meters. km. The uniqueness of the reserve lies in the fact that it is the first park on the planet, set up on the seashore. It includes Lakes Roca and Fagnano, as well as part of the Beagle Channel.
Unusual name
Why was the Tierra del Fuego National Park so named? There is a legend according to which the Indian tribes, who noticed the ships of the explorer Fernand Magellan, lit hundreds of fires on the coast. Hence the name of the park - "Tierra del Fuego" appeared.
Flora and fauna of Tierra del Fuego
The gigantic area of the park is a natural habitat for countless plants. The most common in the reserve are notofagus: Antarctic, birch, dwarf; physalis, barberry, crowberry and others. More than 20 species of mammals and 100 species of birds have become the inhabitants of the park. Red foxes, guanacos, geese, condors, parrots and other representatives of the fauna are considered especially valuable here.
Tourist routes
The organizers of the park have taken care of the varied in the territory of Tierra del Fuego. Routes for beginner tourists include trekking along the banks of the rivers La Pattaya, Owando, a walk to the Black Bay. Experienced hikers can head to the Beagle Channel, Lake Roca or Mount Guanaco, which is 970 meters high.If walking is not suitable for you, there is an opportunity to rent mountain bikes, ride horses, go on a boat cruise. Be sure to bring your camera to take some photos in Tierra del Fuego park.
How to get there?
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The sun's rays, passing through transparent bodies, heat them very weakly. For this reason, direct sunlight almost does not heat the air of the atmosphere, but heats the surface of the Earth, from which heat is transferred to the adjacent layers of air. As the air heats up, it becomes lighter and rises up, where it mixes with the colder air, in turn heating it.
As it rises upward, the air cools. At an altitude of 10 km, the temperature is constantly at around 40-45 ° C.
The decrease in air temperature with height is a general pattern. However, an increase in temperature is often observed as it rises. This phenomenon is called temperature inversion, that is, by permutation of temperatures.
Inversions arise either with the rapid cooling of the earth's surface and adjacent air, or, conversely, with the flow of heavy cold air along the slopes of the mountains into the valleys. There, this air stagnates and displaces the warmer air up the slopes.
During the day, the air temperature does not remain constant, but changes continuously. During the day, the Earth's surface heats up and heats up the adjacent air layer. At night, the Earth radiates heat, cools, and air cools. The lowest temperatures are observed not at night, but before sunrise, when the earth's surface has already given up all the heat. Similarly, the highest air temperatures are not established at noon, but around 15:00.
At the equator diurnal temperature variation monotonous, day and night they are almost the same. The diurnal amplitudes are very insignificant in the seas and near the sea coasts. But in deserts during the day, the surface of the earth often heats up to 50-60 ° C, and at night it often cools down to 0 ° C. Thus, the daily amplitudes here exceed 50-60 ° C.
In temperate latitudes, the greatest amount of solar radiation arrives at the Earth on the days of the summer solstices, that is, June 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and December 21 in the Southern Hemisphere. However, the hottest month is not June (December), but July (January), since on the day of the solstice, a huge amount of radiation is spent on heating the earth's surface. In July (January), radiation decreases, but this decrease is compensated by the strongly heated earth's surface.
Similarly, the coldest month is not June (December), but July (January).
At sea, as the water cools and heats up more slowly, the temperature shift is even greater. Here the hottest month is August, and the coldest is February in the Northern Hemisphere and, accordingly, the hottest is February and the coldest month is August in the Southern Hemisphere.
Annual amplitude temperatures are highly dependent on the latitude of the place. So, at the equator, the amplitude remains almost constant throughout the year and is 22-23 ° C. The highest annual amplitudes are typical for territories located in mid-latitudes in the interior of the continents.
Any area is also characterized by absolute and average temperatures. Absolute temperatures established by long-term observations at meteorological stations. So, the hottest (+58 ° C) place on Earth is in the Libyan desert; the coldest (-89.2 ° C) is in Antarctica at Vostok station. In the Northern Hemisphere, the lowest temperature (-70.2 ° C) was recorded in the village of Oymyakon in Eastern Siberia.
Average temperatures defined as the arithmetic mean of several thermometer indicators. So, in order to determine the average daily temperature, measurements are made at 1; 7; 13 and 19 hours, i.e. 4 times a day. From the figures obtained, an arithmetic mean is found, which will be the average daily temperature of a given area. Then the average monthly and average annual temperatures are found as the arithmetic mean of the daily average and monthly average.
On the map, you can mark points with the same temperature values and draw lines connecting them. These lines are called isotherms. The most indicative are the isotherms of January and July, i.e., the coldest and warmest month of the year. The isotherms can be used to determine how heat is distributed on the Earth. At the same time, clearly expressed patterns can be traced.
1. The highest temperatures are observed not at the equator, but in tropical and subtropical deserts, where direct radiation predominates.
2. In both hemispheres, temperatures decrease from tropical latitudes to the poles.
3. Due to the predominance of the sea over land, the course of isotherms in the Southern Hemisphere is smoother, and the temperature amplitudes between the hottest and coldest months are less than in the Northern.
The great navigator Fernand Magellan, during his first voyage around the world in 1520, not only discovered the strait later named after him, connecting the Atlantic with, but also gave the name to the archipelago located south of the South American mainland. The fires of the Indians, constantly burning on the islands, he took for volcanic vents and called the archipelago Tierra del Fuego. At the end of the 16th century, Sir Francis Drake, on the orders of the English crown, went to Tierra del Fuego and discovered that the island was not, as was commonly believed, a single whole with the southern continent. Since then, on all maps of the world, Tierra del Fuego began to be designated as an island. Following the British, the Spaniards settled here, who built the first settlement in the Strait of Magellan - the city of Ushuaia. Its name in the language of the Indians means "city in the depths of the bay". Modern Ushuaia is still one of the few large settlements in the archipelago. In the late 70s of the XX century, a conflict arose between Chile and Argentina over territorial claims to the Beagle Strait, which separates the main island of the archipelago from the southern islands and serves as the border between the states. However, thanks to the mediation of the Vatican, the war was avoided.
Despite the fact that the population of the archipelago has grown several times over the past 25 years, only 3.4 people per km 2 live on this southern tip of the American continent.
Archipelago Tierra del Fuego
Tierra del Fuego is not only the name of the island. This is the name of the entire archipelago, which, in addition to the main island, includes a huge number of small islets located near the shores of Patagonia on the southern edge of America. Tierra del Fuego is separated from the mainland by the Strait of Magellan - one of the most important, but at the same time the most dangerous sea routes in the world. It connects with Tikhiy, allowing sailors to avoid an extremely dangerous voyage around Cape Horn. The territory of Tierra del Fuego is divided between two states. Argentina owns the southern part of the main island, on which the Tierra del Fuego national park is located, everything else belongs to Chile. In the north of Tierra del Fuego, the flora is not much different from the vegetation of Patagonia, further to the south the landscape becomes more and more scarce. The mountain peaks of the Cordillera system (some of them reach an altitude of 2500 m) are covered with glaciers. Because of the cool climate and abundant rainfall, Tierra del Fuego can hardly be called a resort area, but despite the not very favorable weather conditions, more and more people come to these calm islands, dreaming of escape from the hustle and bustle of civilization.
general information
It is part of two states - Argentina and Chile.Languages: Spanish, Indian dialects.
Currency: Argentine and Chilean pesos.
Religion: Catholicism.
Largest cities: Porvenir (Chilean territory, 5600 inhabitants), Ushuaia (11000 inhabitants) and Rio Grande (35000 inhabitants) are located in Argentina.
Largest islands: Tierra del Fuego, Oste, Santa Ynez, Navarino.
Numbers
Area: 73 753 km 2 (the area of the largest island is 47 000 km 2).Population: 251,000 people.
Population density: 3.4 people per km 2.
Highest point: Mount Johann (2469 m).
Length of the Strait of Magellan: 580 km.
Climate and weather
Oceanic, cool.Strong winds.
sights
■ The cities of Porvenir, Ushuaia and Puerto Williams.■ National Parks of Tierra del Fuego and Alberto de Agostini.
■ Migratory birds in San Sebastian Bay.
Curious facts
■ The Beagle Channel is named after the ship that Charles Darwin sailed on. In 1830, the famous Englishman conducted important research on Tierra del Fuego, which formed the basis of evolutionary theory.■ Travelers whose journey along the Trans-American Highway ends in Tierra del Fuego can immortalize their names on the world's southernmost parking lot on a special plaque.
■ Ushuaia, one of the few large settlements in Tierra del Fuego, is the southernmost city in the world. For six months in the south of Tierra del Fuego, day reigns: it is dark here only five hours a day.
