The name "Golden Ring" was given to the largest network of tourist routes in Russia, which pass through several ancient cities of the country. A huge number of historical and architectural monuments, museums, craft centers of applied folk art are concentrated in large and small settlements. Such a peculiar name was invented by correspondent Yuri Bychkov, who specializes in writing essays for travelers who want to get to know Russia better.
What is the "Golden Ring of Russia"
There has never been an officially approved list of cities and attractions included in the "Golden Ring". It is believed that the main regions where the route passes are: Moscow, Tverskaya, Vladimirskaya, Kostromskaya, Yaroslavskaya, Ivanovskaya. At the same time, the list is periodically updated with new names and today the small "Golden Ring" includes:
Ivanovo
The city was founded on August 2, 1871. The settlement was formed by order of Tsar Alexander II by the merger of Voznesensky Posad and the village of Ivanovo. As a result, a countryless city was formed, which today is considered part of the "Golden Ring". Ivanovo is famous for its textile production, and local linen and chintz fabrics became famous far beyond the borders of the country. Historians claim that Finno-Ugric tribes lived in this area as early as the ninth century. The most popular tourist attraction in the city is the local Zoo.
Rostov the Great
The city is considered a diamond in the "Golden Ring" setting. Rostov the Great has been celebrating his birthday for more than eleven centuries, and for the first time in the annals its name was mentioned in 862. Rostov has long been the spiritual center of the Russian lands and for more than 500 years it was considered the most beautiful, cultural and developed in the country, for which it was given the prefix "Great". If you happen to be here, be sure to visit the one of a kind Rostov Kremlin.
Suzdal
For the first time the name of the city was mentioned in the "Tale of Bygone Years", in the XI century, since then the number of temples, monasteries, cathedrals, hermitages and churches in Suzdal every year has increased exponentially. Local attractions are the hallmark of Russia and are featured on the pages of popular print media. The most interesting places to visit are the Pokrovsky Monastery, the Suzdal Kremlin, the Nativity Cathedral and Pushkarskaya Sloboda.
Kostroma
The cozy and quiet Volga city amazes everyone who is lucky enough to be here with its original beauty. Since the beginning of the 12th century Kostroma has been known as the center of linseed and birch bark production. The modern city boasts many objects that have come down to us in excellent condition.On the streets of Kostroma, you can see both buildings erected according to the classic projects of the 16th century, and examples of Russian architecture, monasteries of the 16th-19th centuries. Today, more than three dozen jewelry factories function in Kostroma, so it is not surprising that the city bears the title of the country's jewelry capital. The most popular excursion sites are considered to be the Ipatiev Monastery, a moose farm, a zoo, the Museum of Wooden Architecture and a jewelry factory.
Bogolyubovo
A small village located in the vicinity of Vladimir is known for the fact that there is one of the most revered Russian shrines - the church with the sonorous name of the Intercession on the Nerl. The name of the settlement was given by the name of Andrey Bogolyubsky, who was killed here. From those times, the princely chambers have survived, the remains of fortresses with ramparts, moats and towers, the construction date of which dates back to the 12th century. Tourists are most often offered to explore another attraction - the Holy Bogolyubsky Convent.
Kasimov
It is considered one of the most ancient cities of the Ryazan region and is famous for numerous monuments of architecture and history. Kasimov was founded in 1152, the original name is Gorodets Meshchersky. Countless times the settlement was destroyed and plundered, but it was invariably rebuilt by local residents. A museum dedicated to the Russian samovar, a mosque, Cathedral Square will be interesting to see.
Alexandrov
The old name is Aleksandrovskaya Sloboda. Contemporaries know this settlement as the residence of the great and terrible Tsar Ivan the Terrible, where he killed his heir in a rage, after which he left the city and never returned here. Over time, the settlement became more and more and turned into Aleksandrov, which today is part of the Vladimir region. To this day, on the streets of the city, you can find amazing witnesses of that time: palaces, merchant estates and objects erected under various rulers. The most famous is the local Kremlin and the monument to Alexander Nevsky.
Located in the center of the European part of Russia, the city of Voronezh is a rather remarkable Russian city that attracts travelers with ...Gus-Khrustalny
The city was founded in the 18th century by the famous dynasty of the Maltsov merchants, who for a long time cherished the dream of creating high-quality crystal production on the Gus River. Gradually, Gus-Khrustalny became more and more, its borders expanded and glass factories were erected everywhere, which can be visited even now. The modern name of glass products "Gus-Khrustalny" has become a recognizable brand in Russia, and you can get acquainted with the works of local masters in the Crystal Museum.
Plyos
Nowhere else in Russia can one find such fascinating river landscapes as here. Most of the famous Levitan's paintings were painted on these shores; Ilya Repin came here for inspiration. And today many of our compatriots and foreign guests come to admire the magnificent pictures of Russian nature.
Uglich
In the Ipatiev Chronicle, Uglich was mentioned in the XII century. The small and compact town is famous for its picturesque landscapes and numerous buildings that have been preserved in perfect condition. Once in these places the Rurik family found its last refuge, giving way to the Romanov dynasty. You can visit the Epiphany and Alekseevsky monasteries in Uglich.
Shuya
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The main sightseeing object of the town is the wooden Resurrection Cathedral with a bell tower 106 meters high. In addition to the temple, here you can visit a dozen ancient churches and the ruins of a prison castle, built in the 16th century.
Dmitrov
A fortress was built on the site of modern Dmitrov in the XII century, which Yuri Dolgoruky laid. Since then, many events have taken place in the city, one of which was the successful operation of Operation Typhoon, designed to stop the Nazi invaders on the outskirts of the capital. The guides recommend visiting the majestic Dmitrovsky Kremlin and the elegant Borisoglebsky Monastery.
Noisy, huge, ancient Moscow, thanks to its history, is rich in various sights and interesting historical places. Impossible to study ...Rybinsk
It is located on the banks of the large Rybinsk Reservoir and is known as a fishing and hunting center. Rybinsk has a deep layer of industrial and commercial heritage, and only here you can see the old hunting rows, guest houses, stock exchanges, breweries, barns, a fire tower, as well as the Transfiguration Cathedral.
Gorokhovets
Almost from the day of its foundation Gorokhovets became the center of trade. Goods from all over the region flocked here, and Vladimir merchants considered it an honor to bring their products here. Today Gorokhovets is the center of the uniquely beautiful wooden Russian architecture, and the magnificent Kazan Church of the 18th century, made in white and blue colors, is considered the central object.
Kalyazin
First, a monastery appeared on this place, then a settlement began to settle down with it, and the 15th century is considered the official foundation of Klyazin. The only attraction of the town is the flooded bell tower, around which in 1940, as a result of a technological tragedy, a large reservoir was formed.
Myshkin
A classic Russian city with wooden buildings decorated with carvings and patterns. The houses in Myshkin resemble toy houses, and the art of the masters who have created attractive shutters and fences shakes a modern person to the core. The provincial simplicity and outlandish appearance of the city attracts crowds of tourists here every year, and the Mouse Museum is considered the most interesting attraction.
Tutaev
The town is located in the Volga region and is famous for its excellently preserved temple complex. The attraction is located on seven hills and therefore looks rather unusual. Tutaev is famous for the Sunday Cathedral and for its souvenirs from sheep skins. Local leatherworkers have long made fleece, from which fur coats were sewn throughout Russia.
Murom
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For the first time, the city of Murom was mentioned in the tale of bygone years. According to legend, it was in this city that the Russian hero Ilya Muromets was born, who defended the Oka from the bloodthirsty Polovtsians. During the reign of Catherine Murom, it became a flourishing trade center, where merchants brought their goods and sold them at numerous fairs. Orthodox Christians know Murom as a city where the relics of two righteous people - Peter and Fevronya - are kept. Today you can visit the active monasteries - Voskresensky, Annunciation and Spaso-Preobrazhensky.
Yuriev-Polsky
It was also founded by Yuri Dolgorukov, who created powerful fortifications on the banks of seven-meter walls and huge ramparts. The defensive structure has survived to this day, and outside the fortress, a small town began to gradually develop, which became famous after the stay of the Golitsyn dynasty. The city has many interesting sights, including the St. George Cathedral, the prince's estate.
Palekh
It is considered the cradle of Russian icon painting and mastery of lacquer miniatures. The whole world is famous for bright and colorful boxes, caskets, painted trays, cutlery, powder boxes and chests, which are stored in the best museums and private collections around the world. It is almost impossible to leave Palekh without a fancy souvenir.
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In 1967, art critic Yuri Bychkov, on the instructions of the newspaper "Soviet Culture", traveled in his "Muscovite" to the cities of the Vladimir region to write a series of articles about the trip. In the end, he decided not to return along the same path, but to drive through Yaroslavl, thereby enclosing his route in a ring. A series of his travel notes was published under the title "The Golden Ring". This is how the famous route from 8 cities appeared: Sergiev Posad - Pereslavl-Zalessky - Rostov the Great - Yaroslavl - Kostroma - Ivanovo - Suzdal - Vladimir.
“Falling into thought, wandered around Moscow. The weather was contrasting with five sunny days of a recent trip - the sky was clouded with a gray veil. I lifted my eyes up, and my gaze met the dome of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower, melting in the ghostly height, gilding through a curtain of drizzle of rain dust slowly falling from the sky. How shocked: "Golden!" This "gold" immediately connected with the road. It turned out - "The Golden Ring".
Yuri Bychkov
SERGIEV POSAD
The only city in the Moscow region as part of the Golden Ring. Its main attraction is the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. There are about fifty white stone buildings, which were built over four centuries by the best architects of the country. So it is unlikely that it will be possible to see them all in one excursion.
The relics of St. Sergius of Radonezh are kept in the Trinity Cathedral, and hundreds of pilgrims flock here every day. The cathedral is famous for its horizontal iconostasis, which was created by an artel of craftsmen led by Andrei Rublev. On one of the doors of the temple, there is a hole from the core - a trace from the siege of the monastery by the troops of False Dmitry II.
The old Abramtsevo estate is located in the vicinity of the city. Here Nikolai Gogol read to the owners of the estate, the Aksakov family, the second volume of Dead Souls; Valentin Serov wrote The Girl with Peaches, and Andrei Tarkovsky filmed some scenes of Solaris.
As a souvenir from Sergiev Posad, you can bring a Bogorodsk toy - a carved wooden bear or a colorful bird - which is set in motion by a secret mechanism.
PERESLAVL-ZALESSKY
Six monasteries and nine churches can be seen in the city on the shores of Lake Pleshcheyevo. Among them there is the Transfiguration Cathedral, in which, according to legend, Alexander Nevsky was baptized. The decoration of the temple differs from the majority of Russian churches in asceticism: there is practically no decor, a minimum of frescoes. An exception is a copy of the icon "Transfiguration" by Theophanes the Greek over the marble altar.
Be sure to visit the Pleshcheevo Lake itself. It was here in the 17th century that Peter I began the construction of the "amusing flotilla", the progenitor of the entire Russian fleet. Today the "Boat of Peter I" is open here - a museum, where the only boat "Fortuna" that has survived from the times of Peter the Great is exhibited. There is also a Blue Stone on the lake - it was used during rituals by the pagan Slavs. When it rains, the color of the stone changes from gray to blue - hence the name. Tourists make a wish at the Blue Stone and, to make it come true, tie a bright ribbon to a nearby bush, and leave a coin on the stone itself.
ROSTOV THE GREAT
One of the oldest cities in Russia was mentioned in the Tale of Bygone Years - in the chronicle of 862. Rostov adorns the Kremlin of the 17th century, which was built not to protect the city, but as the residence of the metropolitan. Leonid Gaidai made him famous throughout the country: the main characters of the film "Ivan Vasilyevich Changes Profession" ran away from the chase along the passages of the Rostov Kremlin.
The Kremlin ensemble houses the Assumption Cathedral - one of the most beautiful churches in Russia. Its architectural style is in many ways reminiscent of the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. According to legends, the father of the hero Alyosha Popovich was the abbot of this cathedral. The famous Rostov belfry with fifteen bells is also located near the cathedral. The largest of them - and the most major in sounding - "Sysoy". It weighs 32 tons - it takes two ringer to rock this giant.
Rostov the Great is famous for traditional Russian cuisine. Tender dumplings stuffed with pike - the main treat of local cafes and restaurants in Russian style - can be called a favorite of city guests.
YAROSLAVL
The first step in Yaroslavl is to go to the historical center of the city to the Church of Elijah the Prophet. The elegant facade of this temple with snow-white walls, green domes, carved arches and colorful platbands has survived to this day almost in its original form. Also survived are old frescoes and a baroque carved iconostasis of the 17th century. However, for visitors to the temple museum, they are open only in the warm season: damp and cold weather can cause irreparable damage to images.
IVANOVO
"Moscow and Ivanovo ... were built anew", - wrote Mayakovsky. Indeed, there are not so many ancient buildings in the city, and the oldest of them is the stone Shchudrovskaya tent. The miniature pre-Petrine chambers now house the department of the Ivanovo Museum of History and Local Lore.
There are many more examples of architectural constructivism in the city. For example, the residential "House-Ship", built in 1930 by the architect Daniil Fridman. The building really resembles a ship in shape thanks to the rounded walls and beveled end. The panoramic glazing of the first floor imitates the water on which the house "floats".
One of the largest museums in the city is the Ivanovo Chintz Museum. Almost half a million samples of textiles are collected here - from ancient homespun cloths to the most modern factory samples. The museum also houses an exhibition of works and sketches by the famous native of Ivanovo - fashion designer Vyacheslav Zaitsev.
SUZDAL
The Suzdal Kremlin was built in the 10th century, and, surprisingly, almost all of its main buildings have survived to this day. Including the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin with a special dome of deep blue with gold stars. The ensemble of the Kremlin also includes the Bishops' Chambers: in ancient times these stone buildings were used as residential and utility rooms, and today they house an exhibition dedicated to the history of the region.
The Suzdal Open-Air Museum of Wooden Architecture contains authentic buildings of the 17th – 18th centuries. Peasant huts, merchant houses and even mills are open to the public. Museum staff recreated their interior to the smallest detail.
The Shchurovo Settlement Museum is a reconstruction of a settlement of the ancient Slavs. In 2008, she became the scenery for the film "Tsar" by Pavel Lungin. Today, in the interactive museum, visitors are introduced to the life of the inhabitants of ancient Suzdal, taught to bake bread in a real oven, shoot a bow and hold a sword correctly.
VLADIMIR
Vladimir for two centuries was the nominal capital of North-Eastern Russia. It was here, in the Cathedral of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos, that the Grand Dukes were married to reign. This temple was built to store the icon of the Vladimir Mother of God, which was considered the patroness and defender of the state. Today the Assumption Cathedral is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Its white-stone walls are covered with frescoes of the finest work - among them there are works by Andrei Rublev.
The Vladimir Golden Gate was built in the XII century by Andrey Bogolyubsky. He wanted to show that the city is not inferior to Kiev in terms of influence and wealth. The gate has become not only a beautiful architectural monument, but also a powerful defensive structure. They withstood the onslaught of the Tatar hordes during the siege of the city of Batu.
Also on the flooded meadows near Vladimir is one of the most famous Russian churches - the Church of the Intercession on the Nerl. The graceful temple looks light and weightless thanks to the combination of narrow and elongated decorative elements. The walls of the church are decorated with story carved reliefs. The central motive of three of them was the king David seated on the throne, surrounded by lions and doves.
The most famous tourist route in Russia is called the "Golden Ring" for a reason. The route leads through the oldest Russian cities, where the most ancient sights - cultural monuments, historical sites - have been preserved. The term “Golden Ring” appeared more than 30 years ago thanks to essays in the newspaper “Soviet Russia”. There are eight main cities in the Golden Ring, which you will learn about in this topic. If you look at the cities on the map, it becomes clear why the tourist route was named that way, the cities are located in a kind of ring to the north-east of Moscow
They say that the best way to understand and get to know the great Russia is to drive along its Golden Ring. The cities of the Golden Ring keep the historical and architectural monuments of Ancient Russia. The Golden Ring includes eight cities - Sergiev Posad, Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov the Great, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ivanovo, Suzdal and Vladimir. Later, several more cities were included in the list, but this list has not yet been approved and is controversial. The route along the “Golden Ring of Russia” is suitable for any season. Traveling along the Golden Ring provides an opportunity for everyone who is interested in the history, culture and present day of Russia to get to know its ancient capital and other cities on which the past centuries have left their mark 
Gold ring of Russia and its history is very eventful. Many books are devoted to the history of the Golden Ring, but at the same time, the history is very tragic - due to the indifference and indifference of people, due to active construction, many unique sights, cultural and historical monuments have been completely lost. Nevertheless, most of the monuments have been preserved and are protected by UNESCO and the Russian state.
The Golden Ring is famous for its masterpieces of folk art. In the museums of many cities, samples of old art crafts are collected: wood and bone carving, products of skilled lace makers and jewelers, lacquer miniatures and enamel painting and much more. If you are going on a trip along the Golden Ring of Russia, then you should devote at least two days to get to know each of the cities. The most convenient way to travel along the route is by your own car, finding a hotel will not be difficult, but you will not be tied to any of the excursion routes, which are compiled in a hurry, and do not allow you to know all the beauty of the Golden Ring. 
All stages of the development of ancient Russian architecture are represented in the cities of the Golden Ring of Russia: the majestic white-stone temples of the 12-13 centuries, the tent buildings of the 16th century, the buildings of the 17th century, the creations of the architectural and pictorial schools of Rostov, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Vladimir. 
So, in more detail about each of the cities included in the Golden Ring .. Let's start with Rostov the Great, as it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. Rostov the Great is the most popular city of the Golden Ring. The immense cultural potential of the city has made it one of the largest centers of tourist pilgrimage. Rostov is included in a special program of interaction between the Council of Europe and Russia for the preservation of historical and cultural heritage. The significant past of Rostov determined its saturation with monuments of history and culture. One of the most important monuments is the very landscape of the lake basin and the surrounding area, rich in archeological monuments. The sights of Rostov the Great, in particular the buildings of the former Bishops' House of the 17th century, have become classics of not only Russian, but also world art. - Rostov Kremlin.
The stone and wooden buildings of Rostov of the 18th-20th centuries are of colossal value. The Rostov bells are the property of world culture - a set of musical works of the 17th-19th centuries, inseparable from the outstanding musical instrument - the famous Rostov belfry. Each of the 13 bells of the belfry, from the largest, weighing 32 tons, to the smallest, sounds in a special way. 
The next city in the Golden Ring of Russia is Sergiev Posad. The city is famous primarily for the ensemble of the monastery of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, consisting of more than 50 buildings. The earliest construction in the monastery is the cross-domed Trinity Cathedral of white stone, built in 1422 on the site of the wooden church of the same name; one of the few surviving examples of Moscow white-stone architecture of the XIV-XV centuries. The architectural ensemble of the Lavra gradually formed around the Trinity Cathedral. It was built by the successor of the founder of the monastery Nikon "in honor and praise" to the Monk Sergius of Radonezh, and laid in the year of the glorification of the latter as a saint. The famous Russian icon painters Andrei Rublev and Daniil Cherny worked on the iconostasis of the cathedral; for this iconostasis, Rublev painted the icon "Holy Trinity".
All the sights of Sergiev Posad are in one way or another connected with the Trinity-Sergius Lavra. They were either part of it, or they are to this day. The city is truly unique and attracts tens of thousands of tourists every year 
Pereslavl-Zalessky is famous for one of the first white-stone temples of North-Eastern Russia, which have come down to us almost completely preserved. IN Gold ring of Russia Pereslavl-Zalessky is included due to its rich historical and cultural heritage. The sights of Pereslavl-Zalessky include the monuments of church architecture: six architectural complexes of monasteries and nine churches. In the center of Pereslavl there is a city rampart that surrounds the historic center of the city. The Rybnaya Sloboda stretches along the Trubezh River. The archaeological site "Kleshchinsky complex" is located 2 kilometers north-west of Pereslavl; the center of the complex is the ancient city of Kleshchin, from which the ramparts of the 12th century have survived. The object of worship of the pagans has survived - the Blue Stone, a large dark blue boulder weighing 4 tons. 
Yaroslavl is the oldest city in the Golden Ring of Russia, one of the most beautiful cities in the Volga region. On the territory of Yaroslavl there are 140 architectural monuments and sights. The brightest sights of Yaroslavl are the Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery, the Church of Elijah the Prophet and the Tolgsky Monastery. Since 2005, Yaroslavl has been one of the 23 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Russia according to criteria II - the development of the center of Yaroslavl that took shape in the 17th-18th centuries is an outstanding example of mutual cultural and architectural influence between Europe and Russia, and IV is a vivid example of the urban planning reform of Empress Catherine Great, carried out across Russia between 1763 and 1830.
Kostroma is also a part of the Golden Ring of Russia. In the old part of the city, the historical structure of the planning has been preserved (the general plan of the city was approved by Empress Catherine II in 1781). The basis of the city's planning is formed by the ray grid of streets, the center of Kostroma is revealed in relation to the Volga. The most significant of the monuments of Kostroma is the Ipatiev Monastery, founded in the 1330s. Also interesting in Kostroma are the Epiphany-Anastasinsky Monastery and the Trading Rows 
Have you ever heard about the city of brides Ivanovo? If you have not heard, then you have not yet had a chance to travel along the Golden Ring of Russia. Architecturally, Ivanovo is known primarily for monuments dating back to the era of constructivism (30s of the XX century): this is a ship house, a horseshoe house, etc. A large number of historical and revolutionary monuments have been built in Ivanovo, giving the city an original flavor. The historical center of the city is interesting, consisting mainly of former merchant houses of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Industrial architecture of the 19th century is also of some interest. (in the city, several textile factories dating back to this period have survived almost intact, but free access is limited). Other attractions include the Shchudrovskaya tent, which was built in the 17th century, and the complex of the Svyato-Vvedensky nunnery, the main part of which dates back to the early 20th century. If you are wondering why Ivanovo was nicknamed the city of brides, then this is another story that has nothing to do with the Golden Ring. You can find out about this at the link above 
The famous city of Suzdal is also part of the Golden Ring of Russia. The city of Suzdal is a state and UNESCO protected museum. The oldest part of the city is the core of Suzdal - the Suzdal Kremlin. The Kremlin has preserved the earthen ramparts and ditches of the ancient fortress, several churches and the ensemble of the bishop's court with the ancient Nativity Cathedral. At the place where the museum "Suzdal Kremlin" is now located, once, in the XII century, Suzdal began to be built 
Vladimir is also included in the approved list of cities in the Golden Ring. There are 239 state-protected buildings of the 18th-19th centuries in Vladimir. Among the sights of Vladimir are the Vladimir-Suzdal History and Art Museum-Reserve - a museum that combines the expositions and interiors of the Assumption and Dmitrievsky Cathedrals, the Old Vladimir Museum, the military-historical exposition in the Golden Gate, the Stoletovs' House-Museum, the Crystal, Lacquered miniature, embroidery "in the Old Believer Trinity Church, etc. 
You can learn more about each of the cities of the Golden Ring by using the links in the topic. The Golden Ring is the pride of Russia. All the culture of our ancestors, all our historical heritage is concentrated here. Our task is to understand how important it is to preserve such places for the future, to teach our children a dignified attitude towards the history of our homeland.
December 8, 2010 at 18:24:12 | Categories: Places, History, Architecture
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Cities on Klyazma
There are such large cities as Dolgoprudny, Shchelkovo, Korolev, Losino-Petrovsky, Noginsk, Pavlovsky Posad, Orekhovo-Zuevo, Sobinka, Vladimir, Kovrov, Vyazniki, Gorokhovets on the river.About 1.7 million people live along the banks of the river. And in the river basin - over 3.3 million.
Dolgoprudny - a city of regional subordination in the Moscow region of Russia, located 18 km north by rail from the Savyolovsky railway station in the city of Moscow on the Klyazma river. It is adjacent to Moscow in the north, to Khimkam in the north-east and to the Northern District of Moscow in the west; from the north and west limited by the Moscow channel. The city included at different times the village of Khlebnikovo, the village of Paveltsevo, the working village of Sheremetyevsky, located in the north behind the Moscow Canal. Population (2011) - 91.3 thousand people. (2010 - 84.4 thousand people, 2004 - 74 thousand, 1991 - 71.1 thousand, 1970 - 53 thousand, 1938 - 8 thousand)
Shchelkovo - city-district subordination in the Moscow region of Russia. The administrative center of the Shchelkovsky district. The largest settlement of the municipal formation "Urban Settlement Shchelkovo". Population - 108,056 people (2010). City area - 28.10 km². Located 13 km north-east of Moscow, on the Klyazma River. Railway stations Sokolovskaya, Voronok, Shchelkovo, Gagarinskaya, Chkalovskaya, Bakhchivandzhi, within the city on the Mytishchi-Monino line, Yaroslavl direction. On the southeastern outskirts of the city there is a military airfield Chkalovsky.
Korolev - (founded on December 26, 1938; until July 8, 1996 - Kaliningrad) - city-regional subordination in the Moscow region of Russia, science city (from April 12, 2001). Forms the city district of the same name. Population - 183 398 people (2011). Korolev is often unofficially called the space capital of Russia. Korolev cooperates with 52 cities from 26 countries of the world in the field of economy, education, culture, healthcare and trade. Forests within the city occupy an area of \u200b\u200b3800 hectares. Also within the city is a part of the tract "Yauzsky water-bog complex".
Losino-Petrovsky - a city of regional subordination in the Moscow region of Russia, 24 km north-east of Moscow, on the Klyazma River. Located 3 km from the railway station Monino. Name before 1928 - Losinaya Sloboda. Until 1996, the city was part of the Shchelkovsky district, at the present time it is an independent municipal entity "Losino-Petrovsky City District". It borders on the Shchelkovo-Noginsk districts of the Moscow region. Population 22.4 thousand people (2010).
Noginsk -city in Russia, the administrative center of the Noginsk district of the Moscow region, the largest settlement of the municipal formation "Urban Settlement Noginsk". Population - 99,762 people (2010 census). The city is located on the Klyazma River (a tributary of the Oka), 51 km (35 from the Moscow Ring Road) east of Moscow, on the northwestern border of the Meshchera Lowland.
Pavlovsky Posad - a city in the Moscow region, the center of the Pavlovo-Posad region. Located at the confluence of the Vokhnaya Klyazma rivers, 68 km east of Moscow. It is part of the municipal entity "Urban Settlement Pavlovsky Posad". Population - 63.7 thousand people. (2011). The city is famous for its textile industry, primarily for the production of Pavlovsky Posad shawls and shawls.
Orekhovo-Zuevo - a city of regional subordination in the Moscow region of Russia, 89 km east of the center of Moscow (78 km from the Moscow Ring Road), on the Klyazma River. A junction of railway lines Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod and Aleksandrov - Kurovskaya. It is the center of the Orekhovo-Zuevskaya agglomeration with a population of 276 thousand people. Population 121.1 thousand people (2010).
Cockerels - a city in the Russian Federation, the administrative center of the Petushinsky district of the Vladimir region, forms the municipal formation "City of Petushki". Population 15 148 inhabitants (2010). The cockerels are located on the left bank of the riverKlyazma (Volga basin), 67 km south-west of Vladimir, 120 km east of Moscow.
Sobinka - a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Sobinsky district of the Vladimir region. Forms the urban settlement "City of Sobinka". Population - 19 482 people (2010). Located 37 km southwest ofVladimir, on the right bank of the Klyazma River (tributary of the Oka), in the northwestern part of the Meschera Lowland.
Vladimir
- a historical city in Russia, the administrative center of the Vladimir region. It is located primarily on the left bank of the Klyazma River, 176 km east of Moscow. The ancient capital of North-Eastern Russia; one of the largest tourist centers in the country; included in the Golden Ring of Russia. Transport hub on the automobile (M7 "Volga") and rail (Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod: Vladimir station) highways.
City area: 308 km². The population, according to Rosstat, as of January 1, 2012, is 345.9 thousand people.
Starodub on the Klyazma - an old Russian city - the capitalStarodub principality (1218 - beginning of the 15th century) and the center of the RussianOpillya in the 12th-14th centuries. The city was located on the banks of the Klyazma River, 12 kilometers north-east of the modern city of Kovrov, Vladimir Region. At present, the village of Klyazminsky Gorodok, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Region, is located here.
Carpet - city in Russia, the administrative center of the Kovrovsky district of the Vladimir region (not included in the district). A large railway junction on the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod line. Population 145,214 people. (2010). Kovrov bears the honorary title of the City of Military Glory (decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 3, 2011 No. 1456). The city is located on the right bank of the Klyazma River (a tributary of the Oka), 64 km from Vladimir and 250 km northeast of Moscow.
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The city of Vladimir is located 180 km north-east of Moscow, on the banks of the Klyazma River. It is the administrative center of the Vladimir region. Population 339.8 thousand people (2009). Vladimir is part of the Golden Ring of Russia and is a popular tourist destination in Russia.
History of the city of Vladimir
The ancient Russian city of Vladimir was founded in 990 by Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich. In history he was known as Vladimir Krasnoe Solnyshko. In 1108, Prince Vladimir Monomakh made the city a stronghold for the defense of the Rostov-Suzdal principality from the south and east. A fortress was erected. From the south it was protected by the Klyazma River, from the north - by the Lybed River, and from the west and east there were deep ravines. During the reign of Yuri Dolgoruky's son, Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky, the capital of the Rostov-Suzdal principality was moved to the city of Vladimir. It was the city's heyday. Palaces and temples were erected, construction was underway. An all-Russian school of icon painting was formed in Suzdal and Vladimir.
In 1238 the city suffered greatly from the invasion of the Tatar-Mongol yoke. In 1293 he was ravaged by Duden's army. These invasions have been repeated over the years. At the beginning of the 18th century, the city was the center of the province. Its construction was carried out in the style of classicism. The city is being reborn. After the 1917 revolution, most of the monuments were reconstructed. Vladimir is famous for its sights. Dmitrievsky and Assumption Cathedrals are UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Sights of the city of Vladimir
Among the sights of the city are monuments of church architecture, numerous museums.
Golden Gate in the city of Vladimir
The main street of the old city is Moskovskaya. In its western part, the Golden Gate was built in the 12th century. Unfortunately, the silver gate installed in the eastern part has not survived. The Golden Gate was built for 10 years during the reign of Prince Andrey Bogolyubsky. The walls of the gate are made in the form of a powerful box of cut white stone. And its interior is filled with large fragments of rocks and strong lime mortar. The gate was part of the fortress's defensive system. The platform, which is now an observation deck, used to be a combat one. They fired at enemies from it, threw stones. Another observation deck called "Old Vladimir" is located on Kozlovy Val - the southern fortification of the city.
Assumption Cathedral in the city of Vladimir
One of the main squares of the city of Vladimir is Cathedral Square. There is a monument in honor of the 850th anniversary of the city of Vladimir. This is a truncated three-sided pyramid of white stone. It depicts milestones in the history of Vladimir in the form of allegories. The entrance to the Assumption Cathedral is located on Cathedral Square.
The cathedral is a complex of buildings from different times, the first of which began to be built in 1158. It was the tomb of many representatives of the Vladimir Grand Duke's house. Initially, the Assumption Cathedral was small and single-domed. The fire of 1185 destroyed almost all the interior decoration of the temple. Only the external painting of the temple in the form of peacocks (symbols of the Resurrection) and the prophets holding scrolls with texts glorifying the Mother of God have survived to this day. Under Prince Vsevolod the Big Nest, the area of \u200b\u200bthe cathedral doubled. A new altar part and galleries around the temple appeared, the interior frescoes were updated. The cathedral became five-domed. After the fire of 1238, the decoration of the Assumption Cathedral had to be restored again. In 1408, Prince Vasily Dmitrievich decided to update the frescoes of the cathedral. The work was carried out by the 38-year-old monk Andrei Rublev and his friend Daniil Cherny. They painted almost the entire cathedral. The cathedral houses the largest number of frescoes by the genius artist of the Middle Ages Andrei Rublev. His merit is the painting of a huge iconostasis, icons of which are now in the Tretyakov Gallery and in the Russian Museum.
Dmitrievsky Cathedral in the city of Vladimir
Dmitrievsky Cathedral was founded in 1194 by order of Vsevolod the Big Nest. A feature of the temple is the sculptural decorations that adorn the walls of the temple. These are more than 600 bas-reliefs, which depict stories from the life of King David, as well as images of mythical animals and plants. Some of the reliefs have disappeared from the walls of the temple. Some were replaced with new ones. In the center of the composition of each facade is depicted the son of King David - King Solomon, who is the ideal for a wise ruler. On the northern facade facing the city, we see the figure of a man holding a child in his arms - the image of Vsevolod the Big Nest and his son Vladimir. On the southern facade there is a bas-relief "The Ascension of Alexander the Great", and on the west - the image of Hercules, borrowed from Greek mythology.
The interior of the cathedral is interesting for fragments of the frescoes "The Last Judgment" and "Paradise", "Procession of the Righteous to Paradise", as well as icons. Here is the most famous of them, brought from Thessaloniki, depicting St. Dmitry Thessaloniki.
For tourists, admirers of church architecture, attractions such as the Nativity Monastery, the Building of Public Places, as well as the Princess Cathedral and Gostiny Dvors are attractive; churches of the Intercession on the Nerl, Nikita the Martyr and the Holy Trinity. There are many museums in the city that will tell guests about the culture and history of the city.
