Types of transport:
Bus, Car
Description of how to get there:
Mount Yangantau is located in the Salavat region of the Republic of Bashkortostan. By car, you need to go along the Chelyabinsk - Ufa highway, then turn to Kropachevo. Pass Karatavly, Maloyaz, Komsomol (the source of Kurgazak is located there). Then, after crossing the bridge over the Yuryuzan River in the Chulpan village, turn right and climb the mountain, which will be Yangantau. By bus from Ufa (from the Northern Bus Station), Yekaterinburg or Chelyabinsk. By train to the station Kropachevo, then by taxi or bus of the Yangan-Tau sanatorium. GPS coordinates: Yangantau: N 55 ° 17 "55"; E 58 ° 07 "54" Kurgazak: N 55 ° 16 "28"; E 58 ° 08 "09"
Distance from major cities:
Ufa - 180 km, Chelyabinsk - 320 km, Yekaterinburg - 430 km, Perm - 400 km, Tyumen - 750 km, Kurgan - 585 km
The shortest possible duration:
One day
Accommodation options:
Sanatorium, Hotel
Infrastructure:
The famous mineral spring Kurgazak is located 3 kilometers south of the sanatorium in the village of Komsomol. The mineral water of the source rises along a tectonic fault from a depth of 600-800 meters. All year round, the water coming out to the surface has the same temperature: +16 degrees. The water is slightly mineralized, almost no taste is felt. Nevertheless, water contains many microelements that are so necessary for the body, such as iron, manganese, phosphorus, zinc, copper, titanium, beryllium, molybdenum, chromium, silicon and others. Kurgazak water cleanses and strengthens the body, removes toxins, salts and even stones.
Leisure / entertainment:
Family
Place value:
Great place for a photo, Natural
"Yangantau" is translated from Bashkir as "burnt mountain", and this is no accident. The fact is that this mysterious mountain has really been burning for several centuries!
The height of Yangantau Mountain is low - only 504 meters above sea level. It became famous for the fact that hot streams of steam always come from the cracks on the top of the mountain. Hot gases rise to the surface along cracks in the mountain, the temperature of which at the outlet ranges from +37 to +150 degrees, and in a well drilled to a depth of 90 meters, the temperature reaches 380 degrees! In total, five "hot" spots were found on the mountain. The researchers found that the highest temperature is on the southern slope of the mountain. This despite the fact that there is no volcanic activity in these places. There is still no consensus among scientists to explain the phenomenon of the mysterious mountain Yangantau.
In April 1937, the first clinical station was opened here.
Natural thermal baths have a multifaceted analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect on the entire body, improve muscle tone, increase the range of motion in the joints, and have a positive effect on the microcirculation of internal organs.
| Yangantau | |
|---|---|
| Highest point | |
| Absolute height | 504 m |
| Location | |
| 55 ° 17'55 ″ s. sh. 58 ° 07'54 ″ in. etc. HGIOL | |
| A country | |
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Republic of Bashkortostan |
| Mountain system | Southern Urals |
| Media files at Wikimedia Commons | |
Physical and geographical characteristics
Mount Yangantau stretches from East to West for 2.5 km along the right bank of the river. Yuryuzan. The absolute height of the mountain is 143 meters, the height above the Yuryuzan River is 160 meters (504 meters above sea level).
The mountain is composed of rocks of the Sakmarian and Artinskian stages of the lower section of the Permian system, crumpled into folds. Structurally, the territory of the GSP is located on the southern edge of the Bashkir arch, limited by a deep fault, along which the Yuryuzan River laid its valley.
Hot air saturated with water vapor comes out on the slopes of the mountain. The air temperature is from +37 to +150 degrees, and in a well drilled to a depth of 90 meters, the temperature reaches 380 degrees.
In the depths of the mountain, oxidative and reduction reactions of bituminous marls take place. Warming centers are located at a depth of 60-90 m. The accumulated heat in a limited area persists for a long time due to the weak heat transfer of the surrounding rocks.
History
Scientific research of the mountain has been carried out since the 18th century. (P. S. Pallas, 1773; F. N. Chernyshev, 1881; A. Ya.Gordyagin, 1882, 1885; E. M. Yanishevsky, 1902; A. Bikkel, 1932; G. V. Vakhrushev, 1927, 1957 and etc.)
Many hypotheses have been put forward about the nature of the thermal phenomena of the mountain: an underground fire from lightning, the reaction of the transition of ferrous oxide salts to oxide salts, the combustion of low-bituminous rocks, radioactive heat, mutual friction of the g.p. and others. Since the 60s of the 20th century, hypotheses about a natural nuclear reactor and a rare meteorite that have become a catalyst for thermal processes have been considered (SG Fattakhutdinov, 1993).
Mount Yangatau is also known for its sulphurous, zinc and radon springs, which became the basis for the creation of the Yangantau balneological resort.
Birches, oaks and aspens grow on the slopes of the mountain, alternating with meadow glades and petrophytic steppes. The surviving pines speak of primary coniferous forests. Shrub meadow-steppe complexes of steppe cherry, low almond, caragana, dog rose, warty spindle tree and feather grass, fescue, thyme are widespread on the mountain and its surroundings.
The lower slope of the mountain is covered with bird cherry-willow thickets. On the basis of Yangantau Mountain in 1980, a reserve and forestry were organized on an area of \u200b\u200b3600 hectares.
Mount Yangantau is a natural monument since 1965.
"The Earth is burning under our feet" is about the places where our journey will take place today. Once the local mountain was called Karakosh-Tau - Berkutova mountain. But for almost 300 years it has been called Yangan-Tau, which means "burning". In these places, mud is useful, and the mountain heals people, and a whole river of medicine flows ... Miracles, in a word!
From Chelyabinsk along the M5 highway we are heading to the mining region. We pass Zlatoust, Ust-Katav, then turn to Kropachevo and after 40 kilometers we are at the foot of Yangan-Tau. We go up the mountain. Then we descend, and the Kurgazak spring awaits us three kilometers from the "burning" mountain. 30 kilometers from it is the village of Kuselyarovo, where there are healing hydrogen sulfide springs.
The amazing properties of Yangan-Tau Mountain have been known for a long time.According to an old legend, they were discovered by a shepherd who decided to spend the night in a hole under the root of a century-old tree. Steam rose from the pit, and it was warm to sleep in it even on very cold autumn nights. A few days later, a local resident noticed, moreover, that his arms and legs stopped hurting - the long-term illness disappeared without a trace. Local residents learned about this and began to come here for healing.
A statue of a shepherd was even installed on the top of the mountain - in memory of the discoverer of the Ural miracle. Today the modest monument has been sent for restoration, and the hot streams emitted by the mountain are no longer visible behind the modern outlines of the popular sanatorium. Modern buildings and paved paths do not in any way remind that a giant cauldron is boiling at a depth of only 60 meters underfoot.
The second, after the Bashkir shepherd, this miracle was revealed to the world by the famous Russian explorer Peter Simon Pallas. His expedition traveled to these parts, describing the natural resources of the Russian State. In May 1770, a detachment of a naturalist, moving along the Yuryuzan River, approached Yangan-Tau. In the evening, the mountain seemed to be shrouded in a huge cloud of steam "several arshins in height," he wrote in his diary.
Old-timers told the scientist that 11-12 years ago lightning struck a large pine tree, burned it to the root, and the flame passed on to the grief, and since that time it has been burning incessantly inside. “However, so that at the sole the flame has already extinguished, and the top has not yet reached very far,” Pallas writes in his diary.
Serious research into the unique heat source began at the end of the 19th century. Since then, more than 100 scientific papers and articles have been published devoted to solving the burning mountain. And she was never found. Yangan-Tau is sometimes compared to a dormant volcano. Something is boiling inside, but what? And does it not threaten after some time with an earthquake?
At a depth of 60-80 meters in the bowels of the burning mountain there is a thermal core, it is heated up to 400 degrees. Through cracks in the body of the mountain, hot gases rise to the surface, where they are intercepted by wells of steam baths. It is also interesting that, on the one hand, in the upper part of the mountain Yangan-Tau emits hot vapors, and on the other hand, dry gases of almost the same temperature. What this is connected with is also still a mystery. It is also known that the mountain burns more in winter than in summer. And in cold weather it gives more warmth. Research is complicated by the fact that deep drilling can upset the unique balance, and the mountain will simply die out.
For the first time, civilized treatment, if you can call it that, began here in the 1940s. At first, the patients were simply buried in the ground or placed in steam pits on stools. After 1935, the first wooden barracks were installed. Today, a modern sanatorium is at the top. Even the slope leading to the Yuryuzan bank has been ennobled.
Three videos
Mount Yangan-Tau literally exudes healing air and healing water. Not only that, until recently, the buildings were heated by heat from the bowels of the mountain, but also literally from all the taps here mineral water runs! People drink it, cook it, wash and wash dishes here, too, with Kurgazak mineral water. The bounty of the local nature is amazing.
According to a recent analysis, the water of the Kurgazak spring is close to the famous Caucasian mineral waters. The water contains more than 20 components: iron, manganese, phosphorus, zinc, copper, titanium, beryllium, molybdenum, chromium, silicon, as well as a unique natural microflora. For its original chemical composition, it is also called living water.
The influence of Yangan-Tau extends far beyond the limits of a low, but such an interesting mountain. Further along the course of the Yuryuzan River - the village of Kuselyarovo. There is a hydrogen sulfide lake here that does not freeze even in 40-degree frost. The brackish water, which local cows and horses love to drink, is said to cure even trachoma of the eyes. And after another one and a half kilometers from here from under the steep slope of Yuryuzan several hydrogen sulphide springs are beating at once!
The uniqueness of such sources is that within a few minutes after reaching the surface, the water reacts with air and loses its healing properties during transportation. This applies primarily to lake mud.
Here and there are found deposits of ancient marine sediments - sapropels. And according to the original theory of one of the local ethnographers, the unusual properties of the burning mountain, the healing power of the mineral spring and the Kuselyar hydrogen sulfide mud are a consequence of one global cataclysm that happened in ancient times in the valley of modern Yuryuzan. And all these abnormal points, which bring health to a person, are linked together.
Legends say that once upon a time a huge tree grew on the Yangantau mountain in Bashkiria. Once a lightning struck him, the tree caught fire, and the fire went deep down its roots and everything burns and burns there ...
The fire burns without extinguishing
Frankly speaking, it is difficult to call this elevation a mountain: the height of Yangantau above the valley of the Yuryuzan River flowing nearby is 160 meters. Rather, it is an elongated hill. But there are plenty of tall ones, but one like this, perhaps, no longer exists.
The famous scientist and traveler Peter-Simon Pallas, who visited here 250 years ago, was amazed: hot steam rises from the cracks, which is illuminated by fire from the depths of the mountain at night. If you throw dry chips into a crevice, they will burn on the fly!
“An ordinary dormant volcano,” you can shrug. But the fact of the matter is that here, as they say, does not smell like a volcano. Mount Yangantau lies far from all seismically active zones; no traces of ancient eruptions have been found either on it or in the region. Nonetheless…
Something inside it has been burning for more than one century. Scientists have found out that the main "furnace" lies at a depth of 60-90 meters. In it, the temperature reaches 380 °, and for steam coming out - up to 150 °. By placing a pot or frying pan on the crevice, you could cook dinner!
Why and from what?
Intrigued specialists have been conducting research and observation here for many years. They did not come close to the solution, although they put forward up to a dozen hypotheses.
Some believe that layers of porous rocks are burning - shales, which contain rock resins. Others talk about some kind of vigorous oxidation of iron salts. Still others talk about a natural nuclear reaction.
The current name Yangantau (translated from Bashkir "burning or burnt mountain") is not the first. Some old-timers call it in the old way - Karagosh-Tau (Berkutova Gora). They say that in 1758 a lightning struck the mountain, a fire broke out on the slope, which spread inland. So the legend with which we began the story may have a real foundation.
However, there is no unanimity among experts. Geologists do not exclude heating by underground radioactive heat and even the fall of a meteorite, which could also kindle an underground “furnace”.
At a depth of seven meters, scientists have discovered a massive cast iron ingot. There was probably a very hot hearth here, which smelted metal from the surrounding ore. Then, as it cooled down, the hearth went deeper and deeper.
Burning intensifies in winter, weakens in summer. For some reason, hot gases on one slope come out mixed with water vapor, and on the other side of the mountain - the same gases, but devoid of moisture. It looks like an aquifer is warming up in the depths, or even an underground stream boils away.
Cold hot
A child's game with this name is reminiscent of walks on a fire-breathing mountain.
Almost half a century ago, the pearl of Bashkortostan was declared a natural monument. But even before that it was not forgotten by tourists and lovers of unusual phenomena. Moreover, it is easily achievable - only one and a half hundred kilometers from Ufa.
In addition, Yuryuzan is one of the most famous water tourism routes. A stop at the foot of the mountain, a hike along its “heated” slopes give the route a special attraction. The mountain slopes are picturesque all year round - meadows, forests, rocky steppes. As you might guess, there is no snow here: falling out, it immediately melts.
For a long time, local residents considered the warmth emanating from the depths of the mountain to be healing. Having dug up the soil, they lay down on hot areas, warming the body to the bone. Doctors have also confirmed the therapeutic effect of warm water vapor - it turned out to contain a whole bunch of chemicals.
In 1937, the Yangan-Tau sanatorium was founded on the slope. At first it was a modest hospital. Sitting on chairs in wooden booths, patients warmed up their joints and muscles. Over the years, the sanatorium has gained strength and popularity. Wells have been arranged, which, already at a depth, intercept hot gases and supply them to steam baths. Waters rich in hydrogen sulfide and radon were brought from the surrounding springs. Nowadays, there is a real year-round resort here, where they heal and treat for a variety of diseases.
Since Yangantau Mountain does not have an underground feed with fire and "fuel", then, most likely, the time will come when its furnaces will burn out and go out. Hopefully it won't happen very soon.
Did you knowwhere is Lake Huron, which is one of the five great lakes in the United States?
| Yangan-Tau Resort | |
|---|---|
| Southern Urals | |
| A country | Russia Russia |
| Resort region | Bashkortostan Bashkortostan |
| Nearest town | Ufa (200 km) |
| Year of creation | |
| Focus | low-mountain, balneological, versatile |
| Area (ha) | 73 |
| Capacity | 852 |
| Nearest airport | Ufa International Airport |
| additional information | |
| Mineral water | "Kurgazak" |
| Climate | moderate continental |
| director | Akbashev Alfred Rashitovich |
| The address | Russia, Republic of Bashkortostan, Salavat region, s. Yangantau, st. Centralnaya, 20 |
| [email protected] | |
| Official site | |
State Unitary Enterprise "Sanatorium" Yangan-Tau "" RB - a low-mountain, multi-profile balneological resort in the Salavat district of Bashkortostan, 200 kilometers from Ufa and 45 km. from the railway station Kropachevo.
History
Natural geothermal phenomena of the unique mountain Yangantau (from Bashkortostan "Yangantau" - "Burning mountain") are first described in the diary by Peter Simon Pallas on May 26, 1770:
From the open cracks (crevasses), an ever thin, trembling hot steam rises up against the sun, to which it is impossible to touch with a hand, the bark thrown there or dry chips caught fire in one minute, in bad weather and on dark nights it seems like a thin red flame or a ball of fire several arshins high ...
Travel to different provinces of the Russian Empire. P.S.Pallas
In 1907, four guidelines for the therapeutic use of vapors and gases were first published. But the local residents have used their healing properties since ancient times - they dug a depression in the ground and with the heat emanating from the depths of the mountain healed diseases of bones and joints.
There is a legend: they say, a long time ago, in the era of the mythical youth of the world, a dazzling star once fell on Yangantau. Crumbled on the rocks, flared up trees around and went on the slopes of the fire. Further, further ... And now, quite recently, on February 15, 2013, a cosmic body flew over the Yangantau mountain like a fiery comet and fell quite nearby - into Lake Chebarkul (from the head. "Beautiful lake"). And thirty years ago, in September 1985, while digging a pit for a swimming pool, workers removed an unusual object from the bedrock deposits of the "Tandak suite of Lower Permian age", which turned out to be part of a rare meteorite. It was so heavy (several hundred kilograms) that it was not possible to get it entirely. They managed to split off several pieces from the "mother's body" - slices from one of them were transferred to the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (Moscow) and to special. Research Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR (Kiev). Really, the fiery messenger of the sky once set fire to the mountain, and the national memory has preserved this event? Finding a meteorite on Mount Yangantau near the mountain's existing thermal core could shed light on the mountain's heat mystery. It is possible that the fall of the meteorite and the thermal and shock energy introduced by it during the fall could affect the regime and intensity of thermal processes taking place in the depths of this unique mountain, which gives people its healing warmth.
On April 2, 1937, an experimental balneological institution with 20 beds was opened here, and in 1944 a sanatorium with 25 beds was created to treat patients with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, peripheral nervous system and blood vessels, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and urinary tract of non-tuberculous etiology ... Since 1957, the sanatorium has been operating all year round.
The Yangan-Tau resort has been repeatedly recognized as the best health resort in the USSR and Russia.
In 1973, with the assistance of the Bashkir branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the first documentary film about the Yangan-Tau resort was shot. Author - Rashit Akbashev, cameraman and director - Azat Imanaev. In 1987, 1997 and 2012 the film director Renat Nurullin shot a popular science (for the Central Television of the USSR State Television and Radio Broadcasting) and two documentaries about the Yangan-Tau resort (authors: Akbashev, Rashit Shagabutdinovich, Khuramshin, Ishtimer Shagaleevich and Nurullin, Renat Khamatov ).
In 2014, the Yangan-Tau sanatorium received the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of management and quality of services. In the rating "50 best Russian health resorts" according to the reviews of visitors, the Yangan-Tau sanatorium takes the first place.
Modernity
The resort includes: 7 comfortable buildings on the main territory, as well as health, tourist, equestrian and hotel and service complexes; medical and diagnostic complex; health-improving complex; museum; steam-air and dry-air hospitals. The latter include hot vapors and gases emitted from cracks in the mountain, containing carbon dioxide and more than 30 microelements used for steam and dry-air baths (in cabins); bicarbonate calcium-magnesium source Kurgazak, the water of which is used for internal and external use.
The resort is famous for its unique healing factors, landscape parks, well-groomed territory and terenkur - "Golden Ring of Yangan-Tau".
