The passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation is the main identity card and proof of citizenship for residents of Russia.
A modern Russian passport is equipped with a multi-level security system; the procedure for issuing, replacing, restoring passports is strictly regulated, this document itself is required for careful storage. For loss or untimely (with violation of deadlines) replacement of a passport, regulatory authorities may impose a fine, since this is an administrative offense.
General information
Since the passport is considered the main document for a resident of the Russian Federation, it is not worth treating it “slip of the sleeves”. The "Regulations on the passport" directly states that a citizen should treat him with care. This means - do not allow damage and deterioration, do not leave unattended (do not lose), do not give into the wrong hands and replace in a timely manner.
When should a passport be replaced?
According to the Regulations on the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, it must be obtained for the first time, and then in a timely manner.
So, you should apply after reaching the following ages:
- 14 years- the first receipt of a passport (from this moment comes, in particular, criminal liability for certain types of crimes);
- 20 years- the first replacement period;
- 45 years- the second term of replacement.
After that, the citizen uses the passport indefinitely, but the Passport Regulations contain a number of additional clauses in which other cases the main identity card must be replaced. So, it is necessary to replace it if a person changes any personal data that is characteristic of his unique personality.
- Date and place of birth;
- surname, name and patronymic.
Note: the middle name in the passport is affixed, if any. That is, if a person refers himself to the Russian sociocultural paradigm, using the name of his father as part of the name. If, for example, a foreigner receives a Russian passport, then the patronymic may not be put in the absence of one.
The passport is also subject to a name for any reason (common - marriage among women). According to Russian laws, a person cannot change only the patronymic, since it is based on the name of his father (according to documents). Also, the passport must be replaced with a new one if its owner discovered new circumstances of his birth - it happened at a different time and / or place than indicated in the document.
Also, without fail, the main personal document is subject to replacement if its owner officially changes sex (by the method of a surgical operation).
Separately, it can be clarified that, from the point of view of the law, a citizen is obliged to take care of changing his passport if information not provided for by the Regulations on the passport, any accidental marks, blots or corrections were accidentally or deliberately entered into it.
In addition to data on registration, military duty, marriage, children and previously issued documents, only data on blood type and Rh factor can be entered there by the relevant authorities, as well as an individual taxpayer number (TIN). Any marks outside of this list are not allowed.
The last reason why the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation is to be replaced is its wear or damage, in which further use of the document is impossible.
It is also necessary to write an application for a new one if the passport has been lost or stolen.
Where and how to change the passport
Previously, the internal affairs bodies (police) were involved in processing and issuing passports, but now this prerogative has been transferred to the FMS - the Federal Migration Service. This is done by the employees of the district offices of the service.
The replacement period under the law is 10 days, but only if the citizen was previously registered with the same FMS, and the department retained information about his original document. The law allows a Russian citizen, if necessary, to obtain a passport in any corner of the country and in any department of the Migration Service.
But if the replacement is issued in another department, then the waiting time increases to 60 days.
This is due to the need for employees of the Federal Migration Service to contact the department at the place of the citizen’s initial residence, receive confirmation of the declared data from him, and in some cases, take other actions to confirm the identity established by internal rules. It is not possible to shorten this period.
List of papers to receive
To begin with, it is worth noting that ONLY the FMS is engaged in the actual issuance of passports, even multifunctional centers authorized in some cases to do this, are only intermediaries between the migration service and the citizen.
To obtain a passport, you must provide the FMS with the following papers:
- Application form 1P. It is issued directly at the FMS department. It is filled in in any readable way, by hand or typewritten.
- Documents confirming personal data, as well as the fact that the applicant has the right to citizenship of the Russian Federation. This may be a birth certificate (for minors receiving a passport for the first time), a previous passport (when replaced due to wear or reaching the legal age), a certificate from the registry office on the change of surname (for example, a marriage certificate or other certificate confirming that the applicant for personal reasons decided to change his full name), a certificate from a medical institution about a sex change, etc.
- 2 photos 3*4. The photo is presented: firstly, it must be clear. Secondly, the face must be strictly in full face. No details that visually change the appearance of a person are allowed, except for glasses with transparent glasses (if a person wears glasses all the time), and, in special cases, a headdress - if for religious reasons a person cannot walk without it. At the same time, no religiosity can be a reason to cover your face in a photograph.
- Documents confirming the additional information that needs to be entered in the new passport - birth certificates of children (in the "Children" column), certificate of marriage or its dissolution, etc.
- Paid receipt (with a check from the bank) on the payment of duty on the passport blank.
In some cases, additional paperwork may be required. For example, if you lose your passport or delay in replacing it, you must first contact the police station, where they will issue a fine, since loss or delay are administrative offenses. The fine must be paid at the bank, and then attach the paid receipt to the application.
Please note: paying a fine does not relieve you of the obligation to pay a fee on the form.
Reasons for the delay in processing
A set of documents (different in each case) for replacing a passport can be submitted to the FMS in the following ways:
- Through the website of the State Service (you must have a Personal Account there, an electronic digital signature, etc.).
- Through a multifunctional center (not in all cases, for example, if you lose your passport, this method is not suitable).
- Directly at the local branch of the FMS.
The most universal, applied without limitation method is the last one.. The citizen personally submits the entire set of documentation to the service officer, who checks them on the spot, points out errors (if any), and conducts an oral consultation on filling out. Then he announces aloud the date when it is necessary to come for a new passport. Reducing the production time of a new one, as mentioned above, is impossible. But, unfortunately, in some cases an increase is possible.
Employees of the Federal Migration Service have the right to extend the period for replacing a passport if the circumstances of the case are not completely clear for some reason. For example, errors were found in the submitted documents, inaccuracies, typos, etc., as a result of which the process of issuing a passport was stopped.
Sometimes there is also a need to clarify some other circumstances of the case, for example, related to a change of registration, or if a citizen indicated two different addresses - actual (place of residence) and registration, which belong to different district offices of the Federal Migration Service. Employees of the department to which the documents were submitted will need additional time to request and receive a response from another department. Among other things, it is impossible to exclude the human factor - banal negligence.
How to find out about the readiness of the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation
If there are any complications in issuing a passport of a citizen of Russia, and the deadline announced initially is not observed, any person begins to worry about the question of how to find out about the readiness of the passport. Unfortunately, for domestic passports there is no such service as for foreign ones. That is, it is impossible to check online the stage of making a citizen's passport. But the possibility of receiving an online notification that the document is waiting for its owner is still there if it was issued through the public services website.
After the application for a replacement passport through the State Services website is issued and verified, an email will be sent to the applicant's e-mail indicating the date and place of receipt of the new document. If there were any difficulties during registration, the passport is not ready, and a new date of issue has been set, another letter will come with a new date. It is possible to send notifications by SMS to a mobile phone.
In this case, in order to receive the document, you must take with you, in order to submit to the FMS, the originals of all documents, electronic copies of which were attached to the application on the State Services website.
Another way to check the readiness of the passport in absentia, if the documents were submitted in person or through the MFC, is a phone call to the migration service department. Employees of the Federal Migration Service are obliged to give free consultations on issues within their competence. The telephone consultation time is limited to 5 minutes. They are obliged to pick up the phone before the expiration of 5 beeps (ringing signals) and 5 rings of the device, respectively. The internal regulations for working with applicants oblige the FMS officer to introduce himself, name the position, consider your question and issue an exhaustive but brief answer on it.
The last way to check if the passport is ready is a personal visit to the FMS office.
What could happen if...
If a Russian citizen did not attend to the timely replacement of a passport and missed its deadline, then this is an administrative offense and is punishable by a fine of from 2000 to 3000 rubles(at the discretion of the police officer). For Moscow and St. Petersburg - up to 5000 rubles. At the same time, the penalty “for loss”, which is a sanction for negligent attitude to the passport, which caused its damage, loss or deliberate damage, is much lower - from 100 to 300 rubles. In some cases, you can get off with a verbal warning.
