A wedding with a citizen of another country is recognized in almost all states as a circumstance that simplifies the procedure for obtaining citizenship. In this regard, Russia is no exception, the citizenship of the Russian Federation by marriage is acquired much faster than on a general basis. This article will describe the features of this process.
Before entering into an alliance, it is determined where to hold the wedding. Citizenship by marriage does not imply that you need to get married only on Russian territory. If the wedding is held outside the Russian Federation, it is important that the marriage does not contradict the law. There are a number of restrictions:
- Marriage is possible only between persons of different sexes.
- Unions between close relatives are excluded.
- Families are recognized in which there is one man and one woman. Polygamy is excluded.
To get married, they collect a package of papers that local legislation requires for this. After marriage, the certificate is apostilled in the country of origin, then transferred to the Russian Federation and the translation is notarized. After that, they apply to make changes to the civil status records.
There is a list of countries whose documents do not require an apostille or a legalization procedure: Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Uzbekistan and a number of other states of the post-Soviet space. In addition, Russia has concluded an agreement on assistance in family, criminal and legal matters with a number of countries, according to which it is enough to provide a certified translation of the certificate.
Wedding in Russia
Citizenship by marriage can be obtained by formalizing relations in Russia. An indispensable condition for this is the legality of finding the second half on Russian territory. For this purpose, a visa is issued if the countries have not concluded an agreement on a visa-free regime or other procedure for the entry of citizens.
In the first 7 days after crossing the border, a foreigner becomes registered with the FMS. After that, they are sent to submit a package of documents for registration. This is done in person or through the public services portal.
- If the passport is not in Russian, then a notarized translation is attached. Original passport.
- Documents confirming the legality of being in the Russian Federation - visa, migration card.
- Certificate of absence of marriage in the country of residence of a foreigner.
- Receipt of payment of the fee - 350 rubles.
After submitting the documents, a date is set and the marriage is registered.
Obtaining a status in Russia
Citizenship by marriage involves going through all the steps to obtain the necessary papers and permits, as for ordinary applicants. The difference is that for the spouse of a citizen of the Russian Federation, this procedure takes place according to an abbreviated scheme.
There is an opinion that spouses of foreigners are not required to provide certificates of knowledge of Russian, in fact, no exception is made for them.
After the wedding, a foreigner applies to the Federal Migration Service for a temporary residence permit. In this case, he has the right to receive it without taking into account the quota.
This paper gives the right to live and work in Russia for 3 years, but after a year the spouse of a Russian citizen can apply for a residence permit if during this time he did not violate the law. For citizens of Belarus, a temporary residence permit is not required.
A residence permit gives the right to live in Russia for 5 years, and it is one of the documents that will be needed when it comes time to obtain citizenship. A simplified procedure for obtaining citizenship of the Russian Federation is that for spouses of Russians, 3 years of residence in the country after marriage is enough.
Applying for Citizenship
After 3 years have passed since the conclusion of the union, a foreigner can apply for citizenship. A list of documents is prepared in advance and submitted to the FMS department on a territorial basis. The application for citizenship is filled in Russian, errors and corrections are not allowed.
- Statement. .
- Receipt of payment of the fee for consideration of a package of papers - 3500 rubles.
- Marriage certificate.
- Spouse's passport with Russian citizenship and permanent registration.
- A document from a foreign institution confirming the renunciation of citizenship or the impossibility of renunciation.
- 3 photos 30×40 mm in size.
- Income statement.
- Papers showing knowledge of the Russian language. This does not apply to women over 60 and men over 65. There is also a list of citizens who do not provide certificates of knowledge of the language.
Grant of citizenship
The issue of obtaining citizenship is considered up to a year. Since the issuance of a passport in the hands of a citizen, they are considered received. The law provides that in case of detection of facts of forgery of documents or the provision of incorrect data, the decision on citizenship is canceled.
Marriage to a Russian does not automatically mean citizenship. The spouse goes through a similar chain of paperwork, like other foreigners. The procedure is simplified only by the fact that marriage allows you to issue a temporary residence permit outside the quota. Plus - to apply for citizenship, it is enough that only 3 years have passed since the moment of marriage.
Fictitious unions
The legislation does not provide for criminal liability for fictitious marriage. This concept means registering an alliance for selfish purposes, in which there are no plans to create a full-fledged family.
If the union is recognized as fictitious, all decisions that were made depending on this circumstance are canceled: TRP, residence permit or citizenship. In a number of states, special checks are carried out to identify fictitious relationships. This is not practiced in Russia, so the chances of deprivation of citizenship or other status are low.
