In Nepal lives a man who conquered the "top of the world" 21 times, and at the very top, which was once the seabed, there are amazing spiders. The mountain is still growing, it has not even two, but four official names and is not, by the way, the highest in the world.
(10 photos total)
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1. Himalayan spiders
Even high in the mountains, where there is barely enough oxygen for breathing, we cannot hide from the spiders. Euophrys omnisuperstes, better known as the Himalayan jumping spider, hides in the nooks and crannies of Mount Everest, making it one of the highest-living creatures on Earth. Climbers found them at an altitude of 6700 meters. These spiders are able to feed on almost anything that can fly so high. With the exception of some species of birds, these are the only living creatures that constantly live at such a height. However, in 1924, during the British expedition to Everest, a previously unknown species of grasshoppers was found here - now they are on display in the British Museum of Natural History.
2. The record of climbing Mount Everest - 21 times
Appa Tenzing, also known as Appa Sherpa, was able to conquer the top of the world 21 times. His first ascent took place in May 1990, after three earlier failed attempts. Apparently, having learned all the secrets of climbing, Appa continued to conquer Everest every year - from 1990 to 2011. He has repeatedly stressed that the consequences of global warming are clearly visible in the mountains. Appa is worried about melting snow and ice, making climbing the mountain more difficult, as well as the safety of his people after a melted glacier flooded his home village. The last four ascents of Everest were made by Appa as part of ecological expeditions.
Conquering Everest is not as romantic as it might seem at first glance. Thanks to the significant development of the tourism industry, there has been a significant increase in the number of ascents to the highest mountain in the world. So, in 1983 only 8 people made it to the top, and in 2012 only 234 people got there in one day. It is not surprising that when conquering Everest there are traffic jams and even fights. So, in 2013, climbers Uli Stack, Simon Moreau and Jonathan Griffith got into a fight with the Sherpas after the latter asked to stop climbing. The Sherpas have accused the climbers of causing an avalanche. An argument began, which, on emotions, escalated into a fierce fight using stones. It came to death threats, but the climbers returned to base camp, where the rest of the "colleagues" took their side. Even the Nepal army had to intervene in the incident - then both sides of the conflict signed an agreement on its peaceful settlement.
4.450 million years of history
Although Himalayan mountains formed about 60 million years ago, their history begins much earlier. 450 million years ago, limestone and rocks were part of the sedimentary layers below sea level. Over time, the rocks at the bottom of the ocean came together and began to move upwards by 11 centimeters per year. Fossils of sea creatures can now be found on the summit of Everest. They were first discovered in 1924 by the conductor Noel Odell - thus it was proved that the summit of Everest was once under water. The first rock samples from the world's summit were brought back by Swiss climbers in 1956 and a team from America in 1963.
5. Disputes about height
What is the exact height of Everest? It depends on which country side you are on. China said it was 8,844 meters, while Nepal said it was 8,848 meters. This dispute happened due to the fact that China believes that the height should be equal only to the height of the rock, excluding meters of frozen snow from the total. Whether it is true or not, remains a double-edged sword, but the international community still includes snow at the height of the mountain. China and Nepal came to an agreement in 2010, finally establishing an official height of 8,848 meters.
6. Everest is still growing
According to the latest measurements, both China and Nepal may be in error regarding height. In 1994, a research team found that Everest continues to grow 4 millimeters a year. The Indian subcontinent was originally an independent piece of land that collided with Asia to form the Himalayas. But the continental plates are still moving and the mountains are rising in height. American researchers in 1999 installed special equipment that allows you to monitor its change. Their more accurate measurements could lead to the fact that the official height of the mountain will be changed to 8,850 meters. In the meantime, other tectonic activity leads to a decrease in Everest, but the results together still ensure its growth.
7. Everest has several names
Most of us know the mountain under the names Everest and Chomolungma. The last name came from Tibet, which means "Divine (qomo) mother (ma) of life (lung)". But these are not the only names by which the mountain is known. So, in Nepal it is called Sagarmatha ("Forehead in the sky"), and she herself is part of the Nepalese National Park "Sagarmatha". The mountain owes its name to Everest to the British surveyor Andrew Waugh, who did not manage to find a single common name even after careful study of all maps of the surrounding area and communication with its inhabitants. Andrew decided to name the mountain after the geographer who worked in India, George Everest, the leader of the British team that first explored the Himalayas. Everest itself refused such an honor, but still the British representatives changed the name of the mountain in 1865. Previously, it was simply called the 15th peak.
8. Traffic jams from people
Climbing Mount Everest will cost a person several thousand dollars, but the number of those eager to conquer the top is steadily growing. In 2012, German climber Ralf Dujmowitz took a photograph of hundreds of people queuing up to climb. By the way, due to bad weather and a long line, Ralph had to turn back at one of the passes called the South Col. And on May 19, 2012, those wishing to climb the top of the mountain were forced to stand in line for about two hours - in one day, 234 people climbed Everest. However, on the same day, during the ascent, four people died, which raised some concerns about the safety of conquering the summit, and experts from Nepal installed a railing that helps to fight congestion. Now the question of installing the stairs at the top is being discussed.
There are many photographs showing the beauty of Everest from every possible angle, but there are also back side medals: photographs of the huge amount of debris left by climbers. According to some estimates, there are about 50 tons of waste of various origins on Everest, and their amount increases in proportion to the number of visits. On the slopes of the mountain, you can see used oxygen tanks, climbing equipment and other climbers' waste. In addition, the mountain is "adorned" with the bodies of the dead climbers - because of the difficulties with their transportation, the victims of an unfortunate set of circumstances remain lying on the slopes. Some of them serve as reference points for other climbers. For example, Tsewanga Palzhora, who died in 1996, “marks” the height of 8500 meters and even received the nickname “Green Shoes” - for the noticeable bright green shoes. Since 2008, a special ecological expedition (Eco Everest Expidition) has been climbing the mountain every year, the purpose of which is to fight the pollution of Everest. On this moment thanks to this expedition, more than 13 tons of waste were collected. In 2014, the government of Nepal introduced a new rule that every climber must bring at least 8 kilograms of waste when descending the mountain - otherwise the $ 4,000 deposit will be lost. There is also the creative project "Everest 8848": its artists turned 8 tons of waste into 75 pieces of art, using even the remains of broken tents and beer cans. Thus, they are trying to draw attention to the pollution of the mountain.
10. Everest is not the tallest mountain on Earth
Despite the assigned title, in fact, Everest is not the most high mountain in the world. Mauna Kea, an inactive volcano in Hawaii, rises above sea level "only" by 4,205 meters, but its base is hidden under water for another 6,000 meters. When measured from the ocean floor, its height is equal to 10 203 meters, which is almost one and a half kilometers more than Everest.
Everest is also not the most "convex" point on the planet. Dormant volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador reaches an altitude of 6267 meters above sea level, but is only one degree from the equator. Since our planet is slightly thickened in the center, the sea level in Ecuador is located farther from the center of the Earth than in Nepal, and it turns out that Chimborazo is the highest point of the Earth in terms of stereometry.
More than 60 years have passed since Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay became the first successful conquerors of Mount Everest in history, but the desire to climb it has not diminished over time. We hear countless stories of triumphant and more recently tragic attempts to reach the top of the mountain. However, many interesting facts about the grief remain unknown to many.
10. Mountain spiders
Photo: Gavin Maxwell
Even high in the sky, where thin air is very difficult to breathe, we cannot hide from spiders. Euophrys omnisuperstes (above all), better known as the Himalayan jumping spiders, hide in the crevices and nooks and crannies of Mount Everest, making them one of the creatures living at the highest altitudes on Earth. Climbers noticed them at a maximum altitude of 6,700 meters.
Small spiders feed on any stray insects that are blown by the wind to the top of the mountain. They are actually the only animals permanently living at such a high altitude, in addition to several species of birds. In addition, several previously unnamed grasshopper species were collected during the famous unsuccessful British expedition to Mount Everest in 1924, and they are now in the British Natural History Museum.
9.Two men who climbed the mountain 21 times
Photo: Mogens Engelund
Two members of the Sherpa people, Apa Sherpa and Phurba Tashi, hold the joint record for the most ascents of Mount Everest. Together, the couple managed to reach the top of the mountain an impressive 21 times. Phurba reached the top of the world three times in one 2007, and Apa successfully climbed the mountain almost every year from 1990 to 2011.
Apa says that over the years he has noticed the obvious changes in Everest caused by global warming. He spoke of his concerns about melting snow and glaciers exposing the rock, making it harder to get to the top. He is also concerned about the future of the Sherpa people after he lost his own home in a flood caused by melting glaciers. Apa has dedicated several Everest ascents to raising awareness of climate change.
8. The tallest fight in the world
Photo: Jon Griffith
Climbing Mount Everest isn't always as harmonious a triumph as you might imagine. In 2013, climbers Ueli Steck, Simone Moro and Jonathan Griffith found themselves at the center of a Sherpa scandal after allegedly ignoring an order to stop their ascent.
The Sherpas blamed the climbers for interfering with them and causing an avalanche, which injured other Sherpas who laid ropes down the slope. The climbers denied the accusations and the quarrel turned violent. The Sherpas kicked, punched and stoned the men, and Moreau said that one of the members of the nationality even threatened him with death.
The fight could have ended much worse, but American climber Melissa Arnot advised the trio to flee to their base before the rest of the Sherpas formed a crowd and stoned them to death. Following the incident, with the assistance of a Nepalese army officer, the two sides signed a peace agreement that ended the quarrel.
7. History of 450 million years
Photo: Tibet Travel
Despite the fact that the Himalayas were formed 60 million years ago, the history of Everest is actually much longer. The limestone and sandstone at the top of the mountain were once part of a layer of sedimentary rock below sea level 450 million years ago.
Over time, the rocks of the seabed formed an accumulation that was pushed upward at a rate of 11 centimeters per year, eventually forming the modern mountain. The upper reaches of Mount Everest now contain marine creature fossils and shell rock that was once at the bottom of the ancient ocean.
Researcher Noel Odell first discovered fossils in the rocks of Everest in 1924, proving that the mountain was once below sea level. The first fossilized Everest organisms were harvested by Swiss climbers in 1956 and an American climbing team in 1963.
6. Dispute about height
Photo: Tom Simcock
What is the actual height of Mount Everest? It depends on which side of the border you are on. China said the summit of Everest is 8,844 meters high, while Nepal estimates it is 8,848 meters.
The difference is due to the fact that, according to China, the mountain should be measured only by the height of the rocks, excluding the meters of snow at the very top. Whether it is a more correct measurement or not, the international community often includes snow when estimating the heights of mountains around the world.
The two countries came to an agreement in 2010, setting an official height of 8,848 meters.
5. The mountain is still growing
Photo: Pavel Novak
Based on recent measurements, both Chinese and Nepalese may be wrong in their assessment of the mountain's height.
A team of researchers discovered in 1994 that Everest continues to grow by about 4 millimeters every year. The Indian subcontinent was originally an independent land mass that collided with Asia, resulting in the Himalayas. The lithospheric plates continue to move, making the mountains continue to grow.
Researchers at the American Millennium Expedition in 1999 positioned a global positioning system at the top to measure height. Their measurements, more accurate thanks to modern technology, led to the fact that the official height of Everest will soon be changed to 8850 meters. In the meantime, other tectonic activity is actually causing the mountain to decrease in height, but the changes combined for the moment are giving rise to the mountain.
4. Lots of titles 
Photo: Ilker Ender
Despite the fact that most of us know the mountain called "Everest", the people of Tibet continue to call the mountain by the ancient name "Chomolungma" (or "Chomolungma"). The Tibetan name means "Mother Goddess of All Mountains." But this is not the only alternative name for the mountain. To the people of Nepal, the mountain is known as "Sagarmatha", which means "forehead in the sky", and accordingly the mountain is part of the Nepalese " National Park Sagarmatha "(Sagarmatha National Park).
The mountain got its name Everest only as a result of the fact that the British surveyor Andrew Waugh could not find a common local name. After studying maps of the surrounding area and never finding a suitable solution, he named the mountain after the geographer who worked in India, George Everest, the leader of the British team that first explored the Himalayas. Colonel Everest gave up the honor, but British officials officially changed the name of the mountain they used to Mount Everest in 1865. Previously, they called the mountain the 15th Peak.
3. Cork of people
Photo: Ralf Dujmovits
Despite the fact that the ascent to Mount Everest costs several thousand dollars, the number of those wishing to conquer the mountain is growing every year. In 2012, German climber Ralf Dujmovits took a shocking photo of hundreds of climbers queuing up to climb the summit. Ralph decided to turn back at the South Col of the mountain, due to the bad weather and the sight of a long line.
On May 19, 2012, climbers wishing to visit one of the attractions near the summit had to stand in line for two hours. In just half a day, 234 people climbed the summit of Everest. However, at the same time, 4 people died, which caused great concerns about the climbing process. Specialists from Nepal installed a new handrail that year to eliminate the "human congestion" and the question of installing at the top of the stairs is currently under discussion.
2. The most polluted mountain in the world
Photo: Himalaya Expeditions
Countless photographs document the climbers' journey to the summit of Mount Everest, but we rarely see photographs of what they leave behind. Everest is contaminated not only with the bodies of climbers, but, according to some estimates, 50 tons of waste, and this number is growing every season. On the slopes you can see many discarded oxygen tanks, climbing equipment and human excrement.
The Eco Everest Expedition has climbed the mountain every year since 2008 in an attempt to tackle the problem, and so far they have collected over 13 tons of waste. The government of Nepal introduced a new rule in 2014 that every climber must bring 8 kilograms of waste when descending the mountain, otherwise they will lose their $ 4,000 deposit.
The artists working on the Everest 8848 Art Project turned 8 tons of waste, including broken tents and beer cans, into 75 pieces of art. 65 porters worked on two expeditions in the spring to empty the trash, and artists turned it into sculptures to draw attention to the dirtiness of the mountain.
1. This is not the highest mountain
Despite the fact that Mount Everest is the highest point on Earth from sea level, Mauna Kea, an inactive volcano in Hawaii holds the record for the highest mountain in the world.
The peak of Everest is at a higher altitude, but this does not mean that the mountain is actually higher. Mauna Kea reaches an altitude of only 4,205 meters above sea level, but the volcano stretches 6,000 meters below the surface of the water. When measured from its base on the ocean floor, its height is 10,200 meters, exceeding the height of Everest by more than a kilometer.
In fact, depending on how you measure it, Everest is neither the tallest mountain nor the highest point on Earth. Chimborazo in Ecuador reaches only 6267 meters above sea level, but it is the highest point from the center of the Earth. This is due to the fact that Chimborazo is only one degree south of the equator. The earth in the center is slightly thicker, so the sea level of Ecuador is located further from the center of the planet than in Nepal.
As you know, Everest or Chomolungma is the highest mountain on our planet, and every year the number of climbers and tourists who dream of getting to its top only increases.
Theoretically, everyone can try their hand at conquering the highest point, but in practice, many inexperienced tourists are faced with the fact that they cannot overcome the distance to base camp Everest, which is located at an altitude of 5,200 meters, with an altitude of Everest - 8,845 meters above sea level.
Nowadays, if there is money and there are no acute health problems, then everyone can climb to the top, even without the most basic preparation. The question is, is the game worth the candle? There is already a choice for everyone.
People want to climb the summit of Everest for various reasons, for some, the climbing process itself is important, and for others, putting a tick in the list of things to do in life. In any case, this adventure is neither cheap nor short.
In order to reach the summit of Mount Everest, you need at least $ 15,000 and at least 2 months. Everyone who wants to conquer Everest signs a paper in which he indicates that he does it of his own free will, and no one is responsible for the possible consequences.
Today, there are 3 ways to reach the top of Everest:
Solo or solo ascent;
Climbing on your own as part of a group;
Climbing as part of a commercial expedition.
The cheapest and most comfortable way is to climb Mount Everest as part of a commercial expedition. To do this, first, you need to get to the base camp. Climbing Everest takes place from March to May and from August to October. At this time, the most favorable conditions for climbing.
In the case of a team ascent, the cost of the ascent reaches $ 55,000, and in the case of a solo ascent of about $ 85,000. Consider how much it costs to climb Everest.
First of all, the flight. First you need to get to Kathmandu. The cost of a one-way flight per person from Kiev will cost $ 724, the cost of a flight from Moscow to Kathmandu will cost $ 573. A visa to Nepal will cost $ 75.
After, from Kathmandu you need to get to Lukla. Flights start at $ 250. The next expensive item is accommodation in Kathmandu. Accommodation in a hostel per day, double separate room will cost about $ 17, breakfast is separately - $ 4 per person. On a budget, you can live in Kathmandu for 5 days for $ 150 per person.
As for the cargo, you will have a lot of it, including equipment, food, water, personal belongings. The cargo can be transported by car directly to the base camp, it will cost from $ 2000. Going to the base camp and carrying the cargo with the help of porters will cost from $ 150 per day, depending on the weight.
Also, porters and guides need tips, on average, for 7 days of transition to the base camp, the cost will be from $ 150 to $ 700, depending on how many people you hire.
Upon arrival, you need to register and pay a fee - $ 400. Most of the costs will be the cost of equipment and equipment, for a team of 4 people the cost will be about $ 20,000 - 40,000.
Another important point is the group's mobile communication with the camp and along the route as a whole, for this you will need to hire a special person - a liaison, the cost of his services is about $ 3000.
Of course, there is medical care in the base camp, it doesn't matter if you use it or not, you still have to pay a fee of $ 100.
Be sure to pay for the ascent of Everest itself (permit) - $ 10,000 per person.
Due to the fact that every year Everest climbs or tries to climb more and more and more tourists, then, respectively, and garbage here more than enough. In certain circles, Everest began to be called the highest mountain dump in the world.
But, the locals do not want to tolerate such an attitude towards the sacred mountains, and therefore each group is charged a garbage collection fee of $ 12,000.
Here are just the most basic costs that cannot be avoided. And this is just the beginning, for average comfort and safety you will need to spend more money. For example, to lay a route through the icefalls - for a group it will cost $ 2500, in addition, you can lay railings along the route, it will cost $ 100 per person.
You also need to pay extra for a weather forecast - up to $ 3000. Along the route, you need to set up camps for overnight stays, at least 5, at least it will cost $ 9000 for three.
Of course, the group needs to eat something and someone has to cook food for everyone, for this they often hire a separate cook and an assistant cook, the cost of their services for 6 weeks is $ 5000.
There is also a range of services for the ascent, which includes the very minimum, its cost is $ 8000, this is only the ascent, which includes:
Oxygen cylinder rental;
Oxygen mask rental;
Oxygen regulator rental;
The work of assistants.
Climbing is also possible without oxygen tanks, but it is quite difficult and not every organism can withstand it. Due to the lack of oxygen, many begin to hallucinate. Climbing Mount Everest is not only a physical test, most likely, first of all, it is a moral test.
Before leaving, ask yourself a few questions: are you ready to live 2-3 months in tents, practically in Spartan conditions, are you ready to endure the temperature change per day from + 45 degrees to -45 degrees, are you ready for constant movement forward and upward and to many difficulties and unforeseen situations on the way?
In the case of the ascent of assistants, porters (sherpas) to the summit of Everest, they will also have to pay from $ 250 to $ 2000. You should also take care of the additional possible costs:
a) personal expenses - about $ 15,000;
b) tip - about $ 2000;
c) calling rescuers to the slopes - up to $ 7000;
d) communication services - about $ 1000.
Of course, after reading all this and calculating the cost, desire may pass into the background, but, according to those who have already visited the summit of Everest, this is a very small price to pay for what you will feel while there.
Moreover, this is an extraordinary life experience that cannot be bought for any money in the world. A good incentive can be the fact that during the conquest of Everest, a person's body weight decreases from 10 to 15 kilograms.
Summing up, we can say with confidence that everyone can conquer the highest point of the planet, this requires desire and money, and both of them should be in large quantities.
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Everest climbers (Photo by Lloyd Smith) Top of the world - Everest (Photo by Pavel Novak) Airplane view of Everest (shrimpo1967 / flickr.com) Consumables - trash left by climbers Climbing Everest (Mahatma4711 / flickr.com) McKay Savage / flickr.com Mountaineering Camp (Kirsten / flickr.com)
Almost every person today knows the highest peak on Earth, however, probably not everyone knows who was the first to conquer Everest?
Climbing the highest mountain in the world is quite difficult and dangerous. It requires good training, equipment and mountaineering experience.
In addition to the very difficult climb conditions, it should be noted that the atmospheric pressure at the summit is only about a third of the normal pressure at sea level.
In this regard, the conquest of Everest without the use of oxygen masks is very difficult.
The most favorable time for climbing the summit is the first half of May.
The first ascent of Everest took place on May 29, 1953. On that day, New Zealand climber Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay conquered the summit.
It should be noted that the mountain was not named after one of the conquerors, as one might expect. So after whom did it get its name? The summit was named after George Everest, who was the chief surveyor of British India in the 1830s and 40s.
The first serious attempts to conquer highest mountain in the world have been undertaken since the 1920s. However, reaching the top was not so easy. Already in 1922, the mark was reached 8320 meters above sea level (then supplemental oxygen was used for the first time), and two years later - 8600 m.
Numerous attempts were also made in the 1930s and 40s, but they were all unsuccessful. All early attempts to ascend were carried out from the side of China, since Nepal was at that time a country closed to foreigners. Subsequently, the situation changed and most of the ascents began to be carried out already from Nepal, which is explained by the difficulties of getting climbers into the TAP.
Who was the first to conquer Everest?
The very first successful ascent was made on May 29, 1953 by Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary from New Zealand. The route of the expedition passed through the South Col.
Everest Conquerors: Summit Records
Subsequently, climbers from many countries of the world ascended Mount Chomolungma. In 1976, the first woman climbed Mount Everest. She was a climber from Japan.
Two years later, two climbers were the very first to ascend the summit without using oxygen. In 1980, one of them climbed to the top again, but now alone.
He again did not use supplemental oxygen, nor did he use the services of porters.
The youngest climber to climb the mountain was only 13 years old, and the oldest 80 years old. In 2001, Everest was conquered by a blind American. The most numerous expedition to Mount Everest was the ascent of a team of 410 Chinese climbers in 1975.
The Sherpa Appa Tenzing has climbed the highest mountain in the world 21 times - more than anyone else. In 2011, one Nepalese spent thirty-two hours at the summit, the current record for the longest stay. The previous record also belonged to the Sherpa, who stayed at the summit for 21 hours and 30 minutes.
In May 2014, Malawath Purna from India conquered Mount Everest, becoming the youngest woman to climb. Then she was only 13 years old.
Modern ascents: two base camps on opposite sides of Everest
At the beginning of 2014, more than four thousand climbers from all over the world have already climbed Everest. More than 2,800 of them have made more than one ascent.
Climbing Camp (Kirsten / flickr.com)
Every year about five hundred people try to conquer the highest mountain on Earth, but only a few succeed. To a large extent, success depends on weather conditions and equipment. The last 300 meters are the most difficult.
Today, the conquerors of Everest make ascents both from Nepal and from China. There are 18 different official routes. There are two base camps located on opposite sides of the mountain.
The Nepalese base camp is at an altitude of 5364 m, and the Tibetan base camp is at an elevation of 5150 m. The Tibetan camp can be reached by car.
Along with acclimatization and the installation of camps, the ascent takes quite a long time - about two months. Of these, about two weeks take the ascent with acclimatization from Kathmandu to the base camp, and about a month more - acclimatization in the camp itself.
The financial side: how much does it cost to conquer Everest?
In addition to the duration, conquering the summit costs a lot of money. A permit from the Nepalese government alone will cost about ten thousand dollars.
Climbing Mount Everest (Rick McCharles / flickr.com)
Other expenses related to the ascent are also quite expensive. These include the services of guides, porters, various instructions, accommodation at the base camp, etc. Thus, the total cost of the ascent can reach fifty thousand dollars.
Climbing from the Tibetan base camp costs about the same and also requires permission from the Chinese government. Due to the very high cost of climbing, often today wealthy tourists who have almost no mountaineering experience try to climb Everest.
In recent years, the number of ascents has increased significantly and continues to increase. Due to too many volunteers, "traffic jams" are sometimes created on the slopes of the mountain.
Accidents
It should also be noted that from the first successful ascent to the present day, trying to reach the summit, more than two hundred people died.
The bodies of the dead are often left on the mountain, since it can be extremely difficult to evacuate them. Some of them even serve as landmarks. Many of the dead were covered in avalanches or fell into various crevices and remain unidentified to this day.
The most massive death of people on the mountain occurred in April 2014. Then the avalanche caused the death of 16 people.
Another famous tragic incident occurred in May 1996, when 8 people froze to death during a storm.
The safest year in the history of the conquest of Chomolungma is 1993. Then out of 129 climbers who conquered the summit, only 8 people died.
Everest is the highest peak of our planet and creepy dangerous place... Every ten successful ascents end in one death. Almost all of dead climbers lost their lives for similar reasons: an avalanche, falling into an abyss, hypothermia, a wrong decision, and, of course, recklessness.
Everest - climbing history
The long history of climbing Mount Everest is a kind of warning about the insidiousness of the local nature, a reminder of tragic events. Extreme circumstances have turned the top of the world into a real mountain of death: the bodies of climbers who risked conquering the greatness of the planet rest on the slopes.
Everest is called the third pole of the Earth
But the climate here is much more severe than the North and South Poles. The air temperature at the foot rarely exceeds zero, but in winter it drops to -60 ° C. Above the slopes, thorny winds rage, the speed of gusts of which reaches 200 kilometers per hour.
A thin atmosphere and a low percentage of oxygen adversely affect health. Climbing, even for the most inveterate extreme climbers, turns into a difficult test, bordering on the limit of human capabilities. Under the influence of extreme loads, the heart refuses, the equipment freezes, and each next movement is fraught with irreversible consequences. The slightest mistake becomes the cost of life. Everest rules the fate of people, guided by the cruel laws of survival.
Local Sherpa guides
8000 meters above sea level is not a place where you can expect help. Only true fanatics undertake to conquer the legendary peak. Climbing Mount Everest is a difficult, dangerous job. And the achievement of this goal is subject only to the favorites of fortune.
Locals the feet of Everest are called Sherpas
Nature has helped these people to adapt to the conditions of a harsh climate and thin air. Sherpas are adapted to the terrain: they are ready to do the work of porters, guides and become indispensable helpers. It is difficult for an adequate person to imagine climbing without such assistants. Thanks to the work of the Sherpas, climbing expeditions are provided with ropes, equipment is delivered on time, and rescue operations are carried out. Local residents work for money, because there is no other way to provide for their families. 
Every day, in any weather, Sherpas come to the foot to work. In fact, they risk their lives for the "crazy rich" who pay for their irrepressible thirst for fresh impressions.
Climbing Everest is expensive. The lower bar starts at $ 30,000, and the desire to save money leads to a tragic ending
The latest statistic claims that more than 150 people rest on the slopes of Death Mountain. Climbers each time have to pass the bodies of the dead, and deviations from the route are strictly prohibited. Because, every hero, striving for the top, can break loose, crash or lose consciousness due to oxygen starvation. Chomolungma, another name for Mount Everest, does not forgive mistakes.
The first tragedy
Opening today's tragic "death list" was George Mallory. He died while descending from the height of Mount Everest in 1924. Mallory walked, tied with a rope to his comrade Irving. The travelers were observed by other members of the expedition through binoculars 150 meters from the peak. For a while, the clouds covered the tandem of extreme sportsmen, and the observers lost sight of them. So Mallory and Irving went missing. And this story of the death of European climbers has long remained a mystery. 
Later, in 1975, one of the members of the next expedition stated that he saw a frozen corpse, but could not approach the deceased climber. And in 1999, Mallory's body was found next to the bodies of other dead climbers. George was lying on his stomach (west of the main route): he froze in the pose of a man hugging a mountain. His limbs and face were frozen into the surface of the slope. The second climber, Irving, was never found. The rope in the harness with Mallory was cut with a knife. Perhaps Irving simply left the deceased comrade, continuing to move. 
Law of the jungle
Almost all the bodies of climbers remain on the slopes of the mountain forever. It is simply impossible to evacuate unfortunate people. Even modern helicopters cannot climb Everest. People involved in removing frozen bodies are hired only on rare occasions, so the bodies of the dead continue to lie on the surface. The icy winds turn dead heroes into ossified skeletons, and a terrible picture is presented to the gaze of travelers. 
A well-known forwarder, a master of sporting achievements in rock climbing in the former USSR, Alexander Abramov claims that in conditions of high altitudes, behavior that is completely unacceptable in everyday life is considered the norm. And the bodies of dead climbers that come across along the routes should serve as a sacred reminder. After all, when lifting, you must act extremely carefully. Year after year, more corpses appear at the heights of Everest. Such consequences of inexperience and recklessness are difficult to prevent. 
Looking over the stories of climbing Everest, it becomes obvious that people, inspired by the victory of the ascent, indifferently pass next to the corpses. At a deadly height, the so-called "law of the jungle" rules: they leave the dead and even exhausted, but still living people. There are many examples of such cold-blooded behavior.
Chasing glory
In 1996, Japanese climbers did not help their Indian colleagues. The athletes decided not to interrupt the ascent and calmly walked along the freezing Indians. Following back, the Japanese stumbled upon the corpses of the frozen conquerors of Everest. 
A terrible story also happened in 2006. A climber from Great Britain froze on the side of the mountain. The film crew of the "Discovery" TV channel, which consisted of 42 people, was walking nearby. Nobody helped the dying athlete, because each member of this large group was striving for personal victory, and there was simply no time for "good deeds".
David Sharp climbed to the peak alone, because among the professionals he was considered an experienced climber. But the equipment let him down: the traveler was left without oxygen and fell on the slope. As the members of the film crew passing by later claimed, the Briton just lay down to rest. 
In addition, on this day, the attention of journalists, television and other media was riveted to the feat of Mark Inglis, who conquered the top, having prostheses instead of legs. Inglis himself later admitted that the television men, in pursuit of a sensation, left Sharpe in need of professional help to die. 
David Sharpe was well acquainted with the local harsh manners, and the main reason for his unsuccessful rise was a lack of money... The hero went to conquer Everest alone, refusing the services of the Sherpas. Perhaps the incident would have ended differently if David had been able to pay for the services of the guides.
People who remain human regardless of the circumstances
The dead climbers are sometimes themselves guilty of their own death. The tragedy of 1998, in which the spouses Sergei Arsentiev and Francis Distefano passed away, is a clear example of this. The couple set off to conquer the summit, wanting to set a new record for being at the peak without oxygen. Descending, husband and wife lost each other: Sergei returned to the camp, and Francis was found by another expedition. Experienced climbers offered the athlete oxygen and tea completely disinterestedly. However, the woman refused from the oxygen cylinder, wanting to keep the previously set record. 
The athlete froze, and her husband, who went in search, fell down and crashed. Francis was discovered by the next expedition, which could no longer help. The woman spent two nights at low temperatures and died from hypothermia. A year later, Sergei's body was found in the same place where the notorious Mallory had once died. 
In 1999, another climber from Ukraine was found next to the American woman. The athlete spent the night in a terrible cold, but since they managed to provide him with timely assistance, the hero was saved. True, he lost four fingers, but this is just a trifle, as the rescued himself later said. 
Modern ascents
Expeditions of a commercial nature are systematically sent to conquer the top of the world. Inexperienced, ill-prepared travelers are given the opportunity to visit Everest and capture all the stages of the ascent. And money in this matter plays the most important role.
After the tragedy that happened to Sharpe, another group was equipped at the peak of death, which included a visually impaired person. His name was Thomas Weber. An expedition of eight athletes found the body of the Briton, but continued the ascent with the same attitude. Before reaching the top of 50 meters, Weber felt that his eyesight had dropped sharply. The athlete lost consciousness and died suddenly. Soon, his partner, the climber Hall, reported on the radio that he was not feeling well, after which he passed out himself. The Sherpas set out to assist the freezing climber. But they failed to bring Hall to his senses. The Sherpas received a command to return. They left the athlete without finding out whether he is alive or dead. 
Seven hours later, the next expedition followed the same route, which accidentally found Hall alive. The climber was provided with hot tea and necessary medicines. The rescue operation began. Lincoln Hall was a wealthy and famous person, unlike David Sharpe. Therefore, Hall received professional help, only freezing his hands.
There are stories about people who have retained their humanity. We talked about them in our article. But do not forget that there is another side of the coin ...
