The problem of migration is quite acute almost all over the world, especially in Europe and Russia in particular due to the large influx of residents of the former USSR republics into its territory due to the lack of jobs in their homeland.
Very often, such migrants do not even have visas or other documents allowing them to carry out work activities on the territory of the Russian Federation.
That is why a system of labor patents, or special permits to perform labor activities in the country, was created for a similar group of citizens.
Without such a document, any visa-free migrant cannot carry out labor activities legally, that is, without violating Russian legislation.
The hiring procedure is unfocused according to several codes (Tax, Labor, Code of Administrative Offenses) and a number of federal laws (on the legal status of foreigners, etc.). In particular, the patent system is based on what was released back in 2002.
This article will tell you the procedure for creating patents and issuing them, the necessary documentation and the rules for issuing work permits in Russia.
There are several ways to check: through the Federal Migration Service, online, through the official website of the Moscow Medical Center. Here are step-by-step instructions on how you can check the readiness of a patent and check the status of the application.
Conditions for obtaining a patent to work in the Russian Federation
If the country of citizenship has not signed the Customs Union, then a patent becomes a mandatory condition for doing work.The patent system is quite complex. The first step is to understand whether a patent is really needed to legally work in the country.
Be sure to check if your country of citizenship is part of the Customs Union.
Citizens of Kazakhstan, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia in Russia have a number of privileges, and they do not need a document to carry out work activities.
However, if the country of citizenship has not signed the Customs Union, then a patent becomes a mandatory condition for doing work.
Article 13, paragraph 3 of the Federal Law “On the Legal Status of Foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation” clearly states 3 conditions, the presence of which is required for anyone wishing to obtain a patent:
- Citizens who arrived in the Russian Federation without a visa can apply for work papers.
- When crossing the border, the migration card must indicate “Work” as the purpose of stay in the country.
- Only an adult can carry out labor activities under a patent in the country.
Registration of a patent for work
If you have a visa, then it is not a patent that is issued, but a work permit Migrants arriving in Russia without a visa and wishing to obtain a work patent should have the submission of documents in the foreground.
The time frame is quite limited - a month after arriving in the country.
Previously, the Federal Migration Service of Russia was in charge of issuing patents, but since 2016 its powers were transferred to the Main Directorate for Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
A foreign visa-free citizen can apply for a labor patent in the following places:
- Head office or divisions of the Directorate for Migration Issues of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
- Multifunctional centers for the provision of public services.
- Intermediary firms providing services on migration issues.
Important! It does not matter where the patent is obtained; the document is always issued only by government agencies personally into the hands of the recipient. You can obtain a patent and its validity at the place of receipt.
To obtain a patent, you need to contact a special authority with a package of documents. However, even before contacting the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to comply with all the requirements of migration legislation on this issue.
Step-by-step instructions for obtaining will look like this:
- You must enter the territory of Russia with a foreign passport without a visa (if you have a visa, you will be issued a work permit, not a patent).
- When crossing the border, while filling out a migration card, the purpose of arrival must be written down in the column - “Employment” or “Work”.
- After entering the country, an insurance policy is issued on the same day.
- A week is given to complete migration registration at your place of residence or work address. Citizens of Tajikistan have a benefit: they are given 15 days to register.
- A patent for the work must be issued within the next 30 days.
If you violate the deadlines of the month, it is possible to obtain a document, but you must pay a fine, otherwise any work activity carried out will be considered illegal.
To obtain a document, you need to provide a package of documents and go through several procedures:
- Passing a mandatory medical commission with the issuance of a certificate of absence of diseases.
- Passing an exam on knowledge of the language, legislation and history of Russia with documented results.
- Registration of a voluntary health insurance policy before the end of the period of work in the country (the policy is attached to the package of documents).
- Payment of personal income tax for one month on a patent with the addition of a receipt for payment.
- Translate your passport details and have them notarized.
- Submit your fingerprints.
- Take a photo.
- Fill out the required patent application form.
In addition to this data, a package of papers is collected:
- International passport.
- A document confirming migration registration.
- A fully completed patent application for a visa-exempt citizen of another country.
- Migration card with completed purpose – Work.
- Insurance in the form of a VHI policy.
- If there is a delay in providing documents to obtain a certificate, a receipt for payment of the fine is attached.
After submitting all the required documents to the selected authority, you must wait 10 days, after which the paper is issued in person or the migrant receives a notification of refusal.
Sample work patent How to check the readiness of a patent and find out the status of the application
There are a number of ways to check readiness, this issue is especially relevant for those who want to get a job as quickly as possible:
Attention! If the Ministry of Internal Affairs does not have a patent number in its database, carefully consider this information and contact the migration center, as this may mean that the patent was obtained illegally or that it has expired.
What documents are needed upon receipt?
When receiving a document, in addition to the rule of handing it in person, you are required to present 2 documents:
- passport;
- check for advance payment for the patent.
Without these papers, a migrant worker cannot obtain a patent. It is impossible to obtain documents through an intermediary.
Cost and duration of a patent
Article 227 of the Tax Code talks about the amount of fees for a patent.
It is indexed every year and depends entirely on the region of Russia:
| The subject of the Russian Federation | Monthly cost | Duration of validity in months |
| Altai region | 3561 | 1-12 |
| Amurskaya | 5509 | 1-12 |
| Arkhangelskaya | 3439 | 1-12 |
| Astrakhan | 3702 | 1-12 |
| Bashkortostan | 3500 | 1-12 |
| Belgorodskaya | 4386 | 1-12 |
| Bryansk | 3439 | 1-12 |
| The Republic of Buryatia | 4755 | 1-12 |
| Vladimirskaya | 3500 | 1-12 |
| Volgogradskaya | 3116 | 1-12 |
| Vologda | 4767 | 1-12 |
| Voronezh | 3965 | 1-12 |
| Dagestan | 2630 | 1-12 |
| Jewish Autonomous Region | 4289 | 1-12 |
| Ivanovskaya | 3419 | 1-12 |
| Ingushetia | 4451 | 1-12 |
| Irkutsk | 4676 | 1-12 |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | 2023 | 1-12 |
| Kaliningradskaya | 4148 | 1-12 |
| Kalmykia | 3035 | 1-12 |
| Kaluzhskaya | 4000 | 1-12 |
| Kamchatka | 5564 | 1-12 |
| Karachay-Cherkessia | 3237 | 1-12 |
| Karelia | 4107 | 1-12 |
| Kemerovo | 3611 | 1-12 |
| Kirovskaya | 3379 | 1-12 |
| Komi Republic | 3824 | 1-12 |
| Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug | 3824 | 1-12 |
| Kostromskaya | 2697 | 1-12 |
| Krasnodar region | 3614 | 1-12 |
| Krasnoyarsk region | 3601 | 1-12 |
| Kurganskaya | 3804 | 1-12 |
| Kursk | 4419 | 1-12 |
| Leningradskaya | 3500 | 1-12 |
| Lipetskaya | 4046 | 1-12 |
| Magadan | 5058 | 1-12 |
| Marie-El | 2023 | 1-12 |
| Mordovia | 3929 | 1-12 |
| Moscow | 4300 | 1-12 |
| Moscow | 4500 | 1-12 |
| Murmansk | 3642 | 1-12 |
| Nizhny Novgorod | 4148 | 1-12 |
| Novgorodskaya | 4249 | 1-12 |
| Novosibirsk | 3581 | 1-12 |
| Omsk | 3009 | 1-12 |
| Orenburgskaya | 3561 | 1-12 |
| Orlovskaya | 3336 | 1-12 |
| Penza | 3277 | 1-12 |
| Perm region | 3642 | 1-12 |
| Primorsky Krai | 4127 | 1-12 |
| Pskovskaya | 3427 | 1-12 |
| Rostovskaya | 3237 | 1-12 |
| Ryazan | 4046 | 1-12 |
| Samara | 3642 | 1-12 |
| Saratovskaya | 2023 | 1-12 |
| Sakhalin | 3653 | 1-12 |
| Sverdlovskaya | 4728 | 1-12 |
| Stavropol region | 3682 | 1-12 |
| Tambovskaya | 3700 | 1-12 |
| Tatarstan | 3662 | 1-12 |
| Tverskaya | 5194 | 1-12 |
| Tomsk | 3500 | 1-12 |
| Tyva | 3870 | 1-12 |
| Tula | 3844 | 1-12 |
| Tyumen | 5333 | 1-12 |
| Udmurtia | 3642 | 1-12 |
| Ulyanovskaya | 3136 | 1-12 |
| Khabarovsk region | 3541 | 1-12 |
| Khakassia | 4046 | 1-12 |
| Khanty-Mansiysk | 4156 | 1-12 |
| Chelyabinsk | 3740 | 1-12 |
| Chechen Republic | 2023 | 1-12 |
| Chuvash Republic | 4046 | 1-12 |
| Yakutia | 2023 | 1-12 |
| Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 8354 | 1-12 |
| Yaroslavskaya | 3844 | 1-12 |
How to avoid scammers
The demand for patents is becoming stronger every year, since the number of visa-free foreign citizens is practically never ending.
Given their poor knowledge of the language and practical lack of knowledge of the legislative framework of the Russian Federation, migrants often become victims of scammers. Very often, after giving money, they receive a false document or are left without a document.
To avoid such situations, contact special authorities working on migration issues. Be sure to check electronic services for checking patent validity. Only with a correctly issued patent can a foreign citizen carry out legal work activities.
