What to see in Warsaw: the old town, castles, skyscrapers and the best museums in the Polish capital. A great story about our trip to Warsaw and why it is worth going to this city.
I don't know why, but I have always had some mixed feelings about Warsaw. Even now - I like and dislike this city at the same time. Love and hate. Once upon a time I already wrote that within the boundaries of Warsaw one can easily find reflections of various cities - Minsk, Moscow, Prague, and even New York. And after our last September trip, I only became firmly convinced of this opinion. We rented an apartment near the financial center of Warsaw, and every time I went outside, I had my own central park in front of my eyes (yes, of course, I have never been to New York, but deep down, I always imagined its just like that).
You walk another couple of hundred meters - and a gigantic building of the Palace of Culture and Science rises over your head (I don't even know ... is it necessary to explain the existing parallels with Moscow here)?
Further - a set of square socialist houses (almost the same as somewhere in Kharkov or Gomel). Further - Warsaw's Old Town ... Then decide for yourself what it looks more like ... Prague, Krakow, Riga ... The classic European "old town" with an abundance of cobbled streets, tiled buildings and pretty street cafes.
If you wish, you can even find echoes of Grodno in the outlines of Warsaw. Well, look ...
Warsaw ...
As in the case of the "Stalinist skyscraper", there is no need to add anything here at all.
Warsaw is a mosaic city, a patchwork city. He has many faces. And this is probably what makes it unique. Before this September trip, I had already been to the capital of Poland 7 or 8 times, but despite this, even on this last visit I still managed to find something new in it.
But I will not get too far ahead ... Let's talk about everything in order. I promised to show you Warsaw ...
Then get your umbrellas and raincoats. In this crazy September, the weather in the Polish capital was constantly changing.
Old city
Pieces of the heart of Warsaw and the youngest old city in the world. If you know at least a little about the history of World War II, then you probably know without me that the capital of Poland was practically destroyed during active hostilities. The old town of Warsaw was rebuilt already in the fifties - according to old photographs, comments of former residents and archival documents. As a result, from this ...
It turned out this ...
For which the Poles from me personally, of course, a huge respect. In 1980, the old town of Warsaw was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List "as an exceptional example of the almost complete restoration of buildings from the historical period." Today the Warsaw "Starowka" is one of the most popular parts of the Polish capital. At least I photographed her from all possible angles. With and without the Chinese ... Day and night ...
Something ... But Warsaw's old town has always seemed to me a very atmospheric and photogenic place. I hope my photos will be able to convey the mood of these streets and squares. Watch and enjoy!
Warsaw trams scurrying back and forth ...
Honor guard at the walls of the presidential palace ...
And the presidential palace itself ...
Art installation in honor of the play "Wedding" by Polish writer Stanislav Wyspianski.
And one more art installation dedicated this time to a real character - Tadeusz Kosciuszko. He's a superman here from Krypton. Just look at how the eyes are burning.
Plus a small religious concert at the Column of Sigismund.
A woman with a microphone in three languages repeats that Jesus loves me. Yeah ... How ... As for me, he says this to everyone. If he did, he would at least treat me to dinner. Well, or there ... I took it to the movies ... And so ...
A little more about the old town of Warsaw
In the last paragraph, I wrote about the whole old city as a whole. And in this, on the contrary, I will try to focus on the many variegated little things that can be found on its streets. What is it about? Well, for example ... Chopin Benches.
There are only 14 of them in the capital of Poland. They are located along the tourist route "In the Footsteps of Chopin", in those points that are somehow connected with the life and work of the famous composer. Roughly speaking - where he lived ... where he studied ... where he drank beer with friends ... There is a special button on the seat of each bench. You press it and within 30 seconds you listen to one of the composer's hits. Can you imagine in Minsk the same benches, only dedicated to Max Korzh? You press the button and from there: "I will push you into the car by force ... I will take you to the boys ...". That would be cool. By the way ... (returning to Warsaw) ... You can even take a selfie with the composer near Chopin's benches. Download a special application and go. Personally, I didn't do it. Well, you decide for yourself. If you suddenly see Frederick, ask him why he has been giving concerts so rarely lately. He, of course, is not Max Korzh. But many are bored.
By the way, a little more about Chopin ... I don't know if you know or not, but the heart of the famous composer is kept right in the center of Warsaw - in the old Church of the Holy Cross (which was successfully covered with scaffolding on the day of our visit). It is not difficult to find it. Go inside the church and find such a bas-relief.
I read somewhere that Chopin's heart recently exhumed. They say everything is OK with him so far. Maybe someone should transplant? What if another Chopin would appear? Such a Frankenstein can be sent to Eurovision.
However, okay ... Let's assume that we have dealt with Chopin. Let's go further ... Now a small paragraph about Warsaw mermaids (sirens)... This is one of the symbols of the Polish capital, and also its city coat of arms. There are two monuments to the Warsaw sirens on the streets of Warsaw. One stands in the Market Square.
The other is on the banks of the Vistula, not far from the Copernicus Science Center.
Both ladies with a sword. And both ladies are topless. Fighting without a lyphone is probably much more convenient. "C" - quick-wittedness.
By the way ... Continuing the topic ... A little more about quick wits. Do you know where is the narrowest house in the old town of Warsaw? I also did not know before - in the area of Kanonia street. Here it is.
Yes, yes ... These are the two windows between the facades. Free Walking Tours, which are regularly held in Warsaw, tell us that in ancient times the value of the land tax directly depended on the width of the front facade. Actually, this circumstance led to the appearance of this house. By the way, if you walk around the house from the back side, it will not be narrow at all. Look ...
How do you like it? I say: quick-wittedness.
Returning to Kanonia Street, I will also note that it is here that one of the most famous magical places in Warsaw is located - Wishing Bell.
You touch him, walk around three times, and the desire is fulfilled. Everything is very simple. They say that this is how Macaulay Culkin glued Mila Kunis. I personally have no other explanation for their romance.
About Warsaw skyscrapers
I love skyscrapers. I just trudge from them. Therefore, during this trip, I specifically decided to rent an apartment in the financial center of Warsaw. The apartment, to be honest, turned out to be so-so. But here is the view from the window and the view that I contemplated every day on the way to the house ... It was just space. Especially at night. Just imagine: a dark sky, skyscrapers and a myriad of lights ... In such a place, the energy of a big city is felt in a special way.
Reducing the degree of vanilla, we must honestly admit that Warsaw skyscrapers are far from the most beautiful skyscrapers that I have ever seen in my life. In Moscow, for example, skyscrapers are much cooler. But, even in spite of this, I still recommend that you take a walk in the Plac Defilad area. Although, probably, and without my words, you are unlikely to miss it. Huge soviet building Palace of Culture and Science can be seen from many points of the city. For many years since its construction (1955), this huge "Stalinist skyscraper" has become one of the symbols of the city. I even have a magnet with her image hanging on my refrigerator.
In 1955, this 237-meter building was built as a gift from the Soviet people to the people of Poland. But precisely because of this circumstance, this project has been repeatedly criticized by the leading politicians of the Republic of Poland. The building was called the Polish analogue of the Berlin Wall, "the ghost of communism prevails over the city" and "Warsaw's most unwanted gift." As a result, several times in the political environment in Poland, projects to dismantle the building were seriously considered. In particular, the head of the Polish Foreign Ministry proposed to build a pond on the site of the building and symbolically demolish the Palace on the day of the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall. However, the construction was defended by ordinary residents of Warsaw, as well as architects and economists, who said that the demolition of such a huge building would cost the city treasury a considerable amount. As a result, it was decided to preserve the building, but a whole area of skyscrapers was erected around it, "which, although they do not completely hide the Palace, partly distract attention to themselves." This decision suited everyone.
Today, the Kultury i Nauki Palace is included in the TOP 10 tallest buildings in the EU. Within its walls are museums, cinemas, restaurants, bookstores, scientific institutes, swimming pools, exhibition halls and several theaters at once. The tower is crowned with a huge spire, just below which there is an observation deck. You can climb it for 20 zlotys. But I would not say that it blows off the roof from the views there. Especially considering that all the windows are covered with bars.
About Warsaw palaces
Warsaw Royal Castle... It is located in the very center of the city, so you are unlikely to pass it by. A huge red building with a pointed tower is located directly opposite the Column of Sigismund and is, in fact, one of the most important buildings in the Old City. Like other buildings of the "old", the castle was destroyed by the Germans during the Second World War. Subsequently, the complex of buildings was restored. However, reconstruction work in the palace continued until 1988.
Today, the Royal Castle of Warsaw is a collection of buildings, which includes, in addition to the front building with a tower, a palace "under the badge", Kubicki's arcades and some other buildings whose names you will not remember anyway. Therefore, I will not include the format of the encyclopedia, but instead I would rather advise you to bypass the palace with the side to the part of the complex that looks “face” on the Vistula.
She looks really cool. And next to it there is a green labyrinth and even a small garden. Turning off the lights ... And here's everything you need for a ghost movie.
Lazienki Palace... He's a palace on the water. He's a palace with squirrels. There are so many of them that you can go to this place only for their sake. How to find squirrels in Lazienki park? No way. Just don't bother with this topic and believe me - they will find you on their own.
This is that gopota really. It was only in this palace park that I was frightened for the first time in my life by a squirrel. Imagine you squat down and lisp with her: "Come to me, my dear." And then this red-haired something notices you, turns around, pushes off with its paws and suddenly begins to rapidly pick up speed. It rushes with all the dope and also bounces on the go, as if it is going to grab your face. Fu ... Already trembling in the body. It's good that I'm about ninety-five meters ... Try to jump to my face again.
In short, I will summarize: a) there is a lot of protein in Lazienki; b) the squirrels in Lazienki are still arrogant creatures. They are all hand-fed and do not offend them, so when they see a person, they almost jump on their necks.
To help you survive in Lazienkowski Park, try to adhere to a few simple rules of survival. A), do not look the squirrel in the eyes, otherwise you can just fall for it, be touched - and then everything, the battle is lost (it will break you into nuts and then it will just dynamite, and all you have to do is write poetry on the asphalt and throw it at the wall VK sad songs). B), do not hand-feed the squirrels (or at least do it carefully); remember Warsaw squirrels as beautiful as Paris and dangerous as Chelyabinsk.
C), if one squirrel has prodynamic you - do not rush to cut your veins. As they say, there are still many squirrels in the ocean. They look out from behind every tree. You don't have to chase after them. Wait a bit (the pimples will go away), and they will chase after you.
But seriously ... Royal Lazienki is a very cool place. A beautiful park with Chinese pagodas; smooth lawns with flower beds; some antique statues next to the palace ... And of course, the palace-on-the-water itself with the surrounding buildings ...
I can't say that this is the most beautiful palace I've ever seen, but it's definitely worth a visit. In the summer months, a peacock even walks near its walls! And in general there is a lot of interesting things, so a little later there will be a separate article about this park. In the meantime, just a couple more photos ...
Well, for example ... Miniature "The granddaughter tries to feed the grandmother to the pigeons in order to move to her apartment" ... The pigeons start from the hand. Grandma still doesn't understand anything.
"Battle for the Grapes". Directed by Fyodor Bondarchuk.
"Don't look ... I'm not wearing makeup" ...
Ujazdowski Palace... It is located about a kilometer from azienki. Also surrounded by a park. It also has its own small pond. It was once the residence of the Polish king Augustus II. It was destroyed during the war. And then it was rebuilt again in 1975.
As they say: hello to Belarusian castles, which have been in ruins for decades. How many such castles could be restored for the cost of some Bobruisk arena?
Wilanow Palace.
In my opinion, the most beautiful palace in Warsaw. In terms of its scope and park environment, it is somewhat reminiscent of Viennese palaces (although it looks a little more modest). It is considered a masterpiece of the Baroque and "a matter of Poland's national pride." There will also be a separate article about him a little later. In the meantime, I will only write that it is located on the southeastern outskirts of Warsaw. It takes about 40 minutes to get there from the center. But I emphasize: the palace itself is definitely worth it. And more ... If you are planning to go there, keep in mind that on Thursdays the entrance to the palace is absolutely free.
About Warsaw museums
Yes, yes ... I know museums are boring, boring ... and why write about them at all. But, believe me, there are more than enough really cool modern interactive museums in the capital of Poland. Want an example?
There you are - Museum of Polish Jews "Polin " with huge holographic installations and recreated projects of Jewish streets and squares. Or a museum of neon signs ... Museum of cartoons ... And even a museum of doll houses ...
However, for me personally, the main "museum" must see in the Polish capital was and remains the Warsaw Copernicus Science Center... This is generally the coolest museum I've ever been to. In a nutshell, this place explains the essence of various scientific processes in a simple and unobtrusive form ... Everything - from physics to meteorology. The principle of operation of magnets, the gene distribution system, the essence of the work of 3D effects on TV, the laws of color perception by the human eye ... I don't even know how to explain this. I’ll write one word: space. For example, do you know how much water is in your body?
About so much ...
Do you know how your name is spelled in the language of the ancient Egyptians? ..
Mine is spelled something like this ...
Talking robots are so for the seed. In general, if you will be in Poland, reserve 3-4 hours to visit this place. Warsaw Copernicus Science Center (a) is really a very worthwhile place.
About other sights of Warsaw worth visiting
National stadium(aka Stadion Narodowy). It's just a very cool and beautiful stadium, which shimmers with lights in the evenings, and on some days even plays host to the matches of the Warsaw Legia and the Polish national team. The arena was opened in December 2011 (in preparation for the 2012 European Championship). Subsequently, the stadium hosted several matches of the tournament (including the semi-finals Italy - Germany, remembered for the iconic Balotelli stand). In May 2015, the final match of the Europa League between the Ukrainian Dnipro and the Spanish Sevilla took place at the National Stadium in Warsaw.
Warsaw University Library... Located just a few steps from the Copernicus Science Center. The curved green building with ivy-covered walls and multilingual inscriptions looks very beautiful and stylish.
Inside, too, is cool. Vaulted ceilings, metal and glass ... Plus numerous shops and cafes. You go on and (for free) you find yourself in the university garden. There are many plants, glass and variegated sura.
If you wish, you can even climb to the roof of the library, which offers a very nice view. I can't say that this place will blow your mind, but it's definitely worth a look here for half an hour.
Warsaw district "Prague"... A relatively poor and not prestigious area of the Polish capital, which some time ago began to be included in various guidebooks, thanks to the numerous graffiti that literally filled the local walls. Some of them look cool; others are not very good. Go there or not - decide for yourself (you never know - suddenly someone here sincerely loves street art). I didn't go. Therefore, with these words I will smoothly end. And so the article, as always, turned out to be huge. Whoever reads the article to the end is a fine fellow. Write comments. It will be interesting for me to know your own impressions of Warsaw. Maybe something else should be added to this review? Leave your suggestions in the comments.
The beautiful and mysterious Polish capital lies on the banks of the Vistula River. Warsaw has a long history, which is reflected in its architecture and sights. The first records in the annals about Warsaw date back to the XIV century. Warsaw is one of the most beautiful cities in the European Union. Today the city is under the protection of UNESCO.
Let's consider the most important and most interesting sights of the Polish capital with photos and descriptions.
The square is included in all tourist guides of Warsaw and is one of the main attractions of the city. It is here that important city events such as parades, rallies, national holidays and concerts take place. The square is named after Jozef Piłsudski, who played an important role in the restoration of state power in Poland. A monument to a politician rises in the center of the square, symbolizing the rebirth of the Polish State. Interestingly, during the German occupation, this area was named after Adolf Hitler. Later, after the victory over fascism, it was renamed Victory Square, and today the name of Pilsudski was returned to it.
In addition to the monument, here you can lay flowers at the memorial to the Fallen Soldier, and see the ruins of the Saxon Palace. This palace has undergone several global reconstructions during its life. It was originally built in the Baroque style and was a royal residence. Later, the palace was rebuilt and redesigned several times. In 1944, the palace was destroyed by the fascist troops and only three arcades remained from it, under which a memorial to the Fallen Soldier was erected.
Restaurant "Dom Polski"
On the map of Warsaw, on French Street, within the walls of a medieval villa, there is a restaurant of traditional cuisine "Polskiy Dom". Today the restaurant is one of the most interesting sights of Warsaw. The gastronomic landmark opened its doors to its first visitors in 1998 and has been recognized as the restaurant of the year many times. Today the restaurant has dozens of awards, including a Michelin star, which only the best restaurants are awarded. This symbol is a testament to fine dining and excellent service. If you come here on Sunday or Monday, you can enjoy wonderful live Polish music performed on cello and violin.
"Polskiy Dom" has several cozy rooms where you can sit for a family lunch or dinner. The restaurant is surrounded by a magnificent greenhouse with exotic plants, fountains and sculptures. The institution opens daily from 12.00 local time and continues its work until the last guest leaves it. The restaurant's cuisine is represented by traditional Polish dishes of meat, poultry and fish.
The Church of the Holy Cross began its history back in 1267. In those days, a small chapel was built on the site of the modern temple, which was later rebuilt into a wooden church. The temple was destroyed several times, but it was always rebuilt. The church acquired its present appearance in 1696. The church suffered greatly during the Second World War. The church was plundered and blown up by the Germans. Unique icons were lost and the altar was destroyed. However, after the war, the temple was completely restored and today, as before, services are held in the temple, weddings are held and children are baptized. The temple is of exceptional importance for the country, and even its altar, restored according to old sketches, now bears the name of the Altar of the Fatherland.
A unique attraction of the temple is the statue of Jesus Christ carrying a huge cross. Previously, this monument was concrete, but after being damaged by vandals, it was decided to cast the sculpture from bronze. During the war, the Germans removed the statue, but threw it in a roadside trench, where Polish soldiers found it. The monument was returned and after the victory over fascism it was re-installed in front of the entrance to the temple.
Stare Miasto is the oldest historical district in Warsaw. Its most ancient buildings date back to the 13th century. The area is separated from the rest of the city by medieval walls on one side, and a dry riverbed on the other. Getting to this place, you are instantly transported many centuries ago. Narrow cobbled streets, merchants' shops and, of course, the market square. Wandering around the old town, you can see completely unusual buildings from the Middle Ages. During the Second World War, most of the old city was destroyed, but after its end, all ancient architectural monuments were painstakingly restored according to old photographs and drawings.
In the Old Town you can see such interesting sights as the Triangular Square, the Palace Square, the Cathedral of John the Baptist, the Thin House, the Church of the Jesuit Fathers. The old town as a World Heritage Site is under the protection of UNESCO. Hundreds of thousands of tourists visit this attraction every year. Remarkably, even the restored buildings here look as if they are indeed 300-400 years old.
The Market Square is located in the Old Town of Warsaw. Throughout the city's existence, this trading platform has played a huge role in the economy of Warsaw. It was here that local and overseas merchants traded, wandering artists came here, and only here artisans could sell the fruits of their labor. The market square is still the center of trade today. Every tourist can buy a lot of souvenirs or serious things here. Tourists are pleased to walk around the square, looking into trade stalls, small restaurants and cafes. A special atmosphere is set by free musicians and artists, they, like several centuries ago, come here to entertain the people and earn some money.
Within the old square, there are several historical sights that can be visited with the whole family, such as the Museum of Literature, the Museum of History and the statue of the Warsaw Siren. The monument was created in 1855 and is cast from zinc. Later it was moved to different parts of the city, but in 2008 Siren was cast in bronze and returned to its historical site. The original was handed over to the city museum. Interestingly, the square is divided into four parts, each of which is named after famous Polish politicians.
A city with a centuries-old culture, amazing history, extraordinary color and enchanting atmosphere - Warsaw, like many other European cities, is multifaceted. The city boasts a rich excursion program, places for youth recreation and entertainment, as well as unique monuments of history and architecture. The city of legends and amazing stories. A whole week will not be enough for an inquisitive tourist to get around all the sights of Warsaw. Let's try to describe just a few of them that deserve special attention.
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Warsaw starts with the old city, where the atmosphere of comfort is emphasized by low-rise buildings and a cobblestone pavement. The most important square in Warsaw is Palace Square. In its center stands a column with a statue of the Polish king Sigismund III. The Mariana Column acted as a prototype. Cast from bronze in 1643, but the granite pillar, destroyed by the Nazis in 1945, was rebuilt in 1949 from a granite monolith mined in Silesia. In 1771, during his travels across Europe, Peter I was amazed by the unique architectural monument and immediately wanted to contemplate this masterpiece in his state. But in Poland there was no person who would undertake the transportation of such a huge monument.
the Royal Castle
Along the square is the Royal Castle, originally built by King Sigismund III at the end of the 16th century. In 1945 it was mined and blown up. For a long time the fate of this place was decided, until in 1971 it was decided to restore the lost heritage. Now a museum has been created here, where you can see completely restored rooms and interiors. Many paintings, including the originals of Rembrandt, attract art lovers here. The Throne Room, the Marble Room, the Assembly Hall are decorated with fine stucco gilding, original and restored artworks.
A unique valuable relic of the Royal Palace Museum - Stockholm Roll - an artistic canvas with a length of more than 15 m, depicting a solemn marriage procession in 1605 of King Sigismund III and Constance, Archduchess. There are collections of tapestries, carpets, furniture from the time of St. Stanislav; there is a richest collection of watches for various purposes; interesting examples of products made of porcelain, ceramics, bronze and crystal. No less valuable exhibits are documents from the royal personal archives. Every day at 11.15 a trumpet signal sounds from the palace tower, announcing the time.
St. John's Cathedral
Nearby stands the Cathedral of St. John - the main temple of Warsaw. The Gothic appearance of this oldest temple was recreated by craftsmen after the war. Restored according to evidence, the interior is sublimely light, unobtrusive and does not interfere with communication with God. The most honorable burial vault in Poland is located here. The temple is functioning, admission is free and there are masses every day.
Conceived during the construction (late 14th century) as the burial vault of noble Polish princes, from the 17th century the cathedral became a place of coronation, for which a special corridor was built between the Royal Palace and the church. Within its medieval walls, the stronghold of Catholicism, several Polish monarchs were crowned for power and received their last refuge, including the last king of Poland - Stanislaw Poniatowski and representatives of other noble Poles.
Externally, the cathedral (this status was assigned to it at the end of the 18th century) looks like a truly Gothic building, but the interior decoration is made in the Baroque style: the extraordinary beauty of the ceiling frescoes with gilding, the picturesque canvases of the altar, the Borichko chapel create a majestically beautiful picture of the decoration.
Address: Kanonia, 6.
Open for visits: Mon.-Fri. - from 07.00 to 19.00; Sunday - 08.00-19.00. Entrance - free.
Mermaid fountain and sculpture
Not far from Palace Square is the famous Market Square with a sculpture of the Mermaid in the center of the fountain. Each side of this historic site bears the name of a famous Warsaw resident: Jan Deckert, Frantisek Barss, Hugo Kollontai, Ignacy Zakrzewski.
The square is surrounded by buildings, each of which has its own interesting history from ancient times. Most of them have also been restored, but some are almost intact. There are many cafes on the square, where you can get acquainted with the peculiarities of Polish cuisine at reasonable prices, in which dumplings with various fillings are called pies, and soup is served without bread, but in bread instead of a plate.
The Market Square has long been the central point of trade in Warsaw, and now shops with products from antiques to food and clothing attract lovers of interesting shopping here. In winter, an ice rink is organized on the square, where people flock to ice skating. In the evening, in the light of various Christmas illumination, many residents and guests stroll through the square and nearby streets.
Medieval dungeons
The cellars in the Old Town of Warsaw turned out to be the most surviving places after the war. Their restoration turned out to be quite interesting. In one of them, during restoration work, a huge treasure with coins of the 17th century was found. Of the five cellars where exhibitions or cultural events are currently taking place, you can choose one or two, or visit all of them. There is a special route for this.
Royal Route
Royal Route - Several streets linking three residences that were once home to royal families. But not only this is famous for the most beautiful streets of Warsaw. In summer, this path is buried in flowers that are planted in beautiful baskets throughout. The buildings on the sides seem to have come out of the picture. Everything is clean and well maintained. The wide pedestrian part and the narrow carriageway make it convenient for walking, as there is little car traffic here, and on weekends the streets are completely blocked for it.
Royal Lazienki
The Royal Route, which turns into the Uyadzovsky Alleys, leads the traveler to the Royal Lazienki. This is a palace and park ensemble on a huge territory, decorated in the Baroque style. It was built in the 17th century for Hetman Stanislav Irakly Lubomirsky. Peacocks walk along the manicured lawns that are located around the palace buildings. The palace surrounded by lakes is called the palace on the water. Later it was acquired by King Stanislaw August Poniatowski, who made it his summer residence.
Stare Miasto
This area of the capital, founded at the junction of the 13-14th centuries, is still the center of the cultural and political life of the state. Almost everything that was created in it over the past centuries was destroyed by the military actions of 1944. There are no completely old buildings left here, but the Poles have lovingly restored many sights from the ruins.
Wilanow Palace
Royal residence, built at the end of the 17th century. for Jan Sobieski's family, the best-preserved and most famous landmark in Warsaw. The majestic architectural suite is surrounded by a picturesque garden, the palace itself is bordered by the green velvet of the lawn, on which solemn events take place. In the depths of the monumental building, on the initiative of Stanislaw Potocki, the first Polish museum was opened in 1805. Valuable museum exhibits plundered by the invaders were fully returned, and the museum's expositions were restored. Nowadays, Wilanow Palace is actively visited by tourists as an interesting historical site and an ancient masterpiece of architecture.
Address: st. Stanislav Kostka Potocki, 10/16.
Open: winter season - 27.01 - 27.04, 29.09 - 19.12: Monday, Wednesday-Sat - 09.30 - 16.00, closed. - Tuesday.
Summer season: 28.04-28. 09 - Monday 09.30 to 20.00, Tue, Thu, Fri - 09.30 - 16.00; Wednesday - Sat: 09.30 - 18.00; entry is prohibited 1 hour before closing.
Ticket price - PLN 20, Sunday. - free
Krakowskie Przedmiecie
This wide promenade with a self-explanatory name can be called Warsaw Broadway, where only public transport and taxis are allowed. It originates from the Castle Square and stretches towards Krakow. Here you will not be able to be an indifferent contemplator: palaces, churches and magnificent monuments will make you wonder and admire the irresistible look, and will freeze with amazement and delight in front of their beauty.
A stunning impression is made by the Church of the Visitors (Church of the Guardianship of St. Joseph), named by analogy with the women's Catholic order. The beautiful, cream-colored Rococo building was rebuilt on the site of a burnt wooden church (1656) in the first half of the 18th century. The best architects and sculptors in Poland have participated in the creation of a true masterpiece of architecture.
The buildings of the Warsaw University, the Academy of Fine Arts, the Bristol and European hotels are no less beautiful. It is impossible to pass by the majestic monuments to Yu. Ponyatovsky, A. Mitskevich, Copernicus.
Address: pr. Krakowskie Przedmiescie.
Historical Museum
The relatively young museum (1936) is located in a row of old buildings (N 28-42) with medieval facades with an abundance of characteristic narrow windows, arched entrances, numerous turrets and domes on the roofs. The museum's expositions illustrate the history of the city's development over seven centuries through antiquities, through things of famous citizens, relics and rarities of all times.
Three buildings out of 8 are dedicated to the Middle Ages, represented by valuable archaeological finds, paintings, sculptures, icons and other exhibits. 5 buildings house exhibitions detailing the history of Warsaw from the 17th to 21st centuries. They clearly demonstrate all the wars of that time that fell to the lot of the people of Warsaw; liberation struggle for independence, religion, culture and art.
The museum is divided into departments, each of which is essentially a mini-museum: named after Lesnevskaya, Palmyra Memorial, Warsaw Book Printing, Field Ordinary School, etc. It has its own cinema, where documentaries in many European languages are shown. Large-scale exhibitions provide a complete picture of the history of the Polish capital.
Address: Market (Castle) pl.
Open for visits: Tue, Thu - 11.00 - 18.00; friday, wednesday - 10.00 - 15.30; Sat-Sunday 10.00 - 16.30. The day off is Monday.
Entrance price: adult - 2 euros, children. - 1 euro. Sunday - free
Frederic Chopin Museum
It is located in the same beautiful, light baroque building, like the music of the great composer, the talented son of the Earth. The Poles took the magnificent castle of the princes of Ostrog for his museum, when the question of placing the collection of Chopin relics, collected by the staff of the institute of the same name, was ripe. Relatives and friends of the maestro donated many manuscripts of immortal works, letters, autographed postcards, books.
Now in the museum there is a grand piano, the keys of which were touched by the hands of the genius of music; many personal belongings, household items and leisure items. Chopin's death masks and a unique cast of the composer's hand are real relics. In addition to traditional expositions, it has multimedia, equipped with tactile screens, the right to use of which is given by an electronic ticket. Holders of such tickets can listen to any work and commentary on it in many languages.
15 exposition rooms will acquaint those present in detail with the life of the master of classical music, with his surroundings, with the atmosphere of the era in which he worked. Entering the black Hall of Death, everyone experiences a feeling of light sadness and grateful love for the great Chopin.
Address: st. Okolnik, 1
Open: every day, except Monday, from 11.00 to 20.00.
Entrance fee - PLN 22, free. - children under 7 years old.
It is difficult to call this huge repository of exhibits in one word "museum" - it is a complex of museums gathered under one roof of a building in the Art Nouveau style. It is located in the busiest part of the Polish capital - next to the Poniatowski Bridge and de Gaulle's ring square. The National Museum grew out of the Museum of Fine Arts, founded in 1862.
For him, so many exhibits were collected from various directions of arts and peoples from antiquity to modern times that they decided to assign the status of the National Museum to the museum. Its expositions include over 800 thousand objects of painting, sculpture, jewelry and applied arts, photography, numismatics, woodcarving, bone and fabric.
The invaluable rarities of the museum are the paintings of the Polish artists A. Gerynskiy "A Vase for Oranges" and A. Bilinskaya "The Negro Woman", who returned here from Germany after the war. There is state-of-the-art diode lighting, which allows you to present every picture in the smallest detail. Visitors to the museum can relax in the charming courtyard of Lorentz among the fountains on benches and sun loungers.
Address: Jerusalem Alleys, 3.
Open: Tue - Sunday: from 10.00 to 18.00, Thu - from 10.00 to 21.00, closed. - Monday.
Ticket price (in zlotys): 15, discount - 10, family (2 adults and 6 children up to 18 years old) - 40, children (from 7 to 16) - 1.
Old Town Market Square
Like any old city, Warsaw has its own market square, which was once the center of the beautiful Polish capital. It is surrounded by old houses with whimsical facades. It is always crowded here: artists paint portraits of passers-by and sell their paintings, young musicians play instruments, coachmen wait for riders, and tourists look around in search of a bright shot.
A guide to the Polish capital can tell an amazing story about the patroness of Warsaw - Sirena, whose face is depicted on the coat of arms of the ancient city. Once she was a young and beautiful girl who sang songs to fishermen. She sailed from the Baltic Sea and stayed to live in a small village, which later turned into a majestic city. But one day a greedy merchant put her in a cage and made her sing. Local residents, having learned about the trouble, freed the girl, and since then she has been protecting the city from misfortunes.
There are many cafes and restaurants, brand shops and souvenir shops on the Old Town Market Square. Going here, you should take with you a sufficient amount so as not to leave anyone without a souvenir.
Castle Square
Castle Square is one of the most beautiful places in all of Europe. The eastern part of the historic center is located at the Royal Castle. Once there was a wooden fortress, on the site of which a palace was later erected. It is from this place that you should start your acquaintance with the Old Town. There is another unique attraction on the Castle Square - the Shlyakhetskie Gates with a clock tower.
Not far from them is the oldest temple in the city - the Cathedral of St. John. The war years became the turning point for the square. After a grandiose restoration in 1971, the historic center has again become popular not only among locals, but also among tourists. It is worth mentioning that the heart of the Polish capital has occupied an honorable place in the UNESCO World Heritage List since 1980.
Belvedere Palace
The grandiose Baroque building is located almost in the very center of the Polish capital, on the Belvedere Alley. The Belvedere Palace stands on a hill with a picturesque view of the artificial lake. The building was built back in 1822. His project was carried out by the architect Jakub Kubitsky. The majestic structure has a rich history. The first palace in the same place appeared back in 1662.
The building was specially built for the wife of the Lithuanian Chancellor Christopher Sigismund Pac. A few years later, the palace passed into the possession of Stanislav Poniatovsky, who placed a faience factory in the building. Then the castle was owned by Onufry Kitsky, a few years later the building became the property of his daughter Theresia. At one time, the Russian prince Konstantin Pavlovich lived here. Throughout its history, the Belvedere has been the property of many great people. And now the castle is the residence of the Polish president.
Monument to Frederic Chopin
Poland has given the world a lot. In addition to unique cultural and historical sights, this country has given the world many cult figures and celebrities who have made an invaluable contribution to the World Heritage. One of these is Frederic Chopin. Despite the fact that his father was French, and the greatest Polish composer was buried in the Pere Lachaise cemetery (Paris), his heart in the truest sense of the word belongs forever to Warsaw. The fact is that after death it was transported and buried in a column of the Church of the Holy Cross.
The Frederic Chopin monument is one of the most recognizable. In azienki Park, this is the main attraction that gathers crowds of tourists from all over the world. The monument to the great composer was erected back in 1926, but during the Second World War nothing remained of it. The copy was restored only in 1958. In summer, you can hear classical music here. This tradition has been observed for over 60 years.
Monument to Nicolaus Copernicus
The sculpture, erected in honor of the greatest scientist of all time, was created by the Danish master - Bertel Thorvaldsen. In 1822, the monument was cast in bronze and installed in its rightful place in 1830. The sculpture was erected at the expense of the Catholic priest Stanislav Stashitsa. The astronomer holds an armillary sphere in his left hand, and a compass in his right. On the monument there are inscriptions in Latin: "Nicholas Copernicus grateful homeland", "Nicholas Copernicus compatriots."
During World War II, the German occupiers replaced them with “Nicolaus Copernicus of the German nation”. In February 1942, Polish soldiers tore down these inscriptions. A little later, the bronze sculpture was stolen by fascist troops for the purpose of further melting down. However, Polish soldiers were able to save the monument and returned it to their homeland. The unveiling of the restored monument took place in 1949. There are copies of the monument to Nicolaus Copernicus in Chicago and Montreal.
Monument to the heroes of the ghetto
World War II raged across many post-Soviet countries. She did not bypass Poland either. In the capital of the state there are many monuments that are an echo of the war and each time remind residents of the city and tourists about that terrible time that took millions of lives with it.
One of them is the Monument to the Heroes of the Ghetto. In 1940, literally immediately after Germany began its occupation of Poland, several districts of Warsaw were declared a special zone in which Jews lived.
In October of the same year, the Warsaw Ghetto was created, where more than 500 thousand Jews were herded. So the concentration camp became the largest in Europe. In 1942, people from the Warsaw ghetto began to be taken to the Treblinka extermination camp. A year later, after an armed uprising, the Nazis literally razed the area to the ground. Now a Monument to the Heroes of the Ghetto has been erected on the square between Levartovsky, Anelevich, Karmelitskaya and Zamenhof streets.
The 11-meter-high sculpture was discovered in 1948. The place was not chosen by chance, because it was at this place that the first armed clash took place during the 1943 uprising.
Monument to the Young Rebel
A small figurine of a child among the ruins squeezes his heart and reminds of that terrible time when women and children were forced to take up machine guns and fight for their homeland. The Monument to the Young Rebel is located on Podval Street in the Old Town, the walls of which were almost completely destroyed during the Second World War. Today, the medieval citadel has been restored, but its fragments that survived the bombing have become part of the compositions for several memorial complexes.
So, the ruins of one of the towers turned into a backdrop for the Warsaw monument to the Young Rebel. Jerzy Jarnuszkiewicz became the author of the sculptural composition. The creation of the monument was inspired by teenagers and children who fought with German soldiers during the Warsaw Uprising of 1943, when the Old Town was almost completely razed to the ground.
This tiny sculpture had a real prototype - a nurse's son who helped the rebels. Like many other children, the boy acted as a liaison officer. The young warrior died, like most of the other participants in the military resistance. Today it is one of the popular sights of Warsaw, which testifies to the terrible grief that touched every Soviet family.
Palace "Under the badge"
It was built in 1720 - 1730 near the Royal Palace. Construction work was carried out according to the design of the famous architect Yakub Fontan. The palace received such a creative name thanks to the copper roof, which was in the first half of the 18th century. Initially, on the territory of the palace "Under the badge" there was an ordinary house that belonged to the court blacksmith who served Jan Casimir. Then Jerzy Lubomirski and Stanislav Poniatowski owned the house.
After the Second World War, the appearance of the building underwent some changes. However, in general, the main building has retained its original appearance. After 1989, the cultural heritage of Warsaw became part of the Royal Palace. In 2008, a large-scale reconstruction of the palace "Under the Badge" was carried out. Now it is a museum, which displays a variety of art objects, as well as various antique exhibits.
Multimedia Fountain Park
The Vistula embankment is a favorite place for tourists. But not only because it is very beautiful here. The multimedia Fountain Park works on the embankment in the warm season. The tourist attraction was opened in May 2011. The park is located near the Old Town of Warsaw, on the Vistula embankment.
The sight that opens before tourists will not leave anyone indifferent: more than 30 thousand liters per minute are emitted by 367 nozzles, as well as incredibly beautiful lighting.
To create fountains, designers use a little more than 300 LED-type reflectors. Tourists should linger near the fountains, because at a certain time bizarre animations emerge from the water and illumination, which will not leave indifferent any spectator. All this spectacle is accompanied by music of various genres. Steam operates from May to September, every Friday or Saturday. The rest of the time, the fountains work without musical and light accompaniment.
Zoo
Going on a trip to the Polish capital, one cannot but look into the Warsaw Zoo. It should be said right away that this place is not simple, with a rich and unique history. It is always crowded here - not only foreign tourists, but also local residents like to visit the Warsaw Zoo. The area of the park is huge. Lions live here. rhinos, elephants, lynxes. camels, bears, etc. Squirrels run freely around the zoo, so tourists can freely treat small rodents with nuts.
If you went to the zoo with a child, take a trolley at the entrance, where you can put the toddler tired of the walk. Trust me, you will not regret this decision. The zoo does not always work at the same time. If the weather is stable, tickets are sold from 9:00 to 16:00, although the attraction is open until 17:00. The fact is that 60 minutes is not enough to get around even most of the zoo. Please note that a child under 12 years old will not be allowed in without an adult.
Lazienki Park
If you have free time and you are familiar with the many sights of Warsaw, take a look also at the azienki Park. You can immediately get your camera ready, because from the very first steps tourists are greeted with unusual monuments and vivid landscapes. To the left of the central entrance to the park there is a monument to Marshal Pilsudski, to the right - the Belvedere Palace. A few meters later, a truly rare exhibit appears - a retro car.
Having looked enough at the old vehicle, you can walk to the Frederic Chopin monument. Immediately behind it is the entrance to the Royal Theater and the ancient conservatory. Paid entrance. The main attraction of the park is the Palace on the Water. Peacocks, walking freely, give it a special pathos. The Roman Theater is located next to the palace.
The highlight of azienki Park is the Chinese Garden, which is located a little away from the tourist trails. It is not difficult to find it - you need to stand with your back to the White House and head into the depths of the park along the path.
House of Keret
The narrowest house in the world or Keret house. This building is located between two houses. Its width at its narrowest point is only 91 cm. The Kerete House was not originally created for a large family. The building was designed for one unpretentious person. There is not enough space to accommodate an impressive kitchen or bedroom set. There are no free squares for a spacious bath and living room.
The Keret House was conceived as an art project. But I liked the Israeli writer and director Edgar Keret, who often comes to Warsaw on work issues. The area of the house is only 46 sq. m., which are distributed between two floors. Preparing meals, partying with friends - all of this is unlikely in the house, since there is only enough space for one person.
Lazienki Palace
Once it was the residence of the Polish king Stanislav August Poniatowski. Then the "Palace of Water" was located far from the Polish capital. Today, the 74-hectare park is located not far from the historic center of Warsaw. The exquisite 17th century bath was rebuilt by the Italian architect Dominic Merlini.
Other objects surrounding the Lazienki Palace are the White House, greenhouses, paths and canals, which together form a magnificent composition, which is a harmonious mixture of classical Baroque architecture and landscape design. This park is very popular with the locals.
The palace itself surprises with its interior decoration. Solomon's Hall, a ballroom, as well as an art gallery, which displays about 2.5 thousand works of art.
Warsaw Citadel
The Russian fortress of the 19th century or the Warsaw citadel is a unique landmark of the Polish capital, which was built by order of Nicholas I immediately after the Polish uprising of 1830. The gate overlooking the river was called the "Gate of Death", since it was in this place that the death sentences were carried out.
Today it is a museum that contains an impressive piece of the history of the Polish state. Foreign tourists are strongly advised to visit “Block No. 10”, where the chambers of political prisoners have been preserved. There is also a wagon in which the exiles were transported. At one time, German invaders settled here, who prevented the rebels from connecting with another part of the Polish army.
In 1963, a military history museum was opened on the territory of the Warsaw Citadel, which has preserved unique expositions reflecting the difficult history of the Polish state.
Church of St. John the Baptist
This is the oldest Catholic church in Warsaw. The Church of St. John the Baptist saw history in the truest sense of the word: here a dispute took place between the Polish king and the knights-crusaders, Stanislav Leszczynski and Stanislav August Poniatowski were crowned, a deputy of the Seimas took the oath, etc.
Inside the cathedral are buried famous personalities who made an invaluable contribution to the development of Polish culture and the state itself. In the church there are magnificent tombs of Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Heinrich Sinkevich and the first president of Poland - Gabriel Narutovich.
A striking attraction of the cathedral itself is a huge wooden crucifix, brought back at the beginning of the 16th century from Nuremberg. You can talk about the church endlessly, but it is better to cross the threshold and personally touch the shrine. By the way, every summer a concert of organ music takes place in the cathedral.
Church of the Holy Cross
One of the oldest Catholic churches in the Polish state is located in the Krakowski suburb. This is one of the most interesting religious monuments in Europe. The fact is that the Church of the Holy Cross originally belonged to the Lazarists, an ancient Catholic order. Eminent architects and architects took part in the construction of the church.
For example, the project was developed by Josef Shimon Belloto. And now the walls of the church are guarded by the ashes and peace of the great men of Poland, who made history, defended independence and proclaimed the Polish state. At the entrance to the shrine stands a statue of Jesus, who bowed under the weight of the cross.
The temple was seriously damaged during the Second World War. The Germans almost took the statue away, but got rid of it along the way. The fascists mercilessly destroyed the magnificent altars and priceless paintings. Now completely restored and renovated. Construction work ended only in 2004. The church is the greatest value of the Polish state.
St. Casimir's Church
The majestic building of the Catholic Church was erected in 1688. Built by order of Jan Sebieski, St. Casimir's Church stands proudly above the historic city center. Tilman Gamerski is an architect who built a Catholic church in honor of the victory over Vienna. The Catholic temple was built in the style of an early form of classicism, based on strict observance of symmetry.
In wartime, the church served as a hospital. The monks did not immediately allow the civilians to place the wounded rebels within the walls of the temple. But in August 1944 they did it. For which they paid with the bombing. As a result, the building was completely destroyed. The restoration of the temple began only in 1948. It took 4 years to build a new church. The remains of Jan Sobieski's daughter, Maria Carolina, lie within the walls of the Catholic church.
St. Anne's Church
This delightful 15th century building is located in the Old Town of Warsaw, at the intersection of Krakowskie Przedmiescie, Palace and Castle Square Streets. The observation deck offers a breathtaking view of the heart of Warsaw. The history of the castle dates back to the 15th century, when a new Catholic church was built on the site of a burned-down monastery for the Franciscans. It happened thanks to Princess Anna Radziwil.
It was rebuilt several times, architectural styles were changed. But one thing remained unchanged - the tombstone of the princess is still located in the building of the Catholic Church of St. Anne. During the Second World War, the church partially survived. Now tourists and locals are happy to come to church services and enjoy the magnificent view from the observation deck. It is worth warning that the observation deck may be closed in bad weather.
St. Mary's Church
One of the greatest landmarks in Poland is St. Mary's Church. Its history began in the first half of the 13th century. The architecture of the city is amazing: it harmoniously combines futuristic buildings with historical buildings. Initially, a small wooden church was built on the site of the church. A little later it turned into a stone church. And so in the 14th century, the grandiose construction of a new temple began, which had the classic features of the Gothic style.
Today there are no analogues of St. Mary's Church. The altar alone is a priceless work of art - a 13-meter panel, which consists of figures of saints carved out of linden. The details are worked out so precisely and filigree that it seems as if they are living monks. Today the church is a sacred place. Thousands of Catholic tourists from different parts of the world strive to touch the holy place and personally turn to God.
Ujazdowski castle
It was originally the castle of King Augustus II. A little later, the building was abandoned and in its place, Sigismund III Vasa built a manor for the future king. Then Stanislav August Poniatovsky owned the palace. During this time, the castle kept great works of art within its walls. During the Second World War, the historic building was seriously damaged, and its ruins were completely demolished in 195.
And only in 175, historians, together with the architect Pyotr Begansky, managed to completely restore the Ujazdowski castle. Now it houses the Center for Contemporary Art, which hosts various exhibitions, concerts and educational seminars. The director of the center is the Italian Fabio Cavalucci. Near the palace there are places for recreation, cafes and restaurants, as well as a dance floor. You cannot drive up to the castle by car, as the place has acquired an ecological character.
Warsaw Uprising Museum
The Warsaw Uprising Museum is dedicated to the tragic events of 1943, when the inhabitants of the city made an attempt to liberate the Polish capital from the German invaders. For 63 days, the Polish rebels fought for the freedom and life of their compatriots. As a result, they were defeated. During this time, more than 200 thousand people died. Immediately after the bloody events, the city was almost completely destroyed.
Museum expositions are located on 4 floors. In total, there are about 750 exhibits - objects that reflect the events of 1943. The museum will be interesting for both adults and children. The highlight of the exhibition is a 3D film about Warsaw. The film was based on 600 images taken during the war years. In this short time (about 5 minutes), you can feel what no book, no detailed description, no documentary film will convey.
Despite the fact that a large number of tourists and locals strive to get to the museum, be sure to take the time to visit this attraction.
Copernicus Science Center
A huge building rises on the banks of the Vistula. The Copernicus Center is an interactive Science Museum that every tourist should visit. There are exhibitions here that will be interesting not only for children, but also for adults. The museum was opened in 2010. There are several permanent compositions in the Copernicus Center. It has its own laboratories where scientific experiments are carried out, a high voltage theater, a robot theater and an interactive exhibition.
To create unusual exhibitions, scientists from around the world have created exhibits that give the museum special value. For the smallest excursionists, an exposition "Bzzz" has been created, in the gallery "Regeneration" you can get acquainted with the secrets of the creation of the world. In addition, there is a planetarium in the center of Copernicus, where they show colorful and fascinating films about science. The museum is open from Tuesday to Sunday.
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Over the seven centuries of its existence, Warsaw has experienced several conquests and destruction. The entire historic city center was razed to the ground during World War II. For decades, restorers have painstakingly studied documents, old engravings and photographs, and literally brick by brick have restored the capital of Poland from ruins.
As a shining example of restoration, the historic center with its squares, castles and churches was included in the UNESCO heritage list. Nowadays, a tourist, walking along the Market Square and contemplating the powerful royal castle, will hardly guess that these attractions are only a few decades old.
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What to see and where to go in Warsaw?
The most interesting and beautiful places for walking. Photos and a short description.
Historical center of the city. In the 13th century, the first stone of the future Polish capital was laid here. For centuries, life was in full swing around the Old Town - merchants gathered at fairs, wandering artists staged street performances, crowds of onlookers gathered to gawk at bonfires where witches and sorcerers were burned. Almost nothing of the historical buildings has survived, only the basements and basements, but this does not make the Old Town lose its charm.
The palace is 10 km away. from the Polish capital. It was erected in the 17th century for King Jan Sobieski and his wife Maria Casimira Louise. At the request of the queen, during the construction, the creators were guided by the French architectural school (the Baroque style prevails). At the beginning of the 19th century, one of the first art museums in Poland was opened on the territory. During the Nazi occupation, the museum's collections were looted, but then they were returned back to Poland.
An architectural and cultural monument in the center of Warsaw, erected in the 16th-17th centuries by the Lithuanian prince Sigismund. During the Northern War, the castle was plundered by the Swedes and gradually decayed. It is noteworthy that in 1829 the Russian emperor Nicholas II was married here to the kingdom of Poland (at that time the Rzeczpospolita was part of the Russian Empire). The modern Royal Castle is a replica of a building blown up by the Nazis during World War II.
The central square of Warsaw, surrounded by the main attractions. Located within the Old Town. In the center of the square there is a memorial column in honor of King Sigismund III Vasa. From the Castle Square begins the Royal Route, which leads to the country residence of Jan III. In the Middle Ages, this place was the concentration of city life, all the main events took place here.
Another central square, surrounded by houses with multi-colored plaster. Each building is unique, each facade has a different pattern and colors. The Market Square has been the trade pulse of Warsaw in the past. It was always crowded, lively and fun. Taking a leisurely stroll through this place, you can feel the real atmosphere of the Middle Ages.
A powerful fortress structure of the 16th century in the system of fortifications of the Old City, built according to the design of the Italian master D. Batista. The building did not perform defensive functions. At the base of the barbican tower there is a monument to the Siren. According to legend, in ancient times, the Siren emerged from the river and informed people that a great city would soon appear on the banks. Today, an exhibition gallery is located on the territory of the fort.
Russian fortress of the XIX century, built by order of the imperial authorities after the November Uprising. It housed a prison for political prisoners and rebels. Important historical milestones of the Polish national liberation movement are associated with the fortress. After the occupation of Poland in 1915, the citadel passed into the hands of the Germans. But they were expelled in 1918. The fortress went to the newly formed Polish independent state.
A monument commemorating the fallen Polish patriots during the 1944 Warsaw Uprising. It was officially opened in 1989 on the very spot where the freedom fighters were hiding from the German invaders. The composition depicts two groups of rebels, who seem to rise from the ruins and courageously rush into battle. The monument is one of the most interesting and visited monuments in Warsaw.
The Polish name of the temple is St. John's Church. This is the oldest Catholic church in the capital, which was built in the XII-XIV centuries. Over the centuries, important events have taken place here: coronations, the conclusion of peace treaties, the magnificent funerals of monarchs. The church played the role of the spiritual center of the Polish state. The modern building of the temple is a remake, as the historical building was demolished during the German occupation.
Church of the XVI century, which also could not escape the fate of being destroyed in the Second World War. In the middle of the 19th century, a statue of Jesus carrying the cross stood in front of the temple. The church is notable for the fact that in one of its walls there is an urn with the ashes of Frederic Chopin. In the XX century, the temple was completely rebuilt, but work on the external and internal decoration continued in the XXI century.
The temple was founded by the ruler Jan III and his wife in the 17th century at their own expense. Inside is the tomb of the Polish princess, daughter of Jan III. The church was built in the style of classicism and baroque with strict observance of geometric proportions according to the project of the architect T. Hamerski. After the bombing, only the 17th century garden has survived. The temple was rebuilt in the middle of the 20th century.
The current cathedral, which arose thanks to the generous funding of Princess Anna Radziwill. Inside the church, her remains are buried. Due to numerous reconstructions, a single style is not traced in the architectural composition, a mixture of elements from different eras prevails. The church bell tower is used as an observation deck. According to legend, if a young couple gets married in the Church of St. Anne, the marriage will be long and prosperous.
Frederic Chopin is a famous Polish composer, whose creative path was associated with Warsaw. The exposition of the museum consists of items belonging to the musician. In addition to letters, musical scores and personal belongings, you can see the grand piano at which the master worked. In addition to the traditional exhibition, there is a multimedia exposition where you can learn about the details of Chopin's biography.
A museum dedicated to the research and life of the famous woman physicist Maria Sklodowska-Curie. Thanks to her research, the table of chemical elements was replenished with two new elements - polonium and radium. The name "polonium" was given to the substance in honor of the motherland of the scientist - Poland. Maria has been awarded the Nobel Prize twice. The museum was organized in 1967 through the efforts of her daughter Eva Curie.
Museum dedicated to the Polish Armed Forces. The exposition covers the period from the emergence of the Polish state to the present. The open-air exhibition presents samples of weapons from other countries: artillery pieces, tanks, fighters, armored vehicles. Inside there are collections of medieval weapons, armor, banners. The museum contains the cocked hat and saddle of Napoleon Bonaparte.
An interactive scientific museum, where visitors are invited to experiment on their own. It is one of the most advanced of its kind in Europe. The inner space is divided into several thematic zones that tell about entire layers of human knowledge. The first permanent exhibition was launched in 2010, and within 1.5 years the museum was visited by about 2 million people.
A high-rise building, almost an exact copy of the Stalinist high-rises in Moscow. It was erected by the Russian architect L. Rudnev by order of I.V. Stalin, who thus wanted to make a gift to the Polish people. It houses offices, cinemas, a large conference hall, museums and exhibition galleries. The spire of the building dominates all buildings in Warsaw and serves as a reference point for tourists who do not know the city.
Former residence of the Saxon Elector and King Augustus II, an exact replica of a 17th century building that was destroyed during World War II. Since 1975, the castle began to be restored from the very foundation; in 1981, the Center for Contemporary Art was opened on its territory. Nowadays, the Ujazdowski Castle has become a platform for numerous creative festivals, author films, art salons and photo exhibitions.
Another former residence of the Elector Augustus II the Strong. This majestic and picturesque building was called the "palace by the water", as its base is set right on the surface of the river. The palace complex consists of the main building, baths, White House with galleries and pavilions. An art gallery is located inside the main building, where more than 2 thousand paintings are exhibited.
A picturesque quiet park surrounding the Lazienki Palace. It was created as a nature reserve, but eventually became a public square. From the beginning of the 19th century, all people were allowed to enter the territory. There is a monument to F. Chopin in the park - a copy of the 1926 monument, which was destroyed by the Nazis. It is pleasant to walk along the well-groomed park alleys and paths on a fine summer day.
: after the end of World War II, only a pile of stones remained from the historical center of the Polish capital. Walking through Warsaw today, you involuntarily ask yourself how much mental strength it took for the Poles to restore brick by brick the appearance of Warsaw, which before the war was one of the richest cities in Eastern Europe? Modern Warsaw may not have the polish that, say, Prague can boast, but at least it looks honest and retains its dignity as it has for centuries.
Castle Square and Sigismund's Column
Introducing tourists to the historic center of Warsaw, as a rule, starts at the Castle Square - one of the central squares of the city. Due to its convenient location - the Castle Square is located between the old town and one of the central streets of Krakowske Przedmiescie, leading to the new part of the city - this place is one of the most powerful centers of attraction in Warsaw. Finding the Castle Square is easy: the main landmark is the monument to the King of Poland Sigismund III Vasa - a tall column located in the middle of a triangular square.
V Royal castle, which is also located on this square, there is a museum: here you can see the famous paintings with views of Warsaw of the 18th century, belonging to the pen of the Italian artist Bernardo Belotto. Based on the cityscapes of Belotto, much of the historic center of Warsaw has been restored.
Krakowske Przedmiescie Street and Chopin Benches
The historical capital of Poland Krakow is located three hundred kilometers from Warsaw, therefore, formally, the suburb of the ancient Polish city, Krakowskie Przedmiescie Street, of course, is not. However, the name of the street is intended to pay tribute to royal Krakow, which has greatly influenced the history of the entire country.
At the very beginning of a rather wide street, the attention of tourists is attracted by the Church of St. Anne, which was originally built on this site in the second half of the 15th century. In the chapel of the classicist church, there is now an observation deck, from which a picturesque panorama of the old city of Warsaw opens.
Among others attractions of Krakowskie Przedmiecie especially the monument to the Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz, the presidential palace and the building of the Ministry of Culture, as well as the Bristol Hotel - the most luxurious hotel in modern Warsaw. The hotel building is one of the few Warsaw buildings that survived the war. The fact is that the German Nazis founded their own hotel and casino in the Bristol building.
Walking along Krakowske Przedmiescie Street, it is impossible not to pay attention to unusual benches... These are the so-called Chopin benches, which, in honor of the bicentennial of the great Polish composer, were installed in the entire center of Warsaw in the amount of 15 pieces. Each musical bench plays a fragment of one of the works of Frédéric Chopin when the touch button is pressed. The benches are installed in places that are somehow connected with the life of a musician. For example, the bench opposite the presidential palace stands there because it was in this building that young Chopin gave his first public concert. The black granite surface of each bench is engraved with a map that marks all Chopin locations marked with music benches, and a QR code allows you to download Chopin's music to your phone for free.
Street Novyi Svet
If, passing by the Bristol Hotel, continue straight ahead, Krakowskoe Przedmiescie Street will smoothly turn into Novy Svet (Novy Mir) Street, showing the luxurious gates goodbye Warsaw University and monument to Nicolaus Copernicus... Until the outbreak of World War II, when Warsaw was called East Paris, Novy Svet was undoubtedly worth calling the Elysian Champs-Elysees. Today this street, as in the old days, is the main artery Warsaw center: only here you can meet such a large number of elegant city dwellers walking in the direction of their favorite cafes and restaurants.
To get to the deserted square of Marshal Jozef Piłsudski and watch the changing of the guard near the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, after passing the Bristol building, turn right. Eternal flame in Warsaw is located under the arches of the restored colonnade of the Saxon Palace. One of the most magnificent palaces in Warsaw, built in the 17th century, was blown up by German Nazi forces after the 1944 Warsaw Uprising. The main front square of Warsaw offers a wonderful view of the modern business district and Stalin's generous gift to the Polish people - a Soviet skyscraper 230.68 meters high.
Not far from Marshal Józef Piłsudski Square is theatre square, which for a long time was considered the heart of the Polish capital: today the majestic buildings of theaters, made in the style of classicism, here side by side with typical residential buildings left behind by the Communist Party - another expressive mark on history of Warsaw.
Old city
Warsaw's Old Town has been included in its entirety on the UNESCO World Heritage List as an exemplary example of the restoration of its architectural and historical heritage. For 20 years, the restoration of old Warsaw after World War II was carried out by volunteers - ordinary people of Warsaw. Thanks to the efforts of a whole generation of Poles, today the old city of Warsaw again attracts tourists from all over the world with narrow cobbled streets and bright squares.
The main square of Warsaw's old town is the Market Square. In the center Market square there is a monument Warsaw siren- the mythical founder of the city. The mermaid also takes pride of place on the coat of arms of Warsaw; her image can also be found almost anywhere in the city.
Right there on the square there is Historical Museum of Warsaw, in which you can see how the city looked and how it lived at different points in its history. From the outside, it seems that the museum occupies eight merchant houses, which literally stuck to each other, but in reality, wandering through the museum halls, it is even impossible to determine which building you are in right now - all these houses make up a single whole.
Longest street Warsaw old town- Beer. On it, as it is not difficult to determine by the name, there are mainly beer bars and small restaurants. There are two large churches on the next street in close proximity. Passing these churches, the Poles smile - they say, see why Poland is called a Catholic country?
In the end, all the roads of old Warsaw lead to the place where it all began - to the column of King Sigismund on the Castle Square. And so I would like to get lost!
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