There are not so many preserved and inhabited old villages in the Middle Urals, and Aramashevo is one of them. It was formed in 1632 as an outpost for protection from the raids of nomadic tribes and a settlement for plowing the land.
Coordinates for GPS navigator
57.60665520939857, 61.72951300000001
Aramashevo village on the map
By the way, today the same stronghold of the Ural lands - watchtower You can even see the Aramashevsky prison - in its reconstructed form it is in the local history museum of Nizhnyaya Sinyachikha. An inalienable attribute of the village is the Church Stone (42 m) on the rocky bank of the Rezh River. From here a magnificent view of the entire river valley and the rocky opposite bank with Shaitan-Stone opens. It was on the edge of the Church stone that a wooden church was erected simultaneously with the prison in 1632, which was consecrated in honor of the icon of the Kazan Mother of God.
Life at that time in these places was hectic - people were repeatedly killed by the raids of nomads. Terrible fires burned a suburb and with it the wooden church repeatedly burned to the ground. All this continued until, in 1800, it was converted into stone. After, in 1930, its doors were sealed, and it was in a dilapidated state for a long time. At the foot of the Church Stone, the chronicle of time has preserved another memo - the Kreschensky spring, from which in the old days the first inhabitants of the Aramashevsky prison drew water. This consecrated spring is equipped, and its water has healing properties.
On the right bank of the Rezh, also not far from Aramashevo, there is a cult place of ancient pagan tribes - a stone on which an ancient inscription has been preserved. Locals call it "Shaitan", but such a common name is quite modern. There are legends where it is said that near the stone at night mysterious sounds were heard and flickering lights were visible, which the inhabitants of the Aramashevskaya settlement fearfully attributed to evil spirits. In the same lands, at the end of the 18th century, a unique deposit of the Shaitan overflow was discovered, which is a complex intergrowth of alternating layers of fine-crystalline quartz, quartz and the clay mineral dikkite. In the modern stone-cutting industry, this stone is used not only for small plastic and mosaic paintings, like other gems, but also for making beads, cabochons, for inserts into rings, pendants, earrings and brooches. One of its great features is that it is not dyed like agate. Indeed, today there are many beautiful African agates on the market, painted in bright, unnatural colors. Choosing the shaitanian overlay, you can be sure that this is its natural color, the same as nature created it, with the warmth of the bright Ural sun.
Museum of local lore in Aramashevo was founded by a local historian, tourist and teacher of geography at the local school I.S.Kesarev. The initial exposition consisted of gifts from schoolchildren (ancient household items, mineralogical finds), which children brought to the teacher for good grades. The collection of the museum is prudently divided into three rooms. The first demonstrates the found gems and rare minerals. In the second there is a stylized Ural hut with a Russian stove and a so-called "woman's" corner (rare samovars, lamps, and charcoal irons are huddled here). And finally, in the third "working" room you can see all types of peasant trades and crafts. What you will not see here - old crafts of blacksmiths and potters, birch bark tuesques with flowers and initials, one-handed saws with which it was possible to build a house alone, flax grinders, household scales, cow bells and many other interesting things, the purpose of which immediately and you won't guess.
May 22nd, 2017, 11:19 pm
Earlier, I told you about the beginning of our small car rally through the native Ural regions (parts one and two). Now there will be part three, but ... not the last, as I planned.
Having finished our inspection of the village of Mironovo, we drove north towards Alapaevsk. A good road went along the left bank of the Rezh. We managed to drive literally a kilometer, when suddenly in the village of Buchino we came across this:
We stumbled upon, of course, only a payphone, I came up later. The most interesting thing is that the device is working, beeps are heard from the tube! Here is the village for you - everything is intact and whole, albeit unused.
After another kilometer, the Alapaevsky district began, where we came across a cool "border" sign, well, you will see me again: 
After driving about 10 kilometers more, we finally found ourselves in the rather famous village of Aramashevo in the Urals. It was first mentioned since the 17th century, and, like Mironovo, was repeatedly raided by nomadic Bashkirs. According to the 2010 census, the population of the village is just over 700 people (again, about the same as in Mironovo).
There is in Aramashevo and another feature similar to Mironovo - the presence of a very worthy museum of local lore. As in Mironovo, we did not linger on the excursion, however, we would not have had time anyway - the museum was no longer working. 
The main attraction of Armashevo is the Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. I'll just leave it here: 
The Aramashev Church is almost equal in age to the Mironov Church, but the Aramashev Church was consecrated earlier, already in 1800. In the late 1920s, the temple was closed, and its restoration began with the help of local residents only in the 1990s. At first, the Aramashites did what they could, and only then sponsors and local authorities helped. The chapel on the left in the photo has been rebuilt. The church has been restored so well that from afar it seems freshly built: 
As you can see in the photo, guests of the village are heading to the church. They got out of a car with a Chelyabinsk license plate. Apparently, there are enough tourists in Aramashevo.
The village is famous not only for its church and museum. Climbers train not far from Aramashevo, and rafting amateurs float along the Rezh along the village. Beauty! 
Available in Armashevo and casino)) 
If in Aramashevo you cross the bridge over Rezh, then after 1.5 kilometers you will find yourself at a fork in the road. The road straight, about 500 meters long, leads to the village of Samotsvet (railway station on the Yekaterinburg-Alapaevsk line, population 280), and the road to the right - almost 2 km - leads to the village of Kurort-Samotsvet (population 650). So we went to the resort.
Unlike many villages and villages of the Alapaevsky district, Kurort-Samotsvet is a fairly young settlement. It appeared in the 1950s thanks to Marshal Zhukov, who was then in command of the Urals Military District. Thanks to the efforts of the marshal, Samotsvet quickly became one of the main medical sanatoriums in the Urals, tens of thousands of tourists came here every year. The basis of treatment at Samotsvets is sapropel mud from Lake Moltaevo, on the shores of which many tourists also come.
Since Kurort-Samotsvet appeared only 60 years ago, the houses here are relatively old too. Relatively ... 
Village administration: 
Remains of the old boiler house: 
Old wooden (along the way, individual) sheds / garages: 
Immediately - trash, garbage and Siamese cat. The cat is bad, but you can see: 
Of course, the Aborigines of Gem Resort looked suspiciously at uninvited guests, who dared to come and take pictures, but we reacted with the same contempt to their silent contempt. In any case, there was nothing more to fish here, and it was necessary to return home already.
We made our way back along the Alapaevsk-Rezh highway, which is about 42 kilometers. Of course, I wanted to visit both Mironovo and Aramashevo for the second time, this time with visits to the museum and excursions. Well, summer is still ahead, let's try!
Well, this is us:
This trip did not promise bright adventures: to go along the stupid Rezhevsky tract, in snow and hard minus 20 (Epiphany frosts, however), to the incomprehensible Alapaevsky district, to some kind of rural school museum ...
in some painted huts ...
The variant proposed by Slavka seemed dubious. But we have not gone anywhere together for several weekends: we wanted a road drive, communication - and just new impressions. I was bribed by the fact that, despite the museum director's vacation and the employees' day off, the local enthusiasts gladly agreed to go to work for us: “come by all means - we will open the museum, we will conduct a tour, we will show the village…” Let's go!
And the trip exceeded all our expectations.
To say that the places on the Rezh River are beautiful is to say nothing. Even in the snowy fog, through the stained glass of cars, the panorama that opened up was breathtaking.
Even at the entrance to Aramashevo, a fascinating picture opens: a bright Temple, soaring on a high rock, which is called the Church Stone.
Later, during a walk, from this 42-meter height we looked around the endless Aramashevsky expanses ... and fell in love with them!
They say that everyone who at least once stood on the Church stone, looked at the river Rezh (or the frozen channel) smoothly carrying its waves, at the necklace of the most beautiful rocks above the water, returns here more than once, to these holy places that fill the soul with goodness and love. ...
We believed it right away - we will return, and more than once!
And the village itself ... we were afraid to see popular prints and enterprising villagers in the role of "professional peasants". As in the joke - "Abdula, tourists are coming to us again, shout to Mahmud - let him sit down under the mountain, put on a cannibal." But they arrived and were stunned: it was a village that not only did not lose its traditions, but also preserved the Russian national idea.
A simple idea of \u200b\u200bpatriarchal happiness, kindness and mutual respect. The heart here was somehow immediately filled with peace, no longer wanted to rush somewhere ... Through a narrow crack, something important in life was suddenly revealed, something that had not been lost by the inhabitants of this village. And this new knowledge from everywhere gave its hint signs: firebirds on painted huts, and the inscriptions "be kind", and amulets - always paired, for family happiness.
The driving force in Aramashevo is teachers (former school teachers). Intellectuals in the best sense. On their initiative and under their leadership, a museum was created, a temple was restored, and the self-identification of a villager was preserved. A former chemistry teacher (I forgot my full name) was waiting for us in a heated museum (there used to be a merchant's house with several living rooms, a warehouse and a shop).
A real rural museum. He was touched not only by the attitude to visitors as to dear guests (and money has nothing to do with it, the price of the tour is 200 rubles per group). He's like an exhibit himself: completely home-like (with wide floorboards, homemade woven rugs and old-fashioned double-leaf wardrobes along the walls). With a hanger without numbers (there are no strangers here), with an important cat (now I don't remember whether he was, or should have been there based on the situation) and a storyteller who was absolutely unrealistic for city museums, who led us through history, as if the pages of your own life.
The Aramashevsky (now municipal) museum was created on the basis of the school one, by the efforts of teachers, children and parents. The idea belongs to a biology teacher, the work was started by a geography teacher ... Initially, the exposition consisted of gifts from schoolchildren (ancient household items, later - mineralogical finds, bones of prehistoric animals), which children brought to the teacher for good marks. All exhibits of this curious museum are local (found in the vicinity of the settlement, donated by residents, etc.).
The museum has several rooms. In the first - the history of the region, nature, ethnography ... We are told about the 380-year history of the village: in 1631, the settlers chose a place on the high bank of the Rezh River, as it was reliably protected from the raids of nomads. There are several versions about the origin of the name of the village. One of them is that "ara" in translation from Turkic means "border", and the village is really located on the border of the Bashkir and Vogul lands. Aramashevo in the settlement performed an important military-strategic function as a border fortress of the Aramashevsky prison.
The second hall is occupied by a stylized Ural hut with a Russian stove and a so-called "woman's" corner (rare samovars, heaps of chests, collections of irons and the most curious utensils are huddled here).
And suddenly, in this fully immersive 3D room, begins…. real interactive! I don't know where rural teachers learned such technologies ... but the pointer-cane of our wise mentor starts the time machine, the museum room pulls real pictures of peasant life from the subconscious (or from our past life?) ... The head of the family in a kosovorotka sits in the Red Corner.
The hostess with a grip is busy at the stove,
the child in the cradle sways peacefully to the beat ...
We are here - and we are HERE! Fantastic sensations.
After such an excursion "into the depths of ourselves" we already calmly perceive the hall of peasant trades and crafts.
What is not here - old crafts of blacksmiths and potters, birch bark tuyeski, one-handed saws, with which it was possible to build a house alone, flax grinders, household scales, cow bells and many other amusing things, the purpose of which cannot be immediately guessed.
We rejoice at our "old acquaintances" in the collections of Soviet equipment - from KVN TVs to almost native typewriters,
we welcome old gramophones and "almost new" tape recorders of our childhood ...
But the most enchanting project of Soviet times is, of course, the exposition "in the classroom in a rural school."
We go in - and tears of nostalgia welling up: the primer of 1929,
school copybooks of the 1950s,
old (ours!) textbooks with a touching ideological context,
school uniforms, schoolbags, recipes and sippy inkwells ...
A teacher with a pointer (and sometimes, for greater persuasiveness, and with a rod) opens to everyone the world of memories.
We write in recipes, dipping fountain pens in ink ...
Not everyone has five in spelling \u003d)
You can try on pioneer caps, remember how to tie a tie,
pork - and beat out a roll on the drums ...
Here you can touch everything with your hands, everything is native and completely "non-museum"!
We are no longer enough to try to master folk crafts (the art of ribbon embroidery, rolling felt boots, beading or making spinning dolls). Examining the exposition "Mansi - Forest People"
Geographical position
Aramashevo village municipal formation "Alapaevskoe" is located in a wooded area on the left bank of the Rezh River at the mouth of the left tributary of the Shaitanka. Within settlement there are several rocks Mamin Kamen, Tserkovny Kamen, Shaitan-Kamen, Shurikov-Kamen and others. The village is located northeast of Yekaterinburg, southeast of Nizhny Tagil, 28 kilometers south of the city of Alapaevsk (along the highway - 33 kilometers) and 4 kilometers east of the Samotsvet railway station in the direction Kamensk-Uralsky - Alapaevsk - Nizhny Tagil. To the north of the village of Aramashevo, across the Shaitanka River, is the village of Kosyakova. Near the village and the village there is a highway from Alapaevsk, on which next to the village there is a fork into two highways of regional importance: Alapaevsk - Rezh and Alapaevsk - Artyomovsky. The Church Stone got its name after the construction of the temple on its top. In the vicinity there is the Kreshchensky spring, in the forest under the mountain, in a swampy area. On the feast of the Epiphany, parishioners hold a prayer service near him, and then collect holy water. The terrain is elevated, dry, and supplied with running water; the soil here is predominantly black earth.
Village history
ToponymThe village could get its name from the word arame, which from Bashkir means - urema, a place by the river, overgrown with dense bushes.
Aramashevo was formed in 1632 as an outpost for protection from the raids of nomadic tribes and a settlement for plowing the land. From the Tserkovny Kamen rock (42 meters) on the rocky bank of the Rezh River, a magnificent view of the entire river valley and the rocky opposite bank with the Kamen opens.
In 1655-1656, fortifications were built in the settlement to protect them from the Kalmyks who raided those places. “Near the church and the sovereign's granaries, a prison was erected, two fathoms of prints cut in height, and a quadrangular chopped tower with a drive-through gate, a fifth tower, deaf, chopped up to 3 fathoms in height, and each of them had two bridges. And the fortresses near the prison were set up with double holes; and the circle of the prison and towers is 180 fathoms of printing ”, where, in case of danger, all the inhabitants of the settlement gathered and, locked themselves, sat and fired back from the thieves and enemy people who did not have firearms, but fought only with archery. Subsequently, when southern settlements appeared, the Aromashevskaya Sloboda became safe and the fortifications in it were not supported. On the land allotted for the use of the Aromashevskaya Sloboda, in 1734 there were 31 villages, which in administrative terms were also assigned to the Sloboda, although at the same time all the Aromashevskaya peasants were assigned to the Alapaevskiy state-owned factories.
XX century
At the beginning of the 20th century, the main occupation of the villagers was arable farming and factory work for cutting and delivering firewood, transporting ore and iron to the Alapaevsky and Nizhne-Tagil factories, but with the implementation of local factory railways these works are gradually falling into decay.
Since the 1960s, the Aramashevsky state farm has been operating.
XXI Century
In February 2007, the first stage of a greenhouse complex for growing roses using Dutch technologies was built.
Sovereign's iron and structured business
In 1654, iron ore reserves were discovered near the Aramashevskaya Sloboda. By the decree of the Verkhoturye governor Lev Izmailov, the "Tsar's iron and customs business" was started, which was entrusted to the Verkhoturye boyar son Pankraty Perkhurov. In November 1654, a census of blacksmiths and walking people was carried out in the Irbitskaya Sloboda to be sent to the Aramashevskaya Sloboda. P.Perkhurov submitted a formal reply to the Irbit clerk Grigory Dirip about the required number of people. Blacksmiths and walking people from the Nevyanskaya Sloboda arrived in the Aramashevskaya Sloboda, and attracted workers from the Ust-Irbitskaya Sloboda. The general management and control over the construction of the plant was carried out by the Verkhotursk voivode L.T. Izmailov, the ironworks was launched and worked at least until March 1655.
School
In 1871 a one-class school was built, and in 1897 - a zemstvo school, in 1911 a two-class school was opened in a new brick building.
Aramashevo Museum of Local Lore
Church of the Kazan Mother of God
Kazan Church in Aramashevo
In 1631, a wooden church was erected on the Church Stone, named after the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God. Wooden church burned down in a fire, and in 1800 the ball was built and consecrated a stone two-altar church in honor of the Kazan Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos, a chapel in honor of the Archangel Michael. In the main church in 1885, a new iconostasis was built, and the old one was given over for the newly built church of the village of Bichursky, Irbitsky district. At the beginning of the 20th century, every year on July 8, on the day of the temple feast, a procession of the cross was performed from the temple to the monument erected on the site of the holy throne in a former wooden church. In 1929 the church was closed and the bell was thrown into the river. The church was restored in 2005-2012.
Infrastructure
The village has a cultural center with a library, a school, a kindergarten, a post office and several shops. The village can be reached by bus and train from Alapaevsk, Yekaterinburg, Nizhny Tagil, Kamensk-Uralsky, Rezh, Artyomovsk, Verkhnyaya Salda, Nizhnyaya Salda and Irbit.
Industry
Enterprises of the village: LLC agrofirm "Arko", LLC agrofirm "Nikon", LLC "GreenTerra", LLC "Tonkushina and K", CJSC "Style-Profi-L", SPK "UralKatyshkaGaz", PPO agricultural PK "Aramashevsky", KKh Borisikhin, KKh Vyatkin, KKh Ponomarev, KKh Ponomareva.
“… And Siberian painters walked around the Ural houses and offered to paint the walls, doors and ceilings of village huts. Do you want, master? "
I first learned that on Ural there were such traditions. Aramashevo village... Former teacher of Russian and literature Vera Vasilievna Reutova at first she attributed her pension to the restoration of the temple. And then, in the most difficult 90s, when the state farm was ruined and the village peasants were drinking too much, she began, together with her husband and children, to restore the village heritage - a hut with Ural painting - on her modest savings.
The penny pensions of two teachers and a huge creative feeling of “preserving for children” is the historical richness of the XVI-XVII centuries. A small home complex not far from is called "Ural huts. Living soul"... It's amazing how people try to preserve and introduce us to the traditions and rituals that were typical of the Ural hinterland.
Excursions, master classes and funny contests are held here, just to attract more people here, especially children, so that they begin to be proud of their national roots. Look at the smiles of these smart girls, who are happy to join in the restoration of family rituals. And how much happiness is in the eyes of smartly dressed adults ?!
We learned about this sincere thanks Natalia Belenkova and a guide to Sverdlovsk region from Book houses... It's great that you can travel not only during long vacations, but also throughout the day in your native spaces! "
Lyricist: Lilia Patrusheva
"Ural huts Living Soul": history of creation
How did the home museum complex appear? Reutova Vera Vasilievna:
“Several years ago in Aramashevo, in the huts, which were going to be demolished, suddenly, old paintings were found behind the wallpaper and plaster. Similar to those seen in. Only there huts were collected from the vicinity and were transported to the museum under open air from other villages. And here are our relatives. It was a real miracle.
It took years and efforts of the whole family to restore and put in order two rooms and a courtyard. And the soul returned to the old hut. The structure of a peasant house in the Urals was simple and functional: a hut, a cellar, a barn, a crane well, a barn, cattle pens, a vegetable garden, a bathhouse.
Wealthy peasants built two huts under one roof - a winter and a summer one. They were called rooms. The summer hut was simpler: the floor was earthen, without a stove, and hay was stored in the attic. It was not hot in such a house in summer. The winter hut was heated by a large Russian stove, there were small windows in it - all in order to keep warm and not freeze on long dark winter nights.
Well-to-do people lived in restored houses. They not only erected two huts, but also richly decorated their house. Maybe it seems to someone that this painting looks rough, naive, but it added color and joy to the gray everyday life of the long Ural winters and autumn, therefore, a hundred and two hundred years ago, the owners paid high price to painters-artists painting huts.
Depending on the income in the huts, either only the doors or part of the ceiling were painted, there may be a small partition. In the Aromashevsky huts, the painting is everywhere, people lived here wealthy and not stingy. "
How much did such a painting cost? According to Vera Vasilievna, 16 kg of flour or grain were paid for painting one door. Most likely, the owner of this house gave more than 2 sacks of flour - great wealth at that time.
If you are planning an excursion to Vera Vasilievna, she will reveal to you the secrets of the village house. In his story, the guide often returns to his past: funny stories about a stern grandfather and grandmother who pampered her grandchildren with simple toys and sweets. Here you can see a wedding dress and a wreath that once belonged to one of the residents Aramashevo, furniture 200 years old, dishes, sculptures that adorned the houses of local residents. You will learn how to make amulets, take part in a master class and great photo shoots.
