Yes. A couple of years ago, I thought of making a big tram trip: to travel by tram through all of Moscow. From the southernmost tram stop in Moscow, Akademika Yangel Street, to the northernmost, Medvedkovo. Of course, there is no tram route of this length in Moscow. You need to go with transfers, at least - with four. Using the metro, a similar journey can be made in 1 hour 5 minutes with two changes. How long will the tram take?
And so, in May of this year, the trip finally took place.
To implement the idea of \u200b\u200ba large tram journey, it was better to choose a day off: to go faster due to fewer cars on the roads and more comfortable due to fewer passengers on the trams.
Taking a look at the Moscow tram route map , I chose the following travel trajectory:
Academician Yangel Street - Tulskaya metro station - Paveletsky railway station - metro Proletarskaya - metro Aviamotornaya - metro Semenovskaya - metro Preobrazhenskaya square - Bogorodsky temple - VVTs - Medvedkovo.
Looking ahead, I will say that the total travel time was 3 hours 16 minutes. Now in more detail.
- IN 15:32 came to the bus stop "Academician Yangel Street".
- IN 15:36 I got on my first tram on route 1.
- First transplant. IN 15:54 got off at the bus stop "Simferopolsky Boulevard, 20" and in 15:56 took tram number 16.
- Second transfer. IN 16:24 left at the stop "Danilovsky Market" and in 16:34 got on tram number 38.
- Third transplant. IN 16:50 got off at the "Proletarskaya metro" stop and in 16:53 took tram number 43.
- Fourth transfer. IN 17:36 got off at the stop "metro Semenovskaya" and in 17:40 took tram number 11. In 4 minutes of waiting I managed to buy a mineral water and a chocolate bar, which I used on tram No. 11 :)
- Fifth (and last) transfer. IN 18:07 got off at the stop "VVTs, northern entrance" and in 18:10 took tram number 17.
- IN 18:48 went out happy final stop "Medvedkovo".
You can see that I chose my route based not on a decrease in the number of changes or total mileage, but on the basis of the shortest waiting time for trams at stops.
On the map of Moscow, the trajectory of a large tram journey looks like this:
The general statistics of a large tram journey is as follows:
| Tram | №1 | №16 | №38 | №43 | №11 | №17 | ||||||
| Tram waiting time | 4 minutes | 2 minutes | 10 minutes | 3 min | 4 minutes | 3 min | ||||||
| Travel time | 18 minutes | 28 minutes | 16 minutes | 43 minutes | 27 minutes | 38 minutes | ||||||
| Number of stops passed | 18 | 15 | 12 | 25 | 18 | 20 | ||||||
| Distance traveled | 6 km | 8 kilometers | 5 km | 11 km | 8 kilometers | 9 km | ||||||
| The speed of alternating stops (stops per hour) | 60 | 32 | 45 | 35 | 40 | 32 | ||||||
| Average travel speed | 20 km / h | 18 km / h | 19 km / h | 15 km / h | 17 km / h | 14 km / h | ||||||
| Average distance between stops | 339 m | 547 m | 425 m | 436 m | 422 m | 455m | ||||||
| Average number of passengers | 3 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 50 | ||||||
| Driver | wives | wives | wives | wives | husband | wives |
TOTAL:
Total waiting time for trams - 26 minutes.
Total travel time (excluding waiting trams) - 2 hours 50 minutes.
Total time from start to finish - 3 hours 16 minutes.
The total number of stops passed - 108 .
Total distance traveled - 47 km.
Average speed of alternating stops - 41 stops per hour.
Average travel speed - 17 km / h.
Average distance between stops - 437 meters away.
Approximate number of free riders: 7% of the total number of passengers.
The scandal of a passenger with a driver - 1 (due to ticketless passage, tram number 16)
Number of controllers met - 0 .
Many public lines in Moscow can surprise you with their history and beauty of routes. Today we will tell you about tram routes.
Most popular route
Tram number A "Annushka"
Route: Kaluzhskaya square - metro " Clean ponds».
This is the most famous tram route in Moscow, launched in 1911 and affectionately nicknamed "Annushka" by Muscovites. The tram route ran along Boulevard ring "A", about which Paustovsky wrote at one time: "The line was smart, theatrical and shop, and the passenger was different - intelligent and bureaucratic." All the beauty of the golden-headed one flashed before the eyes of the passengers of the Annushka. In 1936, the "A ring" was opened, and the tram route changed forever, and in 1991 it was completely eliminated. To celebrate the 850th anniversary of Moscow in 1997, the tram route, which has become a real symbol of the capital, was restored.
The oldest route
Tram number 27
Route: Voykovskaya metro station - Dmitrovskaya metro station
The oldest surviving, albeit partially, tram route is located in the north of Moscow. His age is as much as 113 years. It began as a route of the city's horse-drawn railroad (horse tram). Its exploitation was not profitable. In the evenings, horses and carriages had to be sent to the depot eight kilometers away. In rainy weather, the horses got stuck in the mud among the fields, and the horse-drawn carriages were cold. And already in 1891 it was decided to replace the show jumping with a steam tram.
The very first electric route
Tram number 6
Route: Bratsevo - Sokol metro station.
It was on tram route 6 that the first electric tram was launched in 1899. The whole city came to the grand opening. The first shiny car, decorated with ribbons and flags, drove out along the route that passed from Petrovsky Park, beloved by the city dwellers, to the Savelovsky railway station. In 12 years, not a single horse-drawn railway will remain in the capital, all lines will be electrified. The route was changed many times, completely canceled and re-introduced. More or less close to the current state of the tram route No. 6 received in 1944.
Route with turnover at a dead end
Tram number 9
Route: MIIT - Belorusskaya metro station.
On this route, two-way trains operate, which consist of two coupled cars with five doors on each side. It was launched in 2012. And precisely because of the large number of people and cars in the center, the development of the tram ring by offices, they had to use the “push-and-pull” shuttle system, along which the cars, like in the subway, do not turn around, but go back and forth, since they use turnaround dead end.
The most tourist route
Tram number 39
Route: Chistye Prudy - Universitet metro station.
This is one of the most beautiful tram lines, which is why it was called tourist. The route has not changed since its opening in 1963. Driving along this route, you can see a lot of Moscow sights - old estates and houses, Donskoy and St. Daniel's monasteries, Lomonosov and Leninsky avenues with their Stalinist buildings. And at the end you can walk to the Moscow State University.
Most innovative route
Tram number 17
Route: Ostankino - Medvedkovo
This route from Ostankino to Medvedkovo runs along a road isolated from cars and has the largest passenger traffic in the capital. Therefore, the authorities are doing their best to improve the conditions of his work. There I made the insulation of the canvas from road transport, a new technology of fastening rails and sleepers was applied, the platforms for boarding and the step of the tram were made on the same level It is planned that it is on this route that a modern traffic control system will be applied, when the cars will control traffic lights, providing themselves with a "green wave".
The only circular route
Tram number 4
Route: Sokolniki metro station - Rokossovskogo boulevard metro station.
The only circular route in Moscow is also notable for the fact that it has two names: 4l and 4pr, which is explained by the side of tram movement along the ring. The length of the route is just over 12 kilometers. From Sokolnicheskaya Zastava to Rostokinsky passage, this is the only tram route, and part of the way it goes through the park. They say that here you can experience the feeling of a fairy tale - tree branches knock on the windows and a real forest scent penetrates.
Routes of the future
The city authorities plan to launch the fastest trams in 2017. These will be new lines with high-speed traffic from the Prazhskaya metro station to the Biryulyovo Zapadnoye and Biryulyovo Vostochnoye districts, as well as along the Entuziastov highway to the Ivanovskoye district. They will be built according to the most modern standards, using the latest tramway designs. The average route speed along these lines will be 30 km / h.
A little more than a month ago, a retro night tram started to run in St. Petersburg. So far, only experimental, but the authorities say that the route will become regular.
Sobaka.ru studied the current routes of city trams and figured out how to arrange a tour for 25 rubles. Interesting tram routes - the shortest, longest, historically important, the only suburban and the most picturesque.
Number 3. Repin Square - Sennaya Square
(Repin Square - Lotsmanskaya Street (back: Rimsky-Korsakov Avenue) - Fontanka River Embankment - Sadovaya Street - Turgenev Square - Sadovaya Street - Sennaya Square)
Route 3 is the shortest in the city. Its path consists of seven stops and 2.5 kilometers of tracks. The troika appeared back in 1907 and moved from the Baltic station to New Village... Over time, the length of the path was shortened, and the route itself was closed four times. In March 2013, it appeared again, linking Repin Square and the Sennaya Ploschad metro station. Today, new shuttle trams with two cabins are operating on the tracks, capable of accelerating to 80 km / h.
No. 9. Railway station Ruchyi - metro station "Udelnaya"
(Nauki Avenue - Tikhoretsky Avenue - Kultury Avenue - Lunacharsky Avenue - Engels Avenue - Enotaevskaya Street)
Another historical route... It has also been operating since 1907, this year the first tramway in St. Petersburg was opened. Traffic on the route stopped only in 1941, when the power supply was cut off throughout the city. In 1950, his route was resumed with some changes and an increase in the length of the tracks. Getting on the historic route is easy: today the ninth tram runs every 10-15 minutes.
No. 100. Roadside alley - Ruchyi railway station
(Roadside alley - Engels avenue - Enlightenment avenue - Rustaveli street)
In 2007, in honor of the centenary of the opening of the land electric tram in St. Petersburg, the 100th tram was launched. Rather, the 57th route was renamed to the hundredth. But the changes affected not only the number: the first high-speed tram was launched along the tracks. From the “Roadside Alley” station to Lunacharskiy Avenue, a “green wave” was organized (synchronization of traffic lights for non-stop traffic), and the tracks were reconstructed. Today the route has been extended to the station "Ruchyi" and operates as usual. As for the 57th tram, its route appeared again in 2009, and it still operates today.
No. 36. Oboronnaya street - Strelna village
(Trefoleva street - Marshal Govorov street - Novostroek street - Kronstadt street - Stachek avenue - Peterhof highway - St. Petersburg highway)
The only tram that goes to the suburbs today is the 36th. Its route runs along the former 66-kilometer Oranienburg power line, which, in fact, is the first line commuter trains In Petersburg. Initially, the 36th connected the Lomonosov plant with Peterhof Square, and in 2006 it received its final form: almost 20 kilometers of tracks that start on Oboronnaya Street and end at the Strelna station.
No. 77. Solidarity Avenue - Commune Street
(Solidarity Avenue - Dybenko Street - Dalnevostochny Avenue - Novocherkassky Avenue - Yakornaya Street - Sredneokhtinsky Avenue - Bolshaya Porokhovskaya Street - Irinovsky Avenue)
The most long route, lasts 23 kilometers. The route runs along the Neva River through two bridges: Volodarsky and Alexander Nevsky. It starts at the station "Prospect Solidarity" and ends at the ring of the Komunna street.
Text: Evgeny Strokov
Moscow monorail.
Despite the fact that the first rail overpass transport appeared in Russia back in the 19th century, attempts to turn it into a full-fledged view public transport were crowned with success only at the beginning of the XXI century. On November 20, 2004, the first train set off over Moscow. However, until 2008, the monorail was viewed more as a kind of attraction. The trains ran from 10:00 to 16:00 with an interval of half an hour, the fare was 50 rubles, and only from January 10, 2008 the monorail became a full-fledged element of the transport system the Russian capital... At present, the Moscow monorail is a 4.7 km long line connecting Sergei Eisenstein Street with the Timiryazevskaya platform through VDNKh and Ostankino. Since the road is operated by the Moscow Metro, the fare payment system is similar to that of the Moscow Metro.
Steam train cruise. Circum-Baikal railway.
The 89 km long Slyudyanka - Baikal railway runs along the western shore of Lake Baikal. Once it was part of the Trans-Siberian Railway, but with the commissioning of a section on the other side, the road fell into disrepair. Now it is used to communicate with the mainland of the inhabitants of coastal villages, as well as tourist route... Numerous bridges and tunnels, coupled with the picturesque landscapes of the Baikal region, attract the attention of fans exotic vacation... At their service one of travel companies provides a retro train "Baikal Cruise". From Irkutsk, the train is delivered by an electric locomotive to the Slyudyanka station, from where, already driven by a steam-powered locomotive, it goes to the village of Baikal and back. The trip lasts two days.
Metrotram. Volgograd high-speed tram.
The Volgograd high-speed tram line, opened in 1984, is today one of the landmarks of the hero-city, along with Mamayev Kurgan or Staraya Sarepta. This is because part of the line runs underground and underground stops look like real metro stations. Only now the platforms do not rise above the tracks, and instead of electric trains, the same trams run as above. The similarity with the metro gave the transport the name “metrotram”, although until 2011 there were only two underground stations and one flyover. Now, there are five stations underground, but the Profsoyuznaya - TYuZ - Yelshanka section is served only by new articulated LANs-2009, which have cabins on both sides. The usual “Tatra T-3” do not enter there due to the absence of a turning ring, still turning from the overpass at “Pionerskaya” to Chekistov Square. A new high-speed tram line is planned to be launched for the 2018 World Cup.
Hydropower transport. Cheryomushkinsky tram.
Near the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station there is a village called Cheryomushki. Mainly hydropower engineers live here, serving this very hydroelectric power station. And the main way to get to work is by tram, which runs the entire route in 15 minutes. The uniqueness of the Cheremushkinskaya tramway is not only that part of the route runs along the former bottom of the Yenisei, but also that it became the last tram system built in our country. Only seven months after the opening of the route, the USSR collapsed, and at the present stage of history, no city has yet acquired a tram.
Tram for a holiday traveler. Village Dairy.
If the Cheremushkinsky tram is designed to deliver workers to work, then its "relative" from the village of Molochny, which is near the Crimean Yevpatoria, carries tourists. The administration of the Beregovoy sanatorium decided to establish its own tram in 1989, which, despite its name, is located one and a half kilometers from the Black Sea beach. Vacationers are the main passengers of the tram and can use it free of charge. But anyone who wants to buy a ticket from the conductor will be able to ride to the Black Sea coast... With the annexation of Crimea to Russia, the tram line of the village of Molochny with a length of only one and a half kilometers became the shortest in Russia.
Tram from the forest. Volchansk.
We conclude a small series of tram sketches with a narration about the tram of the city of Volchansk, located in the north-west Sverdlovsk region... It is widely believed that Volchansk is the smallest city in the world with its own tram. In 2009, the city authorities even wanted to testify to this fact in the Guinness Book of Records, but Bad Schandau was found in Germany, which, despite the population of less than three thousand people, has the status of a city and has its own tram system. However, the Volchansky tram is unique even without that. The fact is that Volchansk consists of two parts: Volchanka and Lesnaya Volchanka, separated by overgrown meadows and taiga, through which the tram travels. Several decades ago, there was an intercity tram line between Volchansk and neighboring Karpinsk, which also had its own tram, but back in 1965 it was dismantled in order to let a walking excavator pass, but it was never reassembled. And in 1994 Karpinsk abandoned the tram. In Volchansk, despite the competition in the form of a bus, the tram still runs.
Narrow gauge road of life. Alapaevskaya railroad.
To the north of Alapaevsk there are several villages, which can be reached in one and only way - by rail with a gauge of 750 mm and a length of 270 kilometers, which makes the road the longest narrow-gauge railway in Russia. Built this transport and historical monument at the end of the XIX century A. Yu. Illero, an Alapaevsky industrialist of French origin, for production needs. In the 20th century, the purpose of the road changed: instead of metallurgists, it began to serve loggers, as well as residents of the surrounding villages. In the middle of the last century, the Alapaevskaya narrow-gauge railway was an extensive network of railways, and only the main line Alapaevsk - Kalach with small branches has survived to this day. However, to get to extreme point way, the traveler will have to make a change in Sankino, where trains from Alapaevsk, which have common and reserved seat cars, go four times a week. A train consisting of a diesel locomotive and one common carriage runs from Sankino to Kalach three times a week. Beyond Kalach, the road continues for a bit and ends at the local cemetery. Such an end of the railway track is often perceived as an alarming symbol of the imminent "death" of the narrow-gauge railway, however, despite the constant threat of closure, the road, which is the only means of communication with civilization for residents of Kalach and other villages, continues to work.
Crimean trolleybus.
With the annexation of Crimea, Russia received not only the shortest tram route (see above), but also the longest trolleybus route. The fact is that the trolleybus systems of Simferopol, Yalta and Alushta are interconnected intercity routes... In 2014, the routes “Airport Simferopol - Alushta” and “Airport Simferopol - Yalta”, which were closed in 1998, were restored. Now, to get from Simferopol airport to south coast, a tourist just needs to get on a trolleybus and drive more than 90 kilometers along mountain tracks.
Flight over the Volga. Nizhny Novgorod cable car.
Nizhny Novgorod and the town of Bor, located on the other bank of the Volga, are connected not only by a railway and a highway, but also by a cable car. Every year the road over the Volga, the rowing canal and coastal zone used by thousands of passengers traveling from Bor to the regional center for work and study. A three-kilometer section of the track with a height difference of 62 meters is covered by eight cabins in 15 minutes, which significantly saves time. True, in the morning and in the evening, much more time is spent waiting for their turn to board. Despite the rather high cost of travel (as of 2014, one trip costs 75 rubles), transport is popular among students who are provided with discounted passes.
Funicular "Soviet San Francisco". Vladivostok.
They say that Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev decided to build a funicular in Vladivostok: after returning from America, he decided to turn the capital of Primorye into "Soviet San Francisco", one of the symbols of which is the cable car. It was decided to arrange the funicular line on the slope of the Orlina hill, facing the Golden Horn Bay, and in 1962, an 183-meter rail track appeared between Sukhanov and Pushkin streets, along which two trailers began to run. Along the line along the slope of the mountain in 1957, a ladder was laid for walking during the repair or maintenance of the funicular. Locals they call it the “ladder of health”. A significant part of the passengers are FEFU students, whose academic buildings are located next to both funicular stops.
P. S. Light at the end of the cave. New Athos railway.
Our top is completed by the New Athos cave railway, located in Abkhazia.
In 1961, one of the largest caves in Abkhazia was discovered in Novy Afon in the depths of the Iverskaya Mountain. After 14 years, it was decided to make it open for tourists, and for their convenience, a railway was built, which many compare to the metro. The only thing that distinguishes the New Athos subway from the traditional subway is its narrow track and the absence of a second track. The road is 1.3 kilometers long and there are three stations. Trains of six cars cover the entire journey in five minutes. Trains run from May to November, as well as during the Christmas holidays.
The coastal tram is the longest tram route in the world. The first part of the route was laid in 1885 as a railway. Now it is a 67-kilometer route that runs along the entire Belgian North Sea coast.
The route currently starts at Knokke, near the Dutch border, and ends at De Panne, near the French border.
Now there are about 70 stops on the line, located in 15 zones-cities. The fare is divided into "up to 2 zones" and "3 or more zones". On the diagram, the numbers indicate buses and trams that can be changed to.
The ticket price is 1.2 euros for 2 zones or 2 euros for an unlimited trip. If you intend to make several tram trips, it is advantageous to buy a day ticket. 5 euros - and ride the tram all day long in all the cities of the coast. Which is what we did. True, our ticket has never been checked :)
Tram station in Ostend. Ticket office inside and board with timetable outside. Oostende station - large stopping point in the middle of the way. Some of the trams can run "to Ostend" on schedule.
To service the 1000mm-gauge coastal tramway, cars specially made for it back in the 80s are used. In the 2000s, all cars were modernized. Front view of the tram car:
Rear view of the tram car:
Part of the route runs through city blocks.
Part - along the sea coast.
Here is a funny section, on the one hand - the beach, on the other - cannons and artillery pieces from World War II ( outdoor museum "Atlantic Wall")
The tram is moving pretty fast. At the intersection with motorways, there are automatic barriers that close when trams approach.
Part of the path looks like this:
Where trams share a lane with buses, the roadway looks like this:
Along the way, there are a lot of jumpers between tracks and backup rings, thanks to which it is possible to bypass broken trams or shorten the route.
Pedestrian and bicycle crossing over the tramway.
Tram tracks can be repaired and changed all year round... One track changes, and trams are allowed through the jumpers along the opposite track.
Trams run smoothly on schedule. The schedule can be taken at the tram station or read at the stops. At each stop there is a board with the arrival time of the nearest trams and buses.
0 is a coastal tram. The interval of tram movement in autumn was 15 minutes. In summer, trams run every 10 minutes. The timetable contains the period of its validity and all hours and minutes of departure at each stop by days of the week.
Tram stop in Newport (Newport):
The bus stops are not just boards.
They show historical photographs of the coastal tramway. So you can while away the wait for the tram by looking at more than just advertisements.
This is how the tram looked on this line in the middle of the last century.
Inside the trams there are special composters. The main difference between them is the buttons with the number of zones to which the ticket is made.
The salon of the coastal tram cars is united. Part of the cabin is low-floor.
Coastal tram passengers.
Above the doors, like in a subway, there is a line diagram.
The tram arrives at the stop at Koksijde.
There are on-demand stops right in the middle of the road between cities. To the beach:)
In the cabin:
What other window tram route in the world can you see such a landscape?
Ostend. On the right is the yacht parking. On the left is the hotel.
If you are in Belgium, be sure to take a ride on the coast tram!
