I don’t think you have to visit the Grand Kremlin Palace every day. Therefore, we have a unique opportunity to see not only this building from the outside, but also to visit its beautiful halls. And I must say, it's amazing.
The Grand Kremlin Palace is a monumental yellow building with white platbands, a facade overlooking the Moskva River, stretching 125 meters from west to east, was built by order of Emperor Nicholas I, as a palace-monument of Russian history and the glory of the Russian army. In 1838-1849 it was built by Russian architects D.N. Chichalov, P.A. Gerasimov, A.N. Bakarev, F. Richter and others under the leadership of K.A. Ton. The palace was the temporary residence of the imperial family during their stay in Moscow. From the outside, the palace looks like three stories, but actually consists of two floors. The first floor protrudes forward and forms an open terrace above. Arched windows, separated by narrow walls, give it the appearance of a closed gallery. The plinth is faced with natural stone. The two-tier facade of the second floor is dissected by pilasters and is completely decorated with carved white-stone window frames in the Russian style. architecture XVII century. All photos and comments to them gborisova
Door portal of the Andreevsky hall. St. Andrew's order Andrew the First-Called, the eldest of the Russian orders, established by Emperor Peter I in 1698 in the name of St. Andrew the First-Called Apostle, St. baptism originally limits our enlightened one. The Imperial Order of Andrew the First-Called has only one degree. Its signs are as follows: 1) a blue cross with a two-headed eagle crowned with three crowns, representing St. Apostle Andrew and having Latin letters at four ends: - S. A. P. R., meaning: Sanctus Andreas Patronus Russiae, and on the other side, in the middle of the eagle, a charter on which the order's motto is written: "for faith and fidelity"; 2) a silver star, having in the middle, in a golden field, a two-headed eagle, crowned with three crowns, and in the middle of the eagle the St. Andrew's cross; in a circle, in a blue field, at the top is the order's motto in gold letters, and at the bottom there are two connected laurel branches; the star is worn on the left side; 3) blue ribbon over the right shoulder; and on the holiday of the order and other days, when the highest order will be commanded to be in full dress, instead of a ribbon, there is an order cross on a gold chain.
When the order is awarded to non-Christians, the image of St. The Apostle, his name and the cross is replaced by the image of the Imperial Russian eagle. To the signs complained of for military exploits, two swords lying crosswise are added. The order's attire consists of: 1) A long, green velvet epancha, lined with white taffeta with silver-eyed cragens, tied with silver. cords, with the same tassels; a more ordinary star is embroidered on its left side; 2) a supervest of a white brocade, with a gold lace, the same fringe and with a cross sewn on the chest; 3) a black velvet hat with a red feather and a cross of St. Andrew the Apostle sewn from a narrow blue ribbon. The holders of this order are considered all in the third class, even if they were in the service and below this class, and at the same time they are made knights of St. Alexander Nevsky, White Eagle and St. Anna of the 1st grade, even if they did not have such before. - The cavaliers celebrate the day of the establishment of this order - November 30, and the order was given a cathedral named after him on Vasilievsky Island... Petersburg is under the special care and care of the holders of this order. and mosk. educational homes (St. Z. t. I, Uchr. Ord. Art. 291 et seq.). Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron. - S.-Pb .: Brockhaus-Efron. 1890-1907.
From the moment of its construction, St. Andrew's Hall was the main one in the palace. In his east side there are three throne seats under ermine canopies. All parts of the royal place: the canopy, the steps of the foothills and the thrones are covered with precious gold brocade. The canopy is lined with ermine fur inside (today the ermine on the royal mantle is artificial - the old mantle that covered the thrones was sold in 1925). There are three throne seats. During the coronation of Emperor Nicholas II, they were intended for the Emperor, Empress and Empress Dowager - Nicholas's mother.
The imperial throne is overshadowed by a tent, with an entrance in six steps. The state emblem of the Russian Empire, a two-headed eagle, is placed on the canopy of the tent.
St. Andrew's Throne Hall During the days of coronation celebrations, the Emperor and Empress received congratulations in the St. Andrew's Hall. Representatives of different nationalities, estates and religions were invited to Moscow from all over the country. The sovereign and empress greeted them standing. The throne room of the Russian emperors amazes with its size and dazzling luxury. The cross vaults are supported by 10 four-sided columns, forming three naves. The vaults, columns and pylons are covered with gilded stucco in the form of a plant pattern. And the capitals are decorated with the sign of the order - a two-headed eagle, against which there is a blue cross with the image of the crucified apostle. The walls are covered with silk moire, decorated with chains and the insignia of the Order. On the frieze of the longitudinal walls there are 48 titular coats of arms of the Russian monarchs. “For Faith and Loyalty” is the motto of this order.
Dome of the Vladimir Hall. The Vladimir Hall is named after the Order of St. Vladimir. Order of St. Vladimir was dedicated to the holy prince Vladimir, popularly called the "Red Sun", who brought the light of Christ to Russia. The order was established in 1782 as an award for outstanding service in the military and civil service, as well as for length of service. The motto of the order is "Benefit, Honor and Glory". The eight-sided two-height hall of St. Vladimir, in contrast to the St. George Hall, is illuminated by an overhead light through the dome. The vault of the Vladimir Hall resembles tents, and the arches of the bypass side galleries, as it were, repeat the outlines of ancient arches. The dome is crowned with a skylight. In the evening, the hall is illuminated by a huge gilded bronze chandelier.
The St. George Hall is the largest ceremonial hall in the entire palace: 61 m long, 20.5 m wide, 17.5 m high. The combination of white and gold creates a sense of solemnity with its simplicity. Powerful pylons support the vaulted ceiling, decorated with floral stucco and rosettes. All eighteen pylons are crowned with marble statues (sculptor Ivan Vitali) - allegorically symbolizing the regions and kingdoms that make up the multinational state. Structurally, each pylon consists of a high hollow zinc column, decorated with stucco and topped with a Corinthian capital. On the southern and northern walls there are bas-reliefs depicting St. George and the snake (sculptor Pavel Kladsh). The parquet floor resembles a gigantic patterned carpet. The floor is covered with a pattern of more than 20 different types of wood - birch, ash, Indian rosewood, plane tree, plane trees, etc. In the evenings, the hall is illuminated by six bronze gilded openwork chandeliers. Each weighing 1300 kg. and 40 wall lights. The signs of St. George were: a gold with white enamel cross with the image of George slaying the serpent, a black and orange ribbon and a gold star with the motto "For service and courage." The insignia of the Order adorn the upper part of the walls of the St. George Hall. On the wall boards the names of the St. George Knights and the names of regular military units awarded this order are inscribed in gold. They were awarded to soldiers and officers for bravery and courage shown in battle, and for length of service: 25 years in the army and 18 in the navy. Over the entire existence of the order, over 11 thousand heroes have been awarded them. During the solemn consecration of the palace in April 1849, the Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret said: "The palace of George the Victorious must become a temple of glory for the victorious Russian army." This hall has witnessed many historical events.
The signs of St. George were: a gold with white enamel cross with the image of George slaying the serpent, a black and orange ribbon and a gold star with the motto "For service and courage." The insignia of the Order adorn the upper part of the walls of the St. George Hall. During ceremonial receptions, officers gathered, on whose chests were the same signs that adorn the walls of the hall. On the walls of the St. George Hall are marble plaques with the names of 545 regiments, naval crews and batteries, and more than 10 thousand names of officers and generals who were awarded the Order of St. George, carved in golden letters, among them such names as: Suvorov, Kutuzov, Ushakov, Nakhimov. During the solemn consecration of the palace in April 1849, the Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret said: "The palace of George the Victorious must become a temple of glory for the victorious Russian army." The original parquet of 1845 has been preserved in the Georgievsky Hall. More than 20 valuable types of wood from South-East Asia and South America... This hall hosts international conferences, diplomatic and government receptions, award ceremonies with orders and medals.
This is one of the most impressive rooms in the Kremlin Palace. Large and solemn, it is named after the Order of St. George the Victorious, established in 1769 by Empress Catherine II and which became the highest award in the Russian army. The Holy Great Martyr has long been revered in Russia as the personification of military valor. Under Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich, there even existed a certain prototype of this order. A coin with the image of George the Victorious was awarded to soldiers for bravery. At that time it was worn on a sleeve or a hat. George the Victorious, in addition, has been considered the patron saint of Moscow since ancient times. Since its foundation, the image of the saint has adorned the coat of arms of the ancient capital, and later became part of the coat of arms of Russia. During the solemn consecration of the palace in April 1849, the Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret said: "The palace of George the Victorious must become a temple of glory for the victorious Russian army." The walls of the St. George Hall are decorated with gold stars and medal signs with the motto "For Service and Courage." The names of 545 regiments, naval crews and batteries and more than 10 thousand names of officers and generals who were awarded the Order of St. George the Victorious are carved on marble slabs. Among them are the names of field marshals A. V. Suvorov, M. I. Kutuzov, General P. I. Bagration, admirals F. F. Ushakov, P. S. Nakhimov. On both sides of the hall there are 18 twisted columns crowned with allegorical statues of victories. The ceiling is decorated with stucco in the form of floral ornaments and rosettes. The parquet floor of the hall is exceptional in beauty and virtuosity. It is lined with a pattern of 20 different types of wood - birch, ash, Indian rosewood, plane tree, plane trees, etc. In the semicircles of the transverse walls there are high-relief statues of St. George on a horse by the sculptor Peter Klodt.
The Alexander Hall, into which gilded doors lead from the St. George Hall, is huge: 31.5 meters in length, 21 in width and 20 in height. In the design of this hall, the architect Konstantin Ton used elements typical of Byzantine-Russian architecture. Prince Alexander of Novgorod, patron of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, a state award of the Russian Empire from 1725 to 1917, established by Catherine I. The motto of the Order "For Labor and Fatherland" was later placed on the star for piety and courage.
The dome of the Alexander Hall is a hemisphere that rests on massive pylons. In its stucco gilded courts, there are signs of the Order: a cross and a star with the monogram of S.A. On the sides is the state emblem - a two-headed eagle with a royal crown, a scepter and orb. The house, like the world, there is a surprise ... the house is very red, cunningly created by the Honesty of the kingdoms lepo prepared. Its beauty is powerfully equal to Solomon's beautiful polata ... Gold shines brightly everywhere, the Tsar's house shows its beauty. I always look at the writings, I learn many wonderful stories ... Four parts of the world are written, Aki are cunningly sculptured on copper ... Buslaev FI Historical anthology of the Church Slavonic and Old Russian languages. M., 1861.S. 1197.
Entrance to the Andreevsky throne room. The parquet in the halls of the palace was made in 1843 by Moscow craftsmen. Contemporaries called him beautiful, durable and graceful at the same time. The sophisticated patterns and weaves of the parquet pattern resemble a real woven carpet. In March 1960, a professor at the Academy of Arts, Peter Moller, proposed painting a picture on the theme of the life of Saint Alexander Nevsky, patron of the Order. Six historical paintings were created and mounted in the upper niches of the end sides of the hall: on the west - the military exploits of the prince, on the east - scenes from his peaceful life: the builder of monasteries, the enlightened and wise ruler.
Ceiling vaults of the Alexander Hall The sail vaults, decorated with order signs, bear a spherical dome with the same signs, framed by state emblems in triangular ornaments on four sides. The house, like the world, there is a surprise ... the house is very red, cunningly created by the Honesty of the kingdoms lepo prepared. Its beauty is powerfully equal to Solomon's beautiful polata ... Gold shines brightly everywhere, the Tsar's house shows its beauty. I always look at the writings, I learn many wonderful stories ... Four parts of the world are written, Aki are cunningly sculpted on copper ... Buslaev FI Historical anthology of Church Slavonic and Old Russian languages. M., 1861.S. 1197.
The huge, two-tier windows of the Alexander Hall face south and literally flood all the rooms with light reflected in numerous mirrors. The walls are decorated with white and pink artificial marble. The furniture is upholstered in red velvet in the color of the order ribbon. On the walls between the twisted columns are the coats of arms of the lands that were part of the Russian Empire.
Massive carved doors are decorated with order crosses. In the 19th century, the main hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace was the Andreevsky (throne) hall. In the mid-90s of the XX century, St. Andrew's Hall was restored to its original splendor. The hall is decorated with 10 gilded pylons and gilded doors with order crosses and chains of the St.Andrew Order, established by Emperor Peter I. The walls are covered with blue, the color of St.Andrew's ribbon, silk moire, decorated with chains and signs of the order. The coats of arms of the provinces and regions of Russia are placed above the windows. The dome of the hall is noteworthy, in the complex gilded stucco patterns of which order signs with the motto “Benefit. Honour. Glory".
In addition, you have the opportunity to familiarize yourself with other halls of the Grand Kremlin Palace. Hall of the inauguration of the President of Russia! Red porch. I am proud of beauty, craftsmen, history and Russia!
Address: Russia, Moscow, Moscow Kremlin
Start of construction: 1838 year
End of construction: 1849 year
Architect: K. A. Ton
Halls of the palace: Andreevsky, Alexandrovsky, Vladimirsky, Georgievsky, Ekaterininsky
Coordinates: 55 ° 44 "59.4" N 37 ° 36 "57.2" E
An object cultural heritage Russian Federation
The Grand Kremlin Palace is a building of extraordinary beauty, and the look and decoration of all its premises literally takes your breath away! Unfortunately, this building is a state institution and a secure facility, so it is almost impossible to get there on a tour.
The story about the Grand Kremlin Palace should begin with the history of its construction, which has more than a dozen years and many events.
However, the next empress, Catherine II, did not like the new palace - in her opinion, it was too modest and did not fully correspond to the greatness of the Russian Empire. Therefore, once again it was decided to rebuild the Moscow imperial residence. Architect Bazhenov V.I. a project for a new palace was developed.
View of the southern facade of the Palace
The scale of the construction was supposed to be considerable - the palace was supposed to occupy the entire territory of the Kremlin near the river, from Borovitsky Hill to the very bank of the Moskva River. To implement this project, several objects were destroyed on the territory of the Kremlin. For example, the orders located east of the Archangel Cathedral were demolished. Has been destroyed and part kremlin wall between the First, Second and Petrovskaya Nameless Towers and the Taynitsky Gates. The official foundation stone of the new palace was carried out in 1773. But, what is most interesting, already in 1774, a year after the solemn ceremony, the project was recognized as too large-scale and inappropriate for the tasks it had to answer. As a result, almost all of the destroyed objects were restored, and one building was erected on the prepared site - the Moscow branch of the Senate. At the same time, they did not forget about the old palace - they decided to update it and rebuild it a little.
The history of the construction of a large Kremlin Palace it doesn't end there. When the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior began in Moscow, the idea of \u200b\u200bits renovation came up again. The reason was the idea that the new Kremlin palace should have symbolized the renewal of the city.
The initiator of the creation of a new palace on the site of the old branch of the Senate was the Russian emperor Nicholas I. Architect Konstantin Ton began to develop a new project in 1837. It should be noted that the same Konstantin Ton designed and built the Cathedral of Christ the Savior.
The Grand Kremlin Palace and new building technologies
Konstantin Ton decided to use a number of revolutionary innovations for the construction of the large Moscow palace. Lightweight large-span brick vaults and metal roof trusses were truly a new word in the building technologies of that time. In addition, cement was used for the first time in the construction of the large Moscow palace.
On the decoration and halls of the Kremlin Palace
The mixture of styles used in the interior decoration of the large Kremlin palace is made with impeccable taste and includes both elements of the Renaissance and fragments of Russian-Byzantine styles. The palace includes several rooms, each of which should be described separately.
Conference Hall - the largest hall in the Kremlin Palace
Next to the St. George Hall is the largest hall of the Kremlin Palace - the Session Hall. The fact is that the hall turned out to be the largest as a result of the unification in 1933-1934 by the architect Ivanov of two halls at once - Alexandrovsky and Andreevsky.
During Soviet times, the meeting room had a longer name: the meeting room of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In the period from 1994 to 1998, reconstruction work was carried out to restore the interiors of the combined halls, which were damaged during the redevelopment. The Meeting Room has an area of \u200b\u200b1615 sq. m, with 18-meter ceilings, and the maximum capacity of the hall is 3000 people.
St. George Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace
Perhaps the most beautiful of all. The hall was named after the Order of St. George the Victorious. For those who do not know, this is the highest award for the officers of the Russian army, which was established in 1769. The hall is dedicated to the heroes of Russia's military glory. The halls contain several marble planks bearing the names of regiments, batteries, and naval crews. The names of more than 10 thousand holders of the Order of St. George the Victorious are also carved. By the way, among those who proudly wore this order are such famous personalities as Alexander Suvorov, Fyodor Ushakov, Mikhail Kutuzov, Pavel Nakhimov and Peter Bagration.
The dimensions of the St. George Hall are as follows: length - 61 m, width 20.5 m, and height 17.5 m. The main colors are white and gold. The 18 pylons that support the ceiling are made in the form of marble statues by I. Vitali.
Fragment of the facade of the Palace
The lighting elements of the hall also look impressive - which are 6 gilded openwork, bronze chandeliers (each weighing 1.3 tons) and 40 stylish lamps located on the walls around the hall.
Significant events that took place within the walls of the St. George Hall include the reception of participants in the Victory Parade in 1945 and the meeting of the first cosmonaut on Earth - Yuri Gagarin.
Vladimirsky Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace
The Order of St. Vladimir is the award in honor of which the Vladimir Hall is named. The hall is made very interestingly - in the form of an octahedron, the lighting of the hall is natural, through a glass dome on the ceiling. In fact, this hall is a key architectural element of the Grand Kremlin Palace. From it you can get to the St. George Hall, the Faceted Chamber, the Terem Palace and many other rooms. For lighting at night, the hall has a chandelier, also made of gilded bronze. The most beautiful floor also attracts attention, the parquet of which is made of several noble wood species. The hall is decorated in pink tones, mainly due to the wall cladding in pink marble.
March 24th, 2015"The earth begins,
as you know, from the Kremlin "
(c) V. Mayakovsky.
How many different palaces we have visited in our travels. But the most important thing in hometown - The Grand Kremlin Palace remained completely unattainable for us. In the Kremlin, you can officially visit the Armory, the Diamond Fund, cathedrals, but for some reason the most beautiful Grand Kremlin Palace is not included in the visit list. It's strange. Delegations of all kinds of foreigners are taken there and separate excursions for some organizations, apparently to raise the level of patriotism. We have always dreamed of getting there and as soon as we had the opportunity to visit the BKD we gladly took this opportunity. The object is secure. So here you can shoot, but here you can't. What is the reason for this, again, it is not clear. But these are the rules. As a result, it was possible to shoot in the ceremonial halls in the Faceted Chamber, but not on the first floor and in the Terem Palace. But all the same, what he saw is amazing.
1. The Grand Kremlin Palace is one of the most massive structures inside the Kremlin. The construction of the palace began at the same time as the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. Its construction was completed in 1849. The palace was supposed to symbolize the new Moscow. However, the old Kremlin buildings were not lost as a result of large-scale construction. And as a result, the Grand Kremlin Palace is connected with the Terem Palace and the Faceted Chamber and makes one whole with them.
2. Let's start with the Faceted Chamber. There are doors in the distance that lead to the Red Porch.
3. And this room itself is the Holy Hall. By the way, the Faceted Chamber was restored in 2012 and now appears before visitors in all its splendor. By the way, who knows what kind of thing on the right wall? Maybe it's the air ducts of the ventilation or heating system.
4. Beautiful painting and gilding around - looks very rich.
By the way, here is an archive photo. It can be seen here that the current parquet is much more interesting than in the photo of the beginning of the last century.
5. Paintings in arches on religious themes. It is surprising that during the time of Peter the Great, the paintings were painted over and the vaults were covered with a rag with the image of a two-headed eagle.
6. A little more parquet.
7. There are also very beautiful chandeliers.
8. And doorknobs.
9. The door portals are also very richly decorated.
10. The Faceted Chamber. Here all the walls are painted. It can be seen, by the way, that the walls in the ward are quite thick.
11. In the middle of the chamber there is a pillar on which the vaults of the ceiling rest.
12. The vaults themselves are also richly painted.
13. Very beautiful. By the way, the carpet on the floor is also a restored authentic part of the interior.
Here is a reception in honor of the coronation of Alexander III. The royal place attracts attention. A kind of podium with a canopy.
Here's another interesting thing. The interior before the restoration of its historical appearance. The walls are draped, the vaults are whitewashed. Around the pillar are shelves with dishes.
And here is the same interior after restoration. Even the royal place looks different.
14. Now there is no royal place in the interior, most likely it was lost in Soviet times, since the chamber was used for receptions in modern times. But the lamps have remained authentic.
15. In general, the Faceted Chamber is a special place. Here, for example, the coronation of Alexander III was celebrated, meetings of the boyar duma were immediately held, the capture of Kazan in 1552 was also celebrated here. A place with a lot of history.
16. The painting of the lower part of the walls looks very cool, as if it is covered with a cloth.
17. Very, very beautiful authentic lamps. Delicate work.
18. I understand that the paintings on the walls mainly tell about scenes from the royal life.
19. More general form premises. By the way, the hall is not that big. Many now rent rooms and more to celebrate weddings.
20. However, as I said, the place is not simple, but with history. By the way, here you can clearly see the pattern of the carpet. In general, the Faceted Chamber looks very authentic ... in Old Russian, so to speak. It was very interesting to visit here.
21. We leave the Faceted Chamber and passing through the Holy Hall we find ourselves in the Vladimir Hall.
22. The hall is very solemn and beautiful. In fact, it connects the state rooms of the Grand Kremlin Palace, the Faceted Chamber and the old Terem Palace.
23. The hall is named after the Order of St. Vladimir. By the way, the upholstery of the banquets here is exactly the same color as the ribbon of the order.
24. The staircase leads to the Terem Palace.
It is interesting that during the Russo-Japanese War, a sewing workshop was organized in the halls of the Kremlin Palace where they sewed things to be sent to the front. But in the Vladimir Hall, packing of things took place.
25. Ceiling with a translucent lantern that lets light through. The vaults are decorated with gilded ornaments and images of the orders of St. Vladimir. There is also a very beautiful gilded chandelier.
26. The doors leading to the St. George Hall repeat in their shape the windows on the facade of the building.
27. On the glass there is an ornament and an image of the Order of St. George.
28. The same goes for the door handles.
29. The most pompous, the most beautiful of all the halls is the St. George Hall.
30. There is a beautiful and complex pattern on the floor. Huge gilded chandeliers. High ceilings.
31. The hall is huge. There are windows on two sides in two rows.
Here is an interesting shot from Soviet times. It looks like the Kremlin tree for the Soviet pioneers.
32. In the niches there are tablets with the names of the knights of the order. The upholstery of the banquets also repeats the colors of the St. George ribbon.
33. There is not so much gilding in the decoration of the St. George Hall as in the rest of the BKD. Everything here is decided in white tones, stucco molding on the vaults and supporting columns. Gold here is only the image of St. George's stars.
34. Once again we appreciate the awesome parquet floor. A large number of varieties of wood, a complex pattern is a very delicate work.
35. Very beautiful. On the left side, the shape of the niches for the nameplates follows the shape of the windows, as does the far wall with doors. So the Georgievsky Hall was designed in the spirit of symmetry.
36. The parquet is protected and is not allowed to walk on it. No wonder, such beauty.
37. In the ceiling you can see the ceiling stucco disguised by water, I think, ventilation holes.
38. Another view. Note the sculptures on the pillars between the windows.
39. Luxurious gilded bronze chandelier.
40. The numbers are impressive. The hall is 61 meters long, 20.5 meters wide, and 17.5 meters high. The ceiling is supported by 18 pylons. The weight of one of the six chandeliers is 1.3 tons
41. The next hall is Alexandrovsky. Interestingly, in Soviet times, the Alexandrovsky and the next Andreevsky halls were united, all the beauty was dismantled.
It looked like this. This was the meeting room of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Pretty sad.
42. In the mid-90s, it was decided to reconstruct the Alexander and Andreyevsky halls in their original form. And from 1994 to 1998 they were restored. In fact, these are replicas of the original interiors.
43. There is much more gilding here, especially after the "modest" St. George Hall. On the doors there is an image of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky. Even the chairs are decorated with his image.
44. A very elegant room, and even curtains to match the order ribbon.
45. Ttu again, full symmetry, openings on the "blank" wall repeat the window. Mirrors also give the effect of light pouring out of windows.
And here is another photo from the times of the Russo-Japanese War.
46. \u200b\u200bThere are also luxurious chandeliers and a richly decorated ceiling with images of orders woven into the ornament.
47. Gilded columns.
48. The view is very ceremonial.
49. On the door handle again the image of the order.
50. Further there is one more hall - Andreevsky. It was he who was the throne room of the Kremlin Palace. Accordingly, there is a throne, or rather three, and above them the sign of the all-seeing eye.
51. Doors between the halls. Each is decorated with a ribbon with its own order.
52. Decorating the walls and curtains in the color of the ribbon of the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called - blue.
Here unique photo from the 90s. Restorers at work.
And here's another.
53. This is just the miniatures painted on the columns above.
Parquet is being restored. In general, it is very interesting to see how all this was done.
54. Above the first row of windows along the perimeter are the coats of arms of the Russian provinces.
55. The decoration is again stucco with gilding.
56. Above three throne places canopy of ermine. They say that .... the ermine is not real! The thrones are also not real - they are copies, but the real thrones have survived, now they are in the Armory.
57. The Order of St. Andrew the First-Called is the only one that is completed with a chain. That is, the ceremonial version of the knight of the order should include such a chain, which is depicted on the doors of the hall.
58. Take another look at the throne. Very festive.
59. By the way, the side windows of the Andreevsky and Alexandrovsky halls overlook the Moscow River, from here should open beautiful view to Bolotny Island and Zamoskvorechye.
Other halls on the second floor are inaccessible for visiting, as there are the working premises of the President of Russia. And no one is allowed there even in his absence. We also visited the Malachite Hall, which runs parallel to the Andreevsky and Alexander Halls, the Terem Palace is a very beautiful, authentic place, as well as the living quarters of the emperor and his family on the first floor, but it was impossible to rent in all these rooms, which is a pity, there is something look!
P.S.
All archived photos I usually find on
In 1838, on Borovitsky Hill, at the initiative of Nicholas I, they began to build the Grand Kremlin Palace on the site of the dismantled palaces of Ivan III and Elizaveta Petrovna. The construction was completed in 1849. Almost a hundred years before that, attempts were made to create a new palace. So, in 1768, the architect Bazhenov presented his model of the building, located from the bank of the Moskva River along the entire Borovitsky Hill. In 1770, part of the Kremlin wall was broken and in 1773 a new residence was solemnly laid. But a year later it was decided that such grandiose project impractical and the construction was stopped. The destroyed Kremlin wall was restored and the building of the Moscow Senate was erected instead of the pompous palace.
But the beginning of construction in 1812 again showed the need to build a palace in honor of the renovation of Moscow.
A group of specialists was invited to work on the project - Bakarev, Gerasimov, Rikhnet, Chichagov. The project was headed by architect K.A. Ton, the author of the project of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior and the founder of the so-called Byzantine-Russian style.
As conceived by the authors, the Palace Complex, which would later become known as the Grand Kremlin Palace, was supposed to include, in addition to the most ambitious building, part of the preserved structures of the royal residence - the Golden Tsaritsyn Chamber, the Pomegranate Chamber, house churches and the Terem Palace.
The chief architect Ton did not strive to build an innovative complex of buildings; he took as a basis the layout and architectural elements of familiar historical buildings already familiar to Muscovites. But during the construction, the most advanced and modern techniques and technologies were used, for example, lightweight brick vaults, new roof structures, cement and other building materials most innovative for that time.
Only in 1851, after the construction of the Armory and the Apartments, connected by an air passage with the palace complex, did the Grand Kremlin Palace become a single architectural ensembleworthy of the imperial family and became one of the wonders of the city for Muscovites and foreigners.
The main facade of the building faces the river and from this angle it looks like three stories, although in fact it has only two floors. The first floor looks like a closed gallery, the basement is framed with natural stone, the second floor is decorated with carved window frames made of white stone. In the center of the palace there is a rostrum with a gilded balustrade, on one side of which there are still operating clocks, and on the other, clock bells. There is a lobby with marble columns near the main entrance. The total length of the Kremlin Palace is 125 meters, its area is 25,000 square meters. m., and the height is 47 m.
The palace complex includes about 700 rooms for various purposes, including 5 order halls, reception rooms of the Front half, living quarters of the Own half, service rooms on the ground floor, a lobby with a grand staircase.
You can talk endlessly about interiors and interior decoration. It is not for nothing that the palace is called the museum of the Russian ceremonial interior. The palace is rightfully called the museum of the Russian palace interior. The décor is eclectic - from Renaissance elements to Byzantine style. At the same time, any of its elements amazes with subtlety, grace and quality of work, original taste and quality of performance.
Each palace hall in its own way is a work of architecture and art, but true connoisseurs of architecture consider the Georgievsky Hall to be the most majestic. It is in it that marble plaques of memory are located with the names of the military, who were awarded the most revered Russian award - the Order of St. George the Victorious. Among the awardees were such historical figures as Mikhail Kutuzov, Alexander Suvorov and Petr Bagration. This sixty-meter white and gold hall, with huge bronze chandeliers, with powerful pylons, truly leaves unforgettable impression... In addition, it is here that there are marble statues of the sculptor Ivan Vitali and bas-reliefs depicting St. George and the serpent, the authorship of Pavel Kladsh. In Russian history, it is this hall that plays an important role - cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was welcomed here, and in 1945 the participants of the Victory Parade were received here.
The Vladimir Hall got its name in honor of the Order of St. Vladimir. The hall is made in the shape of an octahedron, faced with pink marble and, in addition to a huge bronze chandelier, has additional lighting through the dome. From this hall you can get to the Terem Palace, the Pomegranate Chamber and many other rooms of the palace.
The Meeting Room is the largest room in the palace complex. It appeared only in 1933 in connection with the unification of the Alexander and Andreyevsky halls. Windows overlooking the Moskva River, 1615 sq. m. area, capacity up to 3000 visitors - this particular hall was made in Soviet times the place of meetings of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
The Catherine Hall is a very cozy and beautiful room in the ceremonial half of the palace, named after the only female Russian order. In the past, it was the throne room of the Russian empresses. Gilded chandeliers, gray moire walls, ornaments made from pieces of malachite, thin crystal candelabra - everything here is of great historical and artistic value.
After the Catherine's Hall, you can get into the Main Living Room and the Main Bedchamber, which today are a real museum of the imperial life of the 19th century. A fireplace lined with jasper, columns of greenish marble, heavy monolithic furniture - all this emphasizes the nobility of the decoration of the premises intended for high-ranking officials.
The last room of the front half of the palace is the Walnut Dressing Room, decorated with walnut panels.
The private half of the palace with the living quarters of the emperor and his family located in it is also an example of refinement and interior masterpiece. A mixture of baroque, rococo, classicism styles make the seven rooms of the Own half a conceptually one whole. The Emperor's study, the Empress's study, the bedroom, the boudoir, the dining room, the reception room, the living room - each room has its own decoration.
The dining room is decorated with artificial stone and statues of mythological heroes. In the rest of the rooms of this half of the palace, you can see a lot of porcelain items, unique chandeliers, furniture of soft shapes, curved outlines, many huge mirrors, pompous inlay and stucco patterns, parquet and doors made of precious woods with unique patterns.
Currently, the entire ensemble of the Grand Kremlin Palace, with the exception of the Armory, which is a museum, is the President's Residence Of the Russian Federation... It is here that important state meetings at the highest level, award ceremonies, and diplomatic receptions are held.
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(Russian Grand Kremlin Palace; English Grand Kremlin Palace)
Opening hours: the palace is closed for free visits. You can visit it only as part of organized excursions, upon prior request, with the submission of passport data and the approval of the date of the visit.
The Grand Kremlin Palace is one of the palaces of the Moscow Kremlin. It stands on the high Borovitsky hill. The palace was built between 1838-1849. Previously, there was a palace on this site, built in the 18th century by the architect B.-F. Rastrelli, and before that - the Grand Ducal Palace of Ivan III. The first stone buildings of the Grand Kremlin Palace were built by the Italian architect Aleviz Fryazin in 1499-1508.
Historically, after the transfer of the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg, the Kremlin palaces lost their former significance. During the reign of Tsarina Anna Ioannovna, who spent a significant part of her time in Moscow, more attention was paid to palaces, but the large Kremlin palace of that time was becoming increasingly dilapidated. Under Anna Ioannovna, new imperial apartments "Winter Annenhof" were erected on the basements of the old palace - a wooden baroque palace (architect B.-F. Rastrelli).
Under Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, the imperial court once again resided in St. Petersburg, but in the Kremlin, it was still decided to build a new royal residence. The new building outwardly resembled the Great Peterhof Palace.
When Catherine II ascended the throne, this palace was recognized as inconsistent with the greatness of the Russian Empire, it was decided to replace it with a new building. New palace was supposed to be located throughout the entire riverine territory of the Kremlin, extending from the bank of the Moskva River to the entire Borovitsky Hill.
On June 1, 1773, the ceremonial laying of the new palace took place. However, it soon became clear that such a large-scale construction was impractical and the work was stopped in 1774. The destroyed Kremlin wall and towers were restored, and instead of the grandiose palace, only the building for the Moscow branch of the Senate was built.
Until 1812, there were no new attempts to renovate the palace, but the beginning of the construction of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior again raised the question of building a new Kremlin palace, which would symbolize the renewal of Moscow.
The new residence was built on the initiative of Nicholas I. Drafting of the palace project was entrusted to famous architect Konstantin Ton, author of the project of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior. As an example of the stylistic solution of the proposed palace, Ton was instructed to take the design solution of the Kolomna Palace (1836, architect Stackenschneider, the project was not implemented), which developed the composition of the Kremlin Terem Palace in monumental forms.
Initially, the Grand Kremlin Palace and the Armory were viewed as a single complex, which was to be built simultaneously. In 1842, construction was divided into two phases.
The palace building forms a rectangle with courtyard... Externally, the palace is decorated in the style of previous centuries: its facades are decorated with carved white-stone pediments, and the windows are decorated with carved platbands with double arches and a weight in the middle, as in the 17th century towers. From the main façade, the building appears to be three stories high, but in reality there are only two stories. With arched windows separated by thin walls, this first floor of the palace looks like a closed gallery. In the center of the palace, above the roof, there is a tribune, completed with a gilded balustrade.
The length of the Kremlin Palace is 125 meters, the height is 47 meters, and total area - 25,000 m². The palace complex, known as the Grand Kremlin Palace, in addition to the building of the palace itself, also includes some structures of the period of the 15th - 17th centuries, which in the past were part of the grand ducal, and then the royal residence (the Faceted Chamber, the Golden Tsaritsina Chamber, Terem Palace, palace churches) ...
The total number of rooms in the palace complex reaches 700. Five halls of the palace (Georgievsky, Vladimirsky, Alexandrovsky, Andreevsky and Ekaterininsky), named after the orders of the Russian Empire, are currently used for state and diplomatic receptions and official ceremonies, and the palace itself is the ceremonial residence of the President of the Russian Federation.
Erecting palace complex, Konstantin Ton, to some extent repeated the layout of the previous palace, and the architectural design echoes the legendary architectural structures antiquities. For example, the arcade of the first tier of the palace is a remake of Aleviz's basement; the terrace on top of the arcade repeats the old festivities and connects the ensemble in space; winter garden, above the new crossing, reminds hanging gardens antiquities; carved figured framing of window openings on the double-height second floor, profiled pilasters between them; the central elevated part with kokoshniks, covered with a dome, echoes the architecture of the Terem Palace. But Ton was not afraid to introduce innovations into the construction of the palace - it was the first building in Russian architecture with large-span lightweight brick vaults and metal roof truss structures.
P the entrance to the Grand Kremlin Palace is inconspicuously located in the southern facade of the building, that is, from the side of the Moskva River, from where the visitor enters the marble lobby with monolithic columns of Serdobol granite (Serdobol is a city on the Lake Ladoga). On the left side of the vestibule there is the so-called Own Half of Their Imperial Majesties, stretching in a long suite of rooms along the main facade. Four bronze floor lamps, cast and assembled in Moscow at the Krumbugel factory, have become a wonderful decoration of the main palace entrance.
A staircase, consisting of sixty-six gentle steps, leads to the second floor of the Grand Kremlin Palace, to the state halls. The main staircase is decorated with yellow Kolomna marble, with which the columns are faced along the spans and flights of the staircase. This marble colonnade has pointed arches of the main staircase. The flights of the stairs are illuminated by twelve bronze chandeliers, made in the same style as the floor lamps of the Main Lobby.
On the second floor, on both sides main staircase, ten pylons made of yellow Kolomna marble frame side platforms - galleries. On the right is a painting depicting the battle of Dmitry Donskoy with the Tatars on the Kulikovo field in 1380. It was painted in 1850 by the French artist A. Yvon, a pupil of P. Delaroche. The left landing leads to the State Rooms.
The magnificent interior decoration of the premises of the palace is made in different styles, from the Renaissance to the Byzantine-Russian style. The most beautiful hall is St. George's, named after the Order of St. George the Victorious - the highest and most revered order in the Russian army, established by Empress Catherine II in 1769 to award officers and generals. The motto of the order is "For Service and Courage." It was the most honorable award for the military, the highest order of the Russian army. The appearance of the St. George Hall in the Grand Kremlin Palace thus turned the imperial residence into a monument to the feats of arms of Russian arms. This hall does not amaze with its boundless luxury, but rather its severity and scale.
The longitudinal walls of the hall are cut with deep niches. In the niches and on the walls there are marble plaques on which the names of famous military units and the names of St. George's cavaliers are written in gold letters. Here are the names of 545 regiments, naval crews and batteries and more than 10,000 names of officers and generals awarded with this order. Among the holders of the Order of St. George are such people as Alexander Suvorov, Mikhail Kutuzov, Peter Bagration, Fyodor Ushakov, Pavel Nakhimov.
The George Hall is the largest room in the palace. Its length is 61 meters, width - 20.5 meters, height - 17.5 meters. White and gold are the main colors of the St. George Hall, white are the vaults, walls and sculptures, gold are the names of St. George knights and military units on the boards and edges of the piols. The hall is decorated with 18 powerful twisted columns, covered with ornaments and crowned with statues of victories with laurel wreaths and memorable dates. Marble statues, on pylons, allegorically symbolize the regions and kingdoms that make up the multinational state. On the south and north walls of the room, there are bas-reliefs depicting St. George and the serpent, their author is Pavel Kladsh. The insignia of the order adorn the upper part of the walls of the snow-white St. George Hall.
During ceremonial receptions, officers gathered in the hall, on whose uniforms the same signs that adorn the walls of the hall sparkled. In 1945, in the St. George Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace, a reception was held for the Victory Parade participants on Red Square. Here, the world's first cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, was greeted with honors.
To illuminate the hall, there are six openwork gilded bronze chandeliers, weighing 1,300 kilograms each, 40 wall sconces, and gilded furniture upholstered in silk, in the colors of St. George's ribbon. The ceiling is decorated with stucco in the form of floral ornaments. The original parquet floor, works of 1845, has been preserved in the Georgievsky Hall. To complete it, it took 20 rare types of wood: Indian rosewood, African paduk, beech, ash, plane tree and many others.
The Alexander Hall was built in honor of the Order of the Holy Right-Believing Prince Alexander Nevsky, established on May 25, 1725 by Empress Catherine I. The motto of the order is "For Labor and Fatherland." Six historical paintings were created and mounted in the upper niches of the end sides of the hall. On the west - the military exploits of the prince, on the east - scenes from his peaceful life, the builder of monasteries, an enlightened and just ruler.
The hall has a rectangular shape and occupies central part on the second floor, along the southern facade of the Grand Kremlin Palace. In the central part of the hall there is a large elliptical dome resting on four powerful pylons. In the golden bas-reliefs of the dome, the insignia of the order with the monogram S. A. - Sanctus Alexander - Saint Alexander stand out brightly. At the corners of the dome and above the massive gilded doors, there are two-headed eagles.
The huge two-tier windows of the Alexander Hall face south, and literally flood all the rooms with light reflected in numerous mirrors. The walls are decorated with white and pink artificial marble, red velvet, furniture is upholstered in the color of the order ribbon. The luxurious gilded decoration of the hall is in harmony with the unique parquet floor of 20 species of trees.
According to the project of academician F.G. Solntsev, in the St. Petersburg workshop of Yegor Skvortsov, enfilade swing doors were made, covered with wood carving and gilding. An important decorative element of the hall's decoration was the gilded and silver-plated copper coats of arms of the provinces and regions of the Russian Empire made by Vasily Krumbugel, painted with oil paints on gold and silver boards in the form of enamel.
Andreevsky Hall (throne room), which was the main hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace in the 19th century, has been recreated in its original splendor. Andreevsky throne room was erected in honor of the highest order of Russia - the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called, established by Peter the Great on March 10, 1698. The motto of the order is "For Faith and Loyalty". Andreevsky Hall - gilded doors with order crosses and chains of the Andreevsky Order, 10 bronze chandeliers and 35 sconces, two unique fireplaces made of gray-violet jasper, as well as three thrones under ermine and a unique parquet mosaic made of many valuable species of wood. The walls of the hall are covered with blue silk fabric, the color of the St. Andrew's ribbon.
This is one of the five ceremonial halls of the order of the Grand Kremlin Palace, located along the main front southern facade of the palace. Its huge space is strictly organized by five pairs of powerful supports. They divide its entire volume into three naves - the large, central and smaller side naves. With its gilded lancet vaults, two rows of majestic tetrahedral pylons, with the image of the All-Seeing Eye, in golden rays, above the imperial throne, the hall resembles a temple.
At its eastern wall there are three throne seats, under ermine canopies. During the coronation of Emperor Nicholas II, they were intended for the emperor, empress, and empress dowager - the mother of Nicholas II. The imperial throne is shaded with a tent, with an entrance in six steps, covered with gold brocade. The tent is adorned with a magnificent ermine mantle. The state emblem of the Russian Empire, a two-headed eagle, is placed on the canopy of the tent. The wall above the tent is also decorated with the image of the state emblem, and on the sides of the tent there are two-headed eagles with St. Andrew's cross on their chest.
St. Andrew's Hall is illuminated through eighteen windows and two balcony doors.oh walls, cut, in two tiers, strictly above each other. On the opposite side there are doors leading to the Cavalry Hall and the Avanzal. The most solemn events of national significance are held in the Andreevsky Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace.
Mirrored doors in the north wall of the St. George Hall lead to the Vladimir Hall. The Vladimir Hall conveys the history of the Order of St. Vladimir, one of the first Russian princes. It was established in honor of the Kiev prince Vladimir, under whom the baptism of Rus took place. The motto of the Order of St. Vladimir is “Benefit, Honor and Glory”. Many honored citizens were awarded orders, including one of the founders of the Kremlin Palace - the architect Konstantin Ton.
This tall, octahedral 19th century hall links together palaces from five centuries. The walls and pilasters of the Vladimir Hall are faced with pink marble. The Vladimir Hall impresses with its artistic design: pink marble walls and pilasters, stucco gilded ornaments of vaults and cornices give this hall a fabulous beauty. The vault of the Vladimir Hall resembles Russian tents, the arches of the bypass side galleries, as it were, repeat the outlines of ancient arches.
The wide arches of the first tier give way to triple, tighter arches of the second tier, in order to go into the dome vaults covered with solid gilded stucco molding. This stucco gilded ornament is made, as on the cornices, by the Dylev brothers modelers.
In this hall, during the day, light enters the glass lantern on the dome vault, and in the evening it is illuminated by a huge gilded bronze chandelier, the weight of which is about three tons. It is lowered to the height of the second-tier galleries, and, as if, hovers in the center of the space. The floor, according to the drawing of Academician FG Solntsev, is made of numerous valuable types of wood. From the hall you can get to the Faceted Chamber, the St. George Hall, the Terem Palace and other premises of the Grand Kremlin Palace.
On Front half the palace houses the Catherine Hall - in the past it was the throne room of the Russian empresses. It is located somewhat apart from the enfilade of ceremonial order halls on the second floor of the Grand Kremlin Palace. The Order of St. Catherine was established by Peter I in 1714 - this is the only women's order in Russia, its motto was "For Love and Fatherland." In the middle of the 19th century, it was here that the throne of Her Imperial Majesty was located.
The Catherine Hall is relatively small - it is 21 meters long. The splendor of this hall is successfully combined with a special sophistication of decoration, comfort and intimacy. Signs of the order with the motto "For Love and Fatherland", showered with large artificial diamonds, are located on the walls and doors of the hall. The gilded image of the Order of St. Catherine, placed on a silver field, also adorns the doors of the empress's throne room.
The hall is illuminated by gilded bronze chandeliers and six crystal candelabra, unusual in design and beauty, made at the Imperial Glass Factory in St. Petersburg. The walls are upholstered with gray moire and a scarlet band of the order ribbon. On massive pillars, there are pilasters decorated with patterns made of small pieces of malachite. The vaults and cornices of the hall are decorated with gilded stucco molding. The parquet floor of the Catherine Hall is of high artistic value.
The Green Drawing Room adjoins the Catherine Hall's throne. It is designed to receive special guests of honor.
The ceiling of the semicircular hall is painted with floral patterns, and the walls are upholstered with fabric (artist Giuseppe Colombo Artari). The arrangement of furniture here was thought out and agreed with architectural features living rooms.
The main decoration of the living room is richly inlaid furniture, bronze crystal chandeliers and floor lamps. In the grand living room there are three huge candelabra, two of which are in Chinese style and one in Japanese. The furniture was covered in gold brocade with a green pattern. The same fabric was also used for wall upholstery.
Behind the Catherine Hall, in the Front half, there are the former Tsarist Front Hall and the Front Bedchamber. The interior of the Grand Living Room (now the Red Living Room) is exceptionally decorated. It has an alcove with monolithic columns of gray-green marble, which is in perfect harmony with the bright crimson upholstery of the walls and furniture. For facing the fireplace, jasper is used in a green-blue tone with a beautiful wavy pattern, well presented by a Russian master stonecutter who managed to emphasize the merits of the Ural ornamental stone.
The red living room is decorated in the Renaissance style. It is decorated with white, pinkish gray and green marble. In the 19th century, the walls and "Hambs" furniture were covered with silver brocade with golden flowers. Pilasters, friezes and columns supporting the vaults were fully combined with them. Rosewood doors, inlaid with gilded bronze and mother-of-pearl in the boule style, lead to the adjacent Green Living Room and the Catherine Hall of the Grand Kremlin Palace.
Its own half, intended personally for the emperor and his family, is located on the first floor of the palace. The suite of living quarters The own half stretches along the main facade of the palace, and consists of seven main living rooms and four small walk-through rooms intended for duty and waiting for courtiers. The interiors of the Own half correspond to the monumental architecture of the palace, and at the same time, they are characterized by intimacy and home comfort... In the design of these premises, the decorators used the artistic methods of the Baroque, Rococo, Classicism styles.
The private half consists of seven rooms: the Dining Room, the Living Room, the Empress's Office, the Boudoir, the Bedroom, the Emperor's Office and the Reception Room. Despite the fact that each room is designed in its own style, all the rooms together form one whole. Its own half is a museum of the Russian residential palace interior, practically completely preserved without significant alterations and additions.
The artists involved in the decoration of the palace paid great attention not only to the architectural details, but also to the selection of furniture, candelabra, fireplaces, and chandeliers. The fireplaces are made of malachite and marble. The Boudoir, Living Room, Study and Bedroom are decorated with a variety of porcelain products - vases, floor lamps, a chandelier that looks like a luxurious bouquet topped with a pineapple fruit. A significant place in the former living rooms of the palace is occupied by objects made of bronze - clocks, candelabra. On the fireplaces made of malachite and marble, there are hours of French work - they were ordered specially for the Grand Kremlin Palace.
The lighting was essential. It was supposed to add even more splendor to the interiors, so each crystal chandelier in the palace is original, each has its own design and shape of pendants. Huge mirrors, as well as gilding, inlay, molding, carving, give the rooms of the palace an unusually solemn and pompous look. Interior doors made of precious wood, inlaid with mother-of-pearl, turtle shell, are made on thorns without a single nail. The patterns of the doors in the palace are never repeated. For covering the walls, as well as for curtains and other things, a fabric of a certain color was used in each room. Those that were especially dilapidated were made anew by masters from Pavlovsky Posad.
The suite of its own half opens with a huge dining room hall. Its walls are faced with white and yellow artificial marble. The vaulted ceilings, with stucco decoration, rest on a massive central pillar, which visually connects the appearance of this room with architectural solution Of the Faceted Chamber. The decorative principles of classicism are used in the decoration of the Dining Room. There is a calm combination of tones of artificial marble, white marble statues of the mythological characters Leda and Hymenaeus, vases in the Borghese style.
The Empress's boudoir is designed in soothing colors, walls and furniture are upholstered in pink silk. The furniture for the Boudoir includes 24 items - of various shapes: sofas, tables and chairs. The furniture is made of walnut.
One of the most beautiful fireplaces of the palace is also located in the boudoir, it seems to be hewn out of a solid stone - so tightly fitted and polished malachite plates. The shape, proportions, smoothly curved lines of all its designs only emphasize its beauty, and the overlaid gilded decorations add special sophistication. The mantel clock attracts attention with its intricate shape and intricate mechanism. The enamel circle is a calendar that shows months, days of the week and the phase of the moon (the bottom of the clock). Above it is a vase-shaped clock with a fixed lizard-shaped hand and two rotating dials. Arabic numerals indicated minutes and Roman numerals indicated hours. All this is in bronze, gilded decoration.
Behind the Empress Boudoir is the Bedchamber. Blue pearlescent tones, combined with white and gold, create the feeling of a clear night sky. Two colors prevail in the bedchamber - blue and gold. The Empress's bedchamber is luxurious and exquisite at the same time. An atmosphere of peace and piety reigns here.
Completely gilded furniture set created in the Renaissance style. There are 31 items in this headset. The fireplace in white Carrara marble is decorated with a clock called "Night".
The "Night" clock is a dial in the form of a dark blue sphere with applied numbers, stars and two bronze figures of cupids on the sides, standing on a gilded stand, with cast gilded female figures.
The Empress's study is emphatically decorative and decorated in the boule style. The dominant color is dark crimson, consonant with the spirit of the interior of French palaces late XVII - the beginning of the 18th century. Huge mirrors, the production of which was started in Russia at that time, and the chandelier reflected in them many times increase the feeling of pomp and fabulous luxury.
The gilded moldings of walls and arches, doors, excellently made of precious woods and inlaid with a tortoise shell, bronze, and mother-of-pearl, add elegance to the interior. Unknown craftsmen made them without nails or glue, on thorns. The furniture here is upholstered in silk and gold fabric. Exquisite gilded clocks and vases complement the decoration of the Cabinet.
The living room of the Empress is snow-white with gold, eight Gibson bas-reliefs are symbols of the arts, and four more depicting the seasons adorn it. The furniture set, in the style of Louis XV in turquoise wood, is also gilded and upholstered with patterned damask. The furniture here is of soft curving, rocael style, decorated in a multitude of whimsical curls and flowers.
The main decoration of the living room is porcelain products - vases and floor lamps. The ceiling is decorated with a large chandelier with stucco flowers, reminiscent of a lush bouquet topped with a pineapple fruit. It was made by ceramists of the St. Petersburg Imperial Porcelain Factory, in a single copy, especially for the interiors of the Grand Kremlin Palace.
Currently, the entire complex of the Grand Kremlin Palace, except for the Armory, is the main Residence of the President of the Russian Federation.
