Rechitsa population. Isachev's paintings and the chapel of Euphrosyne over the Dnieper. Five reasons to visit Rechitsa. Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Speech (Belor. Rechitsa) -, the center of the Rechitsa region. One of the oldest cities in Belarus.

Under Yagailo, the town of Rechitsa was part of the Vilna principality. Rechitsa territory belonged to the Dnieper volosts of the Vilna povet. From 1566 to 1772, Rechitsa was the center of the Rechitsa povet as part of the Minsk Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. During the first partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, part of the territory of the povet went to the Russian Empire, and the center of the povet was moved to. In 1793, after the annexation of the remaining territory to the Russian Empire during the second partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the powiat was liquidated. Rechitsa first became a state-owned Starostinsky town as part of the Chernigov governorship (1793-1796), from October 29, 1796, a district town of the same governorship, and from December 12, 1796 in the Little Russian province formed from the Chernigov governorship. On August 29, 1797, it was annexed by the county town to the Minsk province of the Russian Empire. From July 11, 1919 - became a part of the Gomel province of the RSFSR, from December 6, 1926 - first a district town, and from December 8, 1926 - a district town of the Byelorussian SSR. Since June 9, 1927 - a regional center, first in the Gomel district, and after liquidation, the district center is directly subordinate to the central authorities of the BSSR. Since January 15, 1938 - the regional center of the Gomel region.During the occupation by German troops from October 20, 1941, it was part of the Vasilevichsky gebit (German: Kreisgebiet Wassiljewitschi) general District Zhytomyr (German Generalbezirk Shitomir) Reichskommissariat Ukraine (German Reichskommissariat Ukraine). June 5, 1942 becomes the center Rechitsa gebit (German Kreisgebiet Retschiza). Since November 18, 1943, with the liberation of the city, it again becomes the regional center of the Gomel region.

Economy

The following factories are located in the city: RUE "Rechitsa Hardware Plant", a wine-making plant, OJSC "Rechitsa Textile", OJSC "Rechitsadrev", OJSC "Rechitsaagrotekhservice" and other enterprises of the woodworking, food, light industry, as well as most of the separate subdivisions of the republican unitary enterprise "Production Association Belorusneft, including the Belarusian Gas Processing Plant, the Rechitsaneft oil and gas production department, the enhanced oil recovery and well workover department, the Rechitsa technological transport department, the field geophysical department, the field seismic survey department, etc.

Demography

As of October 14, 2009: The population of the city of Rechitsa according to the census results is 64,731 people, including 29,495 men (45.6%) and 35,236 women (54.4%). of working age was 39,298 people (60.8%), over working age - 14,399 people (22.2%), under working age - 11,033 people (17.0%). The average age is 39.16 years, of which men - 36.51 years, women - 41.37 years.

In 2017, 791 people were born in Rechitsa and 868 people died. The birth rate is 12 per 1000 people (the average for the district is 11.5, for the Gomel region - 11.3, for the Republic of Belarus - 10.8), the death rate is 13.2 per 1000 people (the average for the district is 15 , 7, in the Gomel region - 13, in the Republic of Belarus - 12.6). Rechitsa is distinguished by high rates of both fertility and mortality. In terms of the birth rate in 2017, the city shared 3-4th places with Grodno among 23 cities of the country with a population of more than 50 thousand people, in terms of mortality it took 1st place, in terms of natural population growth / decline (-1.2) - 19th.

Physical and geographical characteristics

Geographical position

Rechitsa occupies an extremely favorable transport and geographical position, being at the crossroads of the most important highways - the Polesskaya railway - Brest, the highway - Brest, the highway of republican significance - Loev.

Climate

The modern climate of the city of Rechitsa is characterized as transitional from maritime to continental, that is, moderately continental. In its formation, not only plays an important role geographic location in temperate latitudes, but also atmospheric circulation (a significant influence of sea air masses moving from the Atlantic Ocean), the activity of which decreases in the summer months, and the influence of solar radiation increases.In winter, Rechitsa is most often under the influence of northwestern cyclones, which causes the outflow of warm masses of air from the Atlantic. In spring, the frequency of occurrence of southwestern and southern cyclones increases, which is associated with a powerful outflow of warm masses from the Mediterranean Sea, being the first sign of the beginning of spring. In summer, the frequency of the Black Sea stationary cycles increases, which are associated with intense and prolonged rains. In autumn, the most frequently repeated northwestern and western cyclones.

The average annual temperature is + 6.3 ° C, the average January temperature is -6.5 ° C, July + 18.5 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 604 mm. In some dry years, no more than 350 mm falls, in especially wet years, more than 725 mm of precipitation. Snow melting is observed at the end of March, the readiness of the soil for processing, depending on the terrain, occurs in the second decade of April. The last frosts in spring are observed on April 25-30, but in some years there were also at the end of May. The sum of the positive temperatures of the growing season is 2887. The first frosts in autumn are observed in early October, in some years - at the end of September. A stable snow cover forms from the end of December. The average height of the snow cover ranges from 10 to 20 cm, in some years - up to 47 cm. The period of snow melting lasts about 10-15 days.

Water system

River embankment Dnieper

The town of Rechitsa is located in the floodplain on the right bank of the Dnieper. Northwest of the city, in the area of \u200b\u200bdd. Unoritsa and Ozershchina stand out as separate fragments of the first accumulative above-floodplain terrace, which is separated from the floodplain level by a gentle ledge 5-6 meters high. The second terrace above the floodplain on the right bank is not developed at all. At the location of the city, the river makes several bends and abounds in oxbows. It is flooded in a flood of 1% of the supply up to the level of 120.34 m of the Baltic system. The river comes to Rechitsa with a formed water regime, which is determined by the catchment located upstream. The Rechitsa section of the Dnieper River is navigable.

Minerals

The largest oil field in Belarus is located near Rechitsa.

Nature and ecology

Rechitsa is located on the territory affected by the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

History of the city

The city got its name from the ancient tributary of the Dnieper - the Rechitsa River, which flowed into it in the area of \u200b\u200bthe ancient settlement.

It is assumed that Rechitsa existed already in the second half of the 11th century, and in the middle of the 12th century it was part of the Pinsk-Turov principality.

For the first time Rechitsa was mentioned in the Gustynskaya Chronicle of 1213. The mention of Rechitsa in the Novgorod Chronicle dates back to 1214, when the city of Rechitsa, which was quite fortified at that time, was captured by Mstislav Mstislavovich Udal during his campaign against Kiev against Vsevolod Svyatoslavich Chermny.

During the XI-XIII centuries, it belonged mainly to the Kiev and Chernigov princes.

Period of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania

At the time of Gediminas, Rechitsa was included in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

In 1387, when King Vladislav Jagailo temporarily entrusted the supreme power in Lithuania and Lithuanian Rus to his brother, Skirgaila, in a document issued to him on "lowach skojterskich" between different cities, "Rzeczyca cala z dochodem" (Rechitsa all with income) was also mentioned ...

At the end of the 14th century, the city was owned by the Lithuanian prince Vitovt (1392-1430), who built a fortified castle "from a pine tree" here.

Reconstruction of the Banner of Rechitsa Povet

Among the first Belarusian cities, Rechitsa received on October 11, 1511 from King Sigismund I the Magdeburg Law and other privileges, which were confirmed on August 26, 1561 by Sigmund August and in 1596 by Sigmund III.

According to the lists of podskarbia from 1569, Rechitsa was the owner of the royal table, then from 1589 it became a starostin town (half . starostwo grodowe) managing Volovichs, princes Zhizhemsky, Slushki, Klokotsky, Pakozov (floor Pakoszow), Khaletskys, and finally, by virtue of the privilege of King August III from July 15, 1734 in connection with the death of Kazimir Khaletsky, Prince Radziwil, the governor of Novogrudok, was held. It included a city with a castle and rent: Stolpni, Uglov, Lipnyakov and Danilovich.

The modern coat of arms of Rechitsa has been known since the 16th century - a scarlet banner with a chase in a silver field.

In 1595, Nalyvayko sent a letter from Rechitsa to King Sigismund III with a request to give the Cossacks free land between the Bug and Dniester rivers below Bratslav, for which the Cossacks will pledge to help the Commonwealth in wars with neighboring countries.

In 1634, the governor of Minsk Alexander Slushko founded a Dominican monastery in the city. Vladislav Lyubensky in his book "Swiat" mentions that Rechitsa "is protected by a castle, in which the decoration is the Dominican monastery." Cossack detachments of Krichevsky and Dobailo. In 1650, the city occupied Nebaba, but soon retreated and died in battle. After that, the city was heavily fortified and troops were stationed in it. In 1653 in Rechitsa, the Lithuanian army had a main apartment, and the next year it moved to Orsha, where it was defeated by the troops of Tsar Alexander Mikhailovich; the city was left defenseless and was occupied by Russian troops. During this period, the castle was destroyed, and the remains of the walls were dismantled by the inhabitants for the construction of houses and buildings.

Rečyca. Rechytsa (1663)

Rechitsa. Engraving by Van Abraham Westerveld. Mid-17th century

Under the terms of the Andrusov armistice, the city remained in the Commonwealth.

In 1772, during the first partition of the Rzecz Pospolita, part of the territory of the Rechitsa Povet was annexed to the Russian Empire. The center of the povet was transferred to Bobruisk, and Rechitsa became a state town (the name of the povet did not change).

Period of the Russian Empire

As a result of the second partition of the Rzecz Pospolita in 1793, Rechitsa became part of the Russian Empire, where it became the district center, first of the Chernigov and then of the Minsk province.

The first regular plan of Rechitsa was approved in 1800. According to the salary books of 1800, 34 Christian merchants, 14 Jewish merchants lived in Rechitsa; Christian bourgeois 573, Jewish bourgeois 1254.

Rechitsa plan as of 1867

During the Patriotic War of 1812, the city was the temporary residence of the Minsk governor.

By the early 19th century, Jews constituted the majority of the city's population. There was a synagogue and Jewish prayer houses, and later a Jewish primary school was opened. According to the revision of 1847, there was a "Jewish community" in the city of 2080 souls. According to the census of January 28, 1897, the population of Rechitsa was 9,332 souls, of which 5,334 were Jews. Young people studied at the Chabad yeshiva, and Rechitsa became one of the centers of Hasidism in Belarus. Among the Hasidic leaders, Rabbi Menachem Tobia is known from among the disciples of Rabbi Menachem Mendel of Lubavitch, a former rabbi in Rechitsa.

At the end of the 19th century, there was a 15-bed hospital in the city, a city simplified public administration, a city postal expedition from which mail correspondence was sent to Loev, Bobruisk, Slutsk, Minsk, Rogachev and Kiev. 1896, the city's expenses were 20610 rubles, including including city administration 2790 rubles, educational institutions 1325 rubles, charity and medicine 100 rubles. Income received 21538 rubles. 2 sawmills, with production for 90 thousand rubles, and 1 flour mill, for 25 thousand rubles. Twice a year (from May 9-23 and December 6-20) the Nikolaev fair was held in the city.

In 1829, V.D. Spasovich, a well-known lawyer, critic, and publicist, was born in Rechitsa. In 1867, the historian, ethnographer, folklorist, economist, founder of the Belarusian national historiography Mitrofan Viktorovich Dovnar-Zapolsky was born in Rechitsa.

At the beginning of the 20th century, there were 7 synagogues and 2 Orthodox churches in the city. Synagogues were located: at the corner of st. Aleksandrovskaya (st.Kalinin) and st. Sapozhnitskaya (Proletarskaya St.); on the street Preobrazhenskaya (Lenin street, central square) together with the yeshiva (belonged to the Hasidim Shalom Dov-Ber Shneerson); at the crossroads of Uspenskaya (Sovetskaya) and Sapozhnitskaya streets; between Uspenskaya and modern streets Embankment ("High" synagogue); at the crossroads of Andreevskaya (Lunacharskogo) and Preobrazhenskaya ("Horn" synagogue) streets; just behind the "Horn" on Andreevskaya Street; at the corner of st. Vladimirskaya (street Uritskogo) and st. Preobrazhenskaya ("Merchant" synagogue, beautiful, two floors).

In Rechitsa there was a pier and a distance of navigation along the Dnieper River, which stretches 135 versts from Rogachev to the Polessky Bridge railways... It was run by the district office in Kiev.

Since 1890, the printing houses of Aizik Girshev Shimanovich and Hertz Meerov Bril, the bookstore of Joseph Yevseyev Felsin, and since 1894 a photograph of Grisha Aronov Blumin began to work in the city.

There were hospitals in the city - a public charity order for 15 beds and a prison for 4 beds, a pharmacy.

In 1910, Rechitsa became one of the stopping places of the squadron, transporting the relics of Euphrosyne of Polotsk from Kiev to Polotsk.

In 1914, the Talmud-Torah, heders, a two-year Jewish people's school and private Jewish schools were operating. Jews made up almost 60% of the city's population.

USSR period

At the end of March 1919, Rechitsa became the only city that voluntarily supported the anti-communist rebellion of V.V. Strekopytov.

On May 6-9, 1920, the city was recaptured from the hands of the Bolsheviks by the Polish army - the Polesskaya Group under the leadership of general. Vladislav Sikorsky, but in June 1920 the city was again occupied by the Bolsheviks.

The population of the pre-war Rechitsa was about 30 thousand people, the district - almost 57 thousand.

On August 23, 1941, Rechitsa and the region were occupied by the German fascist invaders. During the occupation, they killed over 5 thousand people. They were resisted in the city by 5 patriotic underground groups, in the area there were two partisan brigades: them. Voroshilov and "The Avenger", the regional underground. The Jews of the city were driven into a ghetto and almost all were killed. On November 18, 1943, Rechitsa was liberated by the troops of the Belorussian Front.

The post-war years became the second birth for Rechitsa. Old enterprises were restored, new ones were built. A nail plant, a plant for tanning extracts were put into operation again, and a house-building plant was put into operation. The shipbuilding and shiprepairing plant, the bakery plant, the bakery, the ceramics and pipe plant, the Thermoplast plant have been restored and rebuilt.

In 1959, the Rechitsa region was consolidated. It also included several new village councils - Vasilevichsky, Babichsky, Dubrovsky, Korovatichsky and Liskovsky.

The discovery of the Rechitsa oil field in August 1964 was a real great event for Rechitsa and the region. On April 29, 1965, its first tons flowed into the Druzhba oil trunk pipeline.

For almost 40 years that have passed since that time, a unique industry for Belarus has been created, which largely affects the economic well-being of the Republic. To date, the Belorusneft association alone includes 25 structural subdivisions with a wide range of activities. 61 oil fields have been discovered in the Polesye Depression, nearly 20 million meters of rocks have been drilled, the construction of about 1400 wells has been completed, more than 100 million tons of oil have been produced (data for 1998).

Agriculture also had some success in the 70s. 15 centners of grain were grown from each hectare. On the Vedrich state farm, a hectare gave 31.2 centners each. The potato crop was 266 centners per hectare. One hundred hectares of farmland received 180 centners of milk. The farm was marked with the Commemorative Banner of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, the Council of Ministers of the BSSR and Belsovprof.

On April 26, 1986, the Rechitsa region was exposed to radioactive contamination as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl power plant.

Period of the Republic of Belarus

The 90s became a big test for industry and agriculture. But by the end of them, after the decline in production, its steady growth began. And now, from year to year, industry and agriculture are gaining momentum. This is especially evidenced by the achievements of the leaders of agriculture in the Rechitsa region, repeated winners of regional and republican competitions in harvesting grain and the output of the products of Rechitsa industrial enterprises to the world market.

Now the city of Belarusian oil workers Rechitsa is an industrial and cultural center.

Education

Women's gymnasium. Rechitsa, Praboynaya-School (1901-17)

In 1800, a public school was opened by the city magistrate. The school taught to read and write in Russian, grammar, taught an abbreviated and lengthy catechism, sacred history, arithmetic, drawing and a book about the positions of a person and a citizen. The teacher was Zakhar Karneev, a pupil of the Kiev National School, who received a salary of 200 rubles from the magistrate. in year.

In 1865, a district two-class male school was opened in the city. The staff of the school provided for a caretaker (he is also a teacher of the Russian language and history with the provision of a state apartment), teachers of the law of the Orthodox and Roman Catholic faiths, a teacher of mathematics and geography, a teacher of calligraphy, drawing and drawing. At the same time, funds for teaching aids, maintenance of the house, ministers, office and household expenses were not allocated from the treasury and were made at the expense of donations. The school worked until 1878 and was closed.

In 1872 there was a Jewish school of Russian literacy, a two-class parish people's school for men (opened in 1820)

On September 17, 1900, a two-year city school was opened, which on January 1, 1913 was transformed into the Pushkin Higher Primary School. It was housed in a rented house (Naberezhnaya st., Margolin's house) with a fee of 1100 ores per year from the city. The tuition fee per student was 10 rubles. in year.

On February 23, 1907, a lower trade school was opened with two departments: locksmith and carpentry. The school was located in its own house on Aleksandrovskaya Street. The tuition fee per student was 6 rubles. in year.

There was also a private Jewish male school (in 1873-1880 it was supported by Rubin L. I.), a private Jewish one-class female school (in 1883-1914 it was contained by P. Ya. Karasik) and a Talmud-Torah.

A one-day census of primary educational institutions conducted on January 11, 1911 showed that the following worked in the city:

• two male two-year parochial schools with a 4-year term of study in which 240 students studied
• two one-class parochial schools with a 4-year term of study in which 100 boys and 82 girls studied
• jewish folk two-year school with a 4-year term of study, which trained 68 boys and 104 girls
• jewish men's private school with a 2-year term of study in which 20 students studied
• parish women's two-grade school with a 5-year period of study in which 144 female students studied

On September 1, 1906, a private four-year women's school of Elizaveta Vladimirovna Gavrilova (wife of the Rechitsa district judge Nikolai Konstantinovich Gavrilov) was opened, which on May 19, 1911 was transformed into a private seven-year women's gymnasium according to the regulation on May 24, 1870. In 1912, the eighth pedagogical class was opened. It was housed in 2 rented houses (corner of Uspenskaya street and Shkolny lane, Sachenko-Sakun house) with a maintenance fee of 1800 rubles. in year. The tuition fee per student was: 1-3 grade 70 rubles; 4-8 class 100 rubles. in year.

Currently, the city has 9 secondary educational schools, one lyceum and one gymnasium, state agricultural and pedagogical colleges.

Authorities

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

Since 1511, the magistrate has acted as a body of city estate self-government in the city according to a single Magdeburg Law for Western Europe. The magistrate handled financial, judicial and police affairs in the city.

the Russian Empire

When it became part of the Russian Empire, the magistrate was turned into an estate court for the townspeople and merchants of the city. The magistrate consisted of a presence and an office. The presence was divided into two departments: civil and criminal, with one burgomaster and two ratmans in each. All of them were elected by the bourgeoisie and merchants for three years. The magistrate was in charge of civil and criminal affairs of the bourgeois and merchants, witnessed all acts and deeds of sale for houses, buildings and land in the city, was in charge of the transfer of burghers and merchants from one city society to another, the election of persons to the positions of shop management and the approval of those elected to these positions, levying real estate tax, recruiting, etc. Legal proceedings were conducted in Polish and Russian. Russian legislation and the statute of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of 1588 were applied.

The magistrate was abolished by decree of the Minsk provincial government on May 23, 1866, in accordance with the Rules for the abolition of magistrates and judicial town halls in the European part of the Russian Empire of April 13, 1866. Court cases from the magistrate were transferred to the county court, public administration cases - to the city administration.

By the decree of Alexander I of March 17, 1801, the validity of the Charter of Charity of 1785 was restored to the cities of Minsk province. A six-headed duma was introduced in the city, which was an administrative body and was in charge of city property, was engaged in the improvement of the city, in charge of school, medical, charitable affairs. The Duma consisted of the mayor and "vowels", representatives from six city categories, was elected for a term of 3 years.

On June 16, 1870, the government approved a new city regulation, which was extended to the Minsk province from April 29, 1875. As a result, the Rechitsa Duma established by the Charter of Charter of 1785 was abolished. Instead, a new city duma was established as an administrative body and city government. The city government was elected at the meetings of the city council as part of the city mayor, several members and a secretary. The development of trade, education, health care depended on the city government; provision of food for the urban population, charity of the poor; improvement of the city, submission to the Duma of reports and reports on their activities and the state of the municipal services subordinate to the council; collection of taxes and city dues from the population; allotment and leasing of plots of urban land and fringe articles, allocation of places for the arrangement of trading and drinking establishments, shops; approval of facades and plans of city buildings; filing complaints and claims to the Duma, bringing persons to justice for unauthorized buildings and non-observance of the improvement rules.

On the basis of the "City Regulation" of June 11, 1892, due to a lack of financial resources, poor development of the city economy, industry and trades, the city council and government were abolished and a simplified city public administration was introduced instead. According to this provision, the gathering of households elected a meeting of representatives of 12-16 people, and the latter - the city headman and two assistants. The mayor was in charge of city property, city improvement and collection of taxes. The activities of the headman were controlled by the governor. Only noblemen and philistines could be elected to the post of headman.

City simplified management was abolished after the October Revolution of 1917.

At the head of the city police was the mayor. On June 3, 1837, the "Regulations on the Zemstvo Police" was published, which explained in detail the range of duties of the police.

With the introduction of the imperially approved "Provisional rules on the organization of the police in cities and counties of provinces, governed by the general institution" of December 25, 1862, on the basis of zemstvo courts and city council boards, county police departments were created (see Rechitsa uyezd).

the USSR

Republic of Belarus

Representative authority is an Rechitsa District Council of Deputies... It consists of 40 members and is elected by residents in single-member constituencies. The term of office is 4 years. The 28th Council of Deputies was elected on February 18, 2018. The chairman of the council is Yakushev Grigory Grigorievich. Executive and administrative authority is an Rechitsa District Executive Committee... On November 16, 2012, the President of the Republic of Belarus agreed to the appointment of Vitaly Semyonovich Panchenko as chairman of the Rechitsa regional executive committee.

sights

Settlement

It is located in the Children's Park, on the right bank of the Dnieper, and is marked with a memorial sign with a memorial plate on which it says: “Monument of archeology. Settlement ".

This is a rectangular platform measuring 75 × 45 m, reinforced with two-meter high ramparts on the western, eastern and southern sides. From the north, the settlement is washed by a river. From its western and east sides - deep ditches, in ancient times filled with water.

At the site of archaeologists E. Symonovich and G. Shtykhov, a cultural layer 1.6 meters thick was discovered, ceramics of the 13th-14th centuries, pieces of molded dishes were found.

The settlement belongs to the early Iron Age and the era of Kievan Rus. In the 13th century, there was a town's detinets, where a century later the Grand Duke Vitovt erected a wooden castle that stood for more than two hundred years.

Holy Trinity Church

Holy Trinity Church

This temple, erected at the beginning of the 20th century, is one of the most plastically expressive monuments of the neo-Gothic architecture of Belarus. Its side facades are rhythmically divided by buttresses and lancet window openings. On the main facade there is a stepped portal. The motif of decoration with teeth is widely used. The main accent of the building is the church's belfry, which rises above the rest of the building, and its multifaceted spire, crowned with a cross, seems to cut into the sky. Pointed arches and ribbed vaults inside the building allowed the interior to be high, light and airy.

The building was designed by architect Joseph Dzekonsky.

During the years of Soviet power, the building of the church housed a warehouse, a power station, a beer hall, and then a vitamin bar.

In 1998, the Church was recognized as an architectural monument of the 20th century, included in the State List of Historical and Cultural Values \u200b\u200bof the Republic of Belarus. In 1999, by the decision of the city executive committee, the temple was handed over to believers, and the reconstruction of the building began. In June 2003, the Rechitsa Holy Trinity Church celebrated its 100th anniversary.

In September 2007, the temple was completely restored.

The first famous Roman Catholic church in the city was built back in 1634 by the elder of Rechitsa Alexander Sluzhkoy and existed until 1756, when a new Holy Trinity Church was erected from pine wood.

Until 1835, there was a Domincan monastery at the church, in which there were twenty monks. Due to the uprising of 1830, the monastery was closed.

In 1842, the Rechitsa nobility asked to allow them to build a stone church on the site of the old wooden one.

In 1862, the church burned down, and services began to be held in a private house, until the construction of a new church.

In 1861, the architect Meshor drew up a project for the construction of a new church, but the work was suspended due to a lack of money and the fear of parishioners that the church, the field of construction will be taken under the Orthodox Church in line with the persecution catholic church after the uprising of 1863-1864. And only 30 years later, in 1896, permission was obtained to resume the construction of the church.

The project of the new building was provided by the artist of the Imperial St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, architect Joseph Dzekonsky. This project was approved and approved on June 8, 1899.

Construction work lasted from 1901 to 1903.

In 1998, the Church was recognized as an architectural monument of the 20th century, included in the State List of Historical and Cultural Values \u200b\u200bof the Republic of Belarus. In 1999, by the decision of the city executive committee, the temple was transferred to believers. In September 2007, he appeared before the parishioners in an updated form.

Holy Assumption Cathedral

Holy Assumption Cathedral

The shrine has a long and complicated history. This temple was preceded by a wooden Resurrection church built in 1079 year(?), which was considered cathedral from 1794 to 1872, and in 1876 it was dismantled and moved to the cemetery. In 1872, a stone Church of the Assumption was built with funds allocated by the Government in the amount of 21,323 rubles. which was consecrated in the name of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos. The iconostasis of the church consisted of columns, painted in light blue, with gilded frames, cornices and carvings, consisting of 18 icons arranged in three tiers. Of the valuable silver utensils in the church there were three chalices, a discos with a liar and a star, a 1 pound cross, a tabernacle weighing 2 pounds 24 spools donated by Alexander Alexandrovich and a tabernacle weighing 2 pounds 46 spools. The church archives have kept registers of births since 1786, and parish registers since 1805. The belfry had 4 bells weighing 19, 15, 8 and 0.5 pounds. In the parish of the church there were three cemeteries, one of which was relocated to the Resurrection Church. The parish of the church included not only the residents of Rechitsa, but also the nearby villages of Bronnoye and Ozershchina. The church clerk consisted of an archpriest, a priest, a deacon and two psalmists. There was a parish school at the church.

In the 1930s, the temple was closed and rebuilt into the House of Socialist Culture. He survived the era of desolation. For a long time, the local history museum was located in the annex to it. The reconstruction of the cathedral began in 1999.

Initially, it was a cross-domed building, crowned with a powerful drum with an onion dome and a gilded cross. The tower-like belfry ended with a metal tent. The facades of the building were decorated with decorative plaster. In 2003, the restored church was re-consecrated by Metropolitan Filaret, Patriarch Exarch of All Belarus.

Chapel of St. Euphrosyne of Polotsk

The chapel was erected on the high bank of the Dnieper in a historical place - where in 1910 the procession stopped, which followed with the relics of St. Euphrosyne from v. 85 years later, the chapel was consecrated here with the Holy Fire from the Holy Sepulcher, delivered to Rechitsa by the scientific and creative expedition "The Road to Shrines", which took place by returning from the Holy Land to the homeland of the holy relics of the heavenly patroness of White Russia.

An openwork, dynamically asymmetric structure 24 meters high was made of stainless steel and brass according to the project of the Laureate of the State Prize of the Republic of Belarus, a native of Rechitsa Eduard Agunovich. Its symbolism is multifaceted: four stepped supports figuratively represent the development of life and thought in a spiral. The faces of 12 Belarusian saints and enlighteners are inscribed in them from bottom to top, in an ascending line. The motives of arches, zakomar associatively return the viewer to the traditions of ancient Russian church architecture. The composition is crowned with the halo of the soul of St. Euphrosyne holding a cross in her hands.

Today it is the most recognizable architectural landmark of Rechitsa.

Monument to M.V.Dovnar-Zapolsky

In 2003, thanks to the help of the Rechitsa City Executive Committee, the publishing house “Belarus” in Minsk published the major work of Mitrofan Viktorovich Dovnar-Zapolsky “History of Belarus” with commentaries by modern specialists. And even earlier, on July 2, 1997, on the occasion of the 130th anniversary of the birth of their famous compatriot, residents of the city erected a monument to him (sculptor V. Yanushkevich, author of the project E. Agunovich).

Monument "Rachytsy to the sons, zagіnushim far hell Radzіma"

The monument was erected in 2003 in honor of seven fellow countrymen who died in military conflicts outside their homeland. The basis of the composition of the monument (sculptor V. Slobodchikov, author of the project E. Agunovich) is seven storks falling down. Stretching out their necks and folding their wings, they one after another fly doomily into the crevice between the granite boulders symbolizing Islamic fundamentalism ...

Former postal and telegraph office

Rechitsa. Post and Telegraph Office (1914)

A two-storey, L-shaped building with plastically shaped facades was built in the late 19th - early 20th centuries as a private house, which the city government rented from the owner August Kroger under post and telegraph office... At the beginning of 1912, the first electrotheatre "Modern" in Rechitsa was opened in the annex to the house. In 1919, the Rechitsa Revolutionary Committee headed by E.P. Mitskevich was located here. Later there was a children's music school here.

Today this building houses the regional department of culture and the ecological and cultural center.

Museums

• Rechitsa Museum of Local Lore - located in scenic location in the city center, not far from the historical settlement and architectural monuments of the late 19th - early 20th centuries.

Rechitsky's history local history museum is more than half a century old. All these years he has been conducting research work and is actively involved in city-wide cultural and educational events. Its funds contain about 40 thousand exhibits-monuments of history and culture.

On September 1, 2006, the Ethnography departments were opened for visitors, consisting of three halls: Folk crafts and handicrafts, The Hut of the Belarusian Peasant, Weaving, and the Rechitsa at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries department, World War II.

• Art Gallery

Palaces of culture

• Palace of Culture - RUE "Belorusneft"

Cinemas

In the center of the city there is a cinema "Belarus", founded on January 1, 1961. The auditorium is designed for 227 seats.

Parks and rest houses

• Park of culture and rest "Victory"
• "Children's Park" is located on the site of an ancient settlement.
• Fountain-castle
• Light-musical fountain

Honorary Citizens

Below is a list of holders of the title "Honorary Citizen of the city of Rechitsa":

• Batov, Pavel Ivanovich (1897-1985) - Soviet military leader, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
• Bezmen, Pyotr Efimovich (1920-1986) - a participant in the Great Patriotic War.
• Kaganovich, Mikhail Iosifovich (1909-2003) - participant of the Great Patriotic War.
• Kalinin, Georgy Sergeevich (1917-2003) - participant of the Great Patriotic War.
• Kirienko, Vasily Vasilievich (born 1981) - 2015 world champion in cycling in a race with a time trial.
• Kostenko, Alexander Stepanovich (1893-1989) - statesman, participant of the Great Patriotic War.
• Rodzanov, Nikolai Petrovich (1922-2003) - participant of the Great Patriotic War.
• Savkova, Anna Alekseevna (born 1917) - participant of the Great Patriotic War.
• Khluss, Porfiry Matveevich (1900-1983) - Honored Doctor of the BSSR.
• Chechelenko, Grigory Tikhonovich (born 1921) - participant of the Great Patriotic War.

Sister cities

Rechitsa has several sister cities in several countries.

Gallery

Rechitsa. Engraving after a drawing by K. Eigerd (1648).



Rechitsa. Women's gymnasium (1914).



Rechitsa. Train Station.

Rechitsa. Panorama of the Embankment.









Rechitsa, Breakdown street



Rechitsa. View of the Dnieper



Rechitsa. Real school (Andreevskaya st.)



Rechitsa. Dnieper embankment



Rechitsa. Breakout street



Rechitsa. City school

see also

• Rechitsa ghetto

Notes

1. The structure of the regional executive committee "Rechitsa.BY - Official site
2. Population as of January 1, 2018 and the average annual population for 2017 in the Republic of Belarus in the context of regions, districts, cities and urban-type settlements. // National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. - Mn., 2018.
3. GeoNames - 2005.
4. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Byelorussian SSR dated September 27, 1938 "On the classification of settlements of the Byelorussian SSR"
5. Lyubavsky Matvey Kuzmich. Regional division and local government of the Lithuanian-Russian state at the time of the publication of the first Lithuanian statute .. - Moscow: University Printing House, 1892. - 884 p.
6. Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Meeting First. 1789 - November 6, 1796 - St. Petersburg: Type. II Branch of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery, 1830. - T. XXIII. - S. 966 .-- 974 p.
7. Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Meeting First. November 6, 1796 - 1798 - St. Petersburg. : A type. II Branch of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery, 1830. - T. XXIV. - S. 229 .-- 872 p.
8. Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Meeting First. November 6, 1796 - 1798 - St. Petersburg: Type. II Branch of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery, 1830. - T. XXIV. - S. 706 .-- 872 p.
9. order of the NKVD of Soviet Russia "On the formation of the Gomel and liquidation of the Mogilev province"
10. Resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of December 6, 1926
11. Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the BSSR dated December 8, 1926 on the annexation of the Gomel region to the BSSR
12. Resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the BSSR dated June 9, 1927 "On the distribution of the territories of Borisov, Slutsk, Kalininsky and Rechitsa districts between other districts of the BSSR"
13. Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR "On the liquidation of districts"
14. Decision of the 1st session of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of January 15, 1938
15. Statistical image of cities and towns of the Russian Empire up to 1825. - St. Petersburg: type. Ivan Glazunov, 1829 .-- P. 64 .-- 95 p.
16. Urban settlements in the Russian Empire. - St. Petersburg: in the printing house of V. Wolf, 1863 .-- T. 3. - P. 108.
17. Address-Calendar of officials in the province for all departments // Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1873. - Published by the Statistical Committee. - Minsk: Provincial printing house, 1873. - T. 1. - P. 212.
18. // Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1874. - Minsk: Minsk Provincial Printing House, 1873 .-- P. 4.
19. Statistical information on the province // Commemorative book of the Minsk province. - Minsk: Minsk Provincial Printing House, 1875. - P. 2.
20. part 2 // Commemorative book of the Minsk province. - Minsk, 1878 .-- S. 80.
21. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1889. - Minsk, 1889.
22. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1890. - Minsk, 1890.
23. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1891. - Minsk, 1891.
24. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1892. - Minsk, 1892.
25. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1894. - Minsk, 1894.
26. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1895. - Minsk, 1895.
27. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1896. - Minsk, 1896.
28. Minsk province // The First General Census of the Population of the Russian Empire in 1897 / ed. [and with a foreword] N.А. Troinitsky. - publication of the Central Statistical Committee of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. - St. Petersburg, 1899-1905. - T. 22 .-- 243 p.
29. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1906. - Minsk, 1905.
30. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1900. - Minsk, 1900.
31. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1901. - Minsk, 1901.
32. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1902. - Minsk, 1902.
33. Commemorative Book of Minsk Province for 1905. - Minsk, 1905.
34. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1907. - Minsk, 1906.
35. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1908. - Minsk, 1907.
36. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1909. - Minsk, 1908.
37. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1910. - Minsk, 1909.
38. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1911. - Minsk, 1910.
39. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 2012. - Minsk, 1911.
40. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1913. - Minsk, 1912.
41. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1914. - Minsk, 1913.
42. Commemorative book of the Minsk province for 1915. - Minsk, 1914.
43. Administrative divisions USSR as of May 15, 1923. - Edition of the NKVD. - Moscow: Printing house at the Moscow Provincial Taganskaya prison, 1923. - p. 52. - 60 p.
44. I // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Garnet. - 8th ed .. - Moscow, 1932. - T. 36. - S. stlb. 621-622.
45. Administrative-territorial division of the USSR (Districts and cities of the USSR). - Moscow: "Power of the Soviets" at the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, 1931. - P. 221. - 8000 copies.
46. Administrative-territorial division of the USSR. On July 15, 1934. - Moscow: Power of the Soviets, 1934 .-- S. 230-231.
47. The population of the USSR as of January 17, 1939: by districts, regional centers, cities, workers' settlements and large rural settlements. - Gosplanizdat. - Moscow, 1941 .-- S. 206 .-- 266 p.
48. All-Union Population Census of 1959 The size of the actual population of cities and other settlements, districts, regional centers and large rural settlements as of January 15, 1959 by regions of the Union republics (except for the RSFSR) (unspecified) . Demoscope.
49. The actual population of cities, urban-type settlements, districts and regional centers of the USSR according to the census on January 15, 1970 by republics, territories and regions (except for the RSFSR) (unspecified) . Demoscope.
50. 1979 All-Union Population Census The size of the actual population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous regions and districts, territories, regions, districts, urban settlements, village-district centers and rural settlements with a population of more than 5000 people (except for the RSFSR) (unspecified) . Demoscope.
51. All-Union Population Census 1989 Population of the Union Republics of the USSR and their territorial units by sex (unspecified) . Demoscope.
52. ... - NATIONAL STATISTICAL COMMITTEE OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS. - Minsk, 2012 .-- S. 10. - 17 p.
53. Population as of January 1, 2013 and the average annual population for 2012 in the Republic of Belarus in the context of regions, districts, cities, urban-type settlements / National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. - Minsk, 2013 .-- S. 10. - 17 p.
54. Population as of January 1, 2014 and the average annual population for 2013 in the Republic of Belarus in the context of regions, districts, cities, urban-type settlements / National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. - Minsk, 2014 .-- S. 10. - 17 p.
55. Population as of January 1, 2015 Archived December 14, 2015.
56. Population as of January 1, 2016 and the average annual population for 2015 in the Republic of Belarus in the context of regions, districts, cities and urban-type settlements. - National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. - Minsk, 2016 .-- S. 10. - 17 p.
57. Population as of January 1, 2017 and the average annual population for 2016 in the Republic of Belarus in the context of regions, districts, cities and urban-type settlements. - National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus. - Minsk, 2017 .-- S. 10 .-- 17 p.
58. Population as of January 1, 2019 and the average annual population for 2018 in the Republic of Belarus in the context of regions, districts, cities and urban-type settlements. - National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus (Belstat). - Minsk. - S. 10. - 17 p.
59. Demographic Yearbook of the Republic of Belarus. - Mn. : National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 2018. - P. 164–166.
60. Demographic Yearbook of the Republic of Belarus. - Mn. : National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, 2018. - P. 157–174.
61. M. Yu. Kalinin. Natural resources of the Rechitsa region: current state. Minsk, 2007. p. 30. ISBN 978-985-6474-69-2
62. M. Yu. Kalinin. Natural resources of the Rechitsa region: current state. Minsk, 2007. p. 57. ISBN 978-985-6474-69-2
63. M. Yu. Kalinin. Natural resources of the Rechitsa region: current state. Minsk, 2007. p. 87. ISBN 978-985-6474-69-2
64. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron. - 1897 .-- T. XXa. - S. 496.
65. I. Rollet. Essays on the history of right-bank Ukraine // Kievskaya Starina. - Kiev, 1894 .-- T. XLVI. - S. 299-300.
66. Swiat we wszystkich swoich częsciach większych y mnieyszych. - 1740 .-- S. 444.
67. Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron. - 1912 .-- T. 13.
68. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron.
69. Jewish Statistical Society. The Jewish population of Russia according to the census of 1897 and according to the latest sources .. - Petrograd: Aktsion Printing House, 1917. - P. 48.
70. Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron. - T. 12. - stlb. 543 s.
71. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron. - 1899 .-- T. XXVIIa. - S. 488-489.
72. Orlov Pavel Petrovich. Mail Dictionary of the Russian State, describing all the postal routes and major roadways connecting all the cities of the Empire and the regions annexed to it: Bialystok, Georgia, Bessarabia, New Finland, and the Kingdom of Poland, compiled in alphabetical order by the collegiate adviser Pavel Orlov. - St. Petersburg: In a medical printing house, 1820. - S. 559. - 758 p.
73. - article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia
74. Lech Wyszczelski: Operacja na Mozyrz i Kalenkowicze. W: Lech Wyszczelski: Wojna polsko-rosyjska 1919-1920. Wyd. 1. Warszawa: Bellona, \u200b\u200b2010, s. 313. ISBN 978-83-11-11934-5
75. Educational institutions in the western provinces before the establishment of the Vilensk educational district, 1783-1803 // Collection of materials for the history of education in Russia, extracted from the Archives of the Ministry of Public Education. - St. Petersburg: M-va nar. education, 1893. - T. 1. - S. 669.
76. June 15th. On the management of some and on the transformation of other educational institutions of the Vilnius educational district // Journal of the Ministry of People's Education. - SPb: Type. F.S. Sushchinsky, 1865 .-- S. 51-57. - 918 p.
77. About the transformation of educational institutions of the Vilnius educational district and the abolition of some of them. // Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. 1865. - Department 1. - St. Petersburg, 1867. - T. 40. - S. 649.
78. Journal of the Ministry of National Education. - SPb. : A type. V.S. Balasheva, 1900 .-- T. CCCXXXII. - S. 91 .-- 936 p.
79. One-day census of primary schools on January 18, 1911 (issue 8, Vilensky district) / edited by V.I. Pokrovsky. - Issue VIII. - St. Petersburg: Ekatirengof printing business, 1914.
80. BY NIAB f. 1338. Rechitsa private female gymnasium E.V. Gavrilova, the city of Rechitsa, Rechitsa district, Minsk province. - 1911-1916.
81. The list of educational institutions that implement educational programs of secondary specialized education
82. Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire. Collection Second .. - St. Petersburg. : A type. II Branch of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery, 1877. - T. L. - P. 462.
83. A.G. Varavva (text). Tourist guide: Rechitsa and surroundings. Minsk, 2005.
84. Rechitsa district // Description of churches and parishes of the Minsk diocese, compiled according to the information officially requested from the clergy. - Minsk: B.I.Solomonov's Tipo-lithography, 1879. - T. VIII. - S. 5. - 161 p.
85. Honorary Citizens of Rechitsa and Rechitsa District
86. Sister cities of Rechitsa

Literature

• M. Mamst. Children's World. - 2016.
• P. Child. Rechitsa. The city we love. Rechitsa, 2008. ISBN 978-985-90094-1-9
• A. Kaganovich. Rechitsa. The history of the Jewish town of South-Eastern Belarus. Jerusalem, 2007. ISBN 965-7129-45-1
• Ch. Petkevich. Rechitsa Polesie. Minsk, 2005. ISBN 985-6730-56-2

Links

• (Russian) Official website of the city of Rechitsa

A city in Belarus, Gomel region, pier on the river. Dnieper. Railroad station. 69.4 thousand inhabitants (1991). Plants: shipbuilding, ship repair, Thermoplastic, etc. Woodworking, light, food industries; art factory ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Sush., Number of synonyms: 1 city (2765) Dictionary of synonyms ASIS. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary

A city in Belarus, a pier on the river. Dnieper. Railroad station. 69.4 thousand inhabitants (1991). Plants: shipbuilding, ship repair, "Thermoplast", etc. Woodworking, light, food industries; factory of artistic ceramics. ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

The district town of Minsk province, near the Dnieper river. Inhabitants of 9332 (4620 mzhch. And 4712 women), of which Orthodox 37%, Jews 59%, other confessions about 4%. The majority (89%) of the population are bourgeois. 2 Orthodox churches, a synagogue and several Jewish ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Rechitsa - Sp Rèčyca Ap Rechytsa / Rechytsa baltarusiškai (gudiškai) Ap Rechitsa / Rechitsa rusiškai L P, R ir PV Baltarusija ... Pasaulio vietovardžiai. Internetinė duomenų bazė

I Rechitsa is a city of regional subordination in the Gomel region of the BSSR. A pier on the Dnieper. Railway station on the Gomel Kalinkovichi line. 57.1 thousand inhabitants (1975). Plants: hardware, ceramic pipe, hydrolysis yeast, butter and milk powder, ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Rachytsa, a city in the Gomel region. (Belarus), 46 km west of Gomel, on the right bank of the river. Dnieper (pier). 70 thousand inhabitants (2003). Known since the XII century; in Russia - since 1796. Since 1964, oil has been produced in the vicinity (in the late 1970s, its production became ... ... Geographical encyclopedia

Rechitsa - 243410, Bryansk, Pochepsky ...

Rechitsa (2) - 303804, Orlovskaya, Livenskiy ... Settlements and Russian indices

Rechitsa (3) - 307735, Kursk, Lgovsky ... Localities and indices of Russia

Books

• ,. Charter of the 1st general health insurance fund at industrial enterprises of the city of Rechitsa, Minsk province. Reproduced in the original author's spelling of the 1912 edition (publishing house `Rechitsa, ...
• Statutes of the 1st General Health Insurance Fund,. Charter of the 1st general health insurance fund at industrial enterprises of the city of Rechitsa, Minsk province. Reproduced in the original author's spelling of the 1912 edition (publishing house "Rechitsa, ...