Author: The list of desired points was very cut - they did not allow shooting from the roofs of buildings, they were not allowed to rise to some towers, but most importantly, the Kremlin wall was left. Take a walk on the Kremlin walls, climbing the inaccessible towers, was mine long-standing dreamAnd now she was realized! In the first part, I will lay out a walk along the walls of the Kremlin.
01. This is the staircase leads to the Spasskaya Tower. There are two sites on the tower, one under the clock, the second above. 
02. Dawn. 
03.
04.
05. A little approach ... 
06. View of the Red Square from the Spasskaya Tower. 
07. Historical Museum and Mausoleum. 
08. On the perimeter of the Kremlin wall there is a track. Along it, pipes are laid with some communications, as well as elements of illumination and security systems. 
09. Wall. View from the Konstantino Elelenian Tower. 
10. Behind the wall, everything is not so beautiful as in tourist zones. For example, the Beklemishev tower is complicated by some garbage. On the left you can see the mount for the Kremlin Christmas tree. 
11.
12.
13. The symbol of Moscow on the building of the Senate 
14. As I said, the backlight is standing on the wall. Walk freely there is difficult. 
15. Staircase in one of the towers. Most are empty towers inside, there is electrical equipment and communications. 
16.
17.
18. Playground on the Townist Tower. 
19.
20. Despite the large number of sensors and cameras, urban crazy sometimes try to take the wall by storm. 
21. Blagoveshchenskaya Tower 
22.
23.
24. U. kremlin Wall Between the Commandat and Trinity Towers there is an interesting civilian building of the mid XVII century. - The so-called sweetest palace. 
25. In the XIX century. In the drosst palace, the commandant of Moscow lived, in the XX VU - here was the first Kremlin apartment I.V. Stalin (until 1932). The funny palace is the only architectural monument to Boyar housing in the Kremlin. 
26. Cameras. 
27. Commandant Tower 
28. Borovitskaya Tower. Interestingly, according to the decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, the Borovitskaya Tower was renamed the Forerunner at the Name of the Church of the Nativity of St. John the Bar. However, the old name of the tower still survived and reached our days. 
29. My shadow. 
30. View of S. observation deck Borovitsky Tower on the Armory Chamber and BKD. 
31. 
32.
33. "House on the Embankment" 
34.
35. Wall, view from the tower. 
36.
37.
38.
39.
40. Surprisingly, there is a gate on the wall. Here they need so that the musicians of the Presidential Orchestra, located in the Troitskaya Tower, could not escape;) 
41.
42. And this is a greenhouse, in it growing plants, which adorn the interiors of the premises of the Kremlin. 
43. And here is a musician. 
44. Arsenal. 
45. There are a lot of inscriptions on the pipes, they left the soldiers who carried the service here. 
46.
47. Eternal Flame Fame at the Grave of the Unknown Soldier 
48.
49.
50. Grotto "Ruins" in the Alexandrovsky Garden 
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57. The doors in the old tower) 
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.a is the royal tower. A small turret is put straight on the wall in the 80s of the XVII century between the Spasskaya and the Battle Tower of the Kremlin. Her octahedral tent on the jug-like pillars is reminded by the rustling of stone residential chorus spread at this time. 
63. The name of the tower is associated with the legend, according to which she served as a kind of canopy over the royal throne, from where the Sovereign of All Russia could watch the events on Red Square from the Kremlin. View from her bad. 
64.
65.
66. Staircase in one of the towers. 
67.
68.
69.
70. And this is a sunset from the Spasskaya Tower. 
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Moscow Kremlin - the oldest part of Moscow, the main socio-political and historical and art complex of the city, the official residence of the President Russian Federation. The first settlements on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin are a bronze century (II millennium BC). The modern Arkhangelsk Cathedral found the Finno-Ugric settlement belonging to the early Iron Venus (the second half of the first 1 millennium BC).
Below you will see a gorgeous reconstruction in the form excellent photoswho show how the Kremlin looked 300 and 200 years ago. And before that, very briefly run on history. Well, the dock is also waiting for the most inquisitive. The film "Unknown Kremlin".
In the distant times, the first settlement of the future Moscow appeared in the place of challenged in Moscow-River in Borovitsky Cape. In 1147, Prince Yuri Dolgoruky gave his feast here. This chronicle mention entered the story as the year of the foundation of our capital. 
Already at that time, the settlement surrounded the shaft and wooden walls. In this place, Yuri Dolgoruky in 1156 places the fortress that became the famous Moscow Kremlin.
Fires in Moscow at that time were a frequent occasion. In 1337, almost the entire city was grown, so by 1340 the Kremlin was surrounded by new oak walls.
The next fire of 1354 again destroys the Kremlin. The re-event occurs after another 10 years. The rulers of the city acutely had a need to solve this problem.
Dmitry Ivanovich decides to surround the Kremlin stone fortifications. Begins tight work on the delivery of limestone, and since 1368, white-stone walls are towering in the city. 
The modern view of the Kremlin was formed in 1485-1495 at the initiative of Ivan III. The construction involved a huge number of best architects "All Russia". Also on the construction of walls and towers of the fortress, Italian masters in the construction of defensive structures were involved. The Italians at the time were built Moscow everywhere, but nevertheless, the Russian ideas were not killed, there was no inherent influence.
The first Townitskaya Tower in the Kremlin was built in 1485 by Anton Fryazin. Here were secured by secret passages to the river and the well, providing defenders of the fortress with water. 
In 1487, the South-Eastern corner took the Beklemishev Round Tower Marco Fryazin. A little later, all other Kremlin towers were built. 
Watches of the Spasskaya Tower of the Moscow Kremlin
The people were revered by the main gate of the Frolov Tower. Through them did not take place on horseback and covered head. Later, the Franov Tower was renamed Spasskaya because of the Savior Savior Savior Smolensky and Savior Savior. According to documents, the main hours of the state in this tower appeared in 1491.
In 1625, the clock was replaced with new ones. The master made Christopher his head, and Kirill Samoilov cast 30 bells for them.
Another update of the clock has passed under Peter I. With the transition to a single daily bill of time on the Spasskaya Tower, Dutch clock with 12 divisions were entrenched. But after the fire of 1737 I had to move away from the honorary post.
The clock of our time was installed in 1852 by the brothers Butenop. 
February revolution near the walls of the Kremlin
Ruby stars of the Moscow Kremlin
In 1935, stainless steel stars lined with red gold-plated copper are installed on the tops of the Spasskaya, Nikolskaya, Borovitsky and Trinity towers. In the center of stars there is a 2-meter sickle and hammer emblem, decorated with precious stones. To install the stars, I even had to rebuild a little towers. Anyway, in two years, the stones on the stars fused, and in 1937 a decision was made to install ruby \u200b\u200bstars.
The Moscow Kremlin is a symbol of the Russian Federation, revered by all its population and attracts foreign tourists who want to plunge into the history of our great country. 
Scheme of Moscow Kremlin 
Masking in Great Patriotic 
Photo: Mos-kreml.ru.
And for the most inquisitive, as promised, the video about the Kremlin:
Looking at these pictures and I want to exclaim: "There is still from Moscow beautiful views! Not still managed to displease! "
The original is taken by W. gelio. in Moscow from height. 2014.
Moscow - the capital of the Russian Federation. This is the largest city in the population of Russia, in which more than 12 million people live according to official statistics. For this indicator, it is among the ten largest cities in the world. This is financial, transport, logistic, business, cultural and tourist centre countries. Important attractions are concentrated here, including the Kremlin, Red Square, a Bolshoy Theater, Stalin's highlights and many other iconic objects.
Moscow is a city with monumental architecture: to understand the real scale of wide multi-band streets, multi-tiered junctions and skyscrapers can be only from height.
Moscow Kremlin is the geographical and historical center of Moscow. This is the most ancient part of the city, currently being the residence of the highest state authorities of the Russian Federation and one of the main historical and art complexes of the country.
Kremlin embankment and a large stone bridge.
Panorama of the Kremlin.
The existing walls and towers were built in 1485-1495. The total length of the walls is 2235 m.
Along the walls there are 19 towers, and one more - Kutafia Tower is put over the walls.
3 towers, standing on the corners, have a round cross-section, the rest are square.
SAMI tall tower - Troitskaya, it has a height of 80 meters.
Large Kremlin Palace.
Built in 1838-1849 on the command of Emperor Nicholas I by a group of Russian architects under the leadership of K. A. Tone. Currently used for state and diplomatic techniques and official ceremonies, and the Palace itself is a parade residence of the President of the Russian Federation.
The Pokrovsky Cathedral (Vasily Blessed Church) is one of the most famous attractions of Russia. For many, he is a symbol of Moscow, Russia.
The cathedral was built by Barm and the postmanial at Queen Ivan Grozny in 1555-61. In memory of the conquest of Kazan.
A bronze monument to Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky is located in front of the cathedral.
"Museum V. I. Lenin"
State Historical Museum.
The collection of the museum reflects the history and culture of Russia from ancient times and to the present day, is unique in terms of the number and content of exhibits.
Manege Square
Fountain "Clock World". The main dome of the underground shopping complex "Okhotny Ryad".
Tverskaya Street - Central Street of Moscow.
The State Academic Big Theater is one of the largest in Russia and one of the most significant opera and ballet theaters in the world.
Bronze quadriga over the input portion. The Big Theater is depicted on storbly banknotes.
"House on the Embankment"
The residential complex CEC-SNK of the USSR covers an area of \u200b\u200bthree hectares. 25 entrances go into two streets - Serafimovich and Bersenevskaya embankment.
In the history of the house as the history of the country affected the mirror. The fate of many residents of the house is tragic. During the years of "Big Terror", almost a third of his inhabitants suffered from repression, disappeared in prisons and camps. In the house there were outstanding military leaders, heroes, artists, journalists, writers, academicians, party and government figures, employees of the Comintern.
GUM (main universal store)
A large shopping complex, which occupies the whole quarter of China-Cities and goes out by the main facade on Red Square. Monument to the pseudorussian architecture of federal significance. It is leased until 2059 from the Russian company Retail Bosco Di Ciliegi, which specializes in selling luxury goods.
Tsum (Central Universal Store)
State Duma (State Duma Federal Assembly Russian Federation)
The building was built in 1938 for the Council of Labor and Defense. Subsequently, the Soviet government was posted in it (Council of People's Commissars, then the Council of Ministers of the USSR), and then Gamin USSR. The State Duma meets here since 1994.
"White House" - House of the Government of the Russian Federation
The White House suffered a lot during the October events of 1993, when the troops caused by President Yeltsin opened fire from tanks on the building, defended by supporters of the dissolved congress of people's deputies and the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation.
Left: The former territory of the Confectionery Factory "Red October". CENTER: Monument to Peter the first work of the Tsereteli.
New Arbat
Garden Ring road
Borodinsky Bridge over Moscow River. Smolensk Embankment and Embankment Taras Shevchenko.
"Stalin's high-rises" - seven high-rise buildings built in Moscow in the late 1940s - early 1950s. High-rise buildings are the top of the post-war "Soviet Art Deco" in urban architecture. All Stalin's highways were laid on the same day - on September 7, 1947, when the 800th anniversary of Moscow was celebrated. It was a symbol of a new stage in the life of the ancient capital.
The main building of Moscow State University is the most ambitious and high of all Stalinist heights.
It has 36 floors, and the height with the spire reaches 240 meters. The building was the highest administrative and residential building in Moscow for the spleen for a long age, from 1953 to December 2003.
Residential building on the boiler's embankment
The house was built in 1938-1940, 1948-1952. The central body has 26 floors (32 together with the technical floors) and has a height of 176 m. 540 apartments are located in height.
High-rise building on the square of the red gate
During the construction of the founding of a high-rise building on the Lermontov Square, a reception was applied, which had no analogues on technical courage and engineering art. The fact is that the house with a height of 138 meters was built simultaneously with the metro station "Red Gate. The designers faced a difficult problem: for a while a multi-storey building will be on the very edge of the pit, therefore the soil will fall unevenly and the height will come back. Therefore, it was decided to specifically build with a slope. Before this, the soil around the perimeter of the pit was artificially frozen using the metro construction technology. When then he melted, the building caught and accepted a strictly vertical position. This method has never been applied anywhere else due to the complexity of the calculations.
Residential building at Kudrinskaya Square
The naughter was called "Aviator House" due to the fact that the apartments in it were provided to employees of the aviation industry. On the upper floors, the KGB special equipment was placed to monitor the American embassy, \u200b\u200bwhich is nearby, on Novinsky Boulevard.
"Radisson Royal" (Hotel "Ukraine")
The hotel was built in 1953-1957 and received its name in honor of the Motherland of the Secretary General Nikita Khrushchev. In April 2010, the hotel opened after a large-scale restoration under the new name "Radisson Royal".
The building opens the Kutuzov Prospect.
"Moscow City"
In 1992, the first projects of the multi-storey business center appeared, which was suggested to build the Moscow River in the Presnensk Embankment. The quarter was called Moscow International Business Center "Moscow-City".
On the area of \u200b\u200b60 hectares, 16 multi-storey buildings should be built, which are an integrated complex of structures with a single information space. Moscow-City skyscrapers must accommodate numerous offices, restaurants, hotels, halls of congresses, entertainment centers, Shops, galleries, exhibition halls.
As of the end of 2014, 10 high-altitude buildings were built on the territory of "Moscow-City" and 11 are in the construction process or completed. Of these, 15 buildings are skyscrapers (above 150 meters).
The average floors of the complex currently is 54 floors.
Budgets for the purchase of apartments in MMDTS "Moscow-City" are concentrated in the range of 1-2 million dollars.
Tower "Eurasia Tower". 70 floors, 309 m.
Tower of Mercury City Tower. 75 floors, 339 m.
The height of the building is 338.8 meters, which allowed the tower to be called the highest European skyscraper until September 25, 2014. The 75-storey tower of Mercury City bypassed the London Skyscraper "The Sharant" (306 m), which lasted in the status of the highest building of Europe just 4 months. After completing the construction of Mercury City, it was almost 33 m above its London rival.
In 2013, Mercury City became the owner of the prestigious International Property Awards Awards Europe 2013 in the nomination "Best Architecture of the High-rise Building".
"Tower on the Embankment." 59 floors, 268 m.
Trade and cultural center "Evolution". 54 floors, 255 m.
The tower differs from all other projects with its unusual twisting form resembling DNA molecule. The architect Tony Kettle worked on the project design together with Karen Forbes, who teaching this moment in Edinburgh. The tower itself is a creative sibling of constructivism, borrowing the outlines of the Tatlin Tower, dedicated to the III International.
Ostankino Tower.
The construction was carried out from 1963 to 1967. At that time it was the highest structure in the world (540 meters). Now it is the 8th in the world in height free standing.
Panorama with Ostankino TV Bashni.
View from 503 telbashni marks.
The idea of \u200b\u200busing a prestressed reinforced concrete, compressed by steel cables, made it possible to make the construction of the tower simple and durable.
Another progressive idea was to use a relatively small foundation: according to the plan of engineer Nikitin, the tower should have been practically standing on Earth and its stability is ensured by repeatedly exceeding the mass of the cone-shaped base above the mass of the mast design.
Victory Park
The memorial complex of victory in the Great Patriotic War was opened on May 9, 1995 to the 50th anniversary of the Great Victory.
Belorussian
Komsomolskaya Square - the area of \u200b\u200bthe three stations where Leningradsky, Yaroslavl and Kazan railway stations are located.
In the year, more than 30 million people are sent from the metropolitan stations and in foreign countries.
Kiev railway station
Belorussian station
The third transport ring (TTK) is one of the three rounded highways of Moscow along with Garden ring and the Moscow ring car expense.
Street running
The total length of the TTK is about 36 kilometers, of which about 19 kilometers - overpass, about 5 kilometers - tunnels.
Combast Multi-Multi.
Strogino
Round House on Dovzhenko, 6
Address: Russia Moscow
Start of construction: 1482 year
Ending construction: 1495 year
Number of towers: 20
Wall Length: 2500 m.
Main attractions: Spasskaya Tower, Assumption Cathedral, Ivan Great Bell Tower, Blagoveshchensky Cathedral, Arkhangelsk Cathedral, Granovy Chamber, Terem Palace, Arsenal, Armory, Tsar-gun, King Bell
Coordinates: 55 ° 45 "03.0" N 37 ° 36 "59.3" E
An object cultural heritage Russian Federation
Brief history Moscow Kremlin
In the heart of Moscow, the Bully Ensemble of the Kremlin towers on Borovitsky Hill. It has long been not only the symbol of the capital, but also all of Russia. History itself ordered that the ordinary village of Krivich, spreading in in the midst of the forest wilderness, eventually turned into the capital of a mighty Russian state.
Kremlin from a bird's eye view
Kremlin or Decity in ancient Russia called the central, fortified part of the city with a fortress wall, braces and towers. The first Moscow Kremlin, built in 1156 by Prince Yuri Dolgorukh, was a wooden fortress, surrounded by moat and the shaft.
In the prince of Ivan I on nicknamed Kalita (cash bag), oak walls and towers were erected in Moscow and laid the first stone building - the Cathedral of the Assumption of Our Lady.
View of the walls of the Kremlin with the Kremlin Embankment
In 1367, the Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy Kremlin had a powerful fastener wall of white limestone. Since then, the capital received the nickname "Moscow Belokamena". Large-scale construction turned under Ivan III, which combined a significant part of the Russian lands around Moscow and built a decent "sovereign of All Russia" the residence in the Kremlin.
For the construction of fortification structures, Ivan III invited architects from Milan. It was in 1485 - 1495 that the existing and so-old walls and the Kremlin Tower were built. The top of the walls are crowned with 1045 teeth in the form of a "swallow tail" - they have the same appearance as the teeth of Italian castles. At the turn of the XV - XVI centuries, the Moscow Kremlin turned into an impregnable massive fortress, lined with red bricks.
View of the Kremlin with a Big Stone Bridge
In 1516, along the fortifications overlooking the Red Square, died. After the turmoil Tower, the tower was decorated with tents, giving the Kremlin a modern appearance.
Wonderful return of the shrine of the Moscow Kremlin
The Spasskaya, created by Italian architect Pietro Antonio Solari, is considered to be the main of 20 towers of the Moscow Kremlin. The Spasskit Gate has long been a front entrance to the Kremlin, and the chimes, placed in the tent tower, are known as the main hours of the country. The top of the tower is crowned with a luminous rubble star, but after the collapse of the USSR, more and more often appear appeals to remove the star and hoisting in her place of the double-headed eagle. The tower received its name from the commercial icon of Sven Smolensky.
View of the Kremlin from the Big Moskvoretsky Bridge
Icon was revered by saints, so men passing through the gate, in front of the contraction of the Savior were to remove the headdress. The legend says that when Napoleon drove through the Spasskit Gate, then the gust of the wind ripped from his head to the tricon. But on this, there were no bad omen: the French tried to kidnap the gilded robe, adorned by the image of the Sven of Smolensky, but the staircase attached to the goal was overturned, and the shrine remained unharmed.
During the years of Soviet power, the icon was removed from the tower. For more than 70 years, the shrine was considered lost until in 2010 the restorers were found under the layer of plaster metal grid hiding the image of Christ. On August 28, 2010, in the feast of the Assumption of the Virgin, Patriarch Kirill solemnly consecrated the newly acquired icon over the gates of the Spasskaya Tower.
Beklemishevskaya Tower
Legends and myths of the Kremlin
The time of time, the Moscow Kremlin was not only a symbol of the infinite power of the sovereign, but also the place of legends. For a long history about the Kremlin temples and the towers, so much legends were created that would have enough for a whole book.
The most famous legends talk about secret dungeons and underground strokes. It is believed that they were invented by the Italian architects, designed and built the Kremlin walls and towers. Many underground premises have been preserved under the former miracle monastery, which was located in the eastern part of the Kremlin hill until the 1930s. These are transitions, indoor houses of temples and long galleries. To date, some of them flooded with underground waters.
Eternal flame near the walls of the Kremlin
There are rumors among Muscovites that earlier from each of the towers of the Kremlin, branched underground moves. The same secret passes joined all the royal palaces. When, in the 1960s, the builders took the digging of a big pit for the State Kremlin Palace, they found three underground passages built in the XVI century. The dungeons were so wide that it could be driving on the cart.
Underground moves were found during each major reconstruction. Most often, emptiness, failures and labyrinths for safety reasons were lit or simply poured concrete.
Spasskaya Tower
One of the secrets of the Moscow Kremlin is also associated with its dungeons. For several centuries, historians and archaeologists have been fighting over the mystery of the disappearance of the library of John IV of Grozny, which is also called Liberia. The unique collection of ancient books and manuscripts Russian Sovereign was inherited from his grandmother Sofia Paleologist, whom these books went as a bold.
In historical documents there is an inventory library consisting of 800 volumes, but the assembly itself disappeared without a trace. Some researchers are convinced that it burned in a fire or disappeared into the times of Discharge. But many are confident that the social library and hidden in one of the Kremlin dungeons.
View of Assumption, Blagoveshchensky Cathedrals and Cathedral Square
Finding books in the storage facilities located underground was not an accident. When in 1472, Sophia Paleologist arrived in the city, she saw that there was a fire that brightened in Moscow for two years earlier. It was understood that the library brought by it can easily die on fire, Sophia ordered to equip a spacious basement under the repository, which was under the Kremlin Temple of the Nativity of the Virgin. After that, a valuable Liberia was always kept in the dungeons.
View of the Cathedral Square and the bell tower of Ivan the Great
Cathedrals of the Moscow Kremlin - "Altari of Russia"
Today, the Moscow Kremlin is both the place of work of the President of the Russian Federation, and the Historical and Cultural Museum. The historic center of the Kremlin is represented by the Cathedral Square with the Three Cathedrals - Assumption, Arkhangelsk and Blagoveshchensky. The ancient proverb says: "The Kremlin is minced over Moscow, and only the sky over the Kremlin." That is why the whole people honored the decrees of the king, which he proclaimed in the Assumption Cathedral.
This temple with full right can be called the "Altar of Russia". In the Assumption Cathedral of the Kremlin, the kings were crowned with the kingdom, elected the next chapter of the Russian Church, and in the tombs of the temple, the eternal peace of the power of the Moscow saints found. The Arkhangelsk Cathedral since 1340 and up to the XVIII century, served as the tomb of the Moscow Princes and Kings.
Arkhangelsk Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin
Under its vaults on white-plates, gravestones are installed in strict order. Annunciation Cathedral was a personal prayer house of Moscow princes: here they took baptism, confessed, were crowned. According to legend, in the lines of this temple they kept a grand permanent treasury. The Cathedral Square is surrounded by the bell tower of Ivan the Great, grain and patriarchal chambers. The collections of the Boyar City Council and Zemstvo Cathedral were held at the Granovic Chamber, and the Holy Synod office was located in the Patriarch Palace.
Attractions of Moscow Kremlin
The Kremlin's younger buildings include a large Kremlin Palace, built in the middle of the XIX century on the orders of Emperor Nikolai I. Today, its walls are located the parade residence of the President of Russia.
Tsar Cannon
In the palace halls, the ceremony of the president is held, state awards and credentials are awarded. In one of the buildings of the Palace there are diamond fund of the Russian Federation and the Armory of the Chamber are the treasury of the subjects of the palace help. In the Kremlin, there are tsar-guns weighing 40 tons and tsar-bell weighing 200 tons - masterpieces of Russian casting mastery. Because of his giant dimensions, they are not suitable for use in their intended purpose, but they became symbols of the Great Russia. In the Kremlin is always crowded. Guests admire the incredit beauty of architectural creations that personify Russian history. As I wrote M.Yu. Lermontov in the "Panorama of Moscow", nothing can compare with this Kremlin which, "surrounded by the toothed walls and the Zalads of the heads of cathedrals, will face high mountain, as putter on the brow of the Terrible Lord. "
IN historical center Capital is the most recognizable architectural structure of Russia - Moscow Kremlin. The main feature architectural ensemble It is its firming complex consisting of walls in the form of a triangle with twenty towers.
The complex was built in the period from 1485 to 1499 and well preserved to this day. He served as a model for such forties several times, which appeared in other cities of Russia - Kazan, Tula, Rostov, Nizhny Novgorod etc. In the walls of the Kremlin there are numerous religious and secular buildings - cathedrals, palaces and administrative buildings of different eras. The Kremlin was included in the list World Heritage UNESCO in 1990. Together with the adjacent Red Square, which is part of this list, the Kremlin is usually considered the main attraction of Moscow. 
Cathedrals of Moscow Kremlin
The architectural ensemble form three temples, in the center is located. The history of the cathedral began in 1475. It is the oldest fully preserved building among all the Kremlin buildings. 
Initially, construction took place in 1326-1327 under the leadership of Ivan I. After completing the construction, the cathedral served as the home church of Metropolitan of Moscow, who settled in the predecessor of the current Patriarchal Palace. 
By 1472, now the collapsed cathedral was destroyed, and then a new building was built in his place. However, it collapsed in May 1474, possibly due to an earthquake or due to errors in construction. A new attempt to revive the Grand Duke Ivan III. It was in this cathedral that the prayers served in front of important campaigns, crowned the kings and were erected in San Patriarchs. 
Dedicated to Archangel Mikhail, the patron of Russian rulers, was built in 1505 on the site of the 1333 church of the same name. It is built by the Italian architect Aloizio Lamberty da Montignan. Architectural style Combines traditional old Russian religious architecture and elements of Italian revival. 
Located on the southwest corner of the square. In 1291, it was built here wooden churchHowever, later, the century burned down and was replaced by the stone church. The cathedral of white stone on the facades has nine onion domes and is intended for family ceremonies. 
Cathedral time: 10:00 to 17:00 (day off - Thursday). A single ticket for visits will cost 500 rubles for adults and 250 rubles for children.
Palaces and Square of the Moscow Kremlin
- - These are several representative secular buildings created in different centuries and served as a house for Russian great princes and kings, and in our time for the presidents.
- - five-story building decorated with rich carved decorative frames, as well as a tiled roof.
- - Building of the 17th century, retained rare architectural features civil architecture of that time. The museum presents jewelry work, exquisite dishes, painting, objects of royal hunting. The magnificent iconostasis destroyed in 1929 of the Ascension Monastery was preserved.
- - Three-storey construction made in an early neoclassical style. Initially, the palace was supposed to serve as a residence of Senate, but in our time there is a central working office of the President of Russia.
Among popular seats in the Moscow Kremlin should be noted the following areas:
Towers of Moscow Kremlin
The length of the walls is 2235 meters, their maximum height is 19 meters, and the thickness reaches 6.5 meters. 
There are 20 similar in the architectural stylist of defensive towers. Three angular towers have a cylindrical base, the remaining 17 are quadrangular. 
Trojitsa Tower It is the highest, towering up 80 meters. 
Lowest - tower Kutafia (13.5 meters), located outside the wall. 
Four towers have a travel gate:
The vertices of these 4-time towers, which are considered particularly beautiful, are decorated with symbolic red ruby \u200b\u200bstars of the Soviet era. 
The clock on the Spasskaya Tower first appeared in the 15th century, but burned in 1656. On December 9, 1706, the capital first heard the fight of the Kurats, who announced a new hour. Since then, many events have occurred: war was carried out, the cities were renamed, the capital changed, but the famous chimes of the Moscow Kremlin remain the main chronometer of Russia. 
Bell tower (height 81 meters) is the most high building in the Kremlin ensemble. It was built between 1505 and 1508 and still performs its function for three cathedrals, which do not have their own bells - Arkhangelsk, Assumption and Blagoveshchensky.
Nearby there is a small church of St. John, from where the name of the bell tower and the square appeared. It existed before the beginning of the XVI century, then collapsed and since then it was significantly dilapidated. 
The Granovy Chamber is the main banquet hall of the Moscow Tsarevichi, this is the oldest preserved secular building in the city. Currently, this is the official ceremonial hall for the President of Russia, so it is closed for excursions. 
Weapon Chamber and Diamond Fund
The Chamber was built by the decree of Peter I so that weapons mined in wars were kept. Construction has been delayed, starting in 1702 and ending only in 1736 due to financial difficulties. In 1812, the Chamber was blown up in the war against Napoleon, was reconstructed only in 1828. Now the Armory is a museum, to visit that can be on any day of the week from 10:00 to 18:00, with the exception of Thursday. The price of a ticket for adults is 700 rubles, for children - free. 
There are not only arms fishery exhibits, but also a diamond foundation. The permanent exhibition of the state diamond fund was first opened in the Moscow Kremlin in 1967. There are especially valuable unique jewelry and gemsMost of them were confiscated after the October Revolution. Work time - from 10:00 to 17:20 any day, except Thursday. For a ticket for adults will have to give 500 rubles, the children's costs 100 rubles. 
The two diamond exhibited deserves separate attention, as they belong to the most famous samples in the world of this gemstone:
- This is not only the largest medieval fortress in Russia, but also the greatest active fortress throughout Europe. Of course, there were more such structures, but the Moscow Kremlin is the only one that is still used.
- Kremlin walls were white. Walls "purchased" their red brick at the end of the XIX century. To see the White Kremlin, seek the work of the artists of the 18th or 19th century, such as Peter Vereshchagin or Alexey Savrasov.
- Red square has nothing to do with red. The name comes from the ancient Russian word "red", which means beautiful, and in no way connected with the color of buildings, which, as we now know, were white until the end of the 19th century.
- The stars of the Moscow Kremlin were eagles. In the days of Tsarist Russia, four Kremlin towers were crowned with blohemic eagles, which from the XV century were the Russian coat of arms. In 1935, the Soviet government replaced the eagles that were melted and replaced by five-pointed stars that we see today. The fifth star on the water tower added later.
- The Kremlin towers have names. Of the 20 Kremlin towers, only two do not have their own names.
- The Kremlin is tightly built up. Behind the 2235-meter Kremlin walls are 5 squares and 18 buildings, including the most popular Spasskaya Tower, the bell tower of Ivan the Great, Assumption Cathedral, the Trinity Tower and the Terem Palace.
- The Moscow Kremlin practically did not suffer in World War II. During the war, the Kremlin was carefully disguised to look like a residential building block. The dome of the church and the famous green towers were painted in gray and brown colors, respectively, fake doors and windows were coming to the walls of the Kremlin, and the Red Square was burdened with wooden structures.
- The Kremlin is in the Guinness Book of Records. In the Moscow Kremlin, you can see the largest bell in the world and the largest gun in the world. In 1735, a 6.14 meter bell was made of metal casting, the king gun weighing 39,312 tons was lost in 1586 and was never used in the war.
- The stars of the Kremlin are always shine. For 80 years of existence, the lighting of the Kremlin stars was disabled only twice. The first time during the Second World War, when the Kremlin was disguised to hide him from bombers. For the second time they were disabled for the film. Oscar-axis director Nikita Mikhalkov removed the scene for the Siberian Mutter.
- Kremlin clocks have a deep mystery. The secret of the accuracy of the Kremlin clock literally lies under our legs. The clock is connected to the clock of the control in the Astronomical Institute of Sternberg through the cable.
