Whose homeland mother is higher: Volgograd vs Kiev. Height "Motherland" (sculpture). History of creating a monument Statue of Freedom and Motherland Mother Comparison

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Motherland

Why, when creating a monument of heroic defense of Stalingrad, was this image? There is an opinion that the sculpture of Evgeny Vuctech took the image of Nika Selfraki, also a bas-relief with Marselease in Paris could affect creative intent, where a woman with a sword was depicted.

The Motherland-Mother's image itself became one of the main images of Soviet propaganda after in 1941 Irakli Taidze was created, perhaps the most famous campaign poster of the Great Patriotic War "Motherland-Mother calls".

Sculpture at the Mamaev Kurgan in this way is an allegorical way of the Motherland, which is the name of his sons to battle with the enemy. Evgeny Vuctech came to this image not immediately. Initially, the project assumed the presence of two figures (a woman and a cranked soldier), in the hand of the mother-mother-mother should not keep a sword, but a red banner.

Dimensions

The construction of the monument began in May 1959 and was completed on October 15, 1967. At the time of creation, the sculpture was the highest monument in the world. Its total height is 85 meters, weight - 8 thousand tons. The calculations of the monument did Nikolai Nikitin, who before participated in the design of Moscow State University and the Ostankino Tower. The statue height was determined by Nikita Khrushchev, who ultimatically stated that it should be higher than the Statue of Freedom in the United States. In comparison with the growth of a person, the figure "Mother's Mother's Mother" is increased 30 times. Today, the Motherland-Mother ranks 11th in the ranking of the highest statues of the world. Restoration work on the main monument of the ensemble monument was carried out twice: in 1972 and 1986.

Sword of Victory

The sword in the hands of Mother's Mother's hands has a connection with other famous monuments. It is understood that this sword is the same sword that the worker passes the Warrior depicted on the "Rear - Front" monument (Magnitogorsk), and which then lowers the "liberator" in Berlin.

Initially, the sword is 33 meters long and weighing 14 tons was made of stainless steel, covered with titanium sheets. However, the sheets of titanium sheath thunder in the wind, created an excessive sailness and could lead to undesirable consequences. In 1972, the sword's blade was replaced during the restoration - to the entire fluorinated steel.

Mogila

More than 35 thousand people were buried on Mamyev Kurgan. Of the 200 days of the Stalingrad battle, the struggle for this height lasted 135 days. Even in winter, Mamaev Kurgan remained black from bombs breaks, one square meter had to semi-pole to 1,200 fragments and bullets. In the spring of 1943, the grass here did not go. At Mamaev Kurgan, the foothold of the Motherland was also buried by the commander of the 62nd Army, Marshal of the Soviet Union Vasily Ivanovich Chuikov. It was Vasily Ivanovich to be buried his desire to be buried here in his will.

Prototypes

Until now, about whom there are several versions from "sculpting". On the eve of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Stalingrad battle of 79-year-old resident of Barnaul Anastasia Peshkova announced that it was she who became a prototype. In 2003, Exactly, Valentina Isotova, who worked as a waitress in the Volgograd restaurant.

Another contender for the title of the "Motherland-Mother" prototype was the former sports gymnast of Catherine Grebneva, but she, unlike previous contenders, believes that it was not the only simulator, and the image of Mother's Motherland is still collective.

The former deputy director of the monument-ensemble "Heroes of the Stalingrad Battle" Valentina Klyushin expressed another opinion: "Figure Evgeny Viktorovich did Dumbadze with Nina Dumbadze, a famous discol. She posed him in Moscow, in his workshop. But behind the face of the sculpture of Evgeny Viktorovich did not go far. He created him from the spouse - faith of Nikolaevna. And sometimes gently called the sculpture with the name of his wife - Verochka. "

Without foundation

Despite its huge weight (8000 tons), "Motherland-Mother" is a free standing design. Inside it consists of individual cells. The rigging frame is supported by ninety-nine metal cables that are constantly in tension. The thickness of the reinforced concrete walls of the sculpture is only 25-30 centimeters.

Materials

Motherland-mother was cast by a layer of a layer using a special formwork from plaster materials, blocks of pre-stressed reinforced concrete consisting of 5,500 tons of concrete and 2400 tons of metal. And this weight without reason.

There is a monument on a 2 meter height plate, which is installed on the main foundation with a height of 16 meters, almost completely hidden underground. In order for the figure to look more monumental, at the upper point Mamaeva Kurgan also made an artificial mound of 14 meters high and weighing 150 thousand tons.

Green light

All the time, until the statue was erected, there was a need for continuous supply of concrete, even a minor delay could break the strength of the multi-torque design. Trucks that brought concrete to the construction site were marked with special signs. Drivers were also allowed to violate the rules of the road, they could even pass "on Red", without fear that the traffic police stop them. 9 A copy of the statue at the cottage of Eugene Vuchetich in the Timiryazevsky district of Moscow, where he used to be his workshop, and today there is a house-museum of sculptor, you can see a reduced copy of the statue - layout, working sketches, as well as the layout of the sculpture head in full size.

Bias

Ivan Krepev, the foreman of the former Stalingrad Hydrostroy, the builder with 50 years of experience, in 2010 stated that "Mother's Motherland" must be saved, since it deviated from 270 millimeters in the project for 221 millimeters. The monument bends for two reasons: the movement of the foundation and deformation of the figure itself. Also aggravate the position of the oscillation of the sword from wind loads.

The fact that the Mother Motherland is in disrepair believes the restorer Vadim Church. In his interview with "MK" in 2013 to the question of whether the sculpture fall, he directly replied: "Easy! She is unpredictable! "

Its height is 182 meters.

In India, on the island of Sadhu Beth in Gujarat, the highest high statue In the world - a statue of unity.

Its height is 182 m and it is higher than the statue of Christ in Brazil (38 m), a statue of freedom in the United States (93 m) and "Motherland" in Kiev (102 m).

Video From Rio with love. The statue of Christ the Savior was painted in Ukrainian colors

The statue of Christ-Savior - in Ukrainian colors. In Rio de Janeiro, the famous sculpture shine yellow-blue. In the colors of the Ukrainian flag, Brazilians highlighted it especially for the independence of our state. Do this for 5 years in a row. Especially, they say, in the Ukrainian diaspora holiday the other day double. After all, they also celebrate the day of the Ukrainian community.

Large and high statues were built since ancient times. For example, the Great Sphinx, built by the ancient Egyptians, was 20 meters in height. However, in the last century, a number of statues were built, much higher than the height of the ancient wonders of the world. In this list, I will list the 7 highest statues of the world at the moment.

7. Sculpture of the motherland mother in Kiev

This is a monument in honor of the Great Patriotic War, calling for patriotism. The creation of the sculpture was completed in 1981, the statue itself towers 62 meters, and together with the general structure, the height is 102 meters. Statue weight - 560 tons. What is interesting is much more famous for the sculpture of the motherland mother in Volgograd, on Mamaev Kurgan, but its height is 54 meters

6. Sculpture of Emperors Yan and Huan

This sculpture was carved into a rock, for more than two decades. Finished her creation in 2007. The overall height of the sculpture is 106 meters. For those who do not know, the sculpture is devoted to the two most first emperors of China - Yan Di and Huan Di

5. Statue of Guan Yin in China

Huan Yin Bodhisattva Statue of 108 meters high is located on the southern coast of Hainan Island in China. The creation of a statue took 6 years, the work was completed in 2005

4. Statue Cristi Rei (110 meters)

This statue was built under inspiration from the famous statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro in 1959. 10 years left for construction, and the statue size fully corresponds to the statue in Rio. The total height of the monument is 110 meters

3. Statue of the ears of Daibuts in Japan (120 meters)

The statue of the ears Daibuts is dedicated to the Buddha Amitabha and is located in the city of Ears in Japan. It was built in 1995. This is the third world statue of the world, the overall height of the monument is 120 meters. Inside the statue, an elevator is arranged, on which you can climb to the viewing platform at the top of the statue

2. Laykyun Setkyar in Myanmar (130 meters)

This statue is the second height in the world. It is built on Kaung Hill in Central Myanmar. His feet is also the biggest oblique statue of Buddha in the world. The inclined Buddha was built in 1991, and high Laykyun Setkyar in 2008

1. Buddha Spring Temple (153 meters)

This is the biggest and high statue in the world. The total height of the entire monument is 153 meters. The construction of this sculpture was started after the terrorists blew up the Bamiyang Buddhas in Afghanistan. The statue was completed in 2008

The graph below shows the dimensions of the spring Buddha relative to the statue of freedom, mother's homeland in Volgograd and Christ the Redeemer

The Great Patriotic War, apparently, will never be forgotten. It was too hard for us to win. In each city there are or squares, or parks and squares, where the monuments are installed in its heroes.

Woman with a sword

The famous Mamaev Kurgan (Volgograd) created a whole ensemble. It is dedicated to those who won the ideological and composite center of this large building - the sculpture that is known worldwide. It is called "Motherland-Mother calls!" True, not everyone is aware that she herself is not independent, but a part of triptych, but the central one.

The second part of the complex is the "Rear-Front" composition. It is made and stands in Magnitogorsk. Showed how the worker hands the warrior sword. And they knocked it just in the Urals. And the entire ensemble also completes the well-known monument - "Warrior Liberator". Location - Berlin.

The tallest

Many are interested in the height of the statue of the Mother Mother in Volgograd. We answer: 85 meters, and the growth of women is 52 m. The weight of the facility is 8000 tons. The length of the sword is 3300 cm. And he will weigh any little 14,000 kg! These are "passport" parameters of this unique work.

In the year of the end of construction, the sculpture was in the world the biggest. She was even listed in the Guinness Book of Records. Compare: The Statue of Liberty is 46 m towers from the pedestal, and the growth of Christ (Redeemer) is only 38. Today, considering what the height of the Motherland-Mother, experts took her 11th place in the list

It was a long time ago

The construction of such a memorial was given extraordinary importance. Taught everything. And also what is the height of the statue of the Motherland. Not limited in money, nor in the most modern building materials. Invited the best creators. The main thing was Evgeny Vuchetich - the People's Artist of the USSR, the participant in the Great Patriotic War. He has already made a wonderful army (ten years ago), which decorates the Berlin Treptov Park. Also, his work is "weeping swords on the oral." Sculpture is shoved in front of the UN building in New York.

The head of the engineering group identified Nikolai Nikitin - Professor-architect, as well as doctors of technical sciences. In the 50s, he designed the buildings of Moscow State University. In the future, he will be entrusted to work on the Ostankino Tower. Now we needed the calculations of special complexity. For this monument has a super-height. "Mother Mother" in Volgograd must be immacular.

For consultation from a military point of view, Vasily Chuikov took - Marshal. At the front, he was called "commander-assault". It was he who commanded the 62nd army that did not pass the enemy Mamaev Kurgan. During the defense of Stalingrad Chuikov, special assault groups came up. They suddenly rushed into the house, passing to them through underground communications. The Germans could not even understand where this blow was filmed.

Already after the war, Marshal was awarded for the work on the monument original: allowed (at his request) to be buried at Mamaev Kurgan, next to those 34505 soldiers who died, defending Stalingrad. In 1982, and their commander themselves burned near the Mother Motherland.

The architectural and engineering group created a figure of a woman (the height of the statue of the Motherland-mother, as we said, - 85 meters), which makes a gusty, energetic step forward. In her hand - a sword raised against the occupants. The country calls the people on the battle with the enemy.

Prim of sculpture

And who is interesting, posed then sculptor? The candidacy - Valentina Mesotov - found by chance. Now she is a pensioner, a resident of Volgograd. And then she was 26 years old. And she worked as a waitress in one restaurant. There she saw her assistant vuchetich, also sculptor L. Maystrenko. He liked the strict serious face, the sports figure of the Mesoth, her purposeful look. The candidacy was approved.

Valentina Ivanovna went to this work for two years. Be that as it may, and the creative process is complex. Especially considering how incredible height sculpture. "Mother's Mother" in Volgograd really turned out to be outstanding. From everywhere come to look at her, give a tribute to the defenders of the country. At night, the monument (the height of the Mother's Mother's height is really amazing) the light of powerful spotlights falls, and the impression is the strongest.

Interesting fact. When the design of the flag and the region was conceived), they decided to take the silhouette as the basis. There were no other opinions. And on the postage stamp GDR released in 1983, there is the same image.

Not easy job

Exact in this place, you understand the whole meaning of the battles. More than four months (more precisely, 140 days) were bloody, the most severe battles for one point - height number 102. And every piece of this land is still dangerous. Although it has passed for more than 70 years after there are no more shots and salts here, and there are shells on the hill today, which did not happen then. That is why this territory was chosen to perpetuate the feats of people.

The construction of an unusual monument (the height of the Mother Motherland is very large) began in 1959, in the spring. Completed in the fall of the 1967th. That is, more than eight years was the work. First - laying the foundation from concrete. From above put the base-box. The builders assumed the stones to set down the pedestal. But the Khrushchev was an indication of the Hrushchev Secretary General, and 150 thousand tons of land were poured on top in order to strengthen the foundation even more. Therefore, today the vertex of Kurgan is imported.

Under the sculpture (the height of the Mother Mother's height strikes the imagination) lies thick (one and a half meter) plate and a base of 16 meters.

Reduced layout

When the turn is the figure of a woman, they cast it right here, on the hill. And how otherwise, if the height of the statue of the "Motherland" in Volgograd is extremely big! But reduced (exactly ten times) layout stood nearby. And gradually, looking at the stencil, the tier was poured behind the tier. So they collected the "woman." Machines with cargo arrived here around the clock. Everything was done very high quality. Concrete, for example, took exactly the same as it was allocated for the Volga hydroelectric station. And fillers to it were also chosen the most thorough way.

But here's the whole figure is ready. Then they took the head. True, cast it separately. And raised by helicopter. Otherwise it was impossible to do. The height of "Motherland" did not allow.

Many had to work with a sword. At first it was made of stainless steel, she was crushed with durable slices (from titanium). However, he shook out from the wind, thundered. That is why in 1972 this weapon was removed and put another, steel construction.

Restoration

Recovery activities were carried out in 1972 and in 1986. Five years ago were engaged in ensuring its security. After all, the height of the monument "Motherland-mother" in Volgograd a little to say decent. She is huge! And over time, everything changes, ages, weakens. And even despite the fact that the thickness of the concrete walls of the monument is 25-30 cm. Inside it is assembled from large individual cells. The framework itself is hard, nevertheless support 119 rolls of durable metal. And they constantly experience powerful tension.

The hardest sword with it is simply a fabulous giant sizes from the wind swayed. And where he was attached to the hand of a woman, a rejupping voltage arose. The design of the sword has been deformed with time. So I worked on this problem.

Slip down

Since the height of the "Mother's Motherland" is great, and the figure is on the clay soil, which is slow, but invariably slides to the Volga, then experts scored alarm. After all, the statue can collapse. She was so shifted at 214 mm. And this is almost 80 percent of the permissible initial calculations. But experts say: the planned strength is not yet exhausted.

It was planted this project to deviate in 272 mm. Yes, and its foundation was deformed slightly. The only rules have left only 90 mm. After the next restoration, the monument will last long.

Sculpture "Motherland-Mother calls!" - The composite center of the monument-ensemble "Heroes of the Stalingrad Battle" on Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd. One of the highest statues of the world.

A huge hill rises above the sorrow area, which matures the main monument - Motherland Mother. This is a bulk kurgan with a height of about 14 meters, in which the remains of 34,505 soldiers are buried - Stalingrad defenders. A serpentine track is leading to the top of the hill to the motherland of the mother, along which 35 granite tombstones of the Heroes of the Soviet Union, participants of the Stalingrad battle are located. From the foot of the mound to its vertex, the serpentine consists of exactly 200 granitate steps 15 and 35 cm wide - by the number of days of the Stalingrad battle.

Mamaev Kurgan in the winter of 1945. In the foreground - a broken German cannon Cancer 40.

End point path - monument "Motherland is called!", composite center of the ensemble, the highest point of Kurgan. Its dimensions are huge - the height of the figure is 52 meters, and the total height of the Mother Motherland - 85 meters (Together with the sword). For comparison, the height of the famous statue of freedom without pedestal is only 45 meters. At the time of the construction of Motherland, the mother was the highest statue in the country and in the world. Later, the Kiev Motherland-Mother is 102 meters high. Today, the highest statue in the world is the 120-meter Buddha Statue, built in 1995 and located in Japan, in the city of Chuchur. The total weight of the mother's motherland is 8 thousand tons. In his right hand, she holds a steel sword, the length of which is 33 meters, and the weight is 14 tons. Compared with the growth of man, the sculpture is increased 30 times. The thickness of the reinforced concrete walls of the Motherland is only 25-30 centimeters. It was cast by a layer of a layer using a special formwork from plaster materials. Inside the rigidity of the frame is supported by the system from more than hundreds of cables. The monument is not fastened with the foundation, keeps the force of gravity. Motherland Mother stands on a plate with a height of only 2 meters, which rests on the main foundation height of 16 meters, but it is almost not visible - most of it is hidden under Earth. To enhance the effect of the monument at the peak point of Kurgan, an artificial embankment of 14 meters high was made.

Stalingrad, Mamaev Kurgan. In the foreground, Renault Ue Chenillette is a light French armored personnel carrier, which was in service with the Wehrmacht.

As soon as in Stalingrad, acknowledged canonade, a grateful country thought about how the monument to the creators of this great victory should be. Drawings and sketches sent not only professionals, but also people of completely different professions. Some sent them to the Academy of Arts, others in the State Defense Committee, someone personally comrade Stalin. Moreover, everyone saw the future monument to grandiose, unprecedented sizes, under the meaning of the victory itself.

The All-Union Competition announced immediately after the war. All prominent Soviet architects participated. The results led ten years later. Although few people doubted that the winner of the Stalinist Prize Evgeny Vuchetich would win. By that time, he had already created a memorial in the Berlin Trept-Park and enjoyed the confidence of the first persons of the state. On January 23, 1958, the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to start the construction of an ensemble monument at Mamaev Kurgan. In May 1959, the construction was boiled.

In his work, Vuchetich turned three times to the topic of a sword - the sword raises his motherland on Mamaev Kurgan, calling to expel the conquerors; The sword destroys the fascist swastika Winner in the Berlin Treps-Park; The sword varies on the plow worker in the composition "Skid Swords on Oral", expressing the desire of people of goodwill to fight for disarmament in the name of the celebration of the world on the planet. This sculpture was presented to the collaboration of the United Nations and was established before the headquarters in New York, and its copy is the Volgograd Plant Gas Equipment, in whose workshops their motherland was born). Born by this sword was in Magnitogorsk (during the war of the war, every third projectile and every second tank was made of Magnitogorsk metal), where the "Rear-Front" monument was installed.

During the construction of the monument motherland A lot of changes have been made to the finished project. Few people know that initially at the top of Mamaeva Kurgan at the pedestal was to stand the sculpture of mother's motherland with a red banner and a knee-free fighter (according to some versions, the author of this project was Ernst Unknown). Two monumental staircases were conducted to the monument at the initial plan. But subsequently, Vuchetich changed the basic idea of \u200b\u200bthe monument. After the Stalingrad battle, the country had to have another 2 years of bloody battles and was still far from victory. Vuchetich left the mother-mother one, now she called her sons to start a victorious expulsion of the enemy.

He removed the pompous pedestal of Mother's Motherland, practically repeated the one on which his winner soldier stands in the Trept-Park. Instead of monumental stairs (which, by the way, were already built), the Mother's Mother's Mother has a serpentine track. Motherland itself "grown" with regard to the original size - her height reached 36 meters. But this option did not become final. Soon after the end of the work on the foundation of the main monument of Vuchetich (on the task of Khrushchev) increases the size of the mother's motherland to 52 meters. Because of this, builders had to urgently "prigore" the foundation, for which 150 thousand tons of land were put in the mound.

In the Timiryazevsky district of Moscow, in the country of Vuchetich, where his workshop was located and today - the architect house-museum - you can see the working sketches: the reduced mock-up molding layout, as well as the mock of the head of the statue in full size.

In a sharp, a rapid fit in the mounds rose in the mound. With a sword in his hands, she calls for their sons to defend the Fatherland. The right leg of her leg is slightly reserved back, the torso and head are vigorously deployed to the left. The face is harsh and volitional. Shifted eyebrows, wide open, screaming mouth bloomed by winds short hair, strong hands, body shape long dress bloated by the winds of the wind shakes - all this creates a feeling of strength, expression and insurmountable desire forward. Against the background of a skyskle, she is similar to the bird soaring in the sky.

The sculpture of mother's motherland looks perfectly from all sides at any time of the year: in the summer, when the Kurgan is covered with a solid herbal carpet, and a winter evening - a light, illuminated spotlights. The majestic statue, speaking on the background of the dark blue sky, as if grows from Kurgan, merging with his snowy cover.

abote Sculptor E. V. Vuchetich and Engineer N. V. Nikitin is a multi-meter figure of a woman, stepped forward with a raised sword. The statue is an allegorical way of the Motherland, which is the name of his sons to fight with the enemy. In the artistic sense, the Statue is a modern interpretation of the image of an ancient goddess of Victory Niki, who calls on its sons and daughters to fight the enemy, continue further offensive.

Construction of the monument was started in May 1959 and completed on October 15, 1967. Sculpture at the time of creation was the highest than the world in the world. Restoration work on the main monument of the ensemble monument was carried out twice: in 1972 and 1986, in particular in 1972 the sword was replaced.

Valentine Isotova was a prototype of sculpture (on other information Peshkov Anastasia Antonovna, a graduate of the Barnaul Pedagogical School of 1953).

68-year-old Valentina Isotova was a model in creating the famous Russian Mother Mother Memorial. For almost 40 years she did not say that he participated in its creation.

Could I refuse when sculptors asked me to pose for a statue in memory of the huge losses incurred by the Red Army in Stalingrad? But I was horrified when they stated that I should pose nude.

It was the beginning of the 1960s, and decent women did not undress in any way but their husbands. Artists, even such respected and famous, as Lev Mainrenko, who worked on a memorial, did not mean anything for a 26-year-old woman.

I turned to me. I worked as a waitress in the main restaurant of the city of Volgograd - he is now there - and usually served the hall reserved for high-ranking party functionaries and delegations. Lev said that I am beautiful and embody all the physical and moral qualities of an ideal Soviet woman. Finally, I was flattered, how else?

Curiosity took up, and I agreed to pose. None of us and ideas had some famous "Motherland-Mother". Volgograd (former Stalingrad) is known for this sculpture as well as the battle-walked here.

My husband did not like that I would pose a group of artists sent from Moscow. He was terribly jealous and drove me for each session to the studio, which they arranged on the old plant of gas apparatuses.

After some time, it became the same work as any other, I almost did not think about what was standing in a swimsuit, and I was glad that I was paid three rubles a day, because then it was a decent amount. But only six months later I was finally filed on the sculptors of sculptors to remove the bra and expose the chest. But it was all. I was unshakable in my determination to keep the remnants of modesty and not to pose quite naked. It was unthinkable.

No one except relatives and closest friends did not know about it. Shortly after the sessions ended, I went to receive the first higher education: I have two diplomas - an economist and engineer. Then I left Volgograd and began to live and work in Norilsk.

After the opening of the Memorial in 1967, I thought about it a little and lived my life.

In October 2010, work began to ensure the security of the statue.

The sculpture is made of pre-stressed reinforced concrete blocks - 5,500 tons of concrete and 2400 tons of metal structures (without base on which it costs).

The overall height of the monument is 85-87 meters. It is installed on a concrete foundation of 16 meters deep. The height of a female figure is 52 meters (mass - over 8 thousand tons).

The statue stands on the plate with a height of only 2 meters, which rests on the main foundation. This foundation is 16 meters high, but it is almost not visible - most of it is hidden under the ground. Statue stands freely on the plate, like a chess piece on the board.

The thickness of the reinforced concrete walls of the sculpture is only 25-30 centimeters. Inside, the entire statue consists of individual cell cells, like rooms in the building. The rigging of the frame is supported by ninety-nine metal cables that are constantly in tension.

A sword is 33 meters long and a weight of 14 tons was originally made of stainless steel, covered with titanium sheets. The huge mass and high sailboat of the sword caused by its colossal sizes caused a strong swinging of the sword when exposed to wind loads, which led to an excessive mechanical stress in the place of attachment of the hand holding a sword to the body of sculpture. The deformation of the design of the sword also caused the movement of the sheets of titanium trim, creating an unpleasant sound of a rattling metal. Therefore, in 1972, the blade was replaced by another - entirely consisting of fluorinated steel - and in the upper part of the sword there were holes that allowed to reduce its sailboat. The reinforced concrete structure of the sculpture was strengthened in 1986 on the recommendation of the NIIZB expert group under the leadership of R. L. Gray.

There are very few similar sculptures in the world, for example, the statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Motherland-Mother in Kiev, a monument to Peter I in Moscow. For comparison, the height of the statue of freedom from a pedestal is 46 meters.

The most complex calculations of the stability of this design were made by Dr. Technical Sciences N. V. Nikitin - the author of the calculation of the sustainability of the Ostankino television. At night, the statue is illuminated by spotlights.

"The horizontal displacement of the upper part of the 85 meter monument currently amounted to 211 millimeters or 75% of the permissible calculations. Deviations go from 1966. If from 1966 to 1970, the deviation was 102 millimeters, then from 1970 to 1986 - 60 millimeters, until 1999 - 33 millimeters, from 2000-2008 - 16 millimeters, "the State Historical and Memorial Museum-Reserve said the director of FGUK" Stalingrad Battle "" Alexander Velichkin.

Interesting Facts

The sculpture of "Mother's Mother" is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the biggest sculpture-statue in the world at that time. Its height is 52 meters, hand length - 20 and sword - 33 meters. The total height of the sculpture is 85 meters. The weight of the sculpture is 8 thousand tons, and the sword is 14 tons (for comparison: the statue of freedom in New York in the height of 46 meters; the statue of the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro is 38 meters). At the moment, the statue ranks 11th in the list of the highest statues of the world.
Vuchetical told Andrei Sakharov: "I am asked the authorities, why her mouth opened, because it is ugly. I answer: she screams - for their homeland ... Your mother! - shut up. "
There is a legend, according to which a person was lost shortly after creating a sculpture; After that, no one seen him. But this is only a legend
The silhouette of the sculpture "Motherland-Mother" was taken as a basis for the development of the coat of arms and the flag of the Volgograd region

In the course of construction, Vuctech has repeatedly made changes to the project. A little-known fact: at first the main monument of the ensemble should look completely different. At the top of Kurgan, the author wanted to put the sculpture of Mother's Motherland with a red banner and a cranked fighter. On the initial plan, two monumental stairs were conducted. They managed to build when Vuchetich went to Khrushchev, the then leader of the country, and convinced him that it would be better if people would rise to the serpentine path.

But this is not all the changes that Master has introduced the finished project. About how it all happened, I was told by Valentina Klyushin, the former years of the Deputy Director of the Memorial. In the years of creating the complex, she worked in the Volgograd City Executive Committee and supervised the construction site.

- "Motherland-mother" Vuchetich decided to leave one. He removed the pompous pedestal, practically repeating the one on which his winner soldier stands in the Trept-Park. The main figure began above - 36 meters. But this option existed for long. As soon as the builders managed to make a foundation, as the author increased the size of the sculpture. Up to 52 meters! In the competition, the superpower was necessary that the chief monument of the USSR was higher than the American Statue of Freedom. I had to urgently "prigore" the foundation so that it can stand the 85-meter (together with the sword) sculpture, weighing 8 thousand tons. In the mound, then lay 150 thousand tons of land. And since the deadlines were pressed, a military battalion was allocated to help the brigades.

Validation came out with the current hall of military glory. It was assumed to install the panorama cloth. As soon as the "box" of the building was built, vuchetical decides that the panorama must be placed separately. What then did. And in the finished building around the perimeter of the walls there are mosaic banners with the names of the fallen defenders of the city. This question quickly spent quickly through the CPSU Central Committee.

With these most banners, there was also confusion. This is what Koshev told:

Worked with Mosaic Masters from Leningrad. And the art glass was supplied from the Ukrainian city of Lisichansk. Mosales laid out the interior as the material arrives. When everything was ready and removed the forests, everything was abuned. Tone on the wall was so distinguished that she resembled a chessboard. The term of delivery of the object was approached. And nothing remained anything, how to call "upstairs". This time Brezhnev. He immediately scored a rustle to the first secretary of the Central Committee of Ukraine and explained to him. In short, in a few days the car was taken to Volgograd a new glass.

Now imagine: in the courtyard June, it remains four months before the opening of the memorial. And it is necessary to restore the forests again, prepare and lay more than a thousand square meters of multi-colored glass pieces. The legendary commander of the 62nd Army of Vasily Chuikov very much helped here. By, by the way, he had a chief certificate of the project. At the disposal of the Staff of construction, 500 soldiers were submitted. Worked fighters in Stakhanovsky. After three weeks, the interior of the hall found a conceived appearance.

But these are not all the difficulties that the creators of the complex collided. In one of the spring days of the same 1967, the critical situation was formed with a 33-meter sword.

... As usual, the chief engineer Volgogradhrostroy Yuri Abramov in the morning went to work at the headquarters. On the way he came across a flock of boys arguing ... Why is it so strong swinging the sword in the hand of "Motherland"? Abramov raised his head and was horrified. Immediately conducted a RAM, and the next day the Special Commission came from Moscow. Soon it turned out that the designers did not take into account these perennial observations of the Rose of Winds. So it turned out that the sword turned out to be deployed in relation to the wind. I urgently had to make a few holes in it so that he could freeze freely. In addition, the Commission generally recommended replacing a heavy titanium sword on a lighter steel.

At the finish of construction, 50 powerful spotlights needed to highlight the sculpture. They could not get them anywhere. The country at that time was preparing to celebrate the 50th anniversary of October - and everything that was produced, it went to Moscow and Leningrad in difficultakers. The key was sent to the capital to the chairman of the MOSCORSPOLCOM. He said that Moscow is not able to help. And advised to travel to the manufacturer. And Klychev rushed to the city of Gusev, which in the Kaliningrad region. The director of "Electomasha" on request, too, only spread his hands. Then he thought and suggested Valentine to perform the factory radio before the workers and ask them to work on above the norm. Organized two additional shifts and searchlights "Sair" went to Volgograd. On October 15, 1967, the monument of the ensemble was solemnly open.

Eight years and five months continued construction. Almost forty years is a memorial. He always looked worthy. Even when everything in the country collapsed and came into disrepair, the grass was neatly trimmed in the mound. But only people working here know what this order costs. And how do you have to beat the money from the authorities of all ranks to patch and repair a huge unique farm.

Someone inadvertently expressed that, they say, "Mother's Mother" was so tilted that he could soon fall. Fuck it. "Any construction of this type," says the director of the memorial, retired Vladimir Berlov, - can bend. It is even stipulated by designers. For example, the project of our monument is designed to deviate 272 millimeters. Figure, - continues Berlov - constantly examined for the formation of cracks, roughness, its position is analyzed. And the analysis of concrete chips conducted in the German laboratory showed an excellent condition of the design and the presence of the necessary stock of the strength. From the inside it is supported by 99 tension ropes. Believe me, the director argues, this system will not allow the monument to put it up to a critical level. "

You can take a walk with Sergey Shares inside the monument

And here is a walk with Artemia Lebedev

At the end of June 1941, he saw the light, perhaps the main graphic work of the Great Patriotic War, which was included in all history textbooks - Poster Irakli Tidze "Motherland-Mother calls." According to his own recognition of the artist, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a collective image of a mother calling for helping his sons came into his head completely accidentally. Hearing the first message of Sovinformbüro about the attack of fascist Germany in the USSR, the spouse Tidza ran into his workshop with a cry of "War!". An expression of her face, the artist ordered his wife to stop and immediately began to make sketches of the future masterpiece. In the future, the very concept of "Mother Mother" became almost the cornerstone of the whole Soviet propaganda, embodied in countless imitation and swinging into related fields of visual arts, including monumental.

] sources
http://www.volgastars.ru.
http://www.glavagosudarstva.ru.
http://waralbum.ru.

The original article is on the site Inforos Link to an article with which this copy is made -