)). The population is 1.1 thousand people (2004), with a region of Fontchi and 4.5 thousand people.
Oceanographic Museum (1910, Architect Deforphyry) is a scientific base of the International Institute of Oceanography in Paris. For many years, the director of the museum was Jacques-Yves Kusto (cm. Kusto Jacques Yves). Library of the oceanographic museum (over 30 thousand volumes). Library of the Princely Palace (over 120 thousand volumes). Museum of the Old Monaco, Museum of Vacific Shapes of the Prince of Monaco, Napoleon Museum. Archive (historical Documents of the Principality with 13 V., Collections of postage stamps and monaco coins from 1640). Meteorological station and seismological observatory. Every year in Monaco, one of the grades of the Grand Prix of Formula 1 is held (cm. Formula 1 (automotive)) (Monaco Grand Prix).
The city of Monaco, located on the flat platform of the cliff with a height of 60 m, covered by cactus and African vegetation, as a whole, retained the medieval appearance.
The historic center of Monaco is the Princely Palace Complex (13-19 centuries). To protect against the Genoesers, French and Spaniards, on the rock in the 13th century. At the very beginning of the Board of the genus Grimaldi (cm. Grimaldi (family)) The castle was built. Prince Onor II (1597-1662) took the first steps to turn this fortified castle to the palace. All military devices were preserved, but the inner chambers were rebuilt for more convenient housing. Later, the palace was repeatedly restored and upgraded.
Among the personal chambers of the ruling family, a very beautiful Italian style gallery, decorated with wall painting, salons, a throne hall, in which from 16 century. There are all solemn ceremonies. In the southern wing of the palace there is a museum of Napoleon and the archive. The area in front of the palace is surrounded by a battery of guns, cast in the era of Louis XIV (cm. Louis XIV Bourbon).
On the northeastern tip of the cliff rises the fortress of early 18 V. - Fort Antoine, built by Prince Antoine I. Now the fortress is used as an open theater for 350 spectators.
Old city of very small sizes. Preserved residential buildings 16-18 centuries. On the square of the city hall is the chapel of La Miserikord (Mercy of God), built in 1635 as a place for assembly of the brotherhood of swinging sinners. The first abbot of the church was Prince Onor II. The chapel stores the wooden sculpture of Christ, made by the Mega-Francis-Joseph Bosio, the personal sculptor of the emperor Napoleon I Bonaparte (cm. Napoleon I Bonaparte).
At the site of the old church of St. Nicholas (13th century), from which the altar was preserved, painted in 16 V. The artist Louis Brea, a white cathedral was erected (1874-98, Architect Sh. Lenorman) in Pseudoromanian style. The columns are made of granite and porphyran of various shades, and the altar - from Carrara (cm. Carrara) marble. Members of the genus Grimaldi are buried in the cathedral.
In the Gardens of St. Martin among the pines, Agav and Aloe house fountains and bronze statues, one of them - the monument to Albert I.
Fontchi
In the west, Monaco is the Fontvieille area, the entire coastal part of which is an artificially created worm area.
Maritime Museum (the history of shipbuilding development, about 180 models of famous ships), a collection of vintage cars of Prince Monaco (about 100 cars of old models of the most prestigious brands). Zoological garden (since 1954). Louis II Stadium (1985, 20 thousand places). Filter landscape park (4 hectares area) with a rosary of Princess Grace (opened in 1984, more than 5 thousand pink bushes more than 150 varieties).
encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .
Watch what is "Monaco (Capital)" in other dictionaries:
Monaco (Capital) - Monaco. View of the palace. Monaco, the capital of the state of Monaco. 3 thousand inhabitants. Port on the Mediterranean Sea. Souvenir production. Oceanographic museum with a unique aquarium, a prehistoric anthropology museum. Tourism. Known from the 13th century Preserved ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary
Monaco (Monaco), the capital of Monaco Principality. Port, resort on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. About 2 thousand inhabitants (1961). Historical center M. Princely Palace (13 19th centuries). Among the later buildings, the Pseudorshansky Cathedral (1874 98, Architect Sh. ... ...
State in south. Europe, on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, is surrounded by the territory of France. Rome is mentioned. authors at the turn of n. e. As a place of cult of Hercules AGH or Portus Monoecus, where Monoecus Greek. Lonely living (one of the nicknames of Hercules), Latin. ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia
Monaco (Monaco), the Principality of Monaco, the state in Southern Europe, on the shores of the Ligurian Sea (see Ligurian Sea) (parts of the Mediterranean Sea (see the Mediterranean Sea)), protected from the North and East Alps (see Alps). From sushi, the country is surrounded by ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary
MONACO - Monaco, the capital of the Principality of Monaco, divides the small territory of the country (1.95 km2) with two other cities in Monaco La Condamin and Monte Carlo. Principality of Monaco is located in Southern Europe, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea (the length of the owned monaco ... ... cities and countries
Monaco: Monaco State in Europe Monaco Football Club from Monaco, speaking in the France Championship Toponym Monaco Capital State Monaco Surname Monaco, Kelly (born 1976) American actress and fashion model ... ... Wikipedia
Monaco (Monaco), a state in southern Europe, on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, with land surrounded by the territory of France. Area 1.5 km2. The population is about 25 thousand people. (1973), including 4.5 thousand nationals M. Megaskov, over 15 thousand French ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Monaco, the capital of the state of Monaco. 3 thousand inhabitants. Port on the Mediterranean Sea. Souvenir production. Oceanographic museum with a unique aquarium, a prehistoric anthropology museum. Tourism. Known from the 13th century Preserved residential neighborhoods and ... ... Modern encyclopedia
The capital of the state of Monaco, on the Mediterranean. OK. 4 thousand inhabitants. Oceanographic institute with museum and aquarium. Anthropological prehistoric museum. Residential neighborhoods (16 18 centuries), Princely Palace (13 19th centuries), Capella La Miserikord (17 century) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
This term has other meanings, see Monaco (Values). Principality of Monaco FR. PrinciPauté de Monaco ... Wikipedia
Books
- Cote d'Azur. Guide
- Cote d'Azur. Guide, Boris, Betaki Vasily, Elena Kassel. Cote d'Azur. Marseille, Cassis, Toulon, Yer, Saint-Tropez, Cannes, Antibes, Biot, Cany-sur-Mer, Grass, Vanz, Nice, Ez, Monaco, Menton, Arles. Guide. The new edition of the azure guidebook ...
Monaco is the second smallest country in the world after the Vatican. For more than 700 years, the Grimaldi family is managed. The principality located on the seashore has a colorful past, but now it is a quiet shelter for rich and famous, which enjoy the status of "tax without taxes."
The picturesque coastal country attracts tourists all year round. Guests of Monaco alternate rest on the beach with international races in sports, and evenings spend in Place du Casino. This gambling center made Monte Carlo known as a place for extravagant demonstrations of his wealth. Weissious people, ready to spend millions, and ordinary tourists - everyone finds a common language in Monaco. More information about the country is presented below.
History of the Principality of Monaco.
This secluded harbor was originally settled in the Greeks in 6 G. BC. e. The legend states that Hercules once passed through Monaco, and the temple of Monoikos was built in his honor. Historically, this country was part of France, but in 1215 it became the colony of Genoa by decree of Emperor Grimaldi settled here in 1297, and the family ancestors control the principality to the present day.
In 1419, Grimaldi's family acquired Monaco from France. Since then, the principality was protected by Spain, Italy and Sardinia. In 1793, French revolutionary troops seized Monaco and held up to 1814. Today there is a constitutional monarchy in the country, but the principality is under the protectorate of France.
Prince Rainier and Grace Kelly
In 1949, Prince Rainier III ascended Monaco's throne. In 1956, he married an excellent American actress Grace Kelly. This event has become a turning point not only in her professional career, but also in the life of the entire principality. The famous actress at the peak of popularity left cinema for marriage. This news stuck not only Hollywood, but the rest of the world. This event brought fame to the principality. Previously, it was told only as a place in which Monaco Grand Prix is \u200b\u200bheld in the Formula 1 championship. Now the views of the rich and famous, chained to Grace Kelly, turned to the small principality. Having received the title of princesses, the actress put her strength to promote arts. It brought the charm of a small country and contributed to its economic and cultural development. They had three common children: Caroline, Albert and Stephanie.
The sudden death of Grace Kelly in a car accident in 1982 was a shock that was reflected worldwide. Movies were removed about her life and books were written, and death is still enveloped by the secret, around which the theories of conspiracies are being built. Prince Rainier III continued to manage Monaco after her death and was a respected monarch. He no longer married and died in 2005, leaving the throne to his son, Prince Albert II.
Modern status
The capital of the Principality of Monaco is the city of the same name. The form of the Board is a constitutional monarchy. The economy holds on tourism, gambling and banking services. The absence of income tax attracts many rich inhabitants. Banking industry and money management bring 16% of income and play an important role in the economy. Besides, it is famous for its casino, whose visitors come out from all over the world to play elite establishments. Tourism is about 25% of income, and the country is proud of its hospitality and excellent cuisine. The wonderful Mediterranean climate attracts travelers who want to enjoy the Sea Monaco.
Climate
Monaco is located on the Mediterranean Sea and is surrounded by France from three sides. Nice is the closest major city, the distance to which is about 18 km. The terrain is quite rocky, located on the steep hills, which descend to the sea. The climate is mild all year round, the temperature varies from 8 to 26 degrees Celsius.
Monaco divided into four quarters:
- Monaco-Ville is the old town, which is located on the rocky cape.
- La Kondamin - Waterfront.
- Monte Carlo is the main resort, residential and tourist area.
- Fonvay - a new plot built on wetland.
Monaco population
More than a quarter of the country's population are French citizens. Little, but a significant number is the Italians, Swiss and Belgians. One fifth part - MONEGANI, representatives of the indigenous population,
Monegski is proud of the unique history and the position of their country in the world. It is believed that the name of Monaco comes from the word "Monoikos", associated with both the ancient Greeks and Ligurians. Ligurians settled on the Mediterranean coast before the era of the Roman Empire. The coastal road used by Ligurians later became known as the "Hercules road". In Greek, Hercules was often called "Hercules Monoikos" or "Hercules". Monegski managed to preserve their traditions and a dialect over the centuries, despite their impact of their much larger neighbors. They are reflected in many local festivals and is part of the world famous monaco. However, only a small part of the citizens can call themselves with Megecis. The rest are people of different nationalities.
Languages \u200b\u200bof Monaco
Tourists who want to visit this country, becomes more every year. They are probably interested in what language they speak Monaco. This is a multinational country, but the greatest impact on it was provided by France. Therefore, it is not surprising that the state language of Monaco became French. This is the language of management, business, education and media.
The fundamental is talking on Monegas, and it is he who is considered traditional. It is largely similar to Italian. Only about 21.6% of the population, which are mainly ethnic coat, speak this language. And although the authorities are trying to preserve their native adverbs, its use is reduced every year. By the 1970s, the language was on the verge of extinction, but several projects started by the Government of Monaco helped raise his status. Currently, schools are trained in this language, and street signs do in two versions: in French and Monegas. Another traditional language of Monaco is oxitian. Currently, it is only a small part of the country's population.
In addition to the above languages, Italian and English are popular here. This is not surprising, because Italians make up about 19% of the country's population. For some time, Italian was even the official language of Monaco (between 1815 and 1861), when the principality was under the Sardinia Protector. Some members of the Princely Family speak Italian. English is mainly used by citizens of Great Britain, USA and Canada, permanently residing in the country. The state language of Monaco is French, but English here remains the most popular among tourists.
Culture
Throughout the history, the neighbors of Monaco (France, Italy and Spain) had a huge influence on the principality. Therefore, elements of their cultures are traced in art. The Constitution admits religious freedom, but the greatest part of the population consider themselves supporters of the Roman Catholic Church (about 78% of citizens).
The ruling family of Grimaldi played an important role in promoting culture and art in Monaco. The city boasts an exquisite architecture. Visitors will find an amazing many world-class galleries, where they will be able to visit musical performances throughout the year. Many of them are supported by the members of the princely family. In addition, Grimaldi has created many charitable organizations, including the Princess Grace Funds (which also supports the Dance Academy), Prince Pierre (Financing of Culture and Art) and Prince Albert II (Environmental Protection).
Kitchen Monaco
Access to fresh vegetables, fruits and seafood has determined the features of local cuisine. In addition, food reflects the Mediterranean heritage of the country, and the influence of French and Italian cuisine can be found in many recipes.
Each of numerous restaurants serves fine dishes from seafood. Among them is dominated by cod and anchovies. Warm climate allows you to complement the fish with local vegetables. Separately, it is worth highlighting onions, garlic and olives (or olive oil), which are included in many dishes. As a rule, breakfast is very small, but for lunch and dinner are often served for several dishes - this tradition firmly arrived in Monaco. Reviews about restaurants are purely positive, because the owners are afraid of losing rich customers, support the service at the highest level.
What to visit in Monaco?
The main attraction of the Principality is a Casino Monte Carlo, which is a huge entertainment complex located in the same area. It includes a casino and opera house. The famous French architect Carl Garnier built a casino in 1878. Atrium, laid in marble, is surrounded by 28 ion columns. It leads to the audience of Opera Sal Garnier, decorated with plenty of bas-reliefs, frescoes and sculptures. Already more than a century there are outstanding international performances, as well as operas, ballets and concerts. Game Rooms include a number of numerous rooms with stained glass windows, delicious jewelry and sculptures, allegoric paintings and bronze lamps.
The Oceanographic Museum, the director of which was the legendary researcher of the aquatic depths of Jacques-Yves Kusto. This exceptional museum is dedicated to oceanography. His collections of sea fauna, collected by Prince Albert I, are invaluable and unique. The last large-scale acquisition of the museum is a giant pool of 450 cubic meters, which shows the variety and unusual color of coral reef and creatures that inhabit it.
The Cathedral of St. Nicholas serves as a tomb of past Governors of Monaco, including Prince Rainier and Princess Grace. Services are carried out during the great liturgical celebrations accompanied by organ music.
The Princely Palace of Monaco today is home to the son and successor to Prince Rainier - Prince Albert II. State halls are open to the public in the summer. Since 1960, the Palace Courtyard has become a venue for the open-air concerts represented by the Monte Carlo philharmonic orchestra. It also opens for important events, for example, to celebrate weddings or birthdays in the family of Grimaldi. The assembled citizens of Monaco turn to the prince from the Hercules Gallery, overlooking the square. The courtyard is also used to hold an annual for children. Thanks to such events, the palace continues to play a central role in the life of the prince and its subjects for 700 years.
Fort Antoine is a fortress built at the beginning of the XVIII century. Now it is used as a wonderful outdoor theater capable of accommodating about 350 spectators. In this charming atmosphere, numerous ideas are held in the summer season. Military architecture of this watchtower and gives it a unique and special charm.
The numerous attractions of the Principality of Monaco is impressive even the most demanding tourist.
In addition to holding the famous Grand Prix and the presence of a luxurious Casino "Monte Carlo", there are no less interesting facts about this country that do not everyone knows:
- Monaco is often called Europe's tax harbor. For decades, the country lived exclusively on income from its casino. Currently, thanks to the efforts of the government, tourism has become the main source of profit.
- If you want to go to the city of Monaco, then you can get to it by train, your helicopter or yacht, but not on a private plane. There are no airports, and the nearest of them is located in Nice. Fortunately, Monaco and France are 30 minutes away from each other.
- The descendants of Francois Grimaldi, the Genoese leader of the Guelfov, are managed by Monaco more than 712 years. This explains why most citizens are Catholics.
- Monaco is open for tourists at any time of the year - every month something happens here. From the exclusive concerts of the Philharmonic Monte Carlo outdoors to sporting events, such as the famous Grand Prix Formula 1.
- The elegant facade and interiors in the Monte Carlo casino were the place of filming of three films about James Bond, namely "Casino Royal", "Golden Eye" and "Never say never."
- The crime rate in Monaco is very low. This is mainly due to the fact that there is more police officers for a person than in any other country. In addition, the principality is a large number of video surveillance cameras to prevent criminal activities.
- Here is almost zero unemployment. There is also no poverty in the country.
- Do not be surprised if you find out that Monaco's citizens are forbidden to play and even visit the casino. The rule is established by the government of the country, which does not want his citizens to spend their money inust. Casino is a source of income for the country and ensures the work of its inhabitants.
- Formula 1 Grand Prix is \u200b\u200bone of the main events that the country holds every year.
- In 2014, almost 30% of the monaco population were millionaires - just like in Zurich or Geneva.
Geographical position
Principality of Monaco - A small country located in a picturesque corner, in the south of Europe, 10 kilometers from the border of two major states of France and Italy. One side Principality limits Cote d'Azur Mediterranean Sea. On the other hand Border lies with France. On the territory of Monaco just passes the joint between the seaside alps and the azure coast. Total area of \u200b\u200bthe country make up 1,98 square kilometers. Part of this area was previously shore of the sea. Relief area hilly.
Principality of Monaco is four spontaneous cities. it capital Monaco, ancient city with the same name, Monte Carlo, favorite leisure place of world star elite, La Condamin, business Center and Sea Port, Fonvay, industrial District.
The geographical location of the country is very successful. The seaside Alps reliably protect the principality from the cold northern winds. The coast of the Mediterranean attracts celebrities to relax here. Amazing Bay Beauty is one of the advantages of the principality. Large square in the country occupy artificial green plantings, parks, squares. For this reason, many rightly consider Monaco to be a paradise garden.
Climate in Monaco softHe has to rest throughout the year. In summerhere Hot dry weather. Air temperature reaches 25-30 Degree. There are practically no precipitation. Winter temperature Do not fall below -3 Degree. BUT average temperature in the country during this period is +10 - 11 degree. Rain - a rare thing. They go mainly in autumn or in winter. General the average annual amount of precipitation less than 1300 mm. In such a fertile climate, the residents of the Principality of Monaco are obliged to seaside Alps. It is they who hide the country from adverse cold currents of air masses moving from the north of Europe.
Due to dry and warm climate in the country grows large number of exotic plants. it dwarf palm trees, figs, olivesAs well as other characteristic representatives of the Mediterranean flora. Meet here Oak, Samshet, Pine, Juniper. On the slopes of the Alpine Mountains stretched meadow xerophytic herbal. Thickets of low shrubs can also be found on the slopes. Residents of Monaco cultivate plants delivered from other countries and continents. it bananas, Citrus, Agave, Cacti, Eucalyptus. On the territory of cities a large number of gardens and parks. In general, more 20% The area of \u200b\u200bthe principality occupy vegetable land.
Visas, entry rules, customs regulations
In order to cross the Border of Monaco, it is necessary schengenor French visa. It can be obtained in the French embassy on the basis of an invitation. For visa design required The passport is valid for 4 months from the moment of entry, the general passport, a certificate of work, indicating the average monthly income, positions and dates for employment, filled out a questionnaire, with a photo attached to it 3 * 4, invitation, and also A document indicating the solvency of the exit.
Basic requirements for entering The country is the presence of tickets there and back, insurance nets at least $ 30,000, and tourists need to have a reservation in the hotel. If there is a private invitation, a one-time visa is issued. It can be valid from 1 to 90 days. Valid term of a visa Depends on the type of invitation. For business trips, it is possible to request a multivorage. Before submitting documents to the embassy, \u200b\u200byou need to pay consular fees. The execution of documents in the embassy is required from two to three days to two weeks.
Customs rulesbut Monaco does not differ from those in other European countries. Number of cash imported into the country not limited. The amount of over 9 thousand euros need declare. Can be unhindered export No more than 200 cigarettes, 1 liter of strong alcoholic beverages, 2 liters of wine, 0.25 liters of toilet water. Allowed To carry animals but necessarily must be Help from the vet on the state of the health of the pet and the vaccinations made.
Population, political condition
In Monaco lives 31.7 thousandman according to 2000. The national composition is quite extensive. Most of the populationare french people. They are near 47% . Italiansby nationality - 16% residents of Monaco. Indigenous residents of the principality, mONEGANI, make up 16% population. By the density of the population of Monaco stands in the first place. This figure is superior to 16 thousand people per 1 square meter square. Official state language In Monaco - french. But running are also monegasi, English and Italian.
A little about the State Device of Monaco. it a constitutional monarchy. Head of State, prince, transmits its inheritance authority. If the back is missing, then According to a special agreement, Monaco becomes an autonomous state, and the protectorate will be France. Legislative function carries princeand parliament. As part of parliament 24 deputies. Its representatives can only be mONEGANIwho have reached 25 years. They are elected on the general elections on the principle of proportional representation for a period of 5 years. The role of executive power belongs Government council. It is going on demand at least twice a year. Prince takes part in this. Heads the Government CouncilState Minister, Representative of neighboring France. Judicial branch Based on the Code of Laws operating in France.
What to see
Residence by princely family, palace Grimaldi, Located on the top of the cliff. It was erected on the site of the old fortress built by the Genoese In 1215.. In the summer, the princely family in the departure, so it is possible to get inside. Before the princely palace spread palace Square. By its perimeter lined up guns cast during the reign of Louis XIV. Tourists are going to look here to watch the Karaul change ceremony.
Beautiful chapel of the Mercy of God - Monument XVII century. It was built specifically for meetings of members of the society of sinners. Unique creation stored in the chapel, - Wooden sculpture of Christ. It was created during Napoleon I.
Cathedral Monaco was built in 1875.. There are burials of all members of the princely surname. The cathedral is valid. Worships take place here in the days of Catholic holidays.
The Wax Museum Presents the princes of the princes, headed by the throne in the wax from the end of the XVIII century to the present day. The museum contains clothes and household items of different eras.
Oceanographic museum Built in modern style In 1910.. It contains the most interesting collections of the Flora and the fauna of the Mediterranean. In a huge underground room, you can admire the aquariums with the inhabitants of the sea depth living in them.
For a long time, the territory engaged in the Principality of Monaco at the present time, attracted conquerors. At first they were mastered phoenicians. Subsequently on this land settled genoeseca. AT 1215 The year they built the first fortress. This date can be considered the time of the foundation of the state. Noble ranks Provence We would also like to rule in Monaco to those distant days. But the Genoese approved as the head of their representative. It took place in 1419 year and marked the beginning of the reign of the genus Grimaldiowned to the present. Then the feudal principality of Monaco separated. Genoa only performed the function of the Protectorate.
During the period from 1524 to 1641 Year of Monaco belonged to Spain, then it passed into the power of France. After 1815 The princess was under the Protectorator of the Sardinian Kingdom. But it lasted only before 1861 of the year. Then everything returned to the circles.
AT 1863 a significant event occurred in the history of Monaco. In Monte Carlo, it was built First casino. It opened the era of gambling business in the principality. Here were the richest people in the world. Now casino - one of the main sources of income in Monaco.
AT 1911 year was created the first constitution. The state has become B. constitutional monarchy. Later B. 1962 the year has appeared a constitution that acts in Monaco to the present.
International trade
Principality of Monaco is known primarily as world Center for Tourism. Workplaces are much more than people living in the state, therefore unemployment level is very lowAnd most of the employers come from abroad (mainly from France and Italy). The wonderful climate contributes to the development of tourism and the large percentage of income in the state depends on it. Also very well developed banking sector. Low taxes make the principality of a very attractive detention for investment. Recently strongly began to evolvebuilding. Also well developedpharmaceutical, chemical, electronicand food industry, manufacture of wearing apparel, souvenir, fayans. etc., but the country does not have complicated agriculture. The absence of its own resources puts Monaco to a complete dependence on importation from abroad.
His foreign trade Principality of Monaco exercises with almost all countries of the European Union (58% exports and 45% import). The main foreign trade partners are Italy, United Kingdom, Spain, Germany and China. To a greater degree, the state dependsfrom Francebecause from there it imports electricity and water supply.
The shops
Here as in other tourist towns just incredible number of various shops and marketswhere you can buy souvenirs, ceramic products, pamper yourself with sweets and delicious chocolate. But adhering to a high level, Monaco acquired the status of an elite tourist place and therefore here you can meet boutiques of the most famous world brands. Bargain here not acceptedThis is lower than the merits of sellers, and no one wants to do this if you consider the level of tourists.
Monaco is designed for tourists to have fun, comfortably and comfortable. And since people come here to spend money on loved ones, it is necessary to match the level of a large tourist city. Like other similar cities you, of course, you can purchase the most different souvenirs.but only in Monaco can find stunning beauty products from ceramics, luxury crystals. Fans of flavorswill be able to pick up for themselves gorgeous spirits, but Sweetka. Bare yourself delicious fruit in sugar, sweets and chocolatewhich is produced on a chocolate factory Monaco. In addition to etodologies, a large number of boutiques representing the most famous brands of the world in the field of jewelry, clothes. A large number of antique shopswhere you can buy interesting thing, and even with a good discount. Also in Monaco there Two large shopping centersin which everyone will find something for themselves to taste. You can also purchase copies of designer thingsor JewelryThe price of which will seem just ridiculous compared to the originals presented in the next boutique. Walking through the streets, along which there are various shops around, you can plunge into the world of beauty and luxury, pamper yourself and enjoy hiking on these stores scored to failure to have all possible things.
Demography
Principality of Monacolocated on the azure coast of the Mediterranean Sea and bordered by land only with France. Square of the country make up 1.91 sq. Km.
No matter what in 1964 Principality increases its area on 20% (0.4 sq.km.) It remains The smallest country in the world, less than her only the Vatican.
Monaco consists of four cities: Monaco-capital, Monte Carlo, La Condaminand Fonvay. In the principality they live near 36,000 peoplethat turns Monaco into the most densely populated country in the world - about 18 thousand / sq. Km. T. how quarter of the population Natives Monaco, rest - foreigners. Most residents in the dwarf state french people (47% ), 16% Italians, 16% Monegaskov, in the rest 21% Part included representatives of more than 125 nationalities. In the ratio of a man - women a slight advantage has a gentle floor. average life expectancy- about 80 years old, regardless of this in the country is observed negative level of heard.
Official language In the principality French, but english, Italy and monegasi languages also widespread.
In the principality of Monaco proclaimed freedom of religionbut contrary to 90% population - Catholics.
Industry
In industry is working 12% occupied, in the service sector - 88% . In Monaco are developed Highindustries such as - electronic, Electrotechnical, chemical, pharmaceutical. Same develop: Accurate instrument making, production of building materials, fayans., ceramics. Significant place occupy trade, production of souvenirs and maintenance of tourists. The state has a high level of employment of the population and the standard of living. Present state monopoly on the telephone network activity, sale of tobacco products and post services. Monaco enterprises produce instruments and electronic nodes. This product Export exported to the countries of Europe and the USA. One of the main sources of income - travel business. Here Monaco is a huge hotel chainpossessing, by local standards, the highest classification. More significant industries - Production of cosmetics, Chemicals and Medicinal preparations. For any type of entrepreneurial activity need to getpermission of the administration. It is necessary to justify that the project will benefit the economy of the state. Very often happens, which refuse. With the outside world, the principality is connected, first of all, sea \u200b\u200bpaths. With France It is connected railway. Motorwayapply not only as a means of movement. On the embankments and curves streets Monte Carlo pass famous races.
Flora and fauna
Beautiful Mediterranean vegetation is a trademark of Monaco Principality. Here it is Exotic gardenwhere you can find one of the richest collections of cacti in the worldAs well as other plants from hot countries growing on steep rocks. In addition, it is held botanical studies of different plant species. In the old part of the city is japanese garden Square 7000 square metersLocated in accordance with the rules of arrangement of landscape parks in the country of the Rising Sun. District Foison proud is gorgeous rosarium Princess Grace. It is part of the so-called Landscape Park.
Underground aquariumwhose volume exceeds 400 cubic meters., Possible 60 poolsfilled with sea water and is a true masterpiece of modern architecture. It was founded in 1910 Prince Albert I.and with time, overgrown in a large scientific and tourist center. This is one of the few aquariums in the world., Where live CoralAnd as you know, they cannot live outside their natural environment. In the Principality of Monaco is also a great underwater reserveLarvotto.in which is contained some of the most exotic representatives of the underwater world.
Banks and money
There are no problems with public transport in Monaco. With very short intervals of time all day go buses, and the fare, in principle acceptable. Can be purchased ticketwhich per day will cost you in the area 4 Euro. In addition to these buses, especially for tourists runs small farry with trays, the main function of which To carry everyone to the main attractions of Monaco. Such a train costs a bit more expensive, but for half an hour drive you will familiarize yourself with all the best places. Take car rental In Monaco is easy for this necessary To have a driver's driver's license with you, which must comply with the international model. In addition, you should have more than 23 years old, and you must have a credit card with you. There are some expensive car models, with lease of which, you may require the presence of two credit cards. Upon presentation of a credit card from it may be removedalso additionally deposit, which is equal to the amount of rental car. This is because full calculationfor renting a car you will be produced only when you return it. Special difficulties on the roads of Monaco is not observed, movement is pretty calm and measured, also concerns all pedestrians, because Monaco has been established speed \u200b\u200bLimitin which drivers can not go more 50km / Ch.
Minerals
Someone can surprise what in Monaco no absolutely no mineralsUnless to consider mollusks that are only mined in order to satisfy the huge demand of tourists. And despite the lack of minerals, the influx of money in Monaco does not decrease, but on the contrary, it grows. This is due to the fact that Monaco's banks, like no other, can not so good customer's identity secretand in this country very Low taxesWhat I also greatly pleased. In addition, it is Magnificent resort, which the famous for his gambling clubsRecreation here attracts a large number of people who are ready to spend their capital for a luxurious vacation. But it is not necessary to assume that in addition to the resort, gambling and banks there are nothing more. On the contrary, Monaco gives high hopes related to development pharmaceutical industry, as well as Chemical and electronic industry. Well, of course, you can not forget about constructionbecause Monaco grows every year and flourishes. And yet Monaco is heavily Depends on imports from different countries. But, the positive side is that in Monaco Practically absent unemployedSince the country steps forward and it needs more and more workers.
Agriculture
Monaco on its territory occupies very little space, these country belong to category dwarf countries. Due to its climatic conditions, territorial position, proximity to France and the amazing magnificence of nature, Monaco has become an excellent tourist destinationwhere thousands of people from different countries are spending their weekend and many very different celebrities. It is due to the fact that Monaco is on a relatively small plot of land, the country cannot afford to grow agriculture seriously. Agriculture occupieshere just 6% all the industry of the country. All products are consumed within the country, nothing is exported, because such quantities are simply not enough to export. Here are engaged in growing sugar cane, coconutal palm, yamsa. Well, almost everything that this miniature beautiful country can afford. In addition, Monaco are engaged in animal husbandry, again in meager sizes and mostly small pets. Also put on a modest leg and fisheries. But the most interesting thing is pearl mining and pearl shellswho are in great demand among tourists. In principle, this is all that can afford Monaco. All major products the country receives by importing from other countries.
The main source of income In the Principality of Monaco is considered travel business. People come here from all countries, ready to spend their money so that it is wide and with a scope. A huge number of hotels and famous casinos attract the attention of all without exception, and especially very rich people. And it is precisely that in Monaco are mostly secured people, here It is customary to give tip.almost all: serving staff of hotels and hotels, waiters in restaurants and other establishments, guides, guides and taxi drivers. In restaurants, the amount of tips is already included in the accountBut some, especially generous leaves over the top of the tips. The same is the same with the taper service personnel in hotels and hotelsTheir tips are also included in the total service amount. Taxists are customary to leave no less than 15%from the amount you will see on the meter. On the tips, which leave some tourists, can be quite comfortable to live, even without salary, so all staff tries to please visit tourists to get additional reward, I am pleased to perform various orders and requests of tourists. After all, for this, they get a good increase to their main salary.
National features
Gathering in Monaco, you need a little to know the features of this country, like of course any other country, in order not to be in an awkward situation or not offend the random word of indigenous people. As a result of the fact that Monaco is considered the most expensive tourist country, where huge money is spinning, there are a large number of gambling establishments, such an order is established that you will come across every steprepresentatives of the authorities. And they do not necessarily have to be in the form; You may not even find out that there is a police officer next to you, who is watching you or your neighbors. Face control - this is a common phenomenon, almost in any institution, besides your hotel room or rental car can be inspected. AND no need to prevent thisbecause here such rules here. On the streets almost at every step you can meet the established Chamber of tracking And thanks to such a diligence police in Monaco a very small percentage of crime. A large influx of money requires the presence of the best specialists in the field of law enforcement. As for gambling clubs, for a man mandatory You need to be in a suit and with a tie. And everyone who has come together to visit the casino must be no less than 18 yearsand passports with yourself, is an mandatory condition.
Electricity
Fork / monaco socket / / /
There are no problems with electricity in the country.. Open clouds of casino and discos, burning neon light, luxurious showcases of boutiques and shopping centers. It's all, certainly, it does not say that Monaco lacks the warmth and light. Considering what inflow of money goes into the country, the high prices for accommodation and hiking to restaurants, where even the most ordinary dishes will cost you no less than a hundred dollars. Monaco may well create comfortable conditions for tourists and for numerous celebrities who visit this fabulous country. Despite the fact that Monaco lives almost only a tourist business, he does not lack the most necessary things. So in hotels and hotels in Monaco, you will feel not just at home, but as in the present palace. Current power everywhere standard, equal 220V., and even if you want to use the additional benefits of civilization, you will not experience any problems. Outlets everywhere European standardIt is very convenient to connect additional household appliances and even your favorite computer if you have such a need. Comfort, luxury, style and modernity will surround you throughout the entire holiday time.
Health
Monaco is a very expensive country that must match its high level. People with an average sleep does not always manage to get here because accommodation in hotels is two to three times more than in other tourist countries. The level of service is very high, because very rich people come to Monaco, as well as meet celebrities here, famous athletes, a completely ordinary business. They come here, as usual, with a wide sweep. In this regard, you We will not be able to enter Monaco, if you do not have medical insuranceBecause here, very closely followed by all foreigners who come from distant countries.
Position with drinking water too pleases: water from under the tap can be boldenbecause it is exposed to very good cleaning. But in taste, it is not pleasedBecause it does not have some minerals, so it is best to drink water in the bottles, which is sold in all stores. Productswhich you will acquire in the markets and in stores also different with high quality And you do not risk your health. The same environmentally friendly products, you will be served in hotel restaurants and in any other catering establishments. So, you can forget that there is a risk of suffering from the indentation of the stomach, if only, you do not want to try something, very exotic.
Useful information for tourists about Monaco, cities and resorts of the country. As well as information on the population, currency of Monaco, the kitchen, the features of visa and customs restrictions of Monaco.
Geography of Monaco
Monaco Principality is one of the smallest states of the world, located in the south of Europe, on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, near the border of France and Italy. The territory of Monaco consists of a spontaneous city-district of Monaco, Monte Carlo, La Condamine and Fonvay.
Monaco is located on the exalted sea shore formed by limestone mountains, which are southern continuation of the seaside Alps. Cape Monaco rocky, stands far away in the sea, La Kondamin is a small open bay. The relief of the surface is hilly, rugged, rocky. The highest point is Mont-azhel (140 m.).
State
State device
Monaco is a constitutional monarchy. The head of state is the prince, transmitting the rights of managing his heir. Head of Government - State Minister. Legislative power belongs to the monarch and the National Council (unicameral parliament). The functions of the lower chamber performs the utility board.
Language
State language: French
Residents also speak on Minegas, Italian and English.
Religion
90% of the population - Catholics, 6% - Protestants.
Currency
International title: EUR
Euro (EURO) equal to 100 cents. In turnover, there are banknotes with a par value of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 euros, as well as coins with a nominal value of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 cents.
Currency exchange can be exchanged at bank exchange points, at the railway station, hotels.
Credit cards of leading world systems and tourist checks are freely used. It is also advantageous to exchange currency through ATM machines.
Popular attractions
Tourism in Monaco
Popular hotels
Excursions and attractions in Monaco
On the azure coast of the Mediterranean Sea is truly a paradise - the Principality of Monaco. This is one of the smallest states in the world and one of the most fashionable resorts. Monaco is dazzling luxury and sophisticated elegance. Lovely soft climate, magnificent natural landscapes, chic beaches of the Cote d'Azur, the famous Casino Monte Carlo, the legendary Formula 1 and the mass of other entertainment fill your holiday unforgettable impressions.
The Principality of Monaco consists of only several practically spilled together the cities - Monaco Villa (the official capital), Monte Carlo, La Condamine and a small territory died by the sea - Fonvay. Despite the very tiny dimensions of Monaco (about 2 sq. Km), there are interesting historical and cultural attractions and always a huge number of tourists.
Monaco Villa or the so-called "Old Town" is built on a flat top of the rock at an altitude of 60 meters above sea level and is the historical center of Monaco. Here is the princely palace with a magnificent Palace Square. In the southern wing of the palace there are Museum of Napoleon and a collection of the historic archive of the Princely Palace. Also on the territory of Monaco Villa is Fort Antoine, the stunning oceanographic Museum of Monaco, who was led by the famous French Ocean Researcher Jacques Jacques Custo, magnificent Gardens of St. Martin, the Museum of Wax Figures and Museum of Old Monaco. Of particular interest are the magnificent Cathedral of St. Nicholas from the White Stone in the Roman-Romanesque style, which is also the tomb of Monaco's princes, and the Chapel of Mercy (one of the oldest buildings built in 1639).
Monte Carlo is rightfully considered to be a cultural and entertainment center of Monaco. Here is the world-famous casino - one of the oldest and respectable gambling institutions of the world, striking with its magnificent architecture and luxury. In Monte Carlo, you should also visit the Opera House, National Museum of Monaco, St. Charles Church and a wonderful Japanese garden.
Monaco's main port is located in La Kondamin, the business life of Monaco is concentrated here. The main attractions of La Kondamin include a magnificent exotic garden, the Church of Saint Girl, the Museum of Prehistoric Anthropology, the Market and the Pedestrian Street of the Karolina Princess. The Fononia district is famous for the Park of the same name with a stunning rosary of Princess Grace, the sea museum, a philateli and numismatics museum, a zoological garden and the Louis Stadium II. And in a huge commercial center there is a museum of vintage cars Prince Rainier III, in which a magnificent collection of luxurious vintage cars is collected (one of the best collections of this kind in the world).
Monaco is the picturesque Alps, the azure waters of the Mediterranean Sea, fashionable beaches and interesting sights. But still the main life of the country is spinning around a huge number of exquisite restaurants and cafes, famous nightclubs, discos and, of course, casino.
Tip
In hotels and restaurants, 15% for maintenance is usually included in the account, otherwise it is customary to leave the waiter tips in the amount of up to 10% of the account amount, the taxi driver is in the amount of about 10-15% of the meter indicator, porter, maid or guide - 0 , 5-1 euros.
Work hours of institutions
Banks are open from 9.00 to 12.00 and from 14.00 to 16.30 from Monday to Friday.
Purchases
Shops are usually open from 9.00 to 12.00 and from 15.00 to 19.00.
VAT (VAT) is 18.6% (for drugs and medical equipment, as well as food products and non-alcoholic beverages there is a lower tax rate) and is included in the cost of goods. Foreigners when buying goods in one store in the amount of at least 185 euros can receive tax reimbursement. Money returns at customs when crossing the border on the presentation of the check and the goods, or the check is sent at the place of residence and cash in the bank.
Emergency phones
Police - 17 or 93-153-015.
Urgent medical care - 93-259-869.
Fire service and paramedics service - 18 or 93-301-945.
Questions and reviews about Monaco
Monaco - Question-answer
The state in southern Europe, on the Mediterranean coast, surrounded by land of the territory of France.
Territory - 1.95 square meters. km. Capital - G.Monako.
The population is about 32.5 thousand people. (1998); Of these, the indigenous inhabitants of the Monegska are about 6 thousand, the French are about 13 thousand, the Italians about 5 thousand.
Official language is French.
Religion - Catholicism.
From the XV century Monaco is an independent principality under the Genoa Protector, in 1524-1641. - Under Spanish, then under the French Protectorator, in 1793-1814. - As part of France. In the contract signed in 1918 between France and the principality, it is said that Monaco undertakes to "carry out its sovereign rights in full compliance with the political, military, maritime and economic interests of France" and should "agree with the French government all activities concerning international relations with the French government Principality. " France represents Monaco abroad.
State device
Monaco is a unitary state. Administratively consists of 4 spontaneous districts - cities: Monaco, Monte Carlo, La Condamine and Fonviel.
There is a constitution given by the monarch in 1962 and replaced the first Monaco Constitution of 1911 in the form of the Board of Monaco Constitutional Hereditary Monarchy (Principality). Political regime democratic. Officially, there are no political parties in Monaco: there are various political organizations.
The legislative power belongs to the prince and the National Council (Parliament), consisting of 18 deputies elected for 5 years by universal direct voting. Parliament's powers are limited: it has no right to control the activities of the government, as well as to speak with legislative initiatives.
The head of state - Prince (Prince), which, according to Article 3 of the Constitution, belongs the executive. The prince in Monaco appoints and recalls members of the government, may at any time dissolve parliament, represents Monaco in state relations and has the right to conclude and ratify contracts, publishes orders in pursuance of such contracts and laws. The advisory bodies help: the Council of the Crown, which advises the head of state on international treaties, the dissolution of parliament, amnesty and pardon, and the State Council, which gives conclusion on projects of ordinances and laws.
The executive power in practice is carried out by the Government Council, headed by the State Minister (Ministre D "ETAT). In accordance with the 1918 agreement between Monaco and France, representatives of France are held in the Governmental Council, including the post of public minister. The latter is assigned to the prince from the list The three candidates proposed by the President of France. Prince appoints other members of the Government Council: Advisor to internal affairs, adviser on social policy and public employment advisor and finance advisor.
Legal system
The legal system of Monaco belongs to the Roman-German legal family and has a significant similarity with the legal system of France. In a number of areas (insurance, telecommunications, postal services, etc.), French laws are directly operating.
The Constitution (Article 2) enshrines the status of a legal state based on respect for the basic human rights and freedoms.
The main source of civil law - GK 1881, which is an option of the GC of France 1804. The Trade Code of Monaco is also very close to the French analogue.
Monaco's economic legislation is aimed at attracting foreign capital to the country by providing a super-contract tax regime. There are about 800 international companies and 50 banks in the country.
The Labor Law of Monaco as a whole complies with international standards. Employees can freely unite into trade unions. The Constitution enshrines the right to strike in accordance with the legislation. The law prohibits to strike with civil servants. The work week established by law is 39 hours.
The main source of criminal law is Monaco. The death penalty for all crimes was canceled by the 1962 Constitution (Article 20). The last death penalty took place in 1847
In legal proceedings, for some exceptions, French legislation also dominates. According to the Constitution (Article 19), the arrest (except for arresting at the crime scene) is allowed only on the basis of a court order issued no later than 24 hours from the moment of arrest.
Judicial system. Control bodies
According to the Constitution, the judiciary belongs to the prince, which, however, fully delegates its implementation by local courts and tribunals acting on behalf of the head of state.
The judicial system consists of global judges, courts of first instance, appellate and cassation courts. There is also a Supreme Supreme (Tribunal Supreme), consisting of 5 members and 2 deputies appointed by the prince for 4 years. The candidates of judges are presented one by one for each place by Parliament, the State Council, the Council of the Crown, the appellate court and the Civil Court of First Instance. The Supreme Court performs some functions of constitutional control and is the highest administrative jurisdiction body. Judges of other ships are also appointed by the monarch and are usually French citizens.
