- the largest industrial region of the Netherlands. This large port city (territory it takes 32 km 2, of which 2.6 km 2 occupy water expanses) on the Sparne River is only twenty kilometers west. Its population is approximately 147 thousand people, according to the 2005 census.
read more In the 20th century, Harlem becomes the center of trade in tulips because of its successful location and the construction of the channel - Trekevart - connecting the city with Amsterdam. The country covers the outbreak of the "tulip", and the price of tulip bulbs takes off to unprecedented heights. 
http://dga10.dk/map192 In the nineteenth century, King Willem II ordered to dry the Lake Harlemmermer. This event, in aggregate with the rapidly growing number of industrial enterprises, caused worsening water quality in the Sparne River. In 1859, the old channel was covered, and at this place was built a street with the same name. An increase in land in the city gives rise to a new wave of "tulip", which has a positive effect on the development of the city.
click to See More In the twentieth century, the city grows, expanding first in the northern direction, and then in East and South.
see More The city's attractions
From the attractions that it is necessary to visit the tourist for the first time in the city, it is possible to note the Central City Square - Grotto Markt. It is a city town hall, built in the XIII century and reconstructed in the Renaissance Epoch. An elegant loggia was attached to the left wing during this period. The famous meat rows are located on the square, built in 1600 in the style of the Dutch Renaissance by the famous urban architect L. de Keem.
On the same area you can see the Gothic Church of the Sint-Bavoy, the tower of which has a height of eighty meters. Here is the grave of the Holy Bavoy, and the famous Dutch artist Frans Hals is buried here. This basil is the famous organ, which was created in 1738 by Christian Muller. It was performed by their great works such well-known authors like Mozart, Handel, Leaf, Schubert and Schweitzer. 
There are many other beautiful vintage buildings in the city, mostly medieval and rebirth.
Harlem, besides, is the world famous art center. It is in this city that the oldest art gallery of Holland is located, in which various collections of painting are demonstrated, starting from the Golden Age of Holland. Another famous art center is the Museum of the Dutch Artist of France Hals.
This is one of the oldest cities of the Netherlands, which has existed for more than a thousand years. It survived a lot of historical monuments, but we have made a dozen of them for you.
GROTEMARKT.(Grote Markt Square)
GROTEMARKT is considered the center of the city where the roads are flown from different corners. In addition, many Dutch argue that this area is the most beautiful area of \u200b\u200bEurope. At the beginning of the 12th century, when Harlem was still a village, the Count of Holland decided to build a hunting castle here, and on the square to hold knightly tournaments.
Stadhuis(Stadhyus - City Office)
GROTE MARKT 2.
Initially, the castle was wooden and was on the site of Stadhuis. In the 14th century there was a fire and the castle almost completely burned. The city's office rebuilt it again (already out of stone), and since 1370, uses it for his needs. The porch on the left leads to Gravenzaal (Khufenzal - Graft Hall), in this room there was a graph of Floris. On the right side of the hinder of an extension, in which the small and big courts used to be placed before. Above the windows is the statue of the goddess of justice, the adjacent building on the right is the building of the former police. To the left of Stadhus is the former male monastery.
You can get to the county hall in Open Monumentdag (second weekends of September) or during the Christmas Fair (the second Saturday of December).
DE GROTE SANT BAVOKERK (De Hrot Sant Bavoy Kerk - Big Church of the Holy Bavoy)
GROTE MARKT 22.
The main church of the city is De Grote Sant Bavokerk, standing in its size on a general background of the city.
In 1370, the construction of the church was started and only by 1505 the church was built. Residents wanted not only a big church, but also the church tower. To facilitate the design, the tower was made of wood. On the building survived one statue - the statue of the Holy Bavoy. Or they could not get to it, or residents were afraid to eave the patron saint of the city. The statue of the Bavo can be seen on the entrance from Oudegroen Markt (Audechrune Markt). In 1738, Christian Muller built a delightful body here, at which a ten-year-old Wolfgang Mozart played in 1766. The church is buried the greatest artist of the 17th century France Hals.
Opening hours: Monday - Saturday 10.00 - 17.00
Entrance ticket: adult - 2.50 euros, up to 12 years old - free, from 12 to 16 years - 1.75 euros.
Vleeshaal (Fleishal - meat rows)
GROTE MARKT 18K.
In the 16th century, the butchers traded meat and other animal products on the street, but they were not satisfied for a long time: because of the flies, the meat quickly spoiled, cats and dogs tried to steal a tight piece. The manian guild turned to the authorities of the city with a request to allocate them the place of development and, entrusted the construction of the famous architect Liven de Kay. In 1602, three burghams launched the first stone of the building and exactly a year later the opening of meat rows took place. In those days, such a decoration of the building was too bold and did not like the residents. During the long time, they called meat rows the most ugly building of Harlem, today - the most beautiful.
FRANS HALS MUSEUM. (France Hals Moseum - Museum of France Hals)
GROOT HEILIGLAND 62.
The Museum of France Hals is considered one of the best museums of the Netherlands, in which the works of the masters of the Golden Age are collected. France Hals was born in Antwerp, but all his life lived in Kharlem. The museum contains the work of various artists, in addition, you can see interior items on the 17th - 17th centuries, as well as a puppet house, which belonged to Sarah Rothé and was her invented. In its creation, expensive materials were used - silver, gold, pearls, porcelain, jacquard fabrics and valuable wood species.
The museum was opened in 1862 in the building of the former monastery, next to Stadhäus. In 1913, the museum moves to the former house of orphans, where it is located.
Opening hours: Tuesday - Saturday 11.00-17.00, Sunday 12.00-17.00.
Entrance ticket: adult - 12.5 euros, up to 18 years old - free of charge, from 19 to 24 (inclusive) - 6 euros, group (from 15 people) - 9 euros. The cost is possible changes due to temporary exposures.
Teylers Museum (Tayeils Myusum - Taylor Museum)
SPAARNE 16.
The Taylor Museum is not only one of the best in the country, as well as the first museum of the Netherlands. Peter Tayler was a successful businessman and a banker, and had an expensive hobby - science. He collected archaeological finds, scientific apparatus, paintings and books. In his will, he ordered to build a museum on the banks of the River, where to transport the entire collection. In 1784, the museum opened his doors. Today you can see here: the stones of the Mesozoic era and minerals, the skeleton of the dinosaur found in the Maas River, all sorts of scientific apparatus of the 18th century. There is also a collection of paintings, among which Rembrandt and Michelangelo works.
Opening hours: Tuesday - Saturday 10.00 - 17.00, Sunday 12.00 - 17.00
Entrance ticket: adult - 12 euros, from 6 to 17 years old - 2 euros, up to 6 years old - free, group ticket (from 10 people) - 9.50 euros.
Bakkenesergracht. (Buckieneshercht - Bensera Channel)
Another attraction of the city is the Bainesera Canal. It was here that more than a thousand years ago the Dutch built their first houses and laid the beginning of Harlem's story. Despite the fact that the channel is located in the heart of the city, today it is quiet and cozy here, but it was not always. In the past times it was very noisy. The peasants from the neighboring villages led their livestock for sale here. Along the canal stood various workshops and brewery. The channel was a living arterily of the city, loaded by car. Next to the brewery stood wooden cranes, helping to unload barges.
Molen de Adriaan. (Molyan de Adrian - Adrian Mill)
Parentorenvest 1A.
The mill was built in 1779 and received its name by the name of its owner. The mill was located near the city wall next to the river gate to the city. It was used to grind a peatman, shell, tobacco, and later, for grinding grain. On April 20, 1932, the mill was completely burned and was restored in 2002. Now there is a museum, which tells about the work of the mills.
The entrance ticket costs 4.5 euros for an adult, children up to 4 years old, from 4 to 11 - 1 euro.
Opening hours: Monday - Friday from 13.00 to 17.00, Saturday-Sunday 10.30 - 17.00. Tuesday - day off.
There are changes in work, check the information on the site http://www.molenadriaan.nl/en/guided-tours-prices.
De waag (De Wah - Weight)
Damstraat 29.
The weighty played a very important role in the development of the city and was built in 1597. On the first floor there were large scales and all the goods first got into the weight, where it was weighed and determined the amount of tax in the treasury of the city. After that, the goods came to various markets of the city. Today here on the first floor is a restaurant, and on the second - the exhibition hall (admission is free).
Amsterdamse Poort. (Amsterdams Port - Amsterdam Gate)
about SPAARNWOUDERSTRAAT 99.
Amsterdam gates were built approximately 1400. The gate was the end of the road from Amsterdam in Harlem, and for it they got their name. Today, Amsterdam Gate is the only one preserved from the twelve gate of the city. All other gates were dismantled, and the reconstruction of this part of the city simply did not have enough money. It is also believed that it was at these gates that Kenau Haselaer fought against the Spaniards during the siege of Harlem.
Harlem never inferior to neighboring Amsterdam - there are its own channels and museums, around the tulip fields, and the sea with the beaches are only 10 minutes. Attractions Harlema \u200b\u200bon the map, Course Course, Shopping, Hotels, Restaurants. Where to go from Harlem.
Harlem (Haarlem) It is the capital of North Holland and the fourth attendance by the city of the country. Despite this, he impresses the cozy provincial town in which so you want to stay. We started our morning with coffee at the station and finished in the evening in the historic church-brewer. In one day, we managed to inspect Haarle on foot and from the water, dine, go shopping, see the floral platforms of the Blue Parade and go to the sea.
How to get to Haarlem from Amsterdam
Harlem is located 20 km from Amsterdam. Amsterdam Harlem's trains go from Amsterdam Central Station every 10 minutes, travel time 15 minutes. If you are traveling in Harlem one day, it is profitable to buy a ticket back and back with a discount. We traveled to Haarlem on Amsterdam & Region Travel Ticket, which provides free travel to all types of public transport in Amsterdam and the region (for 1 day - € 18.50, 2 days - € 26.00, 3 days - € 33.50).
In Kharlem from Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, you can take a bus 300 in 40 minutes.
Attractions Harlem
Map of sights HarlemIn the Middle Ages, Harlem was the second value of the city of the Netherlands. Immigrants from the south were moved here, among which were artists and entrepreneurs. Economic growth contributed to the development of art and culture. In the 18th century, Harlem was among the major art centers of the country, at that time the main historical buildings were built, preserved to the present day. All Haarlem can be waged on foot.
Central Station Harlem was opened on September 20, 1839. This is the only Holland building in Art Deco. The station is decorated with tiles, stained glass, wooden carvings and wrought iron.
Grote Markt. - Central Market Square Harlem, which is considered one of the most beautiful areas of the country. On the grotto Markt stands a monument to Laurens Janzzon Coster, which is attributed to the invention of typography and a modern statue of Zonnevechter (solar fighter). Before the birthday of the king grotto Markt turns into an amusement park, a Christmas tree is installed on it.
Around the market square there are historical buildings of Harlem:
- Church of St. Bavon (XIV century). The monument, protected by UNESCO, is famous for the 80-meter tower and the organ on which Mozart played.
- Town Hall (XIV century) places urban management and tourist information center Harlem.
- Meat rows Established in 1602-1604. The Netherlands architect Liven de Keem for the needs of the meat market, as reminiscent of bovine heads on the facade. Now this is a branch of the Museum of France Hals with a collection of modern painting.
- House of urban guard (XIII century) - The oldest building of the city received its name in 1765, when it bought the authorities for the headquarters of urban guards and prison.
Museums Harlem
In Kharlem, there are two famous museums that have rich collections of works of art. Free input by I Amsterdam City Card.
Taylor Museum Created in 1784 on the money of the rich patter Peter Taylor. In 12 exhibition halls, Michelangelo, Raphael, Rembrandt, Goltsius, Lorrene, naturally scientific collections are exhibited.
Museum of France Hals. Represents pictures of the famous native Harlem França Hals and other outstanding masters of Flemish painting. Located in the historic building of the former Laddle (XII century).
Cruise through Harlem Channels
After a pedestrian walk in the center, we continued to inspect Haarlem from the water. Haarlem Canal Tours takes passengers opposite the Taylor Museum and rolling through the channels of 75 minutes (5 cruises per day). A small open boat "Cornelia" by 12 people passes under all bridges. Captain Sawrun talks about the sights of Harlem, who are found on the route, slows down for the best photos and answers questions. We have great pleasure from water walk and communicate with captain! Book places in advance
Rass in the channels, we saw:
- former hospital (de Egelantier)
- New Church (De Nieuwe Kerk)
- City Theater (Stadsschouwburg)
- Melnice Adriana (Molen de Adriaan)
- St. Bavon's Cathedral (Kathedraal St. Bavo) and other historical and modern Kharlem buildings.
Online tickets without queues
Food and Shopping in Kharlem
If you want to drink coffee in a historical setting - do not hurry to leave the Central Station Harlem. Cafe is right on the platform.
Jopenkerk. Gedempte Voldersgracht 2) - brewery in the former church. Sightseeing and best beer Harlem in one place. HoppenBier branded beer is boiled by an ancient recipe for C 1501. If you are not sure what kind of grade to choose, you can order a tasting (€ 12.50 per person). We sat at the table outside, inside a modern industrial design and restaurant. In early August, the beer festival is held in Kharlem.
Where to find the best ice cream in Kharlem, Captain Sawrun suggested. Garrone Ijssalon. Located at the end of the shopping street (Grote Houtstraat 179). Here the biggest selection of Gelato, which you can imagine, but you have to defend the turn.
For lunch we went to Dijkers. (Warmoesstraat 5), which was included in our cruise through the channels. Pleasant family restaurant near the grotto Markt, there is a children's menu.
Harlem received the title of "Best City for Shopping in the Netherlands" several times. Here you can make purchases in a relaxed atmosphere, just walking around the central streets. Harlem's main shopping street - Grote Houtstraat supped by international brands. At the neighboring Kleine Houtstraat, Schagchelstraat, Drossestraat and Gierstraat are located small shops, antique shops and boutiques where you can buy everything from bicycles to kettles. On the Square Grotty Markt on Saturdays the market has a market.
Hotels Harlem
Due to the easy transport accessibility and moderate prices, many prefer Harlem hotels in Deremat Amsterdam. It is pleasant to come back here after the noisy capital and the cost of living is 2 times lower.
Hotels in the center of Harlem with good reviews:
- Carlton Square Hotel 4 * - a comfortable hotel next to the park and shopping street, in the rooms kettle and coffee machine, good restaurant, underground parking.
- Brasss Hotel Suites is a luxury hotel in the heart of Harlem, luxurious rooms and services.
- BlueMendaal-Aan-Zee Beach
Zandvort (Zandvoort) - A popular resort with a 9-kilometer coast, the Formula 1 track, club life and water sports. From Harlem to Zandvorth can be reached by train (10 minutes) or by bus 81 (30 minutes). Hotels Zandworth.
Blomendal An Seee (Blomendaal Aan Zee) - The closest to Harlem beach, the bike path passes by the National Park. On the banks of beach cabins, cafe, Aparthotel Poort Beemendaal overlooking the sea and dunes. During our stay stood an unusually hot weather for April - everyone rested on the sea. Most sunbathed, and some even bathed in wetsuits.
Kökekenhof. Royal Park of Flowers is 16 km south of Harlem. In the season of work, the park between Harlem and Kökekenhof runs the bus 50. The road passes through the tulip fields. This picturesque route many prefer to drive on a bike. Ends in Kharlem and the whole day (Sunday in mid-April) flower platforms stand in the city center for universal search. In the evening they are disassembled and give flowers to everyone. We specially arrived in Harlem on this day - they fell on a colorful holiday with the fair.
Harlem (Netherlands) is the most detailed information about the city with photos. The main attractions of Harlem with a description, guidebooks and cards.
Harlem City (Netherlands)
In 1572-1573, Harlem was besieged by the Spaniards. During the long-term sevenney siege, the city was captured and looted. In 1576, Harlem was again almost destroyed by fire. Interestingly, despite all the troubles and destruction, the city was constantly revived and rebuilt again.
In the 16th - 17th centuries, a rapid economic growth occurs, which marks the Golden Age of Harlem. The city becomes one of the center of the textile industry, is famous for its shipyards and manufactices. During this period, Harlem was chosen by many famous artists: Adrian Van Ostay, Yang Walls, Isaac Wang Ostay, Job Berkheide. In the 17th century, the city becomes one of the centers of breeding and selling tulips. With the elevation of Amsterdam and the decline of the textile industry, the value of Harlem fell. After that, he was always in the shadow of the magnificent capital of the Netherlands.
sights
GROTE MARKT - Home City Square Harlem and the heart of the Old Town. The area is surrounded by beautiful old buildings. The central construction is the church of St. Bavon.
Church of St. Bavona is an impressive medieval church in the Gothic style that the centuries were the heart of the city and its main attraction. The current building was built between 1370 and 1520. After the Reformation, the church became Protestant. This late-old cruciform basil with the ages of the 15th century, the chorus and the department of 1499. The most interesting feature is the magnificent body, which is considered one of the best detailed instruments in the world. In this organ played ingenious Mozart.
Opposite the church of St. Bavon is a city town hall (Stadhuis), the oldest parts of which are 1250. Later elements, such as the external staircase, the northern wing and the neoclassical facade, were added at the beginning of the 17th century. The tower was rebuilt in the style of historical accuracy in 1913.
Meat Hall Meat Hall (Vleeshal) is another interesting historic building on a large market, built in the 17th century in the style of the Dutch Renaissance. This building was the only place in the city where it was allowed to sell fresh meat.
Amsterdam Gate is one of the oldest and impressive attractions of Harlem. These are the only preserved urban gates from 20 such structures of the Old Town. They were built at the beginning of the 15th century and are a national monument. The gate have two octagonal towers and two round towers. Also, the remains of old urban walls are preserved.
Catholic church of St. Bavona - Basilica, built between 1895 and 1906. The church has subtle stained glass windows, as well as sculptures and pictures of famous Dutch artists. A small museum has been created in the former sacristy, allowing visitors to see some historical artifacts from the Catholic past Harlem.
The new church is an old religious construction of the 17th century with an elegant Renaissance tower with the clock of the 18th century. Inside there is a magnificent Baroque Tomb of Wilhelm Orange (although he himself is buried in Delft).
The windmill on the Sparna River is an exact copy of the original mill of 1778, built on the foundation of an ancient defensive tower.
Harlem, a small provincial town in the Netherlands, located on the Sparne River just 7 km from the North Sea coast and 20 km from Amsterdam, is the capital of North Holland Province. This city can eventually enter the number of cultural capitals of the old world and take a place in the same row with London and Paris.Despite the fact that Harlem is located in the heart of the Dutch Industrial Region, the city lies in a very picturesque place near the coastal dunes and the world famous Dutch-tulip fields. Harlem, known as the "City of Flowers", is one of the most ancient cities of the Netherlands.
The population of this suburbs of Amsterdam is about 147,000 people. Harlem Municipality also includes a part of the village of Spartam (Spaarndam), a newer residential area, which is part of the Harlemmerlide municipality (Haarlemmerliede) in Sparmwood.
The earliest mention of Harlem is dated to the 10th century. The name of the city comes from "Haarlo-Heim" or "Harulahem", which means "place, on sand covered with trees, and located higher than others." A small river, called "De Beek", originating in peatlands to the west of the Sparn river, was used by citizens as a drainage canal. Over the centuries, Beck was turned into an underground channel, since the settlement became greater, and there was a great need for construction. By the 12th century, the settlement became a fortified city, and Harlem became the residence of the counts of Holland. On November 23, 1245, Count Wilhelm II provided Harlem Charter of the city.
Harlem's life has always been difficult: to the daily struggle with the energous enemy - the sea, more natural disasters and war were added.
The first buildings of the city were built of wood, and the fires were a big problem for the city. In 1328, almost the entire city burned down the dot. Sint-Bavokerk (Sint-Bavokerk) was very damaged, and his recovery took more than 150 years. The next fire on June 12, 1347 again destroyed the city, and the third large fire of 1351, destroyed many buildings, including the Count Castle and the City Hall.
The siege of the city in the period of Protestant uprisers is memorable memorially and tragic episodes: the son of the Duke Alba, Don Federico, deposited the city from December 11, 1572 to July 13, 1573. Harlem, recking on the promised assistance of Wilhelm silent, courageously resisted all the terrible winter, but soon hunger became unbearable. The murder of Wilhelm Orange Spaniards, the defeat of his fleet and the decline of the Spirit in the army, at whom the help was so expected, led to the surrender of the city, which, however, hoped for the honorary world. This did not happen: the Duke Alba made expensive to pay the siege and the human losses incurred by him, he cruelly dealt with 1800 by the inhabitants.
But the city was able to quickly revive and took the army of general states in 1577. So, for Harlem began the golden age of prosperity, which reached the apogee in the XVII century. By its welfare, the city is obliged to trade. After the liberation from the Spanish domination, the urban cash desk from the XVII century began to replenish income from tulips trading. The most important employers of the city are major enterprises of the chemical industry and workshops performing graphic work.
At this time, he became famous for artists who were born or living in it, their most outstanding representatives - France Hals and Jacob Van Reydal. It was Françe Hals, his great son, Harlem dedicated a museum founded in 1862, but finally settled in 1913 in Audemannehaus, a former shelter for the elderly, built in 1608 (Architect Liven de Key), where Hals himself died. Also in the XVII century, or rather in 1636, the culture of tulips was born in Kharlem: endless "Blomenvel-Den" - floral fields, eating south of the city, from April to May represent an unimaginable beautiful sight.
In addition to this natural beauty, there are still many excellent monuments in Haarlem and, above all, Stathouse is an old residence of the Counts of the Dutch, laid in the middle of the XVI century. and completed in 1620-1630. (Architect Liven de Key), although legend refers it to the XIII century.
The city is known for its Hofjes: the Laddle, which were built in the courtyards. They were mainly confidentially funded buildings for older unmarried women. Currently, there are 19 hofjes in Harlem; Many are open to the public on weekdays. Many Hofjes still belong to their initial funds, and are still mainly intended for single (older) women.
The center of the historic urban core - the area of \u200b\u200bGrotto Markt - surrounds representative medieval and renaissance buildings. In this historic center, the majestic church of Grota Kerk rises, better known as St. Bavon's Cathedral, built in the Latestone Brabant style at the site of the previous building of a more modest size burned in 1328. The real treasure was preserved in the interior: the famous organ with three keyboard, 68 registers and 5000 pipes, created in 1738 by Christian Muller with a decorative trim of a building, made on the draft Daniel Maro. Mozart, Handel, Dr. Albert Schweitzer played on this organ. Next to the cathedral is Plaishal (or Vucual) - an old meat market: a building of brick and red stone, built in the Renaissance style (architect Liven de Key, 1602-1623).
To touch the glorious combat history of Harlem, admire the majestic Amsterdam gate - all that remained from the urban fortress walls of the XV century: the square tower with two eight-edged towers on the sides and protruding forward, the two powerful round towers. Another curious item is a rich history of the city: here in the second half of the XV century, at the same time as Johann Gutenberg in Germany, Lawrence Yanzon Koster invented a typography.
In Kharlem, you do not have to miss. In the center of the city there is a Toneelschuur theater, a building from a tree, brick and glass, which one of the leading magazines called "the most beautiful theater in the Netherlands." The author of the project is the famous caricaturist and a native of the city of Yost Schwart. Most nearby, there is a renovated building of the Philharmonic, in which at the beginning of the twentieth century. Conducted rates and Stravinsky.
According to national reviews, in Kharlem, the most per capita restaurants and the best shops compared to other cities in the Netherlands. Not to mention the most attractive features of Harlem: this is the most green and safest city, located in the same North Sea. In the same place in the area of \u200b\u200b2500 hectares, the Kenmerland National Park was spread, where the herds of wild horses live among the sand dunes, quiet crops and deserted beaches.
Brewing was a very important industry for Harlem. The breakdown of brewing in Kharlem accounted for 14 million, when there were no less than 100 brewing factories in the city. Beer that boiled in the city is called Jopenbier, or abbreviated Jopen, calling it so in honor of the old type of beer barrel.
Jopen Koyt and Jopen Adriaan are based on old recipes 1402 - 1407, respectively. Jopen Adriaan is called in honor of the windmill, which was again opened in 2002.
The oldest buffet in Kharlem is Het theehuis, but it is not one has a long history.
