Its height is 182 meters.
In India, on the island of Sadhu Bet in the state of Gujarat, the highest statue in the world - the Statue of Unity.
Its height is 182 m and it is taller than the statue of Christ in Brazil (38 m), the Statue of Liberty in the USA (93 m) and "Motherland" in Kiev (102 m).
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The sculpture was erected in honor of one of the creators of the modern Indian state, Vallabhai Patel. After India gained independence in 1947, he served as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Internal Affairs. Patel is also the author of the Indian Constitution and has made tremendous efforts to keep India within its borders and prevent the country from collapsing into smaller states.
For services to India, Vallabhai Patel was given the honorary nickname Sardar, which means the leader or leader in many languages \u200b\u200bof India.
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Vallabhai Patel's sculpture consists of a 40-meter pedestal and a 142-meter statue. At the level of 153 meters installed observation deck, which can simultaneously accommodate up to 200 people. The construction cost of the statue is $ 430 million.
Video From Rio with love. The statue of Christ the Savior painted in Ukrainian colors
Statue of Christ the Savior - in ukrainian colors... In Rio de Janeiro, a famous sculpture shone yellow and blue. The Brazilians highlighted it in the colors of the Ukrainian flag especially for the Independence Day of our state. They have been doing this for 5 years in a row. Moreover, they say, the Ukrainian diaspora has a double holiday the other day. After all, they also celebrate the Day of the Ukrainian community.
Sculpture "The Motherland Calls!" - the compositional center of the monument-ensemble "Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad" on the Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd. One of the tallest statues in the world.
A huge hill rises above the Square of Sorrow, which is crowned by the main monument - the Motherland Mother. This is a mound about 14 meters high, in which the remains of 34,505 soldiers - defenders of Stalingrad are buried. A serpentine path leads to the top of the hill to the Motherland of Mother, along which there are 35 granite gravestones of the Heroes of the Soviet Union, participants in the Battle of Stalingrad. From the foot of the mound to its top, the serpentine consists of exactly 200 granite steps 15 cm high and 35 cm wide - according to the number of days of the Battle of Stalingrad.
Mamaev Kurgan in the winter of 1945. In the foreground is a broken German cannon Cancer 40.
The end point of the path is a monument "The Motherland Calls!", the compositional center of the ensemble, highest point mound. Its dimensions are enormous - the height of the figure is 52 meters, and total height of the Motherland - 85 meters (along with a sword). For comparison, the height of the famous Statue of Liberty without a pedestal is only 45 meters. At the time of construction, the Motherland was the tallest statue in the country and in the world. Later, the Kiev Motherland-Mother appeared 102 meters high. Today, the tallest statue in the world is the 120-meter statue of Buddha, built in 1995 and located in Japan, in the city of Chuchura. The total weight of the Motherland is 8 thousand tons. In her right hand she holds a steel sword, which is 33 meters long and weighs 14 tons. Compared to the height of a person, the sculpture is increased 30 times. The thickness of the reinforced concrete walls of the Motherland is only 25-30 centimeters. It was cast layer by layer using a special formwork made of gypsum plaster materials. Inside, the rigidity of the frame is supported by a system of more than a hundred ropes. The monument is not fastened to the foundation, it is supported by gravity. The motherland, the mother, stands on a slab only 2 meters high, which rests on the main foundation 16 meters high, but it is almost invisible - most of it is hidden underground. To enhance the effect of finding the monument at the very peak of the mound, an artificial embankment 14 meters high was made.
Stalingrad, Mamayev Kurgan. In the foreground is the Renault UE Chenillette, a light French armored personnel carrier that was in service with the Wehrmacht.
As soon as the cannonade died down in Stalingrad, the grateful country began to think about what a monument to the creators of this great victory should be. Drawings and sketches were sent not only by professionals, but also by people of completely different professions. Some sent them to the Academy of Arts, others to the State Defense Committee, someone personally to Comrade Stalin. Moreover, everyone saw the future monument as grandiose, unprecedented in size, to match the significance of the victory itself.
The All-Union competition was announced immediately after the war. All prominent Soviet architects and architects took part. The results were summed up ten years later. Although few doubted that the winner of the Stalin Prize Yevgeny Vuchetich would win. By that time, he had already created a memorial in Berlin's Treptower Park and enjoyed the confidence of the top officials of the state. On January 23, 1958, the Council of Ministers of the USSR made a decision to start the construction of a monument-ensemble on Mamayev Kurgan. In May 1959, the construction site began to boil.
In his work, Vuchetich addressed the topic of the sword three times - the Motherland raises the sword on the Mamayev Kurgan, calling for the expulsion of the conquerors; cuts the fascist swastika with a sword. The victorious warrior in Berlin's Treptower Park; the sword is forged onto the plow by the worker in the composition “Let's Beat Swords into Plowshares”, expressing the desire of people of good will to fight for disarmament in the name of the triumph of peace on the planet. This sculpture was donated by the Vuchetech to the United Nations and was installed in front of the headquarters in New York, and its copy - to the Volgograd gas equipment plant, in the workshops of which the Motherland was born). This sword was born in Magnitogorsk (during the war, every third shell and every second tank was made of metal from Magnitogorsk), where a monument to the Rear Front was installed.
During the construction of the monument motherland a lot of changes were made to the already finished project. Few people know that initially on the top of the Mamayev Kurgan on a pedestal there should have been a sculpture of the Motherland with a red banner and a kneeling fighter (according to some versions, the author of this project was Ernst Neizvestny). According to the original plan, two monumental staircases led to the monument. But later Vuchetich changed the basic idea of \u200b\u200bthe monument. After the Battle of Stalingrad, the country had more than 2 years of bloody battles ahead of it, and Victory was still far away. Vuchetich left his Motherland alone, now she called her sons to begin the victorious exile of the enemy.
He also removed the pompous pedestal of the Motherland of the Mother, practically repeating the one on which stands his Soldier-winner in Treptower Park. Instead of monumental staircases (which, by the way, were already built), a serpentine path appeared at the Motherland. The Motherland Mother itself "grew" relative to its original size - its height reached 36 meters. But this option was not final either. Soon after completion of work on the foundation of the main monument, Vuchetich (on the instructions of Khrushchev) increases the size of the Motherland to 52 meters. Because of this, the builders had to urgently "load" the foundation, for which 150 thousand tons of earth were laid in the embankment.
In the Timiryazevsky district of Moscow, at Vuchetich's dacha, where his workshop was located and today the architect's house-museum, you can see working sketches: a reduced model of the Motherland, as well as a life-size model of the statue's head.
In a sharp, impetuous impulse, a woman stood on the mound. With a sword in hand, she calls on her sons to defend the Fatherland. Her right leg is slightly laid back, the torso and head are energetically deployed to the left. The face is stern and strong-willed. Throwing eyebrows, a wide open, screaming mouth, short hair blown out by gusts of wind, strong arms, a long dress that hugs the shape of a body, the ends of a scarf blown out by gusts of wind - all this creates a feeling of strength, expression and an irresistible striving forward. Against the background of the sky, she is like a bird soaring in the sky.
The sculpture of the Motherland of the Mother looks great from all sides at any time of the year: summer time, when the mound is covered with a continuous grass carpet, and on a winter evening - bright, illuminated by the beams of searchlights. The majestic statue, standing against the background of the dark blue sky, seems to grow out of the mound, merging with its snow cover.
the work of sculptor E. V. Vuchetich and engineer N. V. Nikitin is a multi-meter figure of a woman who stepped forward with a raised sword. The statue is an allegorical image of the Motherland, calling its sons to fight the enemy. In an artistic sense, the statue is a modern interpretation of the image of the ancient goddess of victory Nike, who calls on her sons and daughters to repulse the enemy and continue their further offensive.
The construction of the monument began in May 1959 and completed on October 15, 1967. At the time of creation, the sculpture was the tallest statue in the world. Restoration work on the Main Monument of the ensemble was carried out twice: in 1972 and 1986, in particular in 1972, the sword was replaced.
The prototype of the sculpture was Valentina Izotova (according to other sources, Anastasia Antonovna Peshkova, a graduate of the Barnaul Pedagogical School in 1953).
68-year-old Valentina Izotova was a model in the creation of the famous Russian memorial "Motherland". For almost 40 years, she did not say that she was involved in its creation.
Could I refuse when the sculptors asked me to pose for a statue in memory of the enormous losses suffered by the Red Army in Stalingrad? But I was horrified when they announced that I should pose nude.
It was the early 1960s, and decent women didn’t undress in front of anyone but their husbands. Artists, even such respected and famous as Lev Maistrenko, who worked on the memorial, meant nothing to the 26-year-old woman.
It was Lev who turned to me. I worked as a waitress in the main restaurant in the city, Volgograd - it is still there - and usually served the room reserved for high-ranking party officials and delegations. Lev said that I am beautiful and embody all the physical and moral qualities of an ideal Soviet woman. Of course, I was flattered, how could it be otherwise?
Curiosity got the better of me, and I agreed to pose. None of us had any idea how famous Motherland would be. Volgograd (formerly Stalingrad) is famous for this sculpture as well as for the battle fought here.
My husband did not like that I would pose for a group of artists sent from Moscow. He was terribly jealous and took me to every session in the studio they set up at the old gas apparatus factory.
After a while, it became the same job as any other, I hardly thought about standing in a swimsuit, and was glad that I was paid three rubles a day, because then it was a decent amount. But only six months later, I finally gave in to the persuasion of the sculptors to take off my bra and bare my chest. But that was all. I was unwavering in my determination to maintain a vestige of modesty and not pose completely naked. It was inconceivable.
No one except relatives and closest friends found out about this. Soon after the sessions ended, I went to get my first higher education: I have two diplomas - economist and engineer. Then I left Volgograd and began to live and work in Norilsk.
After the opening of the memorial in 1967, I thought little about it and lived my life.
In October 2010, work began to secure the statue.
The sculpture is made of blocks of prestressed reinforced concrete - 5500 tons of concrete and 2400 tons of metal structures (without the base on which it stands).
The total height of the monument is 85-87 meters. It is installed on a concrete foundation 16 meters deep. The height of the female figure is 52 meters (weight - over 8 thousand tons).
The statue stands on a slab just 2 meters high, which rests on the main foundation. This foundation is 16 meters high, but it is almost invisible - most of it is hidden underground. The statue stands loosely on the slab, like a chess piece on a board.
The thickness of the reinforced concrete walls of the sculpture is only 25-30 centimeters. Inside, the entire statue is made up of individual cells, like rooms in a building. The rigidity of the frame is supported by ninety-nine metal ropes constantly in tension.
The sword, 33 meters long and 14 tons in weight, was originally made of stainless steel sheathed with titanium sheets. The huge mass and high windage of the sword, due to its colossal size, caused a strong swing of the sword when exposed to wind loads, which led to excessive mechanical stress at the point where the hand holding the sword was attached to the body of the sculpture. The deformations of the sword's structure also caused the titanium sheathing sheets to move, creating an unpleasant sound of clattering metal. Therefore, in 1972, the blade was replaced with another - entirely composed of fluorinated steel - and holes were provided in the upper part of the sword, which made it possible to reduce its windage. The reinforced concrete structure of the sculpture was reinforced in 1986 on the recommendation of the expert group of the NIIZhB under the leadership of RL Serykh.
There are very few such sculptures in the world, for example - the statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, "Motherland" in Kiev, the monument to Peter I in Moscow. For comparison, the height of the Statue of Liberty from the pedestal is 46 meters.
The most complicated calculations of the stability of this structure were carried out by Doctor of Technical Sciences N.V. Nikitin, the author of the calculation of the stability of the Ostankino television tower. At night, the statue is illuminated by spotlights.
“The horizontal displacement of the upper part of the 85-meter monument is currently 211 millimeters, or 75% of the allowable calculations. Deviations have been going on since 1966. If from 1966 to 1970 the deviation was 102 millimeters, then from 1970 to 1986 - 60 millimeters, until 1999 - 33 millimeters, from 2000-2008 - 16 millimeters, "said the director of the Federal State Institution" State Historical and Memorial Museum-Reserve " Battle of Stalingrad "" Alexander Velichkin.
Interesting Facts
- The sculpture "Motherland" is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest sculpture-statue in the world at that time. Its height is 52 meters, the length of the arm is 20 meters and the length of the sword is 33 meters. The total height of the sculpture is 85 meters. The weight of the sculpture is 8 thousand tons, and the weight of the sword is 14 tons (for comparison: the Statue of Liberty in New York is 46 meters high; the Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro is 38 meters). On this moment the statue ranks 11th in the list of the tallest statues in the world.
- Vuchetich told Andrei Sakharov: “The bosses are asking me why her mouth is open, because it’s ugly. I answer: And she screams - for the Motherland ... your mother! - shut up. "
- There is a legend according to which a man was lost in the sculpture soon after its creation; after that no one saw him. But this is just a legend
- The silhouette of the sculpture "Motherland" was taken as a basis for the development of the coat of arms and flag of the Volgograd region
During construction, Vuchetich made changes to the project more than once. Little-known fact: at first, the main monument of the ensemble had to look completely different. At the top of the mound, the author wanted to put a sculpture of the Motherland with a red banner and a kneeling fighter. According to the original plan, two monumental staircases led to it. They managed to be built when Vuchetich went to Khrushchev, the then leader of the country, and convinced him that it would be better if people began to climb the serpentine path to the top.
But these are not all the changes that the master made to the already finished project. Valentina Klyushina, who was the deputy director of the memorial for many years, told me how all this happened. During the years of the creation of the complex, she worked in the Volgograd City Executive Committee and oversaw the construction.
- "Motherland" Vuchetich decided to leave alone. He also removed the pompous pedestal, practically repeating the one on which stands his Soldier-winner in Treptower Park. The main figure became taller - 36 meters. But this option did not last long either. As soon as the builders had time to make the foundation, the author increased the size of the sculpture. Up to 52 meters! In the competition between the superpowers, it was necessary for the main monument of the USSR to be taller than the American Statue of Liberty. We had to urgently "load" the foundation so that it could withstand the 85-meter (with the sword) sculpture weighing 8 thousand tons. At that time, 150 thousand tons of earth were laid in the embankment. And since the deadlines were running out, a military battalion was allocated to help the brigades.
There was a problem with the current Hall of Military Glory. It was supposed to install a panorama canvas there. As soon as the "box" of the building was built, Vuchetich decides that the panorama should be placed separately. And then they did. And in the finished structure along the perimeter of the walls there are mosaic banners with the names of the fallen defenders of the city. The author also quickly passed this question through the Central Committee of the CPSU.
There was also an embarrassment with these same banners. Here is what Klyushina said:
Masters from Leningrad worked with the mosaic. Art glass was supplied from the Ukrainian city of Lisichansk. Mosaic workers laid out the interior as the material arrived. When everything was ready and the scaffolding was removed, everyone gasped. The tones on the wall were so different that it looked like a chessboard. The completion date of the object was approaching. And Vuchetich had no choice but to call "up". This time Brezhnev. He immediately dialed the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine Shelest and explained the problem to him. In a word, a few days later the cars delivered new glass to Volgograd.
Now imagine: it's June, four months are left before the opening of the memorial. And it is necessary to restore the forests again, prepare and lay more than a thousand square meters of multi-colored glass pieces. The legendary commander of the 62nd Army Vasily Chuikov helped a lot. By the way, he was Vuchetich's chief consultant for the project. 500 soldiers were dispatched to the construction headquarters. The fighters worked in the Stakhanov way. Within three weeks, the interior of the hall acquired its intended look.
But these are not all the difficulties that the creators of the complex faced. On one of the spring days of the same 1967, a critical situation arose with a 33-meter sword.
... As usual, the chief engineer of Volgogradgidrostroy, Yuri Abramov, went to work at the headquarters in the morning. On the way he came across a flock of boys arguing ... why is the sword swinging so strongly in the hand of the Motherland? Abramov raised his head and was horrified. They immediately carried out operational intelligence, and the very next day a special commission arrived from Moscow. It soon became clear that the designers did not take into account the data of long-term observations of the wind rose. So it turned out that the sword turned out to be turned flat in relation to the wind. We urgently had to make several holes in it so that it could blow freely. In addition, the commission generally recommended replacing the heavy titanium sword with a lighter steel one.
At the very finish of the construction site, 50 powerful floodlights were required to illuminate the sculpture. They could not be obtained anywhere. The country at that time was preparing to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution - and everything that was produced went to Moscow and Leningrad according to the order. Klyushina was sent to the capital to the chairman of the Moscow City Executive Committee Promyslov. He said that Moscow could not help. And he advised me to go to the manufacturer. And Klyushina rushed to the city of Gusev, in the Kaliningrad region. The director of "Electromash" also threw up his hands at the request. Then he thought about it and invited Valentina to speak on the factory radio in front of the workers and ask them to work beyond the norm. Two additional shifts were organized and the Saira searchlights went to Volgograd. On October 15, 1967, the monument-ensemble was solemnly opened.
The construction lasted eight years and five months. The memorial has been standing for another forty years. He always looked dignified. Even when everything in the country collapsed and fell into disrepair, the grass was neatly trimmed on the mound. But only the people working here know what this order is worth. And how you have to knock out money from the bosses of all ranks in order to patch and repair a huge unique economy.
Someone inadvertently said that, they say, "Motherland" is so tilted that it may soon fall. This is nonsense. “Any structure of this type,” says the director of the memorial, retired general Vladimir Berlov, “can bend over. This is even provided for by the designers. Let's say that the design of our monument is designed for a deflection of 272 millimeters. The figure, - continues Berlov, - is constantly examined for the formation of cracks, roughness, its position is analyzed. And the analysis of concrete chips, carried out in a German laboratory, showed an excellent state of the structure and the presence of the necessary margin of safety. From the inside, it is supported by 99 tension ropes. Believe me, says the director, this system will never allow the monument to tilt to a critical level. "
You can take a walk with Sergey Dolya inside the monument
And here is a walk with Artemy Lebedev
At the end of June 1941, perhaps, the main graphic work of the Great Patriotic War was published, which later entered all history textbooks - Irakli Toidze's poster "The Motherland Calls." By the artist's own admission, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a collective image of a mother calling for her sons for help came to him quite by accident. Hearing the first message from the Soviet Information Bureau about the attack of Nazi Germany on the USSR, Toidze's wife ran into his workshop shouting "War!" Struck by the expression on her face, the artist ordered his wife to freeze and immediately began to sketch the future masterpiece. In the future, the very concept of "Motherland-Mother" became almost the cornerstone of all Soviet propaganda, embodied in countless imitations and migrated to adjacent areas visual arts, including the monumental.
] sourceshttp://www.volgastars.ru
http://www.glavagosudarstva.ru
http://waralbum.ru
The original article is on the site InfoGlaz.rf The link to the article this copy was made from is
The Great Patriotic War, apparently, will never be forgotten. The Victory was too hard for us. In every city there are either squares, or parks and squares, where monuments are erected to its heroes.
Woman with sword
A whole ensemble has been created on the famous Mamaev Kurgan (Volgograd). It is dedicated to those who won the Ideological and Compositional Center of this large structure - a sculpture that is known all over the world. It is called "The Motherland Calls!" True, not everyone knows that she herself is not independent, but part of a triptych, but the central one.
The second part of the complex is the composition "Rear - Front". It has been completed and is now in Magnitogorsk. It is depicted how a worker gives a sword to a warrior. And it was forged just in the Urals. And the whole ensemble is also completed by a well-known monument - "The Liberator Warrior". Location - Berlin.
The tallest
Many are interested in the height of the Motherland statue in Volgograd. We answer: 85 meters, and the woman's height is 52 meters. The weight of the structure is 8000 tons. The length of the sword is 3300 cm. And it weighs no less than 14,000 kg! These are the "passport" parameters of this unique piece.
In the year the construction was completed, the sculpture turned out to be the largest in the world. She even entered the Guinness Book of Records. Compare: the Statue of Liberty rises by 46 m from the pedestal, and the height of Christ (the Redeemer) is only 38. Today, given the height of the Motherland, experts assigned it 11th place in the list
It was a long time ago
Great importance was attached to the construction of such a memorial. They took into account everything. And also the height of the Motherland statue. They were not limited either in money or in the most modern building materials. The best creators were invited. The main thing here was Yevgeny Vuchetich - People's Artist of the USSR, a participant in the Great Patriotic War. He has already made a marvelous army (ten years ago) that adorns Berlin's Treptower Park. Also his work - "Breaking swords into plowshares." The sculpture flaunts in front of the UN building in New York.
Nikolai Nikitin, a professor-architect, as well as a doctor of technical sciences, was appointed as the head of the engineering group. In the 50s, he designed the buildings of the Moscow State University. In the future, he will be assigned to work on the Ostankino tower. Now calculations of particular complexity were needed. For this monument has a super great height. “Motherland” in Volgograd must be impeccable.
From a military point of view, Vasily Chuikov, Marshal, took up the consultation. At the front he was nicknamed the "storm commander". It was he who commanded the 62nd Army, which did not surrender the Mamayev Kurgan to the enemy. During the defense of Stalingrad, Chuikov came up with special assault groups. They suddenly burst into houses, passing to them through underground communications. The Germans could not even understand where this blow fell from.
After the war, the marshal was rewarded for his work on the monument in an original way: they were allowed (at his request) to be buried on Mamayev Kurgan, next to those 34505 soldiers who died defending Stalingrad. In 1982, their commander himself was buried near the Motherland.
The architectural and engineering group has created the figure of a woman (the height of the Motherland statue, as we have already said, is 85 meters), who is taking an impetuous, energetic step forward. In her hand is a sword raised against the invaders. the country calls the people to the battle with the enemy.
The prototype of the statue
And who, I wonder, posed then for the sculptor? The candidacy - Valentina Izotova - was found by chance. Now she is a pensioner, a resident of Volgograd. And then she was 26 years old. And she worked as a waitress in a restaurant. There Vuchetich's assistant, also a sculptor L. Maistrenko, saw her. He liked the stern, serious face, the athletic figure of Izotova, her purposeful look. The candidacy was approved.
This work took Valentina Ivanovna two years. Be that as it may, but the creative process is difficult. Moreover, given the incredible height of the sculpture. “Motherland” in Volgograd really turned out to be outstanding. People come from everywhere to look at it, to pay tribute to the defenders of the country. At night the light of powerful searchlights falls on the monument (the height of the Motherland is really striking), and the impression is strong.
Interesting fact. When we decided to develop a design for the flag and the area), we decided to take the silhouette as a basis. There were no other opinions. And also on a postage stamp of the GDR, issued in 1983, is the same image.
Difficult job
Being in this place, you understand the full significance of those battles. For more than four months (more precisely, 140 days) there were bloody, fierce battles for only one point - height No. 102. And every piece of this land is still dangerous. Although more than 70 years have passed since there were no more shots and volleys here, people still find shells on the hill, which did not explode then. That is why this territory was chosen to perpetuate the feat of people.
The construction of an unusual monument (the height of the Motherland is very high) began in 1959, in the spring. Completed in the fall of 1967. That is, the work has been going on for more than eight years. First - laying the concrete foundation. A box-base was placed on top. The builders intended to lay stones on the pedestal. But an order came from General Secretary Khrushchev, and 150 thousand tons of earth were poured from above in order to further strengthen the foundation. Therefore, today the top of the mound is imported.
Under the sculpture (the height of the Motherland is amazing) there is a thick (one and a half meters) slab and another 16 meters base.
Reduced layout
When it was the turn of the woman's figure, they cast it right here on the hill. How else, if the height of the Motherland statue in Volgograd is extremely high! But the scaled-down (exactly tenfold) model stood nearby. And then gradually, looking at the stencil, they poured tier by tier. So the "woman" was collected. Trucks with cargo arrived here around the clock. Everything was done very efficiently. Concrete, for example, was taken exactly the same that was allocated for the Volga hydroelectric power station. And the fillers for it were also chosen in the most careful way.
But now the whole figure is ready. Then they took hold of the head. True, they cast it separately. And they were lifted by a helicopter. There was no other way to do it. The height of "Motherland" did not allow.
I had to work a lot with the sword. First, it was made of stainless steel, sheathed with strong pieces (titanium). However, it swayed from the wind, thundered strongly. That is why, in 1972, this weapon was removed and a different, steel structure was installed.
Restoration
Restoration measures were carried out in 1972 and 1986. Five years ago, they were engaged in ensuring his safety. After all, the height of the monument "Motherland" in Volgograd is not enough to say decent. She's huge! And over time, everything changes, gets old, weakens. And this is even despite the fact that the thickness of the reinforced concrete walls of the monument is 25-30 cm. Inside it is assembled from large individual cells. The frame, itself rigid, is nevertheless supported by 119 cables of durable metal. And they constantly experience a powerful tension.
The heaviest sword with its fabulously gigantic size swayed from the wind. And where it was attached to the woman's hand, there was an excess of tension. The design of the sword has become deformed over time. So we worked on this problem as well.
Sliding down
Since the height of the “Motherland” is great, and the figure stands on clay soil, which slowly but invariably slides towards the Volga, the specialists sounded the alarm. After all, the statue can collapse. She has already shifted by 214 mm. And this is almost 80 percent of the allowable initial calculations. But experts say: the planned strength has not yet been exhausted.
This project was conceived for a deflection of 272 mm. And its base was slightly deformed. In total, the norms went away only by 90 mm. After the next restoration, the monument will serve for a long time.
Volgograd, May 8 - AiF-Volgograd. Phidias, Praxitel, Rodin - these names are known to the whole world. Thanks to the skilled turtle, the name of the sculptor Donatello is heard. But our history also had its own sculptors who received universal recognition. So, in Volgograd, for example, there are works by Vera Mukhina (on the dome of the Planetarium) and Yevgeny Vuchetich (Mamayev Kurgan and the statue of Lenin (until 1960 - Stalin) on the Fadeev embankment).
We are the envy of all bourgeois ...
By the way, Vuchetich is the author of two statues of the Motherland at once. The central figure of the memorial on Mamayev Kurgan is perhaps the pinnacle (in all respects) of the famous sculptor's work. Here the gigantism of Vuchetich's thinking fully showed itself.
“What did we want to say to people with this monument on the site of bloody battles and immortal deeds? - he said after the end of construction architectural ensemble... - We strove to convey, first of all, the indestructible moral spirit of Soviet soldiers, their selfless devotion to the Motherland. The monument to the heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad is a monument to the greatest historical event. That is why we were looking for large-scale, especially monumental solutions and forms, which, in our opinion, would most fully convey the scope of mass heroism. "
However, the size of the complex is determined not only by the author's vision, but also by Khrushchev's direct instruction: the Motherland should be higher than the American Statue of Liberty. Higher means higher. Business ...
Sisters in arms
After the death of Yevgeny Vuchetich, the construction of the second Motherland was completed: in Kiev. The statue itself is smaller than the Volgograd one, but it stands on a 40-meter pedestal, inside which there is a museum. Therefore, the colossus is visible from afar.
Initially, it was planned to cover the figure with gold leaf, but then this idea was abandoned. In general, Vuchetich's project underwent some changes, since after his death the Kiev master Vasily Borodai, who had his own vision, took up the business.
The metal statue was erected using a crane specially made for this construction site. By the time the object was delivered, they did not have time to dismantle that crane and was simply cut with an autogenous gun. And the ends are in the water. In a literal sense: the metal skeleton was drowned in the Dnieper, so as not to be an eyesore to the party leadership.
Sometimes Volgograd and Kiev residents argue about whose Motherland is better. Residents of other cities of Russia and Ukraine are drawn into the controversy. From sculpture they break into politics. But both buildings have their admirers. In addition, both "mothers" have one father: Evgeny Vuchetich. And he did not design his statues in order to play off peoples. After all, the Motherland at that time was one for everyone. And both "daughters" of Vuchetich, I think, calmly and affably look at each other. They know better from above ...
You can safely call it art of the highest level, literally and figuratively. Since ancient times, statues have been a way for people to show their devotion to religion or leave the memory of a significant historical person. Obviously, the larger the statue, the greater its grandeur, so here are the top 10 tallest statues in the world. Perhaps you have already visited the places listed below and the sculptures made an indelible impression on you, share your experience.
For example, I was, of course, in Moscow and saw the Monument to Peter the Great, and also in New York I was photographed with the Statue of Liberty, I plan to visit Rio de Janeiro and climb to the Statue of Christ the Redeemer.
10. Statue of Christ the Redeemerwith outstretched hands is located on the top of the Corcovado mountain in Rio de Janeiro, is a symbol of the city and Brazil in general. The height of one of the most famous statues in the world is 38 m.
9. Sculpture monument "Motherland", located in Kiev on the banks of the Dnieper, rises into the sky by 62 m and is 102 meters with a pedestal.
8. Statue "Motherland Calls!"standing in russian city Volgograd, dedicated to the "Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad." The total height of the monument is 85 m. The statue is an image of the Motherland, calling its sons to fight the enemy.
7. Statue of Liberty (illuminating the world) is perhaps the most famous sculpture in the world, often referred to as the symbol of the United States. The copper statue is located on Liberty Island in New York, its height is 93 m including the base.
6. Sculptural Monument to Peter I in Moscow. Monument 98 m high made of bronze and stainless steel, installed on artificial island at the confluence of the Moskva River and the Obvodny Canal. The monument was designed by the Georgian architect Zurab Tsereteli and there is an unofficial opinion that the sculpture was originally dedicated to Christopher Columbus, but after being rejected by the American government, it was sold to Russia as a representation of Peter the Great.
5. Buddha statue - Sendai Dai Kannon located in the Japanese city of Sendai. It is the sixth tallest statue in the world with a height of 100 m, and has a lift for tourists who can climb to the top of the statue and enjoy the spectacular view.
4. Sculptures the first two emperors China Yangand Huangare located in Zhengzhou city in China. The height of the sculptures is 106 m, which is the fifth tallest statue in the world.
3. Statue of the goddess Guanyin in Sanya height 108 m is located on the Hainan island in China. The statue has three faces, one of which faces the mainland of China, and the other two face South China Seablessing China.
2. Bronze Buddha statue Usyku Daibutsu installed in Japan in the city of Ushiku. Its height, together with a platform and a pedestal in the form of a lotus flower, is 120 m. Tourists who want to admire the surroundings can take the elevator to observation platform at a height of 85 meters.
Is the largest statue in the world made of copper. Located in Henan Province, China. Its height is 128 m, including the pedestal, but if we also take into account the hill on which the statue is located, the height will be 208 m.
