The Tu-134 passenger aircraft was developed by the Tupolev design bureau. The aircraft was mass-produced from 1966 to 1984 and supplied to Aeroflot and airlines in Eastern Europe. A total of 852 Tu-134 aircraft of all variants were built.
Over the entire period of operation, Tu-134 aircraft suffered 11 accidents, including one terrorist attack and one collision in the air. In most cases, the Tu-134 crashed while landing.
On May 23, 1971, during landing, a Tu-134 of the Yugoslavian Aviagenex airline crashed with 78 passengers and four crew members on board. Five people survived.
On October 19, 1986, in the region of the Transvaal province (South Africa), a Tu-134 disaster occurred, with 28 people on board. 18 of them died.
On December 12, 1986, while approaching the Schönefeld airport (Germany), an Aeroflot Tu-134 crashed. Of the 73 passengers and eight crew members on board, 69 people were killed, the rest were injured.
On February 27, 1988, while landing at the Surgut airport, the Tu-134 of the Belarusian administration crashed civil aviationflying Minsk - Kuibyshev - Tyumen - Surgut. There were victims.
On January 13, 1990, 45 km from Sverdlovsk, a Tu-134, flying along the Tyumen - Ufa - Volgograd route, with 64 passengers and six crew members on board, had an accident. As a result, 23 people were killed, 30 were injured.
On August 27, 1992, when landing at the airport of the city of Ivanovo, the Tu-134 of the Ivanovo air squadron, which was flying Mineral water - Donetsk - Ivanovo. The plane fell 3 km from the takeoff landing strip... 82 people were killed.
On September 9, 1994, a Tu-134 aircraft belonging to the Gromov Flight Testing Institute crashed in the Moscow region. During a coaxial training and research flight in the air, the vehicle collided with a Tu-22M strategic bomber. Eight people were killed.
On June 24, 1995, at the airport of the Nigerian capital Lagos, a Tu-134 belonging to aviation enterprise Komi Republic "Komiavia" and leased from the Nigerian Ministry of Air Transport. 10 people were killed.
September 3, 1997 in adverse weather conditions during landing at international airport Pochentong (Cambodia) crashed a Tu-134 of the Vietnamese air transport company Vietnam Airlines. Of the 66 people on board, one child survived.
On August 25, 2004, a Tu-134 passenger plane of the Volga-Aviaexpress airline crashed in the Tula region. The liner operated the flight Moscow - Volgograd. 35 passengers and nine crew members were killed. The cause of the accident was a terrorist attack.
On March 17, 2007, the Tu-134 aircraft, performing flight No. 471 on the route Surgut - Samara - Belgorod, landed 400 meters before the start of the runway of the Samara airport Kurumoch, touched the ground with its wing and fell apart. Six people were killed. The accident was caused by a crew error.
You and I live in turbulent times (however, when was it calm?), The events in Egypt, then in France. And then all this reminded me of another sad incident: the crash passenger aircraft Tu-134 (airline "Volga-aviaexpress"), not far from the village of Buchalki, Kimovsky district of the Tula region. The plane was heading from Moscow to Volgograd, but on August 24, 2004, the irreparable happened.
In fact, I wanted to tell more about the memorial, but sad events cannot be avoided either. Literally, in a nutshell, I will explain what happened and show the hard-to-find reports of Channel One (the video, of course, is not so-so, but there were no others).
Plane crash in the Tula region
The tragedy took place on the evening of August 24, 2004. Residents of the Buchalki village heard a sharp bang, similar to an explosion or a thunderclap. Then, very close, there was a blow to the ground - a plane fell into the field. Very close (less than a kilometer) to the village school and residential buildings.
Tu-134 (tail number 65080) took off from Moscow Domodedovo at 22.02, was in the air for less than half an hour, at 22.54 the plane disappeared from the radar screens. An hour later, a local resident discovered the wreckage of the tail of the plane and the backpack of one of the passengers in the field.
At night, rescuers from the Ministry of Emergencies arrived at the scene of the disaster, but it was impossible to search in the dark: they postponed it until dawn. In the morning, the wreckage of the fuselage and the body of the vehicle were found.
After the first inspection, it turned out that the Tu-134, while still in the air, split into two parts, spun in place, turned over and fell flat down from a height of 9500 meters.
But that's not all. With an interval of one minute, in Rostov region the second airliner, Tu-154, crashed. A total of 90 people died. It was later established that the disasters were the fault of two suicide bombers.
* Video glued from two reports of the First Channel. The quality and sound leave a lot to be desired, though.
Memorial at the crash site of the Tu-134 in the Tula region
On the initiative of the head of the Volgograd region, a monument of black granite and white marble in the form of a cube split into four parts was erected in the place of the plane crash, on which the names and surnames of the victims were carved. But, come on, in order.
We visited this place in September (we were returning from Kulikovo field and decided to turn to Buchaki). We did not find the memorial right away (we drove up there not from Buchaloki, but from Pavlovka), and if not for locals, then, most likely, they would not have found it at all.
Yes, there are signs on the road, but at one of the forks they end, and the connection in those places is bad, you don't go to Yandex for a map, and we turned in exactly the wrong direction. I had to go back and ask for directions.
The territory of the monument is paved paving slabs, through the joints of which meadow grass is already breaking through. A white metal fence with a gate, the aforementioned split cube with a toy airplane lurking between parts.
By the way, the very site with the monument, if you look at it from a height, has the shape of an airplane. Symbolically ...
Flower beds with orange marigolds. And ... 43 young birch trees, one for each person killed in a terrible accident. A small chapel and a Poklonny cross, at the base of which small fragments of an aircraft were placed. And the sunset, because we arrived there in the evening.
The place is secluded, but still not far from the village, it is quite possible to walk on foot. Well, that's probably all, it's time to say goodbye. I'll leave you alone with the photos.
Over the decades of operation on the territory of the USSR and the post-Soviet space, TU-134 aircraft have established themselves as a reliable and trouble-free aircraft. However, it was not without accidents. The TU-134 accidents occurred for various objective and subjective reasons, and they were united by one thing - human casualties. Some of them gave impetus to the gradual withdrawal of this model from service in civil aviation and replacing them with more modern vessels.
The mere mention of major plane crashes makes me feel uneasy. The following accidents were the most resonant crashes:
- The crash of the Tu-134 plane near Minsk.
- An accident in Ivanovo.
- The fall of Tu-134 in Kuibyshev.
- The plane crash in Samara.
- The fall of TU-134 during takeoff in the Crimea.
Tragedy near Petrozavodsk
The crash of Tu-134 near Petrozavodsk occurred on June 20, 2011, and it was she who laid the foundation for the withdrawal of Tu-134 aircraft from service in Russia.
During the landing approach, the aircraft hit the trees and crashed to the ground. Most of the passengers died in the crash. This disaster became the largest on the territory of the Republic of Karelia. Experts will later name the main reason for the erroneous actions of the aircraft crew, which refused to go around the plane to avoid falling in the absence of visibility of the landing strip.
In addition, the ship's navigator, who was in a state of alcoholic intoxication at the time of the flight, took the initiative in making critical decisions. The dispatcher of the Petrozavodsk airport several times tried to convince the crew not to land, but to no avail. Another prerequisite for the tragedy was the incorrect weather forecast transmitted to the crew by the airport meteorological service. Outdated technical equipment of the aircraft also played a significant role.
At the crash site, a memorial was erected in memory of the victims of the tragedy, seven victims received compensation. As a result of the court proceedings, an official of the Federal Air Transport Agency Eduard Voitovsky, the head of the Petrozavodsk airport and the head of the meteorological service of the airport were found guilty.
The crash of TU-134 near Minsk
On February 1, 1985, there was a major disaster of the Tu-134 near Minsk. Almost after the takeoff of the plane en route Minsk - Leningrad, both engines of the vessel alternately failed, as a result of which the plane crashed in the forest. Of the 80 people on board, 22 survived. Investigation of the incident led to the conclusion that the crew members were not at fault in this incident. The question of how both aircraft engines fell into disrepair remained controversial. TU-134 produced in 1977 was in excellent condition at that time.
As a possible cause, as a result of the inspection, it was found that ice entered the engines, which led to their surging and destruction.
It was not possible to reliably confirm this version, since the ice, possibly trapped in the engines, melted at the time of the accident. Subsequent experiments with the engines of this model nevertheless confirmed the version with the ingress of ice to the inputs of the engines, but did not reveal the cause of the possible glaciation.
Tragedy in Ivanovo
The crash of the Tu-134 in Ivanovo happened on August 27, 1992, when the plane was approaching. The ship crashed into non-residential buildings in the Lebyazhy Lug village near the airport.
No one was injured among the residents of the village, but all passengers and crew members on board the aircraft died in a matter of seconds. The reasons for the terrible tragedy can be called uncoordinated actions of the aircraft crew and violations of the rules of flight and landing approach. After the command of the airport dispatcher to descend, the plane banked to the right and left the airway.
The captain of the ship made an attempt to get the plane out of the roll and perform a maneuver by banking the liner to the left. As a result of the resulting overloads, the vessel did not have time to prepare for a safe landing, however, the commander insisted on continuing the descent without going around. One of the wings of the plane touched trees, as a result of which a fall and collision with non-residential buildings began. It was they who saved the residents of the nearby houses of the village from a possible fall into the list of victims of the disaster. In fact, in this case, the main cause of the tragedy was the human factor.
Plane crash in Kuibyshev
One of the most ridiculous for its reason, but major tragedies is the disaster of Tu-134 in Kuibyshev, which occurred on October 20, 1986.
The plane, while making an intermediate landing at Kurumoch airport, descended at high speed, because of which the landing gear broke on the runway, the ship slipped along the ground, broke in two, and a fire started. 70 people were killed.
The reason for the tragedy was a dispute between the aircraft commander and the rest of the crew on the subject of whether the first would be able to land the ship blindly. Alexander Klyuev, the ship's commander, limited his visibility with a curtain on the cockpit window and in this position began to descend. The co-pilot flew without a curtain, but did not warn his colleague about the possible danger and did not make a proposal for the ship to enter the second circle.
After the fall, he actively helped the passengers to get out of the car engulfed in flames and died of a heart attack on the way to the hospital. Alexander Klyuev was subsequently charged. He was sentenced to 15 years, of which he spent six years in prison and was released after a review of the case. So negligence and excitement at the workplace led to the death of a large number of people.
Accident involving Tu-134 in Samara
Like many previous incidents, the Tu-134 disaster in Samara occurred at the time of landing.
Due to sharply deteriorating weather conditions and the lack of visibility of the landing strip lights, the plane deviated from the course. The dispatcher of the Kurumoch airport informed the crew about this, however, he did it untimely and in insufficient detail for an objective assessment of the situation. The crew of the ship did not consider it necessary to take the ship on a go-around, as a result of which the plane landed outside the runway. The landing gear struts did not withstand the load and broke, and the plane itself fell to one side, and its front part broke off from the fuselage. Six of the 57 people on board were killed.
The ship's commander and co-pilot were found guilty of the incident, and were sentenced to 4 and 2 years of probation. The situation was also predetermined by the shortcomings of the regulatory documentation in the work of the airport dispatcher service, which did not allow the dispatcher to timely transmit to the crew information about the deteriorating weather conditions and the scale of the aircraft deviation from the landing course.
On July 10, 2006, the TU-134 crashed during takeoff. The plane was supposed to follow the flight Simferopol - Moscow. While picking up speed during the takeoff run, a bird suddenly got into the ship's engine. The ship's crew made an urgent decision to terminate the flight. The plane began emergency braking, but taking into account the mass of the vessel, adjusted for the mass of full refueling, it was not immediately possible to stop it.
The car rolled out of the runway, where it hit the ravine with the landing gear and broke in half. Fuel leaking out from under the destroyed right wing plane caught fire. Fortunately, none of the passengers were injured. The ship itself was written off after the damage it received. Another good moment was that the ship's crew managed to take the plane away from the airport buildings, avoiding casualties.
This is just an incomplete list of accidents involving the Tu-134 aircraft. The number of them seems to be large in comparison with the Vickers Viscount aircraft, the only disaster involving which occurred in 1960 near Moscow. It is difficult to identify patterns that predetermine crashes. Each such case occurs due to an individual set of factors and is then carefully investigated. An approximate list of critical factors includes the following reasons:
- Sharply deteriorated weather conditions are an objective reason, the occurrence of which is sometimes not possible to predict.
- The human factor is a set of erroneous actions, wrong decisions made in a critical situation, criminal negligence preceding the tragedy. It is also very difficult to prevent these events.
- Aircraft technical malfunction. As in the case of the crash near Minsk, this factor is not related to the negligence of the crew. It is not always possible to find the causes of malfunctions after an accident due to significant damage to the body and motors.
Nevertheless, airplanes have been and remain one of the safest modes of transport, where accidents are, rather, a rare exception to the rule. TU-134 made a contribution to the development of civil and military aviation of the USSR and Russia and can rightfully be considered worthy representatives of aircraft shipbuilding.
In contact with
The plane deviated from the course, began to descend and touched trees, and then already damaged the power line. Because of this, the signal lights of the airport near Petrozavodsk were turned off for several seconds, but it was quickly restored from backup sources. After the collision with the power transmission line, the plane flew a few more meters and collided with the ground, the Federal Air Transport Agency explained to RG.
The reason is being investigated by the Interstate Aviation Committee. "Black boxes" have already been delivered to Moscow yesterday. Their decryption began today at eight in the morning at the IAC laboratory.
The situation is in many ways reminiscent of the classic pilot error, which was also made by Polish pilots near Smolensk. They decided to land the plane at any cost. In Karelia there was also a thick fog, the airport was not included in the list of all-weather ones, and the best solution here would have been to move to another airfield.
Russian Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov, who oversees transport in the government, also adheres to this version. "I do not want to anticipate the investigation, but according to the first data, the pilot's mistake in bad weather conditions is obvious. He did not enter the runway, but to the right," Ivanov told reporters. He added that the pilot in the fog "until the last was looking for the runway visually, did not see it, and then what happened happened." The lighting equipment did not work for several seconds due to the fact that the wires were torn by the released landing gear of this aircraft during the landing approach, the Deputy Prime Minister suggested.
It is not yet known exactly whether the dispatcher gave the command to go around the crew or not. Air traffic controllers cannot mix up the direction in any way. A deviation from the course, even by 20-30 degrees, is clearly visible on the monitor of the aircraft locator, says Sergei Kovalev, head of the Federal Trade Union of Air Traffic Controllers (FPAD). According to him, there have been such cases before, when the pilots confused the runway with the track.
Why, when switching from a long-range drive to a short-range aircraft, did it deviate from the course? According to the honored pilot of Russia Magomed Tolboev, most likely, one of the main reasons was the human factor, because a thousand meters before the runway, one could go on a second circle and assess the situation, and not descend over the tops of trees. The Tu-134 itself, according to him, is a very reliable machine, and in the history of operation there have been no cases when accidents happened due to the failure of equipment on board.
Tolboyev stated that in Russia at this moment flight crew training is not good. At the same time, pilots have to "cuddle" in the little things, even on fuel for the second lap when landing. Some carriers cultivate a risk-saving economy among pilots.
At the same time, we must not forget that the requirements for flight safety are the same as for large companies that are engaged in regular flightsas well as for small ones who live off business orders. The RusAir airline, whose plane crashed near Petrozavodsk, has been making money on VIP charters for fifteen years. Its fleet includes nine Tu-134, one Tu-154, two Yak-40, three Yak-42 and more than a dozen foreign-made aircraft. The Federal Air Transport Agency intends to find out how the carrier complies with safety rules, what is its financial situation. The agency has already begun checking this airline. And, possibly, according to its results, the carrier may be deprived of the operator's certificate.
In addition, before flying to Petrozavodsk, the head of the Ministry of Transport Igor Levitin held a meeting with representatives charter airlines RusAir, RusLine and Domodedovo airport. The Minister found out why on June 17, before the flight to Karelia, the Bombardier plane was replaced by a Tu-134. Air carriers explained this by the large number of people wishing to fly this flight.
Replacing one board with another of a larger capacity is a fairly common practice on business flights, experts say. At the same time, each type of ship needs its own crew, which flies on it. How good was the professional training of the pilots, whether they could rest after the previous flight, now only IAC specialists can say for sure.
Help "RG"
Tu-134 AK airborne N RA-65691, in operation since May 7, 1980, that is, more than 31 years. Has developed its resource by 87 percent. Changed nine owners. The jet Tu-134 has become one of the most successful projects in the field of passenger aircraft construction. It went down in history as the most massive aircraft. Became the first to be certified according to the English airworthiness standards. A total of 852 aircraft were built in various modifications. Now there are 100 liners left.
List of survivors
Stepanov Vladimir Alekseevich, Moscow,
Anton, child, no documents, no data,
Anna Ivanovna Nazarova, city of Segezha, Karelia,
Eremin Sergey Vladimirovich, Moscow,
Skvortsova Yulia Sergeevna, Moscow,
Belgesov Sergey, Moscow,
Terekhin, there is no other data,
Kargapolova Alexandra Yurievna, registered in Kondopoga, lives in Moscow.
The death toll
Krivchenko Tatiana Petrovna, Samara,
Terekhina Anastasia (14 years old), Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk,
Jakob Vetterut, Swedish citizen,
Alexey Chernetsky, Tomsk,
Shlyakhtich Alexander Sergeevich, Omsk,
Hartvig Oleg Leonidovich, Karelia,
Mityagina Elena Mikhailovna, Moscow,
Kalinin Mikhail Ivanovich, Petrozavodsk,
Nikuyko Nikolay Nikolaevich, Volgograd,
Sofrin Pavel Gennadievich, Moscow,
Samatov Farhad Samatovich, Ivanovo,
Valentina Nazarova, Segezha,
Alexey Klevanov, Moscow,
Alers Hans Guenter, citizen of the Netherlands,
Trofimov Andrey Petrovich, Nizhny Novgorod region,
Saenko Igor Petrovich, Lyubertsy,
Borunov Andrey Anatolyevich, Moscow,
Elena Yurievna Chernikova, Moscow,
Kuznetsova Natalia Mikhailovna, Moscow,
Marina Gordeeva, Moscow,
Banyuk Gennady Fedorovich, Podolsk,
Nikolay Borisovich Trunov, Podolsk,
Simanova, Lyudmila Anatolyevna, dual citizenship of the Russian Federation, USA
Simanov Alexander Yurievich,
Simanova Elizaveta Alexandrovna,
Simanova Ekaterina Ignatievna,
Ryzhov Sergey Borisovich, Chekhov,
Petay Vladimir Leonidovich, Petrozavodsk,
Markov Sergey Nikolaevich, Petrozavodsk,
Lyalin Valery Filippovich, Moscow,
Dmitry Maslov, Moscow,
Osipova Lyubov Viktorovna, Petrozavodsk,
Osipov Georgy Igorevich, Petrozavodsk,
Osipova, Anastasia, Volgograd,
Onishchenko Kristina Anatolyevna, citizen of Ukraine,
Simovyan Vahram Sarkisovich,
The crew of the Tu-134-A3 aircraft (tail number 65691, flight number TsGI 96105)
Fedorov A.I., crew commander,
Karjakin S.N., co-pilot,
A. Attaev, navigator,
Timoshenko V.E., flight mechanic,
Fedorchenko A.A., technician,
Kornyuk M.N., technician,
Gurina Yulia Sergeevna, flight attendant,
Erofeeva E.N., flight attendant
Since the inception of aviation, approach and landing have been the most difficult phase of an aircraft flight. Despite the fact that the time from entering the glide path to landing averages only 5 percent of total flight time, these phases account for about 60 percent of all accidents.
Back in 1996, the World Aviation Safety Fund created a Task Force to develop global recommendations for reducing the number of accidents during approach and landing. The statistics of a huge number of accidents was carefully studied, which showed that every year due to ALA, an average of 17 accidents occur in the world. An extremely ambitious goal was set - to reduce the number of accidents by half over the next five years.
The group included 100 representatives from the world's leading airlines, manufacturers aircraft, airborne and ground radio equipment, educational institutions, research centers and laboratories, professional unions of pilots and air traffic controllers, as well as aviation administrations. It has developed a unique document, the “ALAR Tool Kit” for Accident Risk Reduction. This is, without exaggeration, the world's aviation wisdom, collected bit by bit: here are the answers to the questions posed by life. This document must be studied by everyone, from cadet to chief pilot!
Emergency when landing
On May 3, 2006, an A320-211 of the airline Armavia crashed at the Adler airport. 113 people died.
On September 1, 2006, an Iran Air Tours Tu-154M crashed at Mashhad airport. Of the 148 people, 28 died.
March 17, 2007 Tu-134 airlines UTAir crashed at the Samara airport. Of the 57 people, seven died.
On August 24, 2008, Itek Air's Boeing 737-219 crashed at the Bishkek airport. Of the 90 people, 65 died.
On September 14, 2008 Boeing 737-505 of Aeroflot-Nord airline crashed at Perm airport. 88 people died.
October 26, 2009 Aircraft BAe-125-800B s-Air crashed at the Minsk airport. Five people were killed.
On March 22, 2010 Tu-204-100 of Aviastar-TU airlines landed in the forest at Domodedovo airport.
On April 10, 2010, a Tu-154M of the Polish Air Force crashed at a military airfield in Smolensk. 96 people died.
On August 2, 2010 An-24 plane of Antonov 24RV airline crashed at Igarka airport. Of the 15 people, 12 died.
Prepared by Natalia Yachmennikova
The 38-year-old flew home to Petrozavodsk to rest before the match of the next round of the Premier League "Spartak" - "Rostov", scheduled for June 26 ...
The FIFA referee was a professional. He was difficult, tough, often criticized in his work. In 2005, Pettai was even attacked - someone did not like his refereeing in one of the meetings.
At the same time, he knew how to forget about football and at home with the children became a smiling and caring father.
Vladimir rarely gave interviews, he kept joking: "All I can say, I say on the field. Outside of football, this is my personal space." However, before the start of this season, Pettai made one confession in a conversation with an RG correspondent:
Understand: the complexity of the profession of an arbiter is that it is public. We, as people of art or teachers, are in plain sight during the performance of our duties. A little something went wrong, and your brother starts "digging", looking for a black cat in a dark room ... If earlier the fans and teams thirsted for our "blood", expressing their emotions with shouts, then over time everything became much worse. We have become practically defenseless. Many of my colleagues, as well as myself, have repeatedly found themselves in situations when it came to preserving life and health. But we are doing our job. Bad or good, but we try to improve and grow professionally. And criticism - let it be, it spurs ...
Rosatom has officially confirmed the death of five employees of the state corporation in a plane crash near Petrozavodsk.
The tragedy claimed the lives of leading specialists and heads of enterprises of the engineering and design complex of the corporation, the communications department of the atomic department said.
Three dead - from OKB "Gidropress" in Podolsk near Moscow: director and general designer Sergei Ryzhov, born in 1959, deputy director and chief designer Gennady Banyuk (1946), head of department and chief designer Nikolai Trunov (1959).
The chief technologist of Afrikantov OKBM flew with them and also died ( Nizhny Novgorod) Andrey Trofimov (1975) and the head of the technological development department of JSC Atomenergomash (Moscow) Valery Lyalin, born in 1948.
Reportedly, all five were on their way to a meeting to be held in Karelia at the Petrozavodskmash plant, which has recently been part of the Atomenergoprom nuclear holding. The management of the Rosatom corporation and its structural subdivisions declare a heavy loss of personnel, grieve for the victims and express deep condolences to their loved ones.
