Sleeve, intestine, trunk - as soon as they do not call this fixture for planting passengers to the plane! In fact, it is called a telescopic lady, or simply: teleterap. When they appeared, what is different, what are their advantages and disadvantages and that they will replace them in the future, we will tell in our "liberation" of several parts.
Today we will talk about history. There were no traps at the dawn of aviation at all: the aircraft were then small and you could sit in them right from the ground, like in a carriage or car, the maximum of getting on the footboard.
At the dawn of aviation, passengers went to the plane from the ground
The idea of \u200b\u200blived to this day, and, for example, in most business jets, a small ladder-ladder is embedded right into the fuselage or on the door. Embedded ladders are on airplanes for ordinary people, and not only developed half a century ago (type Yak-40), but also on fairly modern like Bombardier CRJ or AN-148 (and even some), in which the fuselage is located a short distance from the Earth .
Bombardier CRJ-100 with built-in doorway
Later appeared more high aircraftIn which the ladder is not hiding (and it is unsafe on it to climb), and then moving ladders went into move: they can be. As a rule, they are regulated by the height of the upper platform under various types aircraftBut, of course, within certain limits. For some types had to develop special ladders and equip all airports where they flew, or to invent unique solutions. For example, it was with an extremely high Tu-114, which used a system from the airfield ladder and a built-in ladder, leading from its upper platform directly to the aircraft.
That's how it was possible to get into Tu-114, when there was no special ladder under him
Special high ladder under high aircraft
When Khrushchev flew to New York on Tu-114, it turned out that even a sliding ladder under him is little.
Mobile ladders can be slightly more comfortable - for example, have a roof and even built-in escalator. Remember how the king Saudi Arabiawho still stopped during his arrival in Moscow? Such ladders, by the way, were still in the USSR. In the late 1970s, two prototypes manufactured in Riga and sent for testing to Vnukovo Airport.
The King of Saudi Arabia carries a trapp escalator that gets to upper deck Boeing-747. Photo: Vedomosti
The trapp escalator was made in the form of a trailer to the ZIL-130 truck, three ordinary steps were keen to the escalator itself. They say Brezhnev (namely for him and the members of the Politburo were intended miracle-lads) it did not like it, so the experimental ladders remained experimental.
Soviet trapp escalator
However, all the same landing through the usual ladder is not very comfortable - it is necessary to rise and go down with the suitcases, and if it rains, and if the snow and the wind? And even before the lady, you need to get from the terminal or take a bus - the relevance of the problem understood even in the post-war time. In 1952, the company Loadair company WHITING was earned in Colombia: grooves were arranged on the platform, rails were laid, and the trolleys were installed on the rails. The plane was blocked on these carts, after which she began to ride sideways by rail, approaching the ramp of the airproof. Next, the ramps crossed the ramps to the plane, and passengers had already walked and drove the carts with loads - in the same way as in modern warehouses, to which trucks and railway cars rolled up. The decision made it possible to significantly reduce the time of turnover of aircraft by 50%.
In 1955, a similar Loadair system was launched in New York on the 4th Gate American Airlines at Aidlweild Airport (now JFK), here the plane for a minute was driven by sideways by 6 meters under a small canopy, which in the future was paid to equip with refueling hoses, Nearby were oil tanks and ground power supply. Alas, all this economy worked only a year, serving about 1,500 flights: a lot of flaws were revealed during operation. First, for each type it was necessary to lay separate flights (the test system supported only Douglas DC-7). Secondly, in the winter, the grooves were hammered with snow and ice (the problem was solved by the installation of the heating system, but why?), Thirdly, due to the jealous and incommary movement of all the carts there were cases of damage to the chassis.
In general, if not the plane drag to the passenger, it means that passengers need to be dragged to the aircraft. In the 1950s, several "mobile waiting rooms" appeared immediately, that is, buses from which it was possible to get on the plane. That is, first, the passengers went to the bus installed at the terminal and sat calmly in it, and then he drove to the aircraft, was dyed and released passengers.
Trepel Lift Lounge was widely used in the 1980s
Trepel Lift Lounge in Passenger Landing Mode
Trepel Lift Lounge Salon
Now such structures are used mainly in ambuliphes for landing disabled
Trepel VIP Lounge - VIP Hall on Wheels
Earlier version of Trepel VIP Lounge for the USSR, where this car is now unknown
The first such cars had just a built-in transitional ladder, in later the entire salon could rise relative to the chassis. Until the late 1980s, this idea was quite common, even Aeroflot acquired a mobile VIP-Lounge in the German company Trepel. Until now, "Wheel's Lounges" work at Washington Airport (IAD), however, without labors, and for movement between the terminal parts, and, perhaps, still remained in Montreal (Yul).
And in the mid-1980s, the famous Ikarus contrived conceptual buses: among them were not only aerodrome, but also urban! That is, the passenger could sit on the bus directly at the hotel, put the luggage in a special compartment and, walking to the airport, rolling straight to the plane and go to it, and the luggage would be loaded on board on the conveyor at that moment.
It would seem, Ikarus as Ikarus. But no…
In fact, a part of the bus is a ladder
And the same bus is lucky! Well, theoretically
The idea, however, did not take off due to difficulties with airport formalities: There was no online registration for flights, but was already passport control and luggage inspection.
This Ikarus did not go to the series ...
But this neoplan N980 Galaxy Lounge worked from 1981 to 1994 in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia). A two-storey mobile waiting room is designed for 342 people (150 seating sites)
Another system from the 50s got the name Aerobridge. She was developed by Lockheed and, in fact, was really the first telescopic ladder, but not in modern sense. Aerobridge was a gallery on wheels, which drove into the space between the aircraft and the ramp of the airport. It was then stretched under the desired distance, and after the end of the landing was again folded and leaving. She was tested on the basis of the US Air Force "Trevis" in 1956, the disadvantages were also quickly revealed: the "cart" had to be adjusted, and then remove, it took too much time with her.
Ladder? Ladder. Telescopic? Telescopic.
In 1958, the first teleterap of modern understanding appeared.
On steamboats and ships staircase, a gathering board. A dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Pavlekov F., 1907. Skhodni ladder on ships, staircase or walkways. A full dictionary of foreign words included in Russian ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Drapp (Aviation Term) - This term has other meanings, see the ladder. This article or section needs recycling. Please improve the article in Soo ... Wikipedia
ladder - 1) A, m. 1. The staircase on the vessel. Drapp in the engine room. □ People pass through narrow iron traps and corridors to the depths of the ship, in Kubriki. Vishnevsky, we are from Kronstadt. || Device to enter the shipboard and descent from it. From the ship ... ... Small Academic Dictionary
Onboard gear - On-board (built-in) aircraft ladder aircraft, which is part of the equipment of the aircraft. Used for landing and disembarking passengers at airfields without using a regular ladder. Constructively can be combined with the door (Il 86, ... ... Wikipedia
Folding gear - Airplane is a hard type of aircraft ladder: a folding part of the fuselage covering with steps from the inside for planting and disembarking passengers on airfields that are not equipped with other, autonomous, traps. Side ladders ... ... Wikipedia
cargo Drapp of Transport Aircraft - Cargo Drapp - [GOST 22285 76] Themes Equipment. Cargo Cab Transport Aircraft Synonyms for Cargo Drapp ...
wing inflatable emergency onboard aviation ladder - Wing Inflatable Draper Inflatable Emergency Side Aviation Drapp, designed to emergency evacuation of people with a wing of an airplane or helicopter on land or water. [GOST 22949 78] Themes Aviation Avar. savage. board. Equipment synonyms ... ... Technical translator directory
inflatable emergency onboard aviation ladder - Inflatable ladder Aviation ladder in the form of an inflatable design designed to emergency evacuation of people from an airplane or helicopter to land or water. Note Depending on the number of tracks, the tracks are distinguished, two-haired, ... ... Technical translator directory
fuselative inflatable emergency onboard aviation ladder - Fuselative Inflatable Draper Inflatable Emergency Side Aviation Drapp, designed to emergency evacuation of people from the fuselage of an airplane or helicopter on land or water. [GOST 22949 78] Themes Aviation Avar. savage. board. Equipment ... ... Technical translator directory
combined inflatable emergency rescue aircraft raft - TPL Trap raft inflatable emergency airborne aviation trawl, which can be used as a rescue fleet with an emergency landing of an aircraft or a helicopter into water. Note Depending on the number of tracks, the slaughters distinguish, ... ... Technical translator directory
Large aircraft crashes of passenger aircraft in Russia in 2010-2012 - This is not the only major plane crash that occurred in Russia over the past three years. April 2 April 2 ATR-72 aircraft ATAIR airlines, which flew Tyumen - Surgut, fell during takeoff from Tyumen Airport. On board were 43 ... ... Encyclopedia Newsmakers
For the rapid and safe shutting of passengers to the ground in the event of an emergency landing of the aircraft on an unequipped platform or in case of emergency at Earth on aircraft civil aviation TN-2 inflatable emergency lathes are used with high fuselage (on Tu-104A aircraft, Tu-104B, IL-62, Tu-154), TN-3 (on IL-18 aircraft, Tu-134), TN-5 ( on aircraft Tu-114). Inflatable ladders on the plane are placed near the entrance doors.
Inflatable ladder is a chute consisting of two longitudinal inflatable "beams" interconnected by transverse cylinders. The free space between the longitudinal "beams" with the transverse cylinders is closed with a cloth with rubberized tissue. Thus, it turns out a pretty rigid tray along which the sliding descent of passengers and the crew is produced. In the upper part of the longitudinal "beams" circular chambers serving handrails when entering the ladder, and three inflatable chambers forming the threshold of the route and thereby preventing passengers from bruises about the doorway on the doorway threshold are pasted into the upper part of the transverse cylinder. Two are attached to the ladder stamps with tips (brackets), which the ladder is fixed under the threshold of the doorway of the aircraft.
Inflatable emergency ladders depending on the type (TN-2, TN-3, TN-5) have a different length in the operating position (from 4250 to 7760 mm) and filled with carbon dioxide from cylinders with a capacity of 8 liters. The tightness of the inflatable ladder allows them to use it within 30 minutes, after which the ladder gradually loses its! rigidity. The weight of the ladder in the case (without a balloon and sleeves) from 20 (TN-3) to 30 kg (TN-5). Weight of one cylinder filled carbon dioxide, equal to 16 kg, including carbon dioxide weight 5 kg. Maximum pressure in a la soup 0.45 atm, time of filling the ladder 20-25 seconds. Packaging case of the ladder is fasten using conical pins and studs (by the type of parachute packaging), has an additional lacing for tatting a ladder in a case in the package.
Inflatable emergency trap significantly accelerates the evacuation of passengers from the aircraft in an emergency case. The planes that are available on airplanes also serve to quickly evacuate passengers from the aircraft. In the presence of inflatable emergency trains on the Tu-114 aircraft, rescue marley gutters are used as a duplicate rescue agent. On the Tu-104 and Tu-124 aircraft, rescue mothers are the main means of rapidly evacuating passengers to the ground.
The procedure for the use of aviation emergency and rescue inflatable ladder and emergency gutter is given in the patterns of diagrams and in special instructions.
Use inflatable TN:
- 1. Drapp, laid in a case, put on the doorway threshold.
- 2. Fasten the tips of the strap stripes in the doorway threshold nodes and push the ladder with a cover outside.
- 3. To endure the cable studs from the cover of the cover, after which the case will open, and the ladder will fall out on the ground.
- 4. Turn the shutter knob of the cylinder. The ladder will be filled with gas.
- 5. Go down on the ladder one-two members of the aircraft crew and insure passengers on Earth when they are granted from a ladder.
With a strong lateral wind, one or two crew members are descended over the rope with buses (knots) to the ground and pull out the ladder from the aircraft when filling, preventing the demolition of the ladder under the aircraft.
To ensure the rescue of passengers and the crew in the event of a forced landing of an aircraft on water in civil aviation, individual and group plastessions are provided.
Individual plaquinities include ASZH-63P rescue vests, which are designed to maintain a person afloat after leaving the aircraft and to landing it on group plating (inflatable air rescue rafts) or other means of salvation (boats, boats, boats, passing ships, helicopters, and T . P.).
The ASZH-63P vest has a bib, consists of two inflatable chambers and is filled with gaseous carbon dioxide from the cylinder. The vest is put on the neck through the hole and fixes on the belt using the Kapron Tape. The weight of the dwelling is 950. The vest material is a two-layer rubberized yellow fabric. Filling with carbon dioxide occurs in 5-7 seconds. To inflate the vest of the mouth there are two tubes with mouthpieces and valves. The vest has a signaling equipment - a signal lamp that runs from the battery with a water element, and a signal whistle for feeding signals in the dark and fog. To bring the battery element to action, you need to pull the plugs covering the holes in the battery in the water. Regardless of what state is in the water, the vest supports his face up. The vest allows, if necessary, turn the chest and sail in any way. The ASZH-63P vest can support two people afloat. One person with a rusty vest can support another person without rescue vest.
Group plastessions include inflatable rescue rafts SP-12, PSN-10, PSN-B, calculated by 12, respectively, 10, 6 people. The carrying capacity of the SP-12, PSN-10, PSN-6, respectively, is equal to 1300, 1400, 1000 kg. The weight of the Plots SP-12, PSP-10, PSN-6, equipped with equipment, is equal to 65, 70.47 kg. Made rescue rafts from two- and three-layer ^ diagonal-dubbed rubberized tissue of orange and yellow. The rules for bringing the rafts into the working position and use them are applied on the outer shell of the fleet and inside the dam on the Tente, as well as in special instructions. Currently, LAS-5M-2 boat is universally replaced by -dant rafts with an awning.
Placing emergency rescue on aircraft when flying over aquatic space
In accordance with the domestic and foreign practice of the development and use of aviation rescue, civil aviation aircraft during flights above the aquatic space have rescue vests for each passenger and a crew member, located on board the aircraft, located in such a way that every passenger and crew member can easily Get it from your place. Usually aviation life jackets are placed under the seats of passenger seats and near the workplaces of crew members, including flight attendants.
All aircraft when flying over the aquatic space at a large distance from the coast, in addition to rescue vests Or equivalent devices, have rescue rafts on board in an amount sufficient to accommodate all persons on board the aircraft. Rescue rafts are located in such a way as to provide free access to them in the event of an accident.
The rafts have rescue equipment (power facilities and equipment for pyrotechnic disaster signals: rockets, daycopathroys day and night, etc.).
In addition to the rafts, on board aircraft when flying at a large distance from the coast there are radio transmitters, impenetrable for water, non-obsteen and easy to use outside the aircraft who do not have skills. Rescue rafts and vests are equipped with electric lighting,
to facilitate the detection of the victims of the accident. The rafts and emergency radio transmitters are located near the outputs and spare (emergency) aircraft hatches in the attachment nodes, are placed in special compartments that occupy the lobby and passenger salons, or compartments located in the wing.
). Folding onboard swabs exclude problems when using an external ladder. Drapp, combined with the door, can be a hindrance for setting a mobile or telescopic ladder at the airport.
The tail embedded ladder is often used on passenger aircraft with rear engines (Caravelle, Yak-40, Boeing 727). Almost always the staircase here is part of the hatch cover.
The embedded ladder simplifies the operation of airplanes in insufficiently well-equipped airports, so the built-in laces were distributed on airplanes of the second half of the 20th century. On some types of aircraft, the built-in ladder was a mandatory part of the design. An example is the IL-86, the only wide-body aircraft in the world, produced with integrated traps. The development of airports and the distribution of stationary telescopic labors made built-in swabs in excess. The presence of onboard lads increases the mass of the aircraft, which worsens its economic indicators, so today embedded ladders are applied limited, and mainly on regional aircraft.
Built-in ladders are available almost on all business jets, regardless of their size, to ensure the maximum autonomy of the aircraft at any airport. The VC-25 aircraft, which is used by the President of the United States, for example, has two built-in lads on lower deckresembling IL-86 ladders.
Onboard traps also include inflatable or stretch ladders, which are used only for emergency evacuation of passengers and crew. Any on-board ladders belong to the onboard rescue equipment.
After the hijacking of the aircraft in the United States, Den Cooper, followed by a hijacker with a parachute, the opening of the side ladder in the air is prevented by a special device - "Cooper Vane).
Notes
V-shaped plumageV-shaped plumage (eng. V-Tail) - type of layout layout aircraftconsisting of two inclined surfaces that perform functions and horizontal and vertical plumage. The synchronous deviation of control surfaces (eng. Ruddervator) plays the role of the height of the height and controls the pitch. Asynchronous - steering wheel and controls the ruck.
Because of the low efficiency and complexity of management, as well as increased requirements for the strength characteristics of the rear of the fuselage, such a plumage of widespread use in large aviation did not receive. It is found in small and unmanned aviation. Comparing the V-shaped plumage with the traditional, the advantages include smaller weight, less washed surface and less cost. Often, the use of V-shaped plumage is dictated by the special properties of the aircraft: a decrease in radar or infrared visibility, the convenience of placing engines or goods, a smaller height when placing in the hangar.
Automatic tractionThe traction machine is a system that automatically controls the engines. The machine moves the ore so as to maintain the specified engine speed or the specified speed for the flight. It is designed to work together with autopilot and navigation computer.
VariometerVariometer (from Lat. Vario - Change + Dr. Greek. Έέτρον - I measure) in aviation - a pilot device showing the rate of change in the height of the aircraft flight.
Vibrating PrecloutVibrating Preclosure (Irrigation Basels, the Mastery of the Precair) is the original drive of the aircraft, which is a special pre-settlement, whose vibration creates lifting force. Invented Alexander Ivanovich Boldyrev in the 1940s.
In 1946, Boldyrev presented a project such as an airplane, and in 1947 he created an experimental flying prototype aircraft with this propulsion. In the same 1947, the project was closed, officially due to breakdown of the gearbox, unofficially - in connection with the reorientation of MAI on reactive aviation.
GargrotGargrot is a flowing element of the fuselage of the aircraft (rocket), which closes the entire wiring of the control, all pipelines and parts of important systems that are in favor of the fuselage. Gargrot provides convenient access to all the above elements. Depending on the placement there are upper Gargrot and Lower Gargrot. The form of the element is different, and depends on the type of aircraft, its technical features.
Kroudja's flapGoudja's flap is an element of the mechanization of the wing of the aircraft. It serves to improve planting characteristics, in particular, to reduce landing speed. In the jourge closures, the area of \u200b\u200bthe wing is increasing with increasing concavity. This makes it possible to reduce the takeoff distance and increase the lifting force. Such a type of flaps was successfully applied on aircraft such as Short Sunderland and Short Stirling. Invented the flap in 1936, the English engineer Sir Arthur Gudzh from Short Brothers.
Indicator Deviation CourseCourse Deviation Indicator (English Course Deviation Indicator) - onboard aerobatic navigation device, showing the deviation between the actual aircraft flight course and calculated. When the aircraft is the right of the left of the specified trajectory, the index arrow deflects to the right, and vice versa.
The built-in VOR-navigation function allows you to control the specified aircraft rate in automatic mode.
Kiel (aviation)Kiel is part of the plumage of the aircraft (LA), located in the normal plane of the aircraft (which usually coincides with its plane of symmetry) or the inclined plane in the case of a V-shaped plumage. Kiel is designed to provide stability over the corner of the aircraft. To the rear edge of the keel on the hinges, the steering wheel of the direction is usually attached (in the picture on the right is shown yellow).
COC (fairing)COC - (from Fr. Cocon - Shell) The coat coating or a turbine fan wheel used to reduce the windshield resistance of the propulsion. As a rule, has a conical or hemispherical shape. Inside Kok Hollow, since it covers the screw bushing for smooth separation of the flow lines at the engine input and reduce the windscreen resistance.
Pulling propellers and rowing screws of ships are also equipped with coca for better streamlining.
Height proofreaderThe height corrector is the device on the aircraft for generating a signal about the current value of the deviation of the barometric height of the aircraft flight from some of its specified reference value. Used as a sensor to automatically stabilize the current height with automatic aircraft control by autopilot or automatic control system.
Structurally consists of an aneroid barometric height sensor, a height memorization device at the time of turning on and device for generating an electrical difference signal between the support and current flight altitudes. The height corrector is connected to the onboard static pressure receiver.
Wing sockWing sock - Front of the wing from an extreme front point to the first longitudinal power element - walls or front side member.
Wing's sock may contain the following mechanization and system:
Anti-icing system - Rubber Protectors (Deicing Boot, Air-Heating System System with Heating Elements, etc.);
Deviated toe - pre-settlement that does not form a gap;
Slove of the wing;
Slat;
Front edge gap;
Kruger shield;
Table Strip - Device, designed to improve behavior when dumping and creating a distinct warning shaking according to the ailers, when approaching dumping;
Plate turbulizer.
Plate turbulizerThe plate turbulizer or swirl is an aerodynamic device that is used to improve airflow on aviation Technology. It is installed on the streamlined surface of the aircraft or for introducing perturbations to the flowing flow in order to destabilize it and shifts upstream of the laminar flow transition point to turbulent.
Rotary prejournalRotary prejournal - original aircraft drive. Horizontal rotor with blades, located along the front of the wing. When rotating, the rotor creates both lifting and moving force.
SpoilerSpoiler (from English. Spoileron \u003d Spoiler + Aileron) - Hybrid of Aleron and Spoiler. Spoilers are aerodynamic aircraft controls, symmetrically located on the rear edge of the wing consoles. The spoiler can be used to achieve the Eleron effect, that is, to register the aircraft due to the reduction of the lifting force with one wing, but in contrast to the aileron without increasing the lifting force on the other wing. As a side effect, the raised spoiler also increases the resistance on one wing, which causes a decay that can be parhed. Spoilers used to control over the roll are sometimes called spoilers. Spoilers can be used to assist the ailers or completely replace them, thereby reducing the number of control surfaces.
StatoscopeStatoscope (Dr.-Greek. Στᾰτός - "standing, fixed" + other-Greek. Σκοπέω - "observe") - a device for registering changes in the height of the aircraft using the measured atmospheric pressure difference and pressure inside the instrument. Statoscope is intended mainly for aerial photography.
The most common in the form of a liquid differential barometer consisting of two identical automatically switching pressure gauges systems. According to the fixed difference in alcohol levels in the pressure gauges, the pressure and temperature of the air at the height of the flight is calculated (using a barometric formula or using a "barometric stage") barometric heights of photographing points and their changes with an accuracy of 0.5-1.0 m.
Technical compartmentTechnical compartment, technicals (in aviation) - a room or space inside the aircraft, limited by walls or partitions (splits), which hosts technical equipment (nodes, electronic blocks, aggregates, capacity) and in which technical staff performs work
for maintenance, configuration and repair. As a rule, all the technical compartments of the aircraft (Sun) have a number or its own name (2 t / o, 5 t / o, the front leg niches compartment, the compartment of the TsMM, etc.). Each technove has its own entrance hatch (sash, door) or accessory for access. In Tehotsek, there is usually a general or local lighting, power outlets for portable lamps and control and verification equipment, control shutters (plug connections) of units and systems, bundle sockets, shelves, ladders, lifting and transport equipment, etc.
Pusher screwdriverThe pusher of the screw column is the mechanism of deviation of the control knob of the aircraft or the wheel in the case of a critical flight mode. Accompanied by sound warning and vibrotry authority manual control. It is installed in large aircraft, especially with T-shaped tail plumage.
The pusher of the steering wheel is the component of the aircraft protection system from the dumping. The on-board computer receives input from the attack corners of this system. When you enter the aircraft in the dumping, the computer activates the screwdriver, gives a beep for the pilot and includes a mechanism for active protection when the motor is activated, which gives the screw column to dive from the pilot, thus reducing the angle of attack and helping to prevent overturning.
Course pointerCourse index - onboard device showing the current course of the aircraft.
Speed \u200b\u200bpointerThe speed indicator in aviation is a pilot control and measuring instrument, showing the flight speed relative to the air environment. The device action is based on measuring the high-speed head of the air flow. There are indicators of true air velocity, indicator (dashboard) speed and combined instruments. Some models of speed pointers are also intended to determine the number of maha; They are used on high-speed jets.
Air passenger Transportation long ago became the usual in the life of everyone modern man. However, it is often possible to observe how passengers are confused to rise on the board of the aircraft. It seems to them that such a way to get into the salon is obsolete, and it has long been time to replace the usual tunnel to the very doors.
Not just a staircase
The biggest mistake that passengers do, speaking of the trap, is to focus on the outdated technology. In fact, this conclusion is incorrect in the root. The fact is that the plane ladder is not just a difficult mechanism that allows people to safely fall on board and leave it, regardless of weather conditions. From the stairs, such a device is characterized by telescopicity and sizes.
Strapping is simple:
- vehicle operated by the operator;
- device itself;
- sealer.
Qualified work on such a car is extremely important. Manager It is obliged to strictly comply with all safety requirements in order to avoid tragedy. So, a recent case in Russia was that the operator of the aircraft in Pulkovo did not sufficiently tightly led him to the door. This led to the death of a little girl.
Two passengers fell into an unexpected gap between the plane and the seal and fell on the concrete covering of the runway with a high height. The girl at the same time received great damage and was hospitalized. Unfortunately, the child could not be saved. So simple negligence led to the collapse of the part of the ladroad and the death of a small child.
Varieties of trap
Many people seem to be the tunnel from the waiting room and before the airplane is something innovative and technically perfect. This is a common misconception. The fact is that such a device is also a telescopic lady. Yes, he is more perfect, and there is no staircase, but at the same time he is not so universal. It can not be repaired or simply repaired to another. In addition, it is possible to customize only specialized aircraft.
Passenger telescopic plane ladder is a long and convenient gallery, and it is far from all airports. Most often, they equip only major air harbor with a large passenger traffic.
Mobile ladders are used for smaller airports, and it is them that many passengers do not like them. In hard-to-reach regions there is often no developed infrastructure, so only those aircraft flying there, which have a built-in trap body. This is the simplest device of all, and it does not boast reliability or security.
Frames of aircraft can have significant differences in design. The most cheap of them are really similar to the stairs, and those that are more expensive - on escalators and travolors. Although they can have a different design, these devices for ordinary passengers are always made from the same materials. Mostly of aluminum and other light metal.
Rules for the behavior of passengers
Not only operators are responsible for the trap. First of all, the passenger must independently take care of its safety and, in accordance with international rules, it is obliged to follow the rules while is on the tray. It is prohibited from him to jump, it can not be soldered, since all such actions can endure it is extremely unpleasant for the passenger.
If there is reason to believe that the device is faulty, the passenger's debt is to immediately report this to the flight attendant. Standing at the aircraft's ladder, it is necessary to treat each other with respect, observing a living queue and not preventing the passage on board staff.
Emergency trap
In the event of a freelancer at the airport, passengers are descended along the built-in aircraft. If an emergency landing occurred, regardless of damage, the crew is obliged to use an emergency evacuation ladder. It inflates instantly and provides excellent opportunity to quickly and organize the side of the airliner.
The most luxurious landscapes in the world
In terms of senseless luxury, Saudi Arabia is leading. Of course, in civilian airports here are completely ordinary ladders. Yes, they are more modern, but there is nothing unusual in them. However, everything is completely different when the passenger is not an ordinary tourist, but sheikh. In this case, the staircase can be richly decorated or at all will be a work of art.
Especially curious a personal ladder, he constantly carries it with him to inspire the thought of his incredible wealth to all over the world. What is so interesting there? First of all, the entire staircase is made of gold and is a moving escalator.
Especially rich representatives of the Royal Family of Saudi Arabia, the plane ladder, though more more than the king, but still decorated precious stones, and the material of the staircase is an alloy of noble metals.
