Occupy mountains and plateaus. Also, the mountains of Asia are the highest in the world - here, in Asia in the Himalayas, there is the highest point of our planet - Mount Chomolunga (Everest). Its height is 8882 m.
The highest mountains are located in southern Asia and in the south of Central Asia - these are the mountain systems of the Himalayas, Pamir, Hindu Kush, Tien Shan, Tibetan plateau. In the north of Asia, there are more low mountains- This is the Central Siberian Plateau, Stanovoe Upland, Chersky ridge, Verkhoyansk ridge, Sredinny ridge, Altai mountains. In the east there are such mountains as the Big and Small Khingan and Sikhote-Alin. In the western part of Asia, on its border with Europe, there are mountains such as the Caucasus and the Urals.
The Himalayas are the highest mountains in Asia and in the world. They are located on the border of South and East Asia and separate the lowlands of the Indus and Ganges from the Tibetan plateau. In the northwest, the Himalayas are bordered by another high mountain system of Asia - the Hindu Kush. The Himalayas are over 2,400 km long and about 200-300 km wide. The steepest slopes of the Himalayas face south, towards the valley of the Indus and Ganges rivers. From the Tibetan side, the Himalayas look flatter. In total, there are 130 peaks in the Himalayas, which rise to a height of more than 7000m. 11 mountains in the Himalayas are over 8000 meters high. They are mainly found in the Nepalese Himalayas - the highest part of this mountain system. Among them: Mount Everest (8882 m), Mount Kapchenjunga (8598 m), Makalu (8470 m), Apnapurna (8078 m), Gozayntan (8018 m), Dhaulagiri (8172 m), Cho-Oyu (8180 m), Shisha -Pangma (8013 m), Manaslu (8128 m), Lhotse Main (8501 m), etc.
The second highest after the Himalayas in Asia, as well as in the world as a whole, is the Karakorum mountain range. It is located southeast of the Pamirs and the Hindu Kush, between Kun-Lun and the Himalayas. Its average height is 6,000 km. More than 80 mountains above 7000 meters. There are also eight-thousanders: Chogori Mountains (8611 m), Hidden Peak (8068 m), Gasherbrum (8073 m) and Broad Peak (8047 m).
One of the longest mountain systems in Asia are the Kunlun Mountains - they stretch from the Pamirs in the west to the Sino-Tibetan Mountains in the east, bypassing the Tibetan Plateau from the north (from the south the Tibetan Plateau bypassing the Himalayas). The length of Kunlun is about 2500 km, width in some places reaches 600 km. The most high mountain Kunlun is Aksai-Chin (7167 m).
The Pamir is also a large mountain system. It is located in the south of Central Asia on the territory of modern China, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. The highest mountain in the Pamirs is Kongur peak. Its height is 7719 m.
The Hindu Kush mountains are also located in the south of Central Asia. Their length is 1000 km, and their width is from 50 to 500 km. The border between the Indus River basin (South Asia) and the drainless basin of Central Asia runs along them. The highest mountain in the Hindu Kush is Tirichmir (7690 m).
(Visited 1,262 times, 1 visits today)
Asian countries: large and small. The largest mountains, islands, rivers and lakes of the continent
Asia is the largest in area (44,579,000 km2) and the most populated part of the world (3.88 billion inhabitants) of the planet Earth. Together with Europe, it forms a single (not divided by straits) continent of Eurasia, which is connected by the Isthmus of Suez with Africa, and separated from North America by a rather narrow Bering Strait (the maximum width is only 86 km). Asia is washed by the waters of all four oceans: the Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Atlantic (Mediterranean Sea).
- In Asia, there are enough wonders of the world, both those that Mother Nature gave to mankind like Halong Bay in Vietnam or wonderful in Thailand, and those that were created by man
Some, like Great wall of china or, very well-known, others - - not very well, but some (for example, in Japan, the Sigiriya palace on a rock in Sri Lanka, the imperial residence in Hue in Vietnam), are now considered regional attractions, although they clearly deserve more !
Asian countries (47 states):
- Most of Asia's population is concentrated in countries such as China (PRC): over 1.3 billion people, and India: 1.1 billion people, which are the most populous on the planet.
Geography of Asia: mountains, rivers, lakes and islands
Asia is the highest mountainous part of the world: the average height of the territory is 950 meters. The main mountain ranges cross the continent approximately in the middle: in the direction of the south-west-north-east. The highest plateau, the Tibetan plateau, rises above the surface of the world's oceans by about 4500 meters and covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometers.
- There is also the highest mountain system in the world, the Himalayas (which in translation from Sanskrit means “dwelling, refuge of snow”), which includes 17 (!) Highest mountains of the planet. Sino-Nepalese Chomolungma (or Everest, 8,848 meters), Pakistani K-2 (Chogo Gangri, 8,611 meters) and Indian-Nepalese Kangchenjunga (Kangchen Dzö-nga, 8,586 meters) top this impressive list.
Asia is also home to many volcanoes, most of which are active. From the most famous we will single out:
- Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano in Kamchatka is the highest of active volcanoes Eurasia (4750 meters). It is distinguished by increased activity to this day. The last recorded eruption was in 2007
- The Indonesian (Krakatoa) is also world famous, once it "devoured" itself. It was once located on the island of the same name, located between Java and Sumatra, and in 1883 gave birth to a mighty eruption (on a nuclear scale equal to about 200 megatons), which was heard even in the Australian Perth, which is 3100 kilometers away.
The sky even over Europe was long painted with an ominous red color because of the ash clouds raised into the atmosphere - the famous Norwegian artist Munch even dedicated it to this. By the way, another eruption of Krakatoa (in 1927) "gave birth" to a small (about 2 km in diameter) volcanic island named "Son of Krakatau" (Anak Krakatau). He grows quickly and, like the parent, has a violent disposition.
We also mention:
Pusuk Buhit, Lake Toba, Indonesia - Tomboro (Tambora or Tomboro), located also in Indonesia and in 1815 during the eruption (presumably the strongest in recent history) who destroyed more than 70 thousand inhabitants of the island of Sumbawa
- Indonesian (Lake Toba), which is at the same time a supervolcano and occupies an area of about 100 by 30 km. The largest volcano lake in the world. It is believed that the massive eruption of this volcano about 70-75 thousand years ago led to global climate change.
- A whole volcano region is also in Indonesia, which is a popular tourist attraction in the country mainly because of its pristine landscape from the series "So the Earth was born"
Mount Fuji in Japan - (Fuji), considered one of the three Japanese " Sacred mountains"And possessing a relatively" meek "disposition. The last recorded eruption dates back to 1707-1708. Fuji is located very close to the Japanese capital, Tokyo, is very loved by tourists and therefore is positioned as one of the main attractions of the "Land of the Rising Sun".
Any tourist can climb this mountain today - in the summer season!
The Asian continent includes a large number of islands. The largest of them are Indonesian Borneo (third largest, 743 330 km2, after and Papua New Guinea island in the world) and Sumatra (470,000 km2). And the most populated: Indonesian Java (124 million inhabitants according to 2005 estimates) and Japanese Honshu (103 million people).
, Sri Lanka Some Asian countries are located exclusively on the islands (island): Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Cyprus, Maldives, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Philippines and Japan and have no territories on the continent.
- The largest peninsulas of Asia: Hindustan (or the subcontinent of India, with an area of 4,480,000 sq. Km), Arabian Peninsula, Indochina Peninsula, Kamchatka Peninsula, Korean Peninsula
Most big rivers continental Asia
- Chinese Yangtze (6300 km long - 3rd in the world after the South American Amazon and the African Nile)
- Russian river system Yenisei-Angara-Selenga (5540 km)
- Chinese Yellow River ("Yellow River", 5464 km)
- Russian river system Ob-Irtysh (5410 km)
- Russian-Chinese-Mongolian river system Amur-Argun (4444 km)
- Russian Lena (4400 km).
All these rivers and river systems included in the list of the ten largest on planet Earth.
Most large lakes Asia
- The Caspian Sea (with an area of 371,000 km2) is a colossal body of salt water which is recognized by various sources as either the sea or the lake
- (37,500 km2), in addition being the deepest lake in the world (1,470 meters) and the largest body of water in terms of fresh water volume (23,600 cubic km)
- Balkhash (18 428 km2).
It is noteworthy that all of these reservoirs are fully or partially located on the territory the former USSR(Union of Soviet Socialist Republics).
Mountains of asia
Himalayas - the highest mountain system in the world, rising on the border between High and South Asia and separating the Tibetan plateau from the lowlands of the Indus and Ganges. In the north, the border of the Himalayas is the longitudinal intermontane valleys of the Indus and Brahmaputra, in the south - the edge of the Indo-Gangetic lowland, in the north-west the Himalayas border on the Hindu Kush, in the southeast with the Sino-Tibetan mountains. The Himalayas stretch in a huge arc, convex to the south - southwest. The total length of the mountain system is more than 2400 km, width is 200-300 km. The Himalayas represent a system of parallel ridges with steep slopes facing the Indo-Gangetic plain, and relatively gentle - towards Tibet. It is customary to divide the Himalayas into three mountain levels: the foothills, the Lesser Himalayas and the Greater Himalayas. The strip of foothills lies at an altitude of 700-1000 m above the Indo-Gangetic lowland. The foothills of the Himalayas are known collectively as the Sivalik Mountains. The Lesser Himalayas are composed of crystalline rocks. The heights of the ridges reach an average of 3500-4500 m, and individual peaks rise up to 6000 m.In the north-west, the Pir-Panjal ridge stretches up to 5000 m in height, then to the southeast it is replaced by the Jaoladhar ridge (2500-3000 m) and the Small The Himalayas, which adjoin the Main ridge by the high-mountainous massive Jaulagiri, reaching an altitude of 8172 m. Further to the east, the entire Himalayan system narrows, the zone of the Small Himalayas is pressed against the Main Ridge, forming the medium-altitude mountains of Mahabharat, and even to the east - the high and highly dissected mountains. Between the Lesser Himalayas and the Main Ridge lies a strip of tectonic depressions, which in the recent past were occupied by lakes. North of the hollows, the Big, or Main, Himalayas rise, reaching an average height of 6000 m. This is a well-defined alpine ridge, over which the highest peaks of the world rise. More than 130 peaks of the Greater Himalayas are higher than 7000 m, eleven peaks rise above 8000 m. The glaciers of the Himalayas do not exceed 30 km in length (Gangotri glacier - 26 km, Zemu glacier - 25, Rongbuk glacier - 19 km). The total area of glaciation is more than 1000 km2. The snow line is located very high and fluctuates in different regions of the Himalayas from 4800 to 5500 m. The Greater Himalayas are divided into 4 sectors: Assam Himalayas - stretch between the Brahmaputra and Testa rivers, begin in the east with the Namcha-Barva mountain range (7755 m). The length of this section of the Himalayas is 720 km. The main peaks are Kulakapgri (7554 m) and Chomo-Lari (7314 m). There are more than 15 seven-thousanders with a height from 7100 to 7554 m. The Nepal Himalayas are located between the Tista and Kali rivers, the length is about 800 km. This is the highest part of the Himalayas In addition to Chomolungma (Everest, 8882 m), the highest peaks of the Nepal Himalayas are Kanchenjunga (8598 m), Makalu (8470 m), Annapurna (8078 m), Gozayntan (8018 m), Dhaulagiri (8172 m) , Cho-Oyu (8189 m), Shisha-Pangma (8013 m), Manaslu (8128 m), Lhotse Main (8501 m) There are also hard-to-reach peaks - the southern peak of Kanchenjung (8476 m) and Lhotse Western (8420 m) and more than 20 seven-thousanders. Kumaon Himalayas - located between the rivers Kali and Sutlej. They have a length of more than 300 km. There are many mountain lakes in the area. The highest peaks are Nanda Devi (7816 m) and Kamet (7755 m). Punjabi Himalayas - stretches 560 km between the Sutlej and Indus rivers. Their average height is 5000-5500 m. Some peaks exceed 6500 m, the highest peak is Nangaparbat (8126 m).
Karakorum- a mountain range stretching southeast of the Pamirs and Hindu Kush, between Kun-Lun and the Himalayas, within 74-82 ° E. e. It is separated from the Pamirs by the wide valley of Karachukur; The conditional border with the Hindu Kush is considered to be the r. Carambar. The Karakorum is the second highest (after the Himalayas) ridge in the world. Its average height is about 6000 m. Many peaks exceed 7000 m (there are about 80 seven-thousanders). The highest peaks are Chogori (8611 m), Hidden Peak (8068 m), Gasherbrum (8073 m), Broad Peak (8047 m). The relief of the Karakorum is sharply dissected. The transverse valleys have the character of deep narrow gorges. The height of the snow line on the northern slope is about 5900 m, on the southern - about 4700 m. Karakorum is distinguished by powerful glaciation. The glaciers of Siachen (75 km), Baltoro (57 km), Batura (58 km) reach the greatest length.
Hindu Kush- one of the largest mountain ranges in Central Asia, the fifth highest mountainous region in the world after the Himalayas, Karakorum, Kun-Lun and Pamir. The Hindu Kush system includes the Central Afghan Mountains stretched from west-south-west to east-north-east, the Kokhi Baba ridge and the Hindu Kush proper (Western and Eastern). The length of this system is about 1000 km, width is 50-500 km. The prevailing heights of the peaks are 4000-7000 m. Along the Hindu Kush, there is a watershed between the river basin. The Indus and the drainless region of Central Asia From the Kokhi-Baba ridge (the highest point is Shakhfuladi, 5143 m) the Paropamiz and Central Afghan mountains diverge. The Hindu Kush itself enters behind Kohi Baba in the form of a backstage. The Hindu Kush proper is divided into a lower (4000-5000 m) western part and a higher (5000-7000 m) eastern part. At the junction of these sections is the highest peak of the Hindu Kush - Tirichmir (7690 m). The western Hindu Kush is made up of ridges between the Bandi-Amir gorge and the Khavak pass (3350 m). Central Hindu Kush - unites the Khvach-Mukhamed ridge (northeast of the Khavak pass), the Bandakor mountains, the Main Hindu Kush ridge from Gulbahar to the Dorah pass. The highest point of the Central Hindu Kush is Kohi-Bandak (6843 m). Eastern Hindu Kush - includes the Main and Southern ridges between the Dorah and Kvalandor-Uvin passes (4000 m), behind which the Wakhan Pamir ridge begins. All 29 seven-thousanders of the Hindu Kush are concentrated here. The second highest peak of the Hindu Kush - Nushak (7492 m) is located in the Main ridge. Significant glaciation occurs only in the Eastern Hindu Kush. A number of glaciers of the Eastern Hindu Kush are not inferior to the glaciers of the Karakorum (Tirichmir is 31 km long), the snow line runs at an altitude of 5000 m.
Across the mountains to the sea with a light backpack. Route 30 passes through the famous Fisht - this is one of the most grandiose and significant natural monuments in Russia, the highest mountains closest to Moscow. Tourists travel lightly through all the landscape and climatic zones of the country, from the foothills to the subtropics, and spend the night in shelters.
Page 9 of 9
The highest mountain peaks in the world along the mountain systems. Table.
Note: Dear visitors, hyphens in long words in the table are provided for the convenience of mobile users - otherwise the words will not be wrapped and the table will not fit on the screen. Thank you for understanding!
|
Mountain peak |
Mountain system |
Mainland |
Height |
| Jomo lungma (Everest) | Himalayas | Eurasia | 8848 m |
| Communism Peak | Pamir | Eurasia | 7495 m |
| Victory Peak | Tien Shan | Eurasia | 7439 m |
| Aconcagua | Andes | South America | 6962 m |
| McKinley | Cordillera | North America | 6168 m |
| Kilimand-heat | Kilimand-jaro massif | Africa | 5891.8 m |
| Elbrus | B. Caucasus | Eurasia | 5642 m |
| B. Ararat | Armenian highlands | Eurasia | 5165 m |
| Vinson Massif | Ellsworth | Antarctica | 4892 m |
| Kazbek | B. Caucasus | Eurasia | 5033.8 m |
| Mont Blanc | Western alps | Eurasia | 4810 m |
| Belukha | Altai | Eurasia | 4509 m |
However, if we take as a basis the height not above sea level, but from the base of the mountain, then the recognized leader among the highest mountains in the world becomes Mauna Kea mountain- a shield volcano located in the Hawaiian Islands.
Height Mauna Kea mountains from the base to the top is 10203 meters, which is 1355 meters higher than Chomolungma. Most of the mountain is hidden under water, and Mauna Kea rises 4205 meters above sea level.
The age of the Mauna Kea volcano is about a million years. The peak of the volcano's activity falls on the shield stage about 500,000 years ago. Currently, the volcano is recognized as inactive - according to scientists, the last eruption was 4-6 thousand years ago.
The highest mountains in the world by continent. Descriptions of the seven highest peaks in the world in parts of the world.
"Seven Summits" is a climbing project that includes the highest peaks in the world in parts of the world. North and South America and Europe and Asia are counted separately. Climbers who have conquered all seven peaks become members of the 7 Summits Club
List of "seven peaks":
- Chomolungma (Everest) (Asia)
- Aconcagua (South America)
- McKinley (North America)
- Kilimanjaro (Africa)
- Elbrus or Mont Blanc (Europe)
- Vinson Massif (Antarctica)
- Kostsyushko (Australia) or Carstens Pyramid (Punchak Jaya) (Australia and Oceania)
Seven highest mountain peaks in parts of the world. Map.
Chomolungma (Everest) - the first of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in Asia and the highest peak in the world.
Chomolungma refers to mountain system Himalayas, Mahalangur-Himal ridge. The southern peak (8760 m) lies on the border of Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region (China), the North (main) peak (8848 m) is located in China.
Geographical coordinates Chomolungma mountains - 27 ° 59′17 ″ s. NS. 86 ° 55'31 "east. etc.
The fact that Chomolungma (Everest) is the highest mountain in the world was determined by the Indian mathematician and topographer Radhanat Sikdar in 1852 on the basis of trigonometric calculations, when he was in India, 240 km from Chomolungma.
The most high mountain the world and Asia has the shape of a triangular pyramid. The southern slope is steeper, snow and firn are not kept on it, therefore it is exposed. From the top mountain range many glaciers descend, ending at an altitude of 5000 meters.
The first ascent of the largest mountain in the world was made on May 29, 1953 by Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealander Edmund Hillary through the South Col.
The climate of the highest peak in the world, Chomolungma, is extremely harsh. The wind speed there reaches 55 m / s, and the air temperature drops to -60 ° C. As a result, climbing the highest mountain in the world is fraught with many difficulties. Despite the modern equipment and equipment used by climbers, for every twentieth of them, the conquest of the highest peak in the world is the last thing in life. From 1953 to 2014, about 200 climbers died on the slopes of Everest.
Aconcagua- the second of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in South America and the highest peak in the western and southern hemispheres of the Earth.
Mount Aconcagua is located in the central Andes in Argentina. Absolute height - 6962 m.The highest peak South America formed during the collision of the Nazca and South American lithospheric plates. The mountain has many glaciers, the largest of which are northeastern (Polish Glacier) and eastern.
The geographic coordinates of Mount Aconcagua are 32 ° 39 ′ S. NS. 70 ° 00 ′ W etc.
Climbing the highest peak in the western and southern hemispheres of the Earth is technically considered easy if it is carried out along the northern slope. It is much more difficult to conquer the summit of Aconcagua from the south or southwest. The first ascent of the highest mountain in South America was recorded in 1897 by the expedition of the Englishman Edward Fitzgerald.
McKinley- the third of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in North America. Height - 6168 meters.
The geographic coordinates of Mount McKinley are 63 ° 04′10 ″ s. NS. 151 ° 00′26 ″ W etc.
Mount McKinley is located in Alaska, in the center national park Denali. Until 1867, it was considered the highest peak of the Russian Empire, until Alaska was sold to the United States. The first explorer of Mount McKinley is considered to be the Russian leader of the expedition, Lavrenty Alekseevich Zagoskin, who first saw it from both sides.
The highest mountain in North America was first conquered by American climbers under the command of the Reverend Hudson Stack, who reached the summit on March 17, 1913.
Mount McKinley used to be called differently. The Athabasca Indians - the indigenous people - called her Denali, which means "great." While Alaska belonged to the Russian Empire, the mountain was simply called "Big Mountain". In 1896, North America's tallest mountain was named after the 25th American president.
Kilimanjaro- the fourth of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in Africa. Height - 5,891.8 m.
The geographical coordinates of Mount Kilimanjaro are 3 ° 04′00 ″ S. NS. 37 ° 21'33 "in. etc.
Kilimanjaro is a potentially active stratovolcano in northeastern Tanzania. The highest peak in Africa consists of three main peaks, which are also extinct volcanoes: Shira in the west with 3,962 meters above sea level, Kibo 5,891.8 meters in the center and Mawenzi with 5,149 meters in the east.
The summit of the Kibo volcano is covered with an ice cap. Once this cap was clearly visible from afar, but now the glacier is actively melting. Over the past 100 years, the glacier that covers the summit of the highest African mountain has decreased by more than 80%. The melting of the glacier is associated with a decrease in the amount of precipitation associated with deforestation in the area adjacent to the mountain. Some scientists estimate that the Kilimanjaro ice cap will disappear by 2020.
The first ascent to the highest peak in Africa was made in 1889 by Hans Meyer. The climb to Kilimanjaro is not considered difficult from a technical point of view, although it is incredibly spectacular. Due to the proximity to the equator, all types of altitudinal zonality are presented on the mountain, which the climber sequentially passes one after the other. Thus, during the ascent, you can see all the main climatic zones of the Earth in a few hours.
Elbrus- the fifth of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in Europe and the highest peak in Russia.
The geographical coordinates of Mount Elbrus are 43 ° 20′45 ″ s. NS. 42 ° 26'55 ″ in. etc.
The border between Asia and Europe is ambiguous, as a result of which there are disputes over whether Elbrus belongs to Europe. If so, then this mountain is the highest point in Europe. If not, then the palm goes to Mont Blanc, which is discussed below.
Elbrus is located in the Greater Caucasus, on the border of the republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia. It is the highest mountain in Russia. The highest peak in Europe is a two-peaked saddle-shaped volcano cone. The western peak has a height of 5642 m, the eastern one - 5621 m. The last eruption took place in the 50s of our era.
The most big mountain Europe is covered with glaciers with total area 134.5 km²; the most famous of them: Big and Small Azau, Terskol.
The first documented ascent of Mount Elbrus dates back to 1829 and was made during an expedition led by General G.A.Emmanuel, head of the Caucasian fortified line. Climbing Mount Elrus according to mountaineering classification is not technically difficult. Although there are routes of increased difficulty.
Vinson Massif- the sixth of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in Antarctica. Height - 4897 meters.
The geographic coordinates of the Vinson Massif are 78 ° 31′31 ″ S. NS. 85 ° 37′01 ″ W etc.
Vinson Massif is located 1200 km from the South Pole and is part of the Ellsworth Mountains. The massif stretches 21 km in length and 13 km in width. The highest peak of the Vinson Massif is Vinson Peak.
The highest mountain in Antarctica was discovered by American pilots in 1957. The first ascent to the highest peak of the southern continent was made on December 18, 1966 by Nicholas Clinch.
Mont Blanc- the highest mountain in Europe, the fifth of the "seven peaks", if Elbrus belongs to Asia. Height - 4810 meters.
The geographical coordinates of Mont Blanc are 45 ° 49′58 ″ s. NS. 6 ° 51′53 ″ in. etc.
The highest peak in Europe is located in the Alps mountain system on the border of France and Italy. Mount Mont Blanc is part of the Mont Blanc crystalline massif with a length of about 50 km. The ice cover of the massif covers an area of 200 km², the largest glacier being the Mer de Glace.
First ascent of highest point The summit of Mont Blanc in Europe was carried out by Jacques Balma and Dr. Michel Paccard on August 8, 1786. In 1886, during his honeymoon The highest mountain in Europe was conquered by the future President of the United States of America, Theodore Roosevelt.
Kostsyushko- the seventh of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in continental Australia. Height - 2228 meters.
The geographical coordinates of Mount Kostsyushko are 36 ° 27 ′ S. NS. 148 ° 16 ′ E etc.
The highest peak of the Australian continent is located in the Australian Alps in the south of New South Wales on the territory of the national park of the same name. Mount Kostsyushko was discovered in 1840.
The first ascent of the highest mountain in Australia in 1840 was made by the Polish traveler, geographer and geologist Pavel Edmund Strzelecki. He also named the mountain after the military and political leader Tadeusz Kosciuszko.
Carstens pyramid (Punchak-Jaya)- the seventh of the "seven peaks", the highest mountain in Australia and Oceania.
There is disagreement about which mountain should be ranked as the last, seventh peak. If only the Australian continent is taken into account, then it will be Kostsyushko Peak. If we consider the whole of Australia and Oceania, then it will be the Carstens Pyramid with a height of 4884 m. In this regard, there are currently two "Seven Summits" programs, including the first and second options. But the main option is still recognized as the program with the Carstens Pyramid.
The geographic coordinates of Punchak-Jaya Mountain are 4 ° 05 ′ S. NS. 137 ° 11 ′ east etc.
Mount Punchak-Jaya is located in the western part of the island New Guinea and is part of the Maoke massif. The highest peak in Oceania is also the highest mountain located on the island. The mountain was discovered in 1623 by the Dutch explorer Jan Carstens. In honor of him, Mount Punchak-Jaya is sometimes called the Karstens Pyramid.
The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1962 by a group of four Austrian climbers led by Heinrich Harrer.
The highest mountains in the world by continent and country. Highest peaks of the Earth.
Note: there is still debate among scientists whether to reckon or not Caucasus mountains to Europe. If so, then Elbrus will be the highest peak in Europe; if not, then - Mont Blanc. Until unanimity was reached on this issue, we ranked the Caucasus as Europe, and therefore the Caucasus Mountains (Russia) were included in the list of the highest mountains in Europe.
| Mountain peak | Country | Height, m | ||
The highest mountains in Europe |
||||
| Elbrus | Russia | 5642 | ||
| Dykhtau | Russia | 5203 | ||
| Koshtantau | Russia | 5152 | ||
| Pushkin Peak | Russia | 5100 | ||
| Dzhangitau | Russia | 5085 | ||
| Shkhara | Russia | 5068 | ||
| Kazbek | Russia - Georgia | 5033,8 | ||
| Mizhirgi | Russia | 5025 | ||
| Katyn-Tau | Russia | 4970 | ||
| Shota Rustaveli | Russia | 4860 | ||
| Gestola | Russia | 4860 | ||
| Mont Blanc | France | 4810 | ||
| Jimara | Russia | 4780 | ||
| Ushba | Georgia | 4695 | ||
| Wilpath | Russia | 4646 | ||
| Sauhokh | Russia | 4636 | ||
| Dufour | Switzerland - Italy | 4634 | ||
| Kukurtli-Sausages | Russia | 4624 | ||
| Mailikhokh | Russia | 4597,8 | ||
| Sallyningantau | Russia | 4507 | ||
| Weisshorn | Switzerland | 4506 | ||
| Tebulosmta | Russia | 4492 | ||
| Sugan | Russia | 4489 | ||
| Matterhorn | Switzerland | 4478 | ||
| Bazarduzu | Russia - Azerbaijan | 4466 | ||
Highest mountains in North America |
||||
| McKinley | Alaska | 6168 | ||
| Logan | Canada | 5959 | ||
| Orisaba | Mexico | 5610 | ||
| Saint Elijah | Alaska - Canada | 5489 | ||
| Popocatepetl | Mexico | 5452 | ||
| Foraker | Alaska | 5304 | ||
| Istaxihuatl | Mexico | 5286 | ||
| Luceinia | Canada | 5226 | ||
| Bona | Alaska | 5005 | ||
| Blackburn | Alaska | 4996 | ||
| Sanford | Alaska | 4949 | ||
| Wood | Canada | 4842 | ||
| Vancouver | Alaska | 4785 | ||
| Churchill | Alaska | 4766 | ||
| Fairweather | Alaska | 4663 | ||
| Baer | Alaska | 4520 | ||
| Hunter | Alaska | 4444 | ||
| Whitney | California | 4418 | ||
| Elbert | Colorado | 4399 | ||
| Array | Colorado | 4396 | ||
| Harvard | Colorado | 4395 | ||
| Rainier | Washington | 4392 | ||
| Nevado de Toluca | Mexico | 4392 | ||
| Williamson | California | 4381 | ||
| Blanca Peak | Colorado | 4372 | ||
| La Plata | Colorado | 4370 | ||
| Ancompagre Peak | Colorado | 4361 | ||
| Creston Peak | Colorado | 4357 | ||
| Lincoln | Colorado | 4354 | ||
| Grace Peak | Colorado | 4349 | ||
| Antero | Colorado | 4349 | ||
| Evans | Colorado | 4348 | ||
| Longs Peak | Colorado | 4345 | ||
| White Mountain Peak | California | 4342 | ||
| North Palisade | California | 4341 | ||
| Wrangel | Alaska | 4317 | ||
| Shasta | California | 4317 | ||
| Sill | California | 4317 | ||
| Pikes Peak | Colorado | 4301 | ||
| Russell | California | 4293 | ||
| Split Mountain | California | 4285 | ||
| Middle Palisade | California | 4279 | ||
Highest mountains in Asia |
||||
| Chomolungma (Everest) | China - Nepal | 8848 | ||
| Chogori (K-2, Godwin-Austen) | Kashmir - China | 8614 | ||
| Kanchenjunga | Nepal - India | 8586 | ||
| Lhotse | Nepal - China | 8516 | ||
| Makalu | China - Nepal | 8485 | ||
| Cho-Oyu | China - Nepal | 8201 | ||
| Dhaulagiri | Nepal | 8167 | ||
| Manaslu | Nepal | 8156 | ||
| Nangaparbat | Pakistan | 8126 | ||
| Annapurna | Nepal | 8091 | ||
| Gasherbrum | Kashmir - China | 8080 | ||
| Broad Peak | Kashmir - China | 8051 | ||
| Gasherbrum II | Kashmir - China | 8035 | ||
| Shishabangma | China | 8027 | ||
| Gyachung Kang | Nepal - Tibet (China) | 7952 | ||
| Gasherbrum III | Kashmir - China | 7946 | ||
| Annapurna II | Nepal | 7937 | ||
| Gasherbrum IV | Kashmir - China | 7932 | ||
| Himalchuli | Nepal | 7893 | ||
| Dastoghil | Pakistan | 7884 | ||
| Ngadi Chuli | Nepal | 7871 | ||
| Nuptse | Nepal | 7864 | ||
| Kunyang Kish | Pakistan | 7823 | ||
| Masherbrum | Kashmir - China | 7821 | ||
| Nandadevi | India | 7816 | ||
| Chomolonzo | Tibet (China) | 7804 | ||
| Batura-Shar | Pakistan | 7795 | ||
| Kanzhut Shar | Pakistan | 7790 | ||
| Racaposi | Kashmir (Pakistan) | 7788 | ||
| Namjagbarwa | Tibet (China) | 7782 | ||
| Kamet | Kashmir (Pakistan) | 7756 | ||
| Dhaulagiri II | Nepal | 7751 | ||
| Saltoro-Kangri | India | 7742 | ||
| Ulugmuztag | China | 7723 | ||
| Jeanne | Nepal | 7711 | ||
| Tirichmir | Pakistan | 7708 | ||
| Molamenking | Tibet (China) | 7703 | ||
| Gurla-Mandhata | Tibet (China) | 7694 | ||
| Kongur | China | 7649 | ||
| Gungashan (Minyak-Gankar) | China | 7556 | ||
| Muztagata | China | 7546 | ||
| Kula Kangri | China - Bhutan | 7538 | ||
| Ismoil Somoni peak (former Communism peak) | Tajikistan | 7495 | ||
| Victory peak | Kyrgyzstan - China | 7439 | ||
| Jomolhari | Butane | 7314 | ||
| Pumori | Nepal-Tibet | 7161 | ||
| Peak named after Abu Ali ibn Sino (formerly Lenin peak) | Tajikistan | 7134 | ||
| Korzhenevskaya peak | Tajikistan | 7105 | ||
| Khan-Tengri peak | Kyrgyzstan | 6995 | ||
| Ama Dablam (Ama Dablan or Amu Dablan) | Nepal | 6814 | ||
| Kangrinboche (Kailash) | China | 6714 | ||
| Khakabozi | Myanmar | 5881 | ||
| Demavend | Iran | 5604 | ||
| Bogdo-Ula | China | 5445 | ||
| Ararat | Turkey | 5165 | ||
| Jaya | Indonesia | 5030 | ||
| Mandala | Indonesia | 4760 | ||
| Klyuchevskaya Sopka | Russia | 4750 | ||
| Tricor | Indonesia | 4750 | ||
| Belukha | Russia | 4509 | ||
| Munhe-Khairkhan-Uul | Mongolia | 4362 | ||
Highest mountains in South America |
||||
| Aconcagua | Argentina | 6962 | ||
| Ojos del Salado | Argentina | 6893 | ||
| Bonet | Argentina | 6872 | ||
| Bonet Chico | Argentina | 6850 | ||
| Mercedario | Argentina | 6770 | ||
| Huascaran | Peru | 6746 | ||
| Llullaillaco | Argentina - Chile | 6739 | ||
| Erupakha | Peru | 6634 | ||
| Galan | Argentina | 6600 | ||
| Tupungato | Argentina - Chile | 6570 | ||
| Sahama | Bolivia | 6542 | ||
| Koropun | Peru | 6425 | ||
| Ilyampu | Bolivia | 6421 | ||
| Ilimani | Bolivia | 6322 | ||
| Las Tortolas | Argentina - Chile | 6320 | ||
| Chimborazo | Ecuador | 6310 | ||
| Belgrano | Argentina | 6250 | ||
| Toroni | Bolivia | 5982 | ||
| Tutupaka | Chile | 5980 | ||
| San Pedro | Chile | 5974 | ||
Highest mountains in Africa |
||||
| Kilimanjaro | Tanzania | 5891,8 | ||
| Kenya | Kenya | 5199 | ||
| Ruwenzori | Congo (DRC) - Uganda | 5109 | ||
| Ras Dashen | Ethiopia | 4620 | ||
| Elgon | Kenya - Uganda | 4321 | ||
| Toubkal | Morocco | 4165 | ||
| Cameroon | Cameroon | 4100 | ||
Highest mountains in Australia and Oceania |
||||
| William | Papua New Guinea | 4509 | ||
| Giluwe | Papua New Guinea | 4368 | ||
| Mauna Kea | O. Hawaii | 4205 | ||
| Mauna loa | O. Hawaii | 4169 | ||
| Victoria | Papua New Guinea | 4035 | ||
| Chapel | Papua New Guinea | 3993 | ||
| Albert-Edward | Papua New Guinea | 3990 | ||
| Kostsyushko | Australia | 2228 | ||
Highest mountains in Antarctica |
||||
| Vinson array | 4892 | |||
| Kerkpatrick | 4528 | |||
| Markham | 4351 | |||
| Jackson | 4191 | |||
| Sidley | 4181 | |||
| Minto | 4163 | |||
| Werterkaka | 3630 | |||
| Menzies | 3313 | |||
This article was about the highest mountains and the highest peaks the world.
Three-quarters of Asia's surface is occupied by hills and mountains. It is not without reason that yellow and brown colors color almost the entire physical map of Asia.
From the peninsulas of Asia Minor and Arabia to the shores The Pacific stretches a continuous strip of plateaus and mountains of different heights. The highest mountain ranges and plateaus are located in Central Asia. They diverge to the northeast and southeast of the mountainous country. Pamir(USSR) (Fig. 53).
3. On outline map Circle the southern border of the USSR in red pencil. Then paint over with brown pencil all mountain ranges along this border.
4. Learn to show all the rivers of northern Asia, as well as the Amu Darya, Syr Darya and Amur. At the same time, say: where does the river flow from, what lowland or plateau it crosses and into what sea it flows.
The highest mountains of Asia and the whole world - the Himalayas - go southeast of Pamir... From the south, from the Hindustan lowland, they rise in several parallel ridges, one higher than the other (Fig. 56). And above all these ridges rises, above the clouds and clouds, a snow-white chain of the main ridge of the Himalayas with a summit Everest(about 9 kilometers in height).
No matter how many people tried to climb this highest peak in the world, no one has yet managed to do this: the air is too rare there, the frost and wind are too strong.
Even in the hottest time of the year, when in India, along the banks of the Ganges, there is a tropical heat, luxurious vegetation blooms, snowstorms howl and frosts crackle on the peaks of the Himalayas. Snowfalls, deep cracks in glaciers lie in wait for courageous travelers and often ruin them near the goal (Read the story about climbing on)
Many rivers flow down from the huge glaciers of the Himalayas, merging into large rivers (Fig. 57). They flow southward, skirting or crossing mountain ranges. The main ones are - Ganges and Indus, which form the Hindustan lowland.
To the north of the Himalayas rises a high plateau Tibet(fig. 58). Tibet lies at an altitude of 4 kilometers, that is, at the height of the Alps in Europe. Only familiar people can live on this plateau, since the air there is very thin.
From eastern Tibet originate the most long rivers Asia - Yellow and Blue forming the Chinese lowland.
To the north of Tibet, a hill is spread over a large area. It is considerably lower than Tibet; mountains surround it on all sides. There are almost no rivers and lakes here. This is a desert Gobi, barren, with a sparse population.
This is the surface of Central Asia. Western Asia, as seen on the map, is almost entirely sublime... Only between the Black and Caspian Seas, on the border of Europe and Asia, there is a high Caucasian a ridge with many glaciers and peaks up to 5.5 kilometers (Elbrus).
1. Find on the map of Asia and the map of the hemispheres of the Himalayas, Tibet and Gobi.
2. Follow the course of the rivers: Indus, Ganges, Blue, Yellow. Mark their origins on a contour map.
3. Paint over the mountains above with a brown pencil, placing them in line with the flow of the rivers.
4. Make the highlands of Tibet light brown and the highlands to the north of it yellow. Paint over the hills of Western Asia with the same color, highlighting the Caucasus Mountains in brown.
5. The rest of Asia and large islands on the contour map, paint in yellow and green, matching the coloring with the physical map of Asia.
6. Learn to show all the great rivers of East and South Asia, while saying: where does the river originate from, what elevation and lowland it crosses and into what sea it flows.
