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Nowadays, Staraya Ladoga is a small village located on the high bank of the Volkhov, 120 kilometers from St. Petersburg. It is quiet and calm here, life flows measuredly and unhurriedly. But numerous burial mounds and ancient architectural monuments testify that this place is not easy. She is the first capital of Russia.
In 2008 I happened to work here at. I offer you, my readers, my own small guide to the sights of Staraya Ladoga.
The first wooden fortress on this site was built in the 9th-10th centuries at the confluence of the Ladozhka (Elena) river into the Volkhov. In 1116, under Prince Mstislav Vladimirovich the Great (1076-1132, baptized Theodore), the construction of a stone fortress began, which was subsequently rebuilt several times. The enemy stormed her many times. In 1617, according to the Stolbovo peace, it went to Russia and for almost a hundred years was a border. After 1702, when Noteburg was taken (), the fortress lost its strategic importance.
Currently, archaeological research and restoration work is underway in the Staroladozhskaya fortress. Some of the buildings were reconstructed at the end of the 16th century, the rest are preserved ruins. On its territory are the St. George Cathedral, the Church of Demetrius Thessaloniki, the fortress museum.
St. George's Cathedral was built in memory of the Swedes' attempt to take Ladoga in 1164. It is one of two pre-Mongol temples preserved in Staraya Ladoga (originally there were 7 or 8). Inside, about 20% of the 12th century frescoes have survived, among which the most expressive are "The Ascension of the Lord" on the drum and dome, "The Miracle of George about the Serpent" in the altar and others. According to legend, before the battle with the Swedes, Prince Alexander Nevsky prayed and consecrated his sword in this temple.
St. George Cathedral and the Church of Dmitry Solunsky
Dmitry Solunsky Church
The first mention of the church dates back to 1646. Rebuilt several times. The existing temple was built in 1901.
Museum of the Old Ladoga Fortress
The museum was founded in 1971 in the Gate Tower of the Old Ladoga Fortress. The exposition includes items from different eras, starting from the Stone Age.
The address: 187412, Leningrad region, Volkhovsky district, settlement of Staraya Ladoga, Volkhovsky pr., 19 Tel. (8-1263) 493-70. Working hours: 10.00-17.00, closed on Monday.
In 1584-1585, to the south of the stone fortress made of wood and earth, the Earthen City was erected, which had three bastions. Apparently, it was one of the first bastion-type fortresses in Russia. On a four-meter earthen rampart stood an oak palisade with three towers: Naugolnaya, Berezhnaya and Nadvratnaya. Currently, archaeological excavations are being carried out here, ancient dwellings of the 9th-11th centuries, numerous items of that time, many of which are of European and Arab origin, have been found.
According to legend, the Nikolsky Monastery was founded by Prince Alexander Nevsky "in memory of the dead Ladoga relatives" who fell in the Battle of the Neva in 1240. In 1611, monks moved here from the destroyed by the Swedes Valaam monastery... Soon the Nikolsky Monastery was destroyed by the troops of Jacob Delagardie (1583-1652), one of the active participants in the events of the Time of Troubles. After the Time of Troubles, the monastery was restored. IN late XVIII century was abolished, but at the beginning of the next century it was reopened.
In recent years, restoration work has been carried out in the Nikolsky Monastery.
The oldest building of the monastery is the four-pillar one-domed Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker of the 17th century, built on the site of the 12th century cathedral with fragments of the latter. The Church of St. John Chrysostom was built at the end of the 19th century in the form of an ancient Roman basilica, with elements of the pseudo-Russian style.
The address: Leningrad region, Volkhovsky district, settlement Staraya Ladoga, st. Nikolskaya, 1
Founded in 1156 on the site of the ancient monastery of Simeon the God-Receiver. In the first half of the 12th century, the Assumption Cathedral was built here, which has survived to this day. Fragments of 12th century frescoes were found inside the cathedral. The rest of the monastery buildings were built in the 19th century in the late Empire and pseudo-Russian style. Anna Kashinskaya found shelter in the Assumption Monastery, Evdokia Lopukhina and Evdokia Hannibal were imprisoned, and a nun-poet Elisaveta Shakhova lived in the 19th century.
The address: Leningrad region, Volkhovsky district, settlement Staraya Ladoga, Uspensky lane.
Estate "Uspenskoe"
Located next to the Assumption Monastery. It was built in the 1780s by Lieutenant General Roman Nikiforovich Tomilov. In 1816-1817, his son Alexei rebuilt his father's estate. Here Tomilov kept his richest collection of paintings, among which was the largest collection of drawings and etchings by Rembrandt in Russia. Many Russian artists, including O. Kiprensky, I.K. Aivazovsky, N.K. Roerich, were the guests of Uspensky.
In 1918, more than 6,000 pieces of painting were transferred to the Russian Museum in Petrograd. The manor house burned down in 1928, only the former service house survived.
Estate "Uspenskoe", photo from the Internet
Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist
Located on Malysheva Gora. Until the middle of the 18th century, there was the St. John the Baptist Monastery, the first mention of which dates back to 1276. The existing temple was built in 1695 in the Yaroslavl style. Frescoes of that time have been preserved inside. In the 19th century, near the temple, quartz sand mining began, and underground cavities were formed. Perhaps they served as the beginning of the emergence of stories about underground passages connecting the temple with the Old Ladoga fortress and caves. Until the 1930s, the Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist was considered the main temple of Staraya Ladoga.
64 m southeast of the Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist is the entrance to the Staraya Ladoga cave. To the northeast of the temple is the Holy Spring of Paraskeva Friday, equipped with a font.
The address: Leningrad region, Volkhovsky district, settlement Staraya Ladoga, Pozemskaya st., 1
Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist on Malyshevaya Gora
Varyazhskaya street
Varyazhskaya Street is considered the oldest street in Russia, which, according to written sources, already existed in the 15th century. Various household items of the 9th-10th centuries were found here. From the 18th century, it began to be built up with merchant houses. Currently, there are mainly one-story private houses along it behind fences.
In 2013, on Varyazhskaya Street, a bronze falcon sculpture - a totem symbol of the Rurik family and a symbol of Staraya Ladoga. It is believed that a coin should be left in its beak for luck.
Sculpture "Attacking Falcon", a symbol of Staraya Ladoga. Falcon is a totemic symbol of the Rurik dynasty, often found as a heraldic symbol in the culture of the Eastern Slavs.
On September 12, 2015, in the park on Varyazhskaya Street, was installed monument to Rurik and Prophetic Oleg, architect Oleg Shorov.
Chapel of the Assumption Monastery on Varyazhskaya Street
Built by the architect N. Brandenburg in 1913 with funds from the Imperial Geographical Society on the site of the foundations of an ancient 12th century church, presumably Spassky.
House of merchant P.V. Kalyazin
The stone house of the merchant P.V. Kalyazin was built in the 19th century. Within its walls is the Archaeological Museum of Staraya Ladoga, the exposition of which presents objects discovered during archaeological excavations in Staraya Ladoga.
House of merchants Kalyazin
House of the merchant A.V. Kalyazin
A wooden house built in the 19th century on Varyazhskaya Street. At one time it housed the museum "Merchant Life of Old Ladoga".
House of the merchant A.V. Kalyazin (green, near the monument to Rurik and Oleg)
Craft Sloboda
Located on Volkhovskoe highway, not far from the kurgans. This is a working old-time courtyard, where an artist-restorer lives with his family. There is a souvenir shop nearby. Also, for a small fee, you can drink tea from a samovar with pies.
Park in memory of fellow countrymen who died in 1941-1945
A small park with a memorial sign with the inscription “A park was laid here in memory of fellow countrymen who died on the fields of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The park was founded in the year of the 40th anniversary of the Victory ”.
Park in memory of fellow countrymen who died in 1941-1945
Installed in the park next to the regional cultural and sports center "Ladoga".
Mounds in the Sopki tract
A large field between Volkhovsky avenue and Volkhov, on which mounds of the VIII-XII centuries rise. The most famous of them is Oleg's grave, where the Prophetic Oleg is believed to be buried. Remains of ancient robberies have been preserved on its summit and slopes. Archaeological studies of traces of Oleg's grave, alas, have not been found.
Many legends are associated with the mounds: that there is a whole system underground passageslinking the burial mounds with caves, a fortress and monasteries of Staraya Ladoga. Rodnovers and lovers of antiquity also gather here.
Caves of Staraya Ladoga
Most famous caves - Staroladozhskaya, Tanechkin, Baby. There are several unexplored caves to the south of the village. They represent the workings of the 19th century. The Tanechkina Cave is home to the largest colony of bats in northwestern Russia.
In Tanechkina cave
Lyubshan fortress
The Lyubshan fortress is considered the most ancient in Russia. It is a cape settlement with a diameter of about 50 meters, surrounded by an arched rampart about 70 meters long and up to 18 meters wide at the base. The first Finno-Ugric settlement on this site appeared in the 3rd century. In the second half of the 7th - the first half of the 8th century, Slavic tribes (possibly Ilmenian Slovenes) came here and drove out the local population. The old Chud settlement burned down, and a new Slavic settlement was built in its place. Died at the turn of the 9th-10th centuries.
Lamestone masonry, fragments of additional retaining walls and wooden fortifications along the top of the rampart have been preserved. It is located near the village of Seltso-Gorka, on the territory guest complex "Staroladozhskaya Dacha".
Field research of the Lyubshansk settlement in 1999. Photo from the site of the Staraya Ladoga Museum-Reserve www.ladogamuseum.ru
Manor Lyubsha
The former estate is located in the village of Seltso-Gorka. Belonged to the landowner Nadezhda Konstantinovna Izmailova, the mother-in-law of the itinerant artist Vasily Maksimovich Maksimov (1844-1911). The estate and the owner can be seen in the famous painting by the artist “Everything is in the Past”.
Vasily Maksimov. "Everything is in the Past", 1889. Oil on canvas. 72 × 93.5 cm. State Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow
Vasilievsky churchyard
Vasilievsky Pogost is located on the opposite bank of the Volkhov River, in the village of Chernavino. Until 1764, there was the Vasilievsky Monastery, whose inhabitants at one time were monks who fled from the Valaam Monastery occupied by the Swedes. The church of St. Basil of Kessaria, built in 1686 on the foundations of the 13th century stone dismantled for dilapidation, and the Church of the Transfiguration of the Savior, erected in 1871 on the site of a wooden church built in 1684, have survived. The famous itinerant artist Vasily Maksimovich Maksimov (1844-1911) was buried at the Vasilievsky churchyard.
♦ More details:
Burial mound in the Plakun tract
Located opposite the Staraya Ladoga fortress in the village of Lopino, on the other bank of the Volkhov River. It is a large burial mound of 13 flat mounds 0.3-0.6 meters high and embankments 10-20 meters in diameter. The traces of the rest of the mounds may have been destroyed in the past. They are Scandinavian, dating from about VIII - end of IX century.
Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary in Babino
The village of Babino, in the past - the village of Pokrovskoe. Here is the ruined Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos, built in 1737-1739 in a style close to the Naryshkin Baroque.
Gorchakovsky waterfalls
Located in the village of Gorchakovshchina. On the north side of the village - big waterfall, from the south - smaller.
How many days to come to Staraya Ladoga and where to stay
I think you are convinced that there is something to see in Staraya Ladoga. However, they usually come here for one day. In this case, many sights are viewed on the run, while others are completely off-screen. If possible, it is worth coming here for a few days in order to feel the whole atmosphere of this place, to go to Novaya Ladoga, to the mouth of the Volkhov, to walk around the neighborhood.
IN last years Several hotels and recreation centers appeared in the vicinity of Staraya Ladoga. The choice is small, but it is there. A selection of hotels in Staraya Ladoga and the surrounding area can be viewed.
The already mentioned above seemed to me quite an interesting option. "Staroladozhskaya Dacha" on the opposite bank of the Volkhov. Another option is to stay at a hotel "Metallurgist" in Volkhov, 15-20 minutes by car from Staraya Ladoga.
Attractions of Staraya Ladoga on the map
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Staraya Ladoga, whose sights invariably attract thousands of tourists every year, is a large village. It is located in Volkhovsky municipal area... This territory belongs to Leningrad region... Ladoga was considered a city until 1703. The village has recently celebrated its anniversary - the "ancient capital of Northern Russia" is 1250 years old. At present, Staraya Ladoga is a local administrative center. Next, let's take a closer look at the history settlement, we will find out what to see in Staraya Ladoga.
General information
This city was previously of great importance for development Ancient Rus... Everyone who has visited this place knows that already in the middle of the VIII century a settlement was formed here. Ladoga was considered a fortified hub on major trade routes. Also, this place is the first capital of Russia. It was here that Rurik arrived to reign, before going to Novgorod. Currently Staraya Ladoga is a village located one hundred and forty kilometers from St. Petersburg. Modern life in the village is different from what it was in the old days. Now it is associated with regularity and calmness. What attracts tourists to Staraya Ladoga? Sights are presented here in a fairly large number. These are mainly monuments of ancient architecture. Among them, the Staraya Ladoga fortress on the Volkhov River stands out. Its architecture, dating from the 16th century, has been preserved in this form to this day. The Nikolsky Monastery and the Assumption Convent of Staraya Ladoga are very popular among tourists. It is believed that in the latter she was imprisoned who was the first wife of Peter I. You can also visit the church of Jonah the Baptist and the burial mound of the Prophetic Oleg. There are two popular museums in Staraya Ladoga: local life and archaeological. It is unlikely that an inquisitive traveler will be able to ignore these attractions.
Brief historical background
The ship repair and production workshops of the Zemlyanoy settlement are the oldest known buildings. They were built from logs. According to dendrochronological data, the timber used for the construction was cut down in the middle of the 8th century. It is assumed that people from Northern Europe worked on their construction. Many archaeological excavations have been carried out in this area. According to the data received, the first Ladoga settlement was founded and settled by the Scandinavians. At the same time, E. A. Ryabinin believes that these were the Gotlandians. Last year, on the territory of Staraya Ladoga, they were held again. During them, a ridge was discovered that belongs to the Merovingian era. This is presumably the 7th century AD.
Further development
The first settlement included several buildings. The pillar structures had analogues in Northern Europe... They were located about two kilometers south of. At that time, this region became a kind of center of intersection of the interests of the ancient Germans and Slavs, as well as local Finno-Balts. Subsequently, the Ilmen Slovenes destroyed the Ladoga settlement. Later, this territory was built up with structures that had a log structure. The people who became the first inhabitants of Ladoga and those who settled here later had completely different cultural traditions. There was no continuity between them.
Construction of the first fortress
Ladoga developed as a trade and craft settlement. In the 9th century, during internecine wars, it was once again destroyed. Only a decade later, the first fortress was erected here. Its design was similar to the neighboring Lyubshanskaya. Ladoga from a small trade and craft settlement turned into a typical city of Ancient Rus. Her total area was about twelve hectares.
Value
For a major trade route, the city was one of the important points. During the next excavations carried out on the territory of Staraya Ladoga, a birch bark scroll was found. It featured an image of a rook. It is mentioned that the grave of Prophetic Oleg is located here. At the same time, the Kiev version is strikingly different from this one. She assumes that the burial site is located on Mount Szczekowice. At the very end of the 10th century, Ladoga was attacked by the Varangian Eirik. Later he became the Norwegian ruler. The very first fortress stood in Ladoga for over a century. She was destroyed.
Old Ladoga fortress
It was founded in 1116. The order to create a stone fortress was given by the mayor Pavel. Nowadays this place has become the "heart" of Staraya Ladoga. The ancient building is located on the site where the Elena River flows into the Volkhov. The Old Ladoga fortification was strategically important during the period. This place was considered the only possible harbor for the shelter of ships that were not able to overcome the Volkhov rapids. The first local fortification was built during the time of Prophetic Oleg. Currently, the Old Ladoga Fortress is open to the public.
Renaming
At the beginning of the 18th century, Peter I founded which was located at the mouth of the Volkhov. The former settlement lost its city status and the right to use its own coat of arms. The place was given a new name - "Staraya Ladoga". The excursions to the settlement, which are held today, will not leave indifferent any lover of Old Russian history. The Uspenskoye estate was considered the local cultural center. She was very close to the settlement. Many famous people spent their time here.
Modern realities
In 2003, the sights of which do not lose their relevance to this day, celebrated its anniversary. At that time, the settlement had existed for 1250 years. This event attracted the attention of the press and authorities. The President gave special orders to prepare for the celebration of the anniversary. Vladimir Putin visited the village twice. Today in Staraya Ladoga organized one-day excursion routes... During them you can get acquainted with the history of the village, the main events that took place here. The cost of the trip is 1090 rubles.
Museum "Old Ladoga"
In the 70s. restoration work was going on here. They were led by A.E. Ekk. Renewed exhibitions were soon opened. Also, the first visitors were able to look at the exhibits of the local history museum. Later, excavations began on the territory of the ancient structure. They were carried out by an archaeological expedition headed by A.N. Kirpichnikov. In 84, the museum received the status of a historical and architectural reserve of Federal significance.
Reconstruction
The Gate and Clement Towers were restored back in the Soviet period. There are three more to reconstruct. The restoration of the Arrow Tower began several years ago. The concept of its reconstruction is as follows: it is required to make sure that the superstructure protects the masonry from further destruction. It is assumed that new tower will turn into a kind of conservation cap for the surviving historical building. Currently, work on the reconstruction of structures continues.
Dormition monastery
What else is Staraya Ladoga famous for? The sights, photos of which are presented in the article, are not only examples of ancient Russian architecture. Many of them are closely related to the religious life of the population. This is the Assumption Convent. The first mention of him in written sources dates back to the 16th century. The Assumption Church is the main attraction of this place. It is an architectural monument of the XII century along with the church of St. George. The latter is located directly in the fortress. The rest of the parish buildings were built in later periods. In the XIII century, this temple served as a dungeon. The monastery became a place of exile for the wife of A.P. Hannibal. At the end of the 20th century, the building was empty. In a short period of time, the monastery fell into disrepair. It is currently functioning again.
Festival
What else attracts tourists to Staraya Ladoga? Sights, of course, are not the only thing that attracts many guests here every year. There is also a special festival in the village. This event is organized in Staraya Ladoga every year. Its members are members of craft clubs from many regions of the country. The festival will never leave indifferent fans of the culture of Europe and the north of Russia. The event lasts several days. At this time, a field camp is functioning. Participants act out the capture of the fortress, arrange demonstration battles, compete in archery and demonstrate their skill in clay modeling. Not only the guests of the festival, but also the residents of Staraya Ladoga themselves dress appropriately. This makes the event more realistic. Currently the festival is actively developing. Its program is being improved and more and more participants come here every year.
Not far from St. Petersburg, on the banks of the Volkhov River, there is the Old Ladoga fortress. This is one of the oldest settlements in our country and, according to some historians, the first capital of Russia. Today Staraya Ladoga is formally considered only a small village. But for tourists who are interested in history, it certainly deserves a visit. In addition, almost the entire territory of Staraya Ladoga is a unique museum-reserve with preserved historical, cultural and architectural monuments of the VIII-XIX centuries.
Even if you are not very interested in history and archeology, then this corner of Russia will please you with its beautiful scenic spotswhere you can undoubtedly feel the spirit of antiquity, relax and enjoy the beauty of nature.
Fortress address Staraya Ladoga
Staraya Ladoga, Volkhovsky prospect 19
How to get to Staraya Ladoga
- Staraya Ladoga is located in the lower reaches of the Volkhov River, 125 km from St. Petersburg.
- By car from St. Petersburg along the Kola highway, about 100 km. Turn to Staraya Ladoga and Myakinino.
- By train from Ladozhsky railway station to Volkhovstroy-1 station. Next take bus 23.
- By sightseeing bus from St. Petersburg
- In 2017, a pier was built in Staraya Ladoga near the Nikolsky Monastery, where motor ships cruising along the rivers and lakes of Russia can stop. Most of the cruises depart from St. Petersburg. In addition to Staraya Ladoga, cruises include stops on the Valaam and Konevets islands, the village of Mandrogi and others. The routes are very varied and last several days.
Opening hours of the Staraya Ladoga Museum-Reserve in 2020
- In winter (from September 1 to May 31)
- Daily from 9:00 to 17:00
- During the summer period (from June 1 to August 31)
- Tuesday to Sunday from 9:00 to 18:00
- Mondays from 9:00 to 17:00
- Church of St. George is open to visitors in dry warm weather and only from May 1 to October 1
- Ticket office closes half an hour earlier
Cost of tickets to the Staraya Ladoga Museum Reserve in 2020
- Entrance to the territory of the fortress
- For adults - 50 rubles
- A single ticket for visiting all expositions (in the Gate Tower, the Church of Dmitry Solunsky and the exhibition "Archeology of Ladoga")
- For adults - 200 rubles
- Free for children under 16
- For children from 16 to 18 years old, university students of the Russian Federation and pensioners - 100 rubles
- Showroom
- For adults - 30 rubles
- Free for children under 16
- For children from 16 to 18 years old, students of higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation and pensioners - 20 rubles
- Church of Saint George
- For adults - 80 rubles
- Free for children under 16
- For children from 16 to 18 years old, students of Russian universities and pensioners - 50 rubles
According to The Tale of Bygone Years, Staraya Ladoga from 862 to 864 served as the residence of Rurik, the legendary Scandinavian prince who initiated the famous Rurik dynasty. Therefore, we can say that during these years Staraya Ladoga was the ancient capital of Northern Russia. For the next 20 years, Rurik reigned in Veliky Novgorod.
It should be noted that monuments of an earlier age were also found in the village, for example, the exact date of the sawing of the logs from which one of the buildings was folded has been established, this find dates back to 753. It was this year that was taken as the date of foundation of Staraya Ladoga.
Two famous trade routes passed through Staraya Ladoga - "from the Varangians to the Greeks" and "from the Varangians to the Arabs". Here, in the second half of the 8th century, the first money appeared, their role was played by beads made according to Arab technology, and the value of such a bead was very high - it was possible to purchase a slave with it.
On the banks of the Volkhov there was a brisk trade - furs brought from Scandinavia were sold by local residents to Arabs for silver dirhams. This is confirmed by both individual finds and treasures discovered during excavations.
In the Middle Ages, Staraya Ladoga served as an outpost of the Russian lands, repelling the fierce attacks of its northern neighbors. The first fortress was made of wood, at the end of the 9th - beginning of the 10th centuries the Varangians built a fortress wall with towers from local limestone. The constructed settlement became the first stone fortress on the territory of Ancient Rus.
With the founding of St. Petersburg in 1703, Staraya Ladoga found itself far from the border and lost its defensive significance. Historically, there was no major construction in the village, and to this day a cultural surface layer 2-5 meters deep, filled with archaeological finds, has been preserved here.
It is interesting that before Peter the Great the settlement was called Ladoga. In 1702, on the instructions of the emperor, not far from Staraya Ladoga, at the mouth of the Volkhov River, a shipyard was created, for which shipbuilders were relocated from the Russian North to work. In 1704, Peter founded the city of New Ladoga here, and the former settlement began to be called Old Ladoga.
In 2003, the 1250th anniversary of Staraya Ladoga, the ancient capital of the Russian state, was solemnly celebrated.
In Staraya Ladoga you will see historical, cultural and architectural monuments. The territory of the village is unique - in its entire history, only two percent of it has been excavated. While in Staraya Ladoga, you will walk on a layer of earth, where finds of wood and glass, bronze and iron, leather and fabric have been preserved.
The main attraction of Ladoga is the fortress, built in the place where the Ladozhka River flows into the Volkhov River. The fortification was of great importance in protecting the waterway from Baltic Sea deep into Novgorod Rus.
At present, we will see only the fortress, rebuilt here in the 16th century, although fragments of an earlier structure have survived. The walls of the fortress are 7 meters thick, and the towers are 12 meters high.
On the territory of the fortress there is a 12th century St. George Church. Often this snow-white temple, crowned with only one dome, is called the Ladoga Bride. A very unusual fresco dedicated to St. George has survived in the church. Most often, the Saint is depicted with a spear that hits the snake, and here he holds the banner of victory in his hand, and the pacified dragon allows the princess to behave on a leash.
- Nikolsky Monastery was founded in honor of the victory of the Russian army over the Swedish one in 1240. On the territory of the current monastery there is the Church of St. John Chrysostom II half of XIX century with picturesque frescoes, as well as St. Nicholas Church and the bell tower
- Be sure to walk along Varyazhskaya Street, famous for the fact that it was in this place that objects of the 9th-10th centuries were found. On Varyazhskaya Street you will see the symbol of the village - a small sculpture of a falcon made of bronze. There is also a chapel of the early XX century and two museums - the Museum of Merchant Life and the Museum of Archeology of Ladoga
- The Old Ladoga Dormition Monastery was founded in 1156, and was first mentioned in the 15th century. Initially it was a monastery for men, later it was transformed into a monastery. The monastery became a place of imprisonment of many famous women. So, in 1718, Evdokia Lopukhina, the first wife of Peter the Great, was brought here, and in the 19th century, relatives of the Decembrists were kept here. The main attraction of the monastery is the Assumption Cathedral, built in the 12th century - in the pre-Mongol period.
- The Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist is located in the place where the John the Baptist Monastery used to be. The temple stands out with green domes, as if it hovers between earth and sky. Old frescoes preserved in the Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist
- One of the sights of Staraya Ladoga is Oleg's grave, which is a large mound. According to legend, it was in Staraya Ladoga that the ancient Russian prince Oleg was buried. According to the Kiev version, Prophetic Oleg was buried in Kiev on Mount Schekovice. In both legends, it is said that the cause of the death of the prince was a snake bite.
According to legend, the wise men predicted the death of the prince from his horse. Then Oleg ordered to take the animal away. A few years later, when the horse had already died, the prince came to his grave and grinned, remembering the prediction of the Magi. At that moment, a snake crawled out of the horse's skull and bit Oleg.
In addition, there are caves in Staraya Ladoga, the largest of which is Tanechkina. Its length is more than 7 km. In one of its branches there is a lake 0.5 meters deep. Tanechkina Cave is also known for the fact that it is home to a huge flock of bats, numbering more than 400 individuals.
Staraya Ladoga is a modest village in the Leningrad Region. Several centuries ago it was a thriving city where Russian statehood was born, but now it is a famous landmark of the Leningrad region.
What to see in one day
To get a complete impression of the sights, you should visit the Staraya Ladoga Fortress and ancient Orthodox shrines. Walking along Varyazhskaya Street, you can see new sculptures and a monument, as well as go on an excursion to Kalyazin's house. A must-see point is the grave of the Prophetic Oleg.
The main street of Ladoga, there is something to see here
If there is a chance to stay for a couple of days, then the route can include:
- Vasilievsky Pogost with its churches;
- Caves;
What attractions can be visited in the vicinity
Traveling around the neighborhood, there is an opportunity to see: Lyubshanskoe Gorodishche; Gorchakovshchinsky waterfall; Volkhovskaya hydroelectric power station is an old-fashioned hydroelectric power station, located 15 minutes away from the city of Volkhov.
How to get to Staraya Ladoga
From St. Petersburg, the nearest big city really get there in 2-4 hours:
- By train from Ladozhsky or Moskovsky railway stations of St. Petersburg to the city of Volkhov, then by bus.
- By bus from Bus Station No. 2 on the route St. Petersburg - Novaya Ladoga.
- By car on the road E105.
- ladogamuseum.ru
The church is still active
Previously, a famous theater cafe was located here
The itinerant artist V.M. Maximov
The height of the walls is about the same everywhere - 1.2 m
Now these places are available for brave travelers.
There is an underground lake and a population of bats.
The monastery shop sells gingerbread and honey
Restoration work is underway here, but the monastery is available for visiting
On an area of \u200b\u200b160 hectares, there are monuments dating back to the 8th - 19th centuries. The oldest of them are more than 12 centuries old. The sights of the museum-reserve are represented by ancient settlements, hills, monasteries, temples.
The Museum-Reserve has been operating since 1971, it is developing dynamically, its collections are being replenished. "Ladoga" comes from the name of the Ladozhka River, which flows here into the Volkhov River. Over time, this name spread to the lake.
In Staraya Ladoga, memories of the heroes are anxiously kept. In 1985, as part of the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the Victory over fascism, a Park with a commemorative inscription was laid in the village.
The waterfall is notable for being the highest waterfall in the Leningrad region. Its height is 4.5 m - a rarity for a flat waterfall.
The landscape looks like water is flowing into a large red bowl. This effect is created by deposits of red sandstone.
On the opposite bank of the river. Volkhov in the village of Chernavino (formerly Vasilievskoye) there is an abandoned churchyard with cemetery churches. The Church of Basil of Caesarea was built in the 13th century in the tradition of Novgorod. Over time, it decayed and collapsed. In its place, a small temple was erected with a gable roof, ending in domes.
The second temple, made of red stone with a bell tower, is the Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord. It has an abandoned look, although it belongs to the architectural monuments of regional significance. At this place there was a wooden church of the Valaam monks. It was transferred to Valaam in the middle of the 19th century in memory of their wanderings.
The one-domed church, in the style of late classicism, was erected in 1833 at the cemetery near the Assumption Monastery. For a long time it was in neglect. Since 2000, the church has been restored and receives parishioners.
Two caves, Staroladozhskaya and Tanechkina, in the 19th century. used for the extraction of white quartz sandstone. The caves contain lakes, streams, nascent stalactites and stalagmites.
Tanechkin Cave stretches for more than 7 km. It starts under Malyshevaya Gora. Laz in the Old Ladoga cave can be found near the Church of John the Baptist.
On the northern edge of the village stands a white-stone five-domed Orthodox shrine, erected at the end of the 17th century. Boris Godunov treated her favorably. Two bells were cast, the inscription on one of them read: "Ladoga is the stronghold of my state." Below the temple is a holy spring known since the 9th century. It is the oldest in the Leningrad Region.
One of the hills was investigated by the famous Russian archaeologist and military historian N.E. Brandenburg (1839-1903). It was a structure piled in several layers, which accumulated as new burials were made.
The tract is a popular name for any place that differs from the surrounding area, it can be, for example, a field, forest, swamp or hill. Kurgan is an earthen embankment above the burial pit for many ancient peoples.
The most famous burial mounds of Ladoga are located behind the Church of St. John the Baptist. The mound, 10 m high, is considered the grave where Prophetic Oleg is buried. There is no unequivocal confirmation of this version. For the first time, scientists became interested in researching the grave of Oleg in 1820.
2 km from Staraya Ladoga on the opposite bank of the river. Volkhov there are the ruins of the ancient Lyubshan fortress. It is a stone promontory, about 50 m in diameter, surrounded by a wide rampart. The fortress ruins were discovered in 1997.
It is assumed that a Finno-Ugric settlement arose here in the 3rd century. Then the Slavs ousted local residents and erected their fortress, blocking the way into the depths of the Slavic lands. The fortress existed until the 9th-10th centuries. The events of those times are reflected in the "Tale of Bygone Years".
"Earthen City" was built at the end of the 16th century. as a bastion system of fortifications of the Old Ladoga fortress. These were wooden and earthen ramparts attached to the southern side of the fortress.
By the method of dendrochronological analysis it was found that one of the trees used in the construction of the city was cut down in 753. This is how the date of the foundation of Staraya Ladoga was determined and in 2003 its 1250th anniversary was celebrated.
This is the oldest and most famous street in Russia. It runs along the opposite bank of the Ladozhka (Elena) river from the fortress. For the first time Varyazhskaya Street is mentioned in documents of the 15th century. But, the discovered artifacts of the 9th - 10th centuries. allow us to conclude about its earlier occurrence.
An inconspicuous red stone chapel on the most famous street of Staraya Ladoga was built in 1913 with the support of the Russian Geographical Society. It was here until the 16th century. the main temple of the Spassky district of Ladoga. The chapel is not functional, but well appointed.
The bronze sculpture realistically reflects a flying bird. It has a symbolic meaning for this area. "Falcon" is the interpretation of the name of Rurik, called to reign here. During the excavations, a clay mold of the 9th century was found, which was used to cast seals with the image of a falcon.
The monument is located in a cozy park, excursion groups and tourists are photographed. Behind the park there is a convenient descent to the Volkhov River and a beautiful view of the fortress towers and walls opens up.
The first princely residence of Rurik was in Ladoga, and thanks to the Prophetic Oleg a stone fortress arose here. When Rurik died, Oleg, being the guardian of his son, began to rule in Novgorod. After the conquest of Kiev, he moved the capital of the Old Russian state there.
Two estates along Varyazhskaya Street were owned by the Kalyazin brothers, merchants of the second guild from Novaya Ladoga. In a red wooden house that belonged to A.V. Kalyazin, there is an exhibition of household items of merchants and peasants of the XIX - early XX centuries.
The Archaeological Museum is located in the white stone estate of Peter Kalyazin. It contains more than a thousand exhibits of various periods: from the Neolithic and Middle Ages to modern times.
According to legend, the shrine was founded in 1240 by order of Alexander Nevsky after the Battle of the Neva. Architecturally, the monastery is represented by two temples.
The Church of St. John Chrysostom resembles a Romanesque basilica with elements of Russian architecture. During the Soviet era, the monastery existed until 1937 as a fishing cooperative, then it was used as a hangar, school and hostel. Since 2002, monastic life has been revived here.
There are various buildings on the territory of the monastery. The Cathedral of the Assumption is of interest. This white-stone one-domed temple with architecture of the pre-Mongol period, built in the XII century, is now completely preserved.
The place is famous for the fact that Evdokia Lopukhina, the disgraced wife of Peter I. was kept in captivity here. In monasticism she was named Elena. In memory of her, the Ladozhka River began to be called Elena.
The Church of St. George is one of the oldest stone shrines in Russia. Its masonry alternates between limestone slabs and thin rectangular bricks. The facades were covered with a solution that creates the effect of marble shine on the white walls. Inside, the walls are decorated with frescoes from the 12th century. The most famous fresco is "The Miracle of George about the Dragon".
In this temple, services were held in the summer. In winter, parishioners prayed in the nearby wooden church of Dmitry Solunsky.
The main place that attracts tourists in Staraya Ladoga is the fortress stronghold. Rurik reigned here, the fortress was called "Rurik Castle". Under Prophetic Oleg, she was strengthened, she guarded waterway from the Baltic Sea to the Russian lands. The fortress lost its military purpose after the end of the Northern War (1770-1721). Over time, it collapsed.
Now the fortress walls and towers have been partially reconstructed. This makes it possible to inspect them safely. The Gate Tower presents exhibits that tell about the rituals of the population, the main historical events, the structure of the medieval city.
