Everest or Sagarmatha - the most high mountain the world. Yes, Chomolungma and Everest are one and the same.
Do not know, where is Chomolungma located? We inform you the mountain is part of the Mahalangur-Himal ridge in the Himalayan mountain system, on the border of Nepal and Tibet. However, its very top is located in China. Near Everest there are several more mountains higher than 7 kilometers - Changse, including another eight-thousander - Lhotse.
Mount Chomolungma (Everest) - height and facts
The height of Everest is 8,848 meters, with the last 4 meters of solid ice. Chomolungma is "built" by nature in the form of a trihedral pyramid, the southern slope is steeper. Glaciers flow down from the massif in all directions, ending at an altitude of about 5 km. Mount Chomolungma partly part of the Nepalese Sagarmatha National Park. At the top of Chomolungma there are strong winds blowing at speeds up to 200 km / h.
Never rises above zero. The average in January is -36 ° C, but can drop to -60 at night. In July, the air warms up to -19.
And here is where Chomolungma is located on the map.
Mount Chomolungma: the history of the name
Translated from Tibetan "Chomolungma" means "Divine (qomo) Mother (ma) of life (lung - wind or life force)", named after the Bon goddess Sherab Chamma.
From Nepalese the name of the peak "Sagarmatha" means "Mother of the gods".
The English name it received Chomolungma - Everest (Mount Everest) awarded in honor of Sir George Everest, head of the survey of British India in 1830-1843. This name was proposed in 1856 by George Everest's successor Andrew Waugh, simultaneously with the publication of the results of his collaborator Radhanat Sikdar, who in 1852 first measured the height of "Peak XV" and showed that it is the highest in the whole world.
Everest: a history of ascents
The first ascent of Chomolungma was made on May 29, 1953 by Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealander Edmund Hillary through the South Col. They used oxygen devices.
In subsequent years, climbers from different countries the world - China, USA, India, Japan, Italy.
Spring 1975 Chomolungma, photo which you look further, is first stormed by a women's expedition. The first woman to conquer Chomolungma was the Japanese climber Junko Tabei (1976). The first Polish woman and the first European to climb to the top was Wanda Rutkiewicz (1978). The first Russian woman to reach the top was Ekaterina Ivanova (1990).
In May 1982, 11 members of the Soviet expedition of climbers conquered Everest, climbing the previously considered impassable southwestern slope, with 2 ascents made at night. Prior to that, none of the climbers who were part of the expedition had climbed more than 7.6 km.
In subsequent years, climbers from Great Britain, Nepal, USA climbed Everest again along the classic path of first ascents, South Korea, Austria and other countries.
As a rule, it is subdued by climbers in oxygen masks. At an altitude of 8 km, the air is thin, and it is very difficult to breathe. The first to reach the summit without oxygen were Italian Reinhold Messner and German Peter Habeler in 1978.
Flights over Everest
In 2001, a French couple, Bertrand and Claire Bernier, flew down from the summit on a tandem glider.
In May 2004, Italian Angelo D'Arrigo, for the first time in the history of aeronautics, made a hang-glider flight over the top of the highest mountain in the world.
On May 14, 2005, test pilot Didier Delsalle successfully landed a Eurocopter AS 350 Ecureuil helicopter on the top of the mountain. This was the first such landing.
In 2008, 3 paratroopers landed on the summit, jumping out of an airplane flying at an altitude of just under 9 km (142 m above the highest point of the mountain).
Chomolungma and ski slopes
The first attempt to descend from the top with alpine skiing was undertaken in 1969 by the Japanese Miura. It didn't end as he planned; Miura almost fell into the abyss, but miraculously managed to escape and survived.
In 1992, French skier Pierre Tardevelle skied down the slope of Everest. He left the southern summit, located at an altitude of 8571 m, and covered 3 km in 3 hours.
After 4 years, the Italian skier Hans Kammerlander descended from a height of 6400 m along the northern slope.
In 1998, Frenchman Cyril Desremo made the first descent from the summit on a snowboard.
In 2000, Slovenian Davo Karnichar left Chomolungma on alpine skiing.
Climbing Everest: cemetery and corpses on the mountain
Since the first ascent to the summit in 1953, it has become a cemetery for more than 200 people. The bodies of the dead often remain on the slopes of the mountain due to the difficulties associated with their evacuation. Some of them serve as a guide for climbers. The most common causes of death: lack of oxygen, heart failure, frostbite, avalanches.
Even the most expensive and modern equipment does not always guarantee a successful ascent to the highest peak in the world. Nevertheless, about 500 people try to conquer Chomolungma every year. The total number exceeded 3000 people.
The ascent to the summit takes about 2 months - with acclimatization and installation of camps. Weight loss after climbing is an average of 10-15 kilograms. The main season for climbing Mount Everest is spring and autumn, as there are no monsoons at this time. The most suitable season for climbing the southern and northern slopes is spring. In autumn, you can only climb from the south.
Currently, a significant part of the ascents are organized by specialized firms and are made as part of commercial groups. Clients of these companies pay for the services of guides who provide the necessary training, provide equipment and, as far as possible, ensure safety along the way.
The cost of all-inclusive climbing (equipment, transport, guides, porters, etc.) is on average from 40 to 80 thousand US dollars, and the only one permit for climbing, issued by the government of Nepal, costs from 10 to 25 thousand dollars per person (depending on the size of the group). The cheapest way to conquer Chomolungma is from Tibet.
A significant portion of the trekkers reaching the summit are now wealthy hikers with minimal mountaineering experience.
According to experts, the success of the expedition directly depends on the weather and equipment. Climbing Everest continues to be a serious challenge for everyone, regardless of their level of preparation.
Acclimatization before climbing Everest plays an essential role. A typical south-facing expedition takes up to two weeks to climb from Kathmandu to base camp Chomolungma at an altitude of 5364 meters, and it takes another month to acclimatize to the altitude, before the first attempt to climb the summit is made.
The most difficult part of climbing Everest is the last 300 meters, nicknamed by climbers "the longest mile on Earth." To successfully pass this section, you need to overcome a steep, smooth stone slope covered with powdery snow. The conquest of Chogori is considered no less difficult.
Chomolungma (Everest) and ecology
The number of tourists visiting the mountain (not the peak) from Nepal and Tibet over the past ten years has been in the hundreds of thousands. The volume of garbage accumulated on the slopes of the mountain is so great that Chomolungma (Everest) is "the highest mountain dump in the world." According to ecologists, after the conquerors, an average of 3 kg of garbage is left for each.
Mount Chomolungma photo:
Everest from Airplane (shrimpo1967 / flickr.com) Everest (Neil Young / flickr.com) Mount Everest from Base Camp (Rupert Taylor-Price / flickr.com) Mount Everest, Base Camp and Rongbuk (Göran Höglund (Kartläsarn) / flickr. com) The summit of Chomolungma (jo cool / flickr.com) View of Everest (Christopher Michel / flickr.com) cksom / flickr.com Mahatma4711 / flickr.com McKay Savage / flickr.com ilker ender / flickr.com Fred Postles / flickr. com Jeff P / flickr.com Everest in the clouds (Jean-François Gornet / flickr.com) utpala ॐ / flickr.com View of Everest from an airplane (Xiquinho Silva / flickr.com) Rick McCharles / flickr.com Climbing Everest (Rick McCharles / flickr.com) Everest Base Camp - Gorak Shep - Nepal (lampertron / flickr.com) akunamatata / flickr.com Peak of Mount Chomolungma (Everest) (TausP. / Flickr.com) Denn Ukoloff / flickr.com Mount Everest (Christopher Michel / flickr.com) Returning from Everest Base Camp (valcker / flickr.com) Everest and Nuptz e (smallufo / flickr.com) Stefanos Nikologianis / flickr.com
Everest or Chomolungma is the highest in the world mountain peak... It is located in the Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Geographical coordinates Mount Everest: 27 ° 59′17 ″ north latitude and 86 ° 55′31 ″ east longitude.
Chomolungma is 8,848 meters above sea level. For comparison, the height of Elbrus, the highest point in Russia, is only 5642 meters above sea level, i.e. 3206 m below Chomolungma.
The first ascent of Everest was undertaken on May 29, 1953 by New Zealand mountaineer Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay.
The mountain is best known around the world as "Everest". The summit received this name in honor of George Everest, who was the chief surveyor of British India in the 1830s and 40s.
Mount Everest (Christopher Michel / flickr.com)
It is interesting that the mountain was so named during the life of Everest, about a year before his death. The name was proposed by a disciple of the scientist who calculated the exact height of the peak and thereby proved that it is the highest on Earth. Prior to this, the summit was also known as Peak XV.
The traditional Tibetan name of the peak is Chomolungma, which can be translated as “mistress of the winds”. This name is widely used in Russian cartography, but in western countries it is not well known, as it is considered rather difficult to pronounce.
On the maps published in our country, the peak is usually signed as "Chomolungma", and the name "Everest" is indicated in brackets. There is also a traditional Nepalese name for the mountain - Sagarmatha.
Where is Mount Everest (Chomolungma)?
Where Everest is located today is known to almost every child. If you look at geographic map, then you can see that it is located in the highest mountain system of the Earth - the Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and China.
Everest coordinates: 27 ° 59′17 ″ N and 86 ° 55'31 "east longitude. Mount Everest is part of the Mahalangur-Himal ridge; the Nepalese part of it is located within the Sagarmatha Park.
Summit of everest
The top of Mount Chomolungma looks like a pyramid with three almost flat sides. The southern slope is steeper, snow and ice hardly even linger on it, the northern slope is slightly flatter.
The relative height of the mountain is approximately 3550 m. The South Col pass, which reaches 7906 meters above sea level, connects Everest with Mount Lhotse (8516 m), and the North Col pass (7020 m) - with Mount Changse (7553 m). Most of the climbing routes pass through these two passes.
Geographic characteristics
In the hollow between the peaks of Chomolungma and Lhotse, there is the Khumbu glacier. Below it turns into the icefall of the same name, which is considered the most dangerous area when climbing the South Wing.
Everest view (Christopher Michel / flickr.com)
This can be explained by the fact that the icefall is almost constantly in motion. Climbers use various ladders and railings to pass this place.
Below the icefall, the glacier continues again and ends only at an altitude of 4600 meters. Its total length is 22 km.
Another notable local topography is the Kangshung Wall. This is the eastern wall of the summit of Mount Chomolungma, the height of which is 3350 meters, and the width of the base is about 3000 meters.
The glacier of the same name is located at the foot of the wall. Climbing the summit on the Kangshung wall is much more dangerous than the standard routes.
Everest in the Clouds (Jean-François Gornet / flickr.com)
Climate - what time of year is it right to climb Mount Everest?
The summit of Everest is characterized by extremely unfavorable climatic conditions. There are often very strong winds that blow at a speed of over 50 meters per second.
The temperature at the summit is never above 0 degrees. The average July temperature is minus 19 degrees, and the average January temperature is 36 degrees below zero. On winter nights, temperatures can drop to 50-60 degrees below zero.
What is the best period of the year to conquer the summit? Based climatic conditions, the most favorable for climbing is the beginning of May. At this time, the winds are usually the least strong here.
How was Everest formed?
The history of the formation of Everest is closely related to the history of the formation of the Himalayas, which dates back to many millions of years ago and stems from global geological processes.
The summit of Chomolungma (jo cool / flickr.com)
About 90 million years ago, the Indian plate broke away from the giant mainland of Gondwana and began to move northward rather quickly.
The speed of movement reached twenty centimeters per year, which is significantly higher than the speed of movement of any other plate of the earth's crust. About 50-55 million years ago, the Indian plate began to collide with the Eurasian plate.
As a result of this collision, the Eurasian plate was strongly deformed - a vast mountain belt was formed, the highest part of which is the Himalayas.
At the same time, the sedimentary rocks, which previously constituted the bottom of the ancient ocean, were crushed into huge folds and were often at a great height. This explains the fact that the summit of Everest is composed of sedimentary rocks.
Everest education scheme
Today, the Indian Plate continues to move northeastward, deforming the Eurasian Plate. In this regard, mountain building processes in the Himalayas continue.
The height of the mountain system in general and of individual peaks in particular continues to slowly increase by several millimeters per year.
During large earthquakes, the change in the height of the territory can occur almost instantaneously and be much more significant.
Ecology: trash left by climbers, bodies of the dead
The environmental situation on Mount Chomolungma leaves much to be desired. During the ascent, a huge amount of debris has accumulated on its slopes.
As of 2007, only the Tibetan section of the mountain contains about 120 tons of various debris left by climbers. How to remove garbage from the slopes is not entirely clear.
In the past few years, there have been attempts to collect waste, but this was clearly not enough. Another problem is the evacuation and burial of the bodies of deceased climbers.
- Quite an interesting fact is that the water at the highest peak in the world boils at a temperature of only +68 ° C. You may ask why? This is due to the fact that atmospheric pressure here is only one third of the normal pressure at sea level.
- Another interesting fact is the gradual growth of the mountain. Indeed, the height of Chomolungma increases every year by an amount from 3 to 6 millimeters. The same trend is characteristic of all the Himalayas, which is explained by the ongoing processes of mountain building and the associated rise in the territory.
- I would also like to mention such an interesting fact that Everest is the highest point in the world, only if we take into account the height from the sea level. Thus, the Mauna Kea volcano on the island of Hawaii, rises relative to the ocean floor by 10,203 meters, while its height above sea level is only 4205 meters.
A place with a view of Everest
Thanks to the efforts of the www.AirPano.com team, it became possible virtual walk on Everest. AirPano specializes in virtual toursfilmed in high definition bird's-eye. Below is a panoramic view of Mount Everest.
Mount Everest (Nepal) - detailed description, location, reviews, photos and videos.
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The highest peak of the planet Everest looks at the world calmly from a height of 8848 meters. To conquer Everest, or, as the locals call it, Chomolungmu ("mistress of the winds") is an honor for any climber, a dream that in most cases remains unfulfilled. However, in our age of commerce and any tourist routes the impossible becomes less and less: at least 35,000 USD and two months of free time in stock (plus excellent health) - and you soar above the clouds, standing on a 20-meter platform at the top of the world. And if you do not have such impressive reserves in your current account, but you still want to join the beautiful, you can limit the route to parking in the Base or Advanced Base Camps of Everest. The prices on the page are for October 2018.
A bit of history and geography
Everest is the highest point on the planet, at 8848 meters. The mountain enters mountain system Himalayas and lies exactly on the border between China (northern slope) and Nepal (southern slope), so you can climb from two countries at once, to choose from.
The appearance of Everest is a triangular pyramid with two passes - the North and South saddle and two subsidiary peaks - Lhotse (South) and Changse (North). FROM east side pyramids are a wall inaccessible for climbing. From a 5-kilometer height to the very summit, Everest is covered with glaciers.
In the English version, the mountain is called Everest in honor of the head of the survey of British India in the middle of the 19th century, Sir George Everest. Well, the first person to ascend to the "throne of God" was New Zealander Edmund Hillary - it happened on May 29, 1953.
To date, more than 4,000 climbers have visited the highest mountain in the world, and the lion's share of them falls on the recent years of the development of mountaineering on Everest and the commercialization of climbing. More than 500 people climb the summit annually, but not all of them reach it.
Climbing Mount Everest
Climbing Everest takes place in spring and autumn; during the rest of the year, monsoons are raging here, in winter the temperature drops to -50 ° C, strong winds blow. Several agencies, including Russian ones, are involved in organizing tours. The main requirements for a potential conqueror of Everest: firstly, a round amount in stock (at least 35,000 USD; the optimal package is 55,000 USD), and secondly, two months of free time (necessary for acclimatization, gradual ascent, training exits, etc.) .), thirdly, good health, which allows you to successfully pass acclimatization at an altitude of almost 9 km.
The climbing program is structured as follows. Arrival in Kathmandu, further flight to Lhasa, two transfers to villages closer to Everest, a day of acclimatization and transfer to the Everest Base Camp at an altitude of 5300 meters. From the Base Camp - a cycle of training ascents and the transition to the Advanced Base Camp (6400 m). The actual ascent (at the top you will stand no more than 20 minutes) and the return descent, then the route in the reverse order.
The main problem that awaits the conquerors of Everest is the inability to acclimatize. The rest of the route is designed for well-to-do tourists who have already been everywhere, with not the most outstanding level of physical training.
If you are not ready to part with such an impressive amount, you can limit yourself to the ascent to Everest Base Camp and spending here from one to one and a half months. At the same time, the cost will significantly decrease - up to 6000-8000 USD.
It is hard to imagine that the words "Chomolungma", "Everest", "Peak XV", "Sagarmatha" are the names of the same mountain, the highest point on the planet. Today, the height of Everest is 8848 meters, and this is far from the final figure - according to scientists, the peak increases by another 5 mm every year.
The height of Everest. Description of the object and general information
The planet rushes up among the eternal snows of the Himalayan mountain range on the border of two states: China and Nepal. Nevertheless, it is generally accepted that the peak itself is located on the territory of the Middle Kingdom.
One of the names - "Chomolungma" - translated from Tibetan sounds very beautiful "Mother of the Wind" or, according to some other sources, "Mother of the life force of the earth." Nepalese are accustomed to calling her "Sagarmatha", which means "Mother of the Gods."
The more familiar name for us "Everest" in 1856 was proposed by the Englishman Andrew Waugh, who at that time was the successor of D. Everest, the head of the geodetic department in British India. Before that in Europe, the mountain was called "Peak XV".
It is noteworthy that from the Nepalese side it will hardly be possible to immediately see Everest - it is obscured from the outside world by the mountains Nuptse and Lhotse, whose height is no less impressive and is 7879 m and 8516 m, respectively.
The most courageous and hardy adventurers climb the Kala Pattar or Gokyo Ri peak to admire the top of the world and take breathtaking pictures.
The height of Everest. Climbing history
This mountain attracted and continues to attract climbers from all over the world. It is no exaggeration to say that Everest has become a place of "pilgrimage" for climbers. Every year hundreds of rock climbers come here, who strive, if not to visit the top, then at least to see the legendary mountain with their own eyes.
Everest is considered difficult to climb: the peak has a pyramidal shape with a steeper slope on the south side. At an altitude of 5 thousand meters, the glaciers end, and on the steep slopes of the mountain, snow does not linger at all.
The mountain was first conquered at the end of May 1953. The team consisted of thirty people who used - it is impossible without them. Almost 30 years later, Soviet climbers climbed up the southeastern wall. The Ukrainian athletes M. Turkevich and S. Bershov especially distinguished themselves - they made the first night ascent in history.
To date, according to the latest statistics, about 3000 climbers from all over the world have already visited Everest. Unfortunately, the mountain did not release about 200 athletes - they died: someone on the ascent, someone during the descent from lack of oxygen, frostbite or heart failure, some fell off or fell under an avalanche.
This once again proves the fact that on such routes, as a rule, it is not expensive and modern equipment that plays a decisive role, but accompanying luck, which can save the traveler from falls and hurricanes that demolish everything in its path.
The height of Everest. How realistic is it to be in the vicinity of the great mountain?
From year to year, the number of such pristine places as the Himalayas on the planet does not increase at all. Everyone who has recovered to conquer the peak will certainly find himself among the pristine places unspoiled by civilization and scientific progress.
Everest is a height for those who seek to conquer the irresistible. But, as they say, nothing is impossible in this world, the main thing is to want. For many years, the giant mountain has amazed with its grandeur, impresses with its formidableness and attracts millions of adventure seekers. Although not everyone goes to the very top. Why do they come to Everest? Photos taken at the foot or in the foothills, and the atmosphere itself, can hardly leave anyone indifferent. In addition, international rallies are held here every year, base camps are established and dating evenings are arranged.
Those who want to see the earth from the highest point of the planet should hire a guide or join a special group. However, I would like to warn right away that this pleasure is not cheap - the cost of the ascent will cost 45-60 thousand dollars.
In Nepal lives a man who conquered the "top of the world" 21 times, and at the very top, which was once the seabed, there are amazing spiders. The mountain is still growing, it has not even two, but four official names and is not, by the way, the highest in the world.
(10 photos total)
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1. Himalayan spiders
Even high in the mountains, where oxygen is barely enough for breathing, we cannot hide from spiders. Euophrys omnisuperstes, better known as the Himalayan jumping spider, hides in the nooks and crannies of Mount Everest, making it one of the highest-living creatures on Earth. Climbers found them at an altitude of 6700 meters. These spiders are capable of feeding on almost anything that can fly so high. With the exception of some species of birds, these are the only living creatures that constantly live at such a height. However, in 1924, during the British expedition to Everest, a previously unknown species of grasshoppers was found here - now they are on display in the British Museum of Natural History.
2. The record of climbing Mount Everest - 21 times
Appa Tenzing, also known as Appa Sherpa, was able to conquer the top of the world 21 times. His first ascent took place in May 1990, after three earlier failed attempts. Apparently, having learned all the secrets of climbing, Appa continued to conquer Everest every year - from 1990 to 2011. He has repeatedly stressed that the effects of global warming are clearly visible in the mountains. Appa is worried about melting snow and ice, making climbing the mountain more difficult, as well as the safety of his people after a melted glacier flooded his home village. The last four ascents of Everest were made by Appa as part of ecological expeditions.
Conquering Everest is not as romantic as it might seem at first glance. Thanks to the significant development of the tourism industry, there has been a significant increase in the number of ascents to the highest mountain in the world. So, in 1983 only 8 people made it to the top, and in 2012 only 234 people got there in one day. It is not surprising that when conquering Everest, traffic jams and even fights occur. So, in 2013, climbers Uli Stack, Simon Moreau and Jonathan Griffith got into a fight with the Sherpas after the latter asked to stop the ascent. The Sherpas have accused the climbers of causing an avalanche. An argument began, which, on emotions, escalated into a fierce fight using stones. It came to death threats, but the climbers returned to base camp, where the rest of the "colleagues" took their side. Even the Nepal army had to intervene in the incident - then both sides of the conflict signed an agreement on its peaceful settlement.
4.450 million years of history
Although Himalayan mountains formed about 60 million years ago, their history begins much earlier. 450 million years ago, limestone and rocks were part of the sedimentary layers below sea level. Over time, the rocks at the bottom of the ocean came together and began to move upwards by 11 centimeters per year. Fossils of sea creatures can now be found on the summit of Everest. They were first discovered in 1924 by the guide Noel Odell - thus it was proved that the summit of Everest was once under water. The first rock samples from the world's summit were brought back by Swiss climbers in 1956 and a team from America in 1963.
5. Disputes about height
What is the exact height of Everest? It depends on which country side you are on. China said it was 8,844 meters, while Nepal said it was 8,848 meters. This dispute happened due to the fact that China believes that the height should be equal only to the height of the rock, excluding meters of frozen snow from the total. Whether it is true or not remains a double-edged sword, but the international community still includes snow at the height of the mountain. China and Nepal came to an agreement in 2010, finally establishing an official height of 8,848 meters.
6. Everest is still growing
According to the latest measurements, both China and Nepal may be in error regarding height. In 1994, a research team found that Everest continues to grow 4 millimeters per year. The Indian subcontinent was originally an independent piece of land that collided with Asia to form the Himalayas. But the continental plates are still moving and the mountains are rising in height. American researchers in 1999 installed special equipment that allows you to monitor its change. Their more accurate measurements could lead to the fact that the official height of the mountain will be changed to 8,850 meters. In the meantime, other tectonic activity leads to a decrease in Everest, but the results together still ensure its growth.
7. Everest has several names
Most of us know the mountain under the names Everest and Chomolungma. The last name came from Tibet, which means "Divine (qomo) mother (ma) of life (lung)". But these are not the only names by which the mountain is known. So, in Nepal she is called Sagarmatha ("Forehead in the sky"), and she herself is part of the Nepalese National park "Sagarmatha". The mountain owes its name to Everest to the British surveyor Andrew Waugh, who failed to find a single common name even after careful study of all maps of the surrounding area and communication with its inhabitants. Andrew decided to name the mountain after the geographer who worked in India, George Everest, the leader of the British team that first explored the Himalayas. Everest itself refused such an honor, but still the British representatives changed the name of the mountain in 1865. Previously, it was simply called the 15th peak.
8. Traffic jams from people
Climbing Mount Everest will cost a person several thousand dollars, but the number of those eager to conquer the top is steadily growing. In 2012, German climber Ralf Dujmowitz took a photograph of hundreds of people queuing up to climb. By the way, due to bad weather and a long line, Ralph had to turn back at one of the passes called the South Col. And on May 19, 2012, those wishing to climb the top of the mountain were forced to queue for about two hours - in one day 234 people climbed Everest. However, on the same day, during the ascent, four people died, which raised some concerns about the safety of conquering the summit, and experts from Nepal installed a railing that helps to fight congestion. Now the question of installing the stairs at the top is being discussed.
There are many photographs showing the beauty of Everest from all possible angles, but there is also a downside to the coin: photographs of the huge amount of debris left by climbers. According to some estimates, there are about 50 tons of waste of various origins on Everest, and their amount increases in proportion to the number of visits. On the slopes of the mountain, you can see used oxygen cylinders, climbing equipment and other climbers' waste. In addition, the mountain is "adorned" by the bodies of the dead climbers - because of the difficulties with their transportation, the victims of an unfortunate coincidence of circumstances remain lying on the slopes. Some of them serve as reference points for other climbers. For example, Tsewanga Palzhora, who died in 1996, “marks” the height of 8,500 meters and even received the nickname “Green Shoes” for his noticeable bright green shoes. Since 2008, a special ecological expedition (Eco Everest Expidition) has been climbing the mountain every year, the purpose of which is to fight the pollution of Everest. On this moment thanks to this expedition, more than 13 tons of waste were collected. In 2014, the government of Nepal introduced a new rule that every climber must bring at least 8 kilograms of waste when descending the mountain - otherwise, the $ 4,000 deposit will be lost. There is also the creative project "Everest 8848": its artists turned 8 tons of waste into 75 pieces of art, using even the remains of broken tents and beer cans. Thus, they are trying to draw attention to the pollution of the mountain.
10. Everest is not the tallest mountain on Earth
Despite the assigned title, in fact, Everest is not the most high mountain in the world. Mauna Kea, an inactive volcano in Hawaii, rises above sea level "only" by 4,205 meters, but its base is hidden under water for another 6,000 meters. When measured from the ocean floor, its height is equal to 10 203 meters, which is almost one and a half kilometers more than Everest.
Everest is also not the most "convex" point on the planet. Dormant volcano Chimborazo in Ecuador reaches an altitude of 6267 meters above sea level, but is only one degree from the equator. Since our planet is slightly thickened in the center, the sea level in Ecuador is located farther from the center of the Earth than in Nepal, and it turns out that Chimborazo is the highest point of the Earth in terms of stereometry.
