- an amazing corner of the globe. Millions of tourists come to the peninsula every year to return to this mysterious and charming place. Crimea has a well-developed infrastructure for recreation, both beach and active. Tourists with a wide variety of interests find in Crimea a lot of opportunities to spend their holidays interesting and useful. The peninsula is beautiful at any time of the year, you will not be bored.
Tourists with a wide variety of interests find a lot of opportunities in Crimea to spend their holidays entertaining and useful - Crimea Travel Guide
In Russia, many people know the village of Krasnaya Polyana, located near the resort town of Sochi. Today it is a popular holiday destination that will host several winter sports competitions in 2014. Tourists at this time will be warmly welcomed by Villa Uyutnaya on Krasnaya Polyana.
In Crimea, there are also many famous "Polyans". The most famous, perhaps, on the peninsula is the Yalta "Glade of Fairy Tales". This is a museum under open air, where characters from childhood favorite fairy tales are collected. The sculptures are made of wood, stone, flowers and other materials.
Visitors to the museum are greeted by heroes from the tales of Buratino, Mowgli, Snow White, and a dozen other tales. There is also a hotel of the same name on the peninsula, located in a very scenic location, at the foot of the mountains. The owners of the Polyana Skazok hotel have provided all the amenities for vacationers: cozy rooms, bars, billiards, a swimming pool, a sauna, exercise equipment, the opportunity to book excursions and horseback riding.
Glade of fairy tales, Evpatoria
Returning to the theme of fairy tales, Evpatoria, a famous children's resort, has its own meadow with cartoon characters. This year, Evpatoria Polyana was updated, several new characters were added, to the delight of little visitors. "Glade of fairy tales" on West coast Crimea was created more than 70 years ago and was then called "Pushkin's corner". During the war, it was destroyed; the children's corner was restored only in 1954.
There is another famous glade on the South Coast - a health resort " Yasnaya Polyana". This sanatorium, the only one on South coast, built specifically for parents with children in the treatment area.
It attracts vacationers not only with its unique climatic conditionsbut also a lot historical sites and monuments. Sanatorium "Yasnaya Polyana" has amazing story... In the 1830s-40s. on the site of the future sanatorium, the Alexandria estate was built, where Alexander Golitsyn, a personal friend of Emperor Alexander I, rested. Later, the estate passed into the possession of Countess Panina, who were visited by Chekhov, Bunin, Gorky, Shalyapin and others. In 1922, in the building the castle opened a sanatorium for scientists, and since 1947 the sanatorium has been called "Yasnaya Polyana". Today it is an excellent health resort with a well-developed infrastructure for recreation and treatment.
The history of which, however, lasts for centuries.
It is located in the southern part of the peninsula, in the Bakhchisarai region and has less than a quarter of a thousand inhabitants, and at the same time is almost the most interesting place the whole Crimea. And the point is not only that it is located among the majestic mountains, in a picturesque always green valley, along which the small mountain river Markur flows. This village is located in the territory that was once the powerful principality of Theodoro, with its capital in Mangup-Kale - a very ancient cave city, the remains of which can still be seen in the vicinity of Polyana. Although people chose this inaccessible and rich in fresh water place back in the 8th century, they mastered the local lands and were engaged in pottery.
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How to get there
It is most convenient to get to the Sadik-Kaya mountain, on which Mangup is located, from Bakhchisarai. If you go by taxi or a private car, the road will take you no more than half an hour - or a little longer on a regular bus that runs to nearby villages. Also, from any resort town, you can reach this place along the Yalta - Simferopol highway, turning in the direction of the village of Khmelnitskoye and further - already following the signs. But any travel agency will probably offer you a specialized excursion.
Search for flights to Simferopol (the nearest airport to Polyana, Crimea)
History and sights of Polyana
The principality of Theodoro, and initially it had the name Doro, was founded in the 13th century by the Greeks who settled in the Crimea, who popularized Orthodoxy and the developed culture of Byzantium here. Gradually it expanded its borders, the population increased, and fortifications were erected to protect it. But even this could not save the principality from plundering, over time it was no longer able to fight off numerous enemy invasions and began to decline. But by the 15th century, Theodoro entered a new milestone in its development, thanks to the fact that a group of Mangup princes (descendants of an ancient and very noble Armenian family) were able to consolidate the local nobility and restore the former power of their small state.
At that time, the population of this territory was more than two hundred thousand inhabitants (and this is far from small both for the Middle Ages, and especially for the Crimea), Orthodoxy was actively preached on its territory, numerous churches were built. It was then that the principality received the name Theodoro. But its history was still short-lived, already at the end of the 15th century, the dominance of the Ottoman Empire was established here, and the Christian population was gradually eradicated.
Today, the ruins of the ancestral castle of one of the nobles and the remains of an old Orthodox church with a small church cemetery testify to the once majestic principality.
Unfortunately, at the dawn of the inception of communism, these priceless monuments were not given much importance and were literally taken away stone by stone for the construction of collective farm buildings. But, nevertheless, a church in the cave city, carved into the rock, has survived, and ancient frescoes were even found here.
Popular hotels in Polyana
Mangup-Kale
In general, it can be argued that the former capital of Theodoro - Mangup-Kale - still preserved itself quite well, so you can even judge about its former power by its ruins. From three sides it is protected by a high steep, and from that absolutely inaccessible mountain Sadyk-Kaya, the city is also surrounded by a powerful fortress wall, which is simply impossible to overcome. Here are the grottoes and deep caves, which are created by nature itself, have been skillfully improved by people and equipped in such a way that in case of prolonged sedimentation they do not experience either need or inconvenience. This was especially true of drinking water supplies - in addition to two sufficiently full-flowing mountain streams to quench the thirst of city residents, a deep well with spring water was also dug.
Mangup Kale cave city
When the Turks took possession of Crimea, they turned the cave city into a real dungeon for prisoners, as evidenced by the walled up windows of buildings. But Mangup was not a purely defensive structure, judging by the remains of the round castle walls, intricate details of the decor, local princes built their palaces here with a special scale and chic.
Today Mangup Kale is invariably included in the list of the most popular and frequently visited places on tourist and excursion routes by mountain Crimea and is cultural heritage Crimean Autonomous Republic.
Modern Polyana is located at the foot of Sadyk-Kai, and from here, as a rule, the ascent to the cave city begins. All conditions have been created for tourists here - shops, several summer cafes are open, where you can easily rest and satisfy your hunger, having tasted the dishes of the Crimean Tatar cuisine.
- Where to stay: Big Yalta - a treasure trove of resorts that have been loved since Soviet times: the sanatoriums of cozy Alupka and old Gurzuf, picturesque Koreiz and bohemian Livadia, charming Miskhor and pompous Foros, as well as the beautiful Yalta, sung by poets and artists, await vacationers. It makes sense for fans of silence to stay in chamber Gaspra, Katsiveli, Nikita or Polyana. The swallow's nest will enchant you with amazing views, Massandra - with its “fun component”, and Simeiz - with bizarre rocks. Something special can be found among others
Tourist recreation center "Crimean Polyana" "Crimean Polyana" is a tourist base specializing in providing services for active rest... Located in the upper reaches of the Afips River in the Seversky District Krasnodar Territory... The unique natural landscape of the base allows vacationers to diversify their leisure time by climbing the Planic rocks, excursions to the Bystry, Red Rocks spring. Cozy two-storey houses with rooms for 6 and 8 beds will gladly welcome guests. After a day full of events and impressions, guests will be offered to relax and steam in a real Russian sauna on the wood, and barbecue lovers will be able to test their culinary abilities on the grills provided to them. Evening gatherings near a huge bonfire and songs with a guitar are also popular at the base. Places for placement are equipped campgrounds, equipped with sports grounds (football and volleyball fields). Every year it is here that the youth rally "Region 93" is held under the patronage of the governor of the Krasnodar Territory. The main specialization of the base staff is working with children. Every year, children from many cities of Russia have a rest at the camp site in summer camps. Experienced instructors accompany children on hiking trips, help cook food on a fire, teach them how to survive in conditions close to extreme. The children are instilled in a team spirit, the ability to achieve goals, management skills. And the stories told with the flickering flame of the evening fire remain in the hearts of young tourists for a long time. Enjoy the splendor of mountain landscapes, crystal clear air and just relax in the "Crimean Polyana". An unforgettable experience all vacationers are guaranteed! Location and territory "Krymskaya Polyana" is located in the upper reaches of the Afips River in the Seversky District of the Krasnodar Territory, in a wooded mountainous area, 7.5 km from the village of Krepostnaya. The base area is 3, 9 hectares. Accommodation Cozy two-storey houses with several rooms with a capacity of 6 and 8 beds will gladly welcome vacationers. Common room with satellite TV, common kitchen with stoves and a set of dishes. Meals Cooking - independent in the shared kitchen with stoves and a set of dishes; on the grill or fire from our own products. For groups of 20 people or more, it is possible to prepare meals by the base chef according to a customized menu (for an additional fee). Baza beach is located in the upper reaches of the Afips River. The beach is rocky. Services and services - satellite TV, - a parking lot, - a kitchen with a gas stove and a set of dishes, refrigerators, - an iron, - an outside shower, - a Russian bath. Tours and special offers Weekend rest. Paintball. Corporate rest... Organization of accommodation on the basis of participants of off-site festive and business events, competitions, hiking trips... Children's tourism. Excursions to the Planic rocks, to the Bystry spring, to the Red Rocks. Additional information: Animals: Stay with animals is possible. Documents: Passport. Check-out time: The hour of arrival at the base. Duration of arrival: no restrictions. Water supply: water from an artesian well. Functioning: year-round. Accommodation cost Price level: economical, average May-September: day stay 100 rubles. per person, overnight - 200 rubles October-April: 350 rubles. per day per person Accommodation price includes: Accommodation, use of sports grounds, beach, sports and kitchen equipment, awnings, barbecues, satellite TV. Discounts: Children under 6 years old - free, head of a group of tourists from 15 people - free. Address: Krasnodar region, Seversky district, 7.5 km from the Krepostnaya station
Length 17-18 km; duration! - 1.5 days; elevation differences 600-640 m.
The route is recommended for people with minimal experience of weekend hikes with an overnight stay in the field. The shelter can be reached by a regular bus to the village of Krepostnaya, and then by passing transport or on foot 10 km towards the village of Plancheskaya Shchel along a dirt road.
The starting point of the pedestrian part of the route is the * Crimean Polyana tourist shelter. Built in . the mid-seventies, in connection with the development of the country's first planned tourist route for high school students "Along the partisan paths of the Kuban". At first, frame tents were erected here, gradually the territory was developed, modern two-story cottages were built, stationary kitchens and dining rooms were equipped, electricity was supplied, etc. Now the shelter can simultaneously accommodate 350-400 people. There are two volleyball courts, foot
sore field, sports and tourist equipment, bathhouse, dance hall.
From the fireplaces, located in the depths of the shelter, into the forest, in the western direction, a path goes up the stream to the Crimean pass. The valley gradually narrows and acquires the character of a gorge. The stream dries up in summer, but the rest of the year the watercourse is constant. It goes easily, freely. After about 20 minutes, an increasing steepness begins to be felt. The trail goes either to the right bank or to the left. Often fallen trees block the road, but the marked planned path does not allow us to go astray (the marking will accompany us only to the Crimean pass). The pass mark is located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot. One of the roads goes south to the Partizansky shelter. We, having passed the plot, descend into the valley of the Solyony stream, azimuth direction 280-285. When descending, you need to find any of the numerous animal paths, which will lead in 15-20 minutes to the Solyony channel. All in all, from the shelter to Solyonye 3.5 km, 1 hour 10 minutes - 1 hour 20 minutes. There is a road along the left bank of the stream. It is necessary to cross it and start climbing one of the buttresses stretching to the southern, steep slopes of Sober-Basha. At first, the steepness is quite significant, then the ridge flattens out and turns from southwest to west. The pristine nature is felt here. It is difficult to move forward - small cotoneaster areas alternate with rugged azalea thickets.
Azalea yellow, or yellow rhododendron is a shrub up to 3 m in height from the heather family. Blooms in May - June. It is widespread in the foothill and mountain forest areas, as well as in the subalpine belt up to 2000 m above sea level, in places it forms more thickets. The leaves of yellow rhododendron contain glycosidic substances, sterols and tannins. The flower petals contain essential oil, which is used in the perfumery industry in the production of higher grades of perfumes. Yellow azalea is a highly poisonous plant, especially flowers and buds. During flowering, it exudes an intoxicating odor that causes headaches.
The giant Sober-Bash can be seen through the thickets.
In about an hour from the beginning of the ascent to the buttress at the highest point, we descend from the ridge, going down towards the Dulyovoi Shchel, to the overgrown plot. From it in 5 minutes we go to the "Soberskaya Around the World" - the old ring road around the mountain. If we follow it to the south-west, we find ourselves again in the basin of the Solyony stream. We go in the opposite direction. We continue to traverse the eastern slopes of Sober-Bash. There are some giant specimens of oak trees in several girths ...
Not far from the fork, before the ascent to the summit of Sober-Basha, the "circumnavigation" leads, in 25-30 minutes, to a turn to the summit. The main thing is not to miss this turn. It is located opposite a burnt tree with a hollow, 200-250 meters before reaching the Duleva Shchel stream.
There is very little left, but these are the most difficult hundreds of meters. A long, very steep climb, uncharacteristic for logical, "smart" forest trails. But we have no choice. Alpenstocks (a long stick with a pointed tip) will come in very handy. The steepness of the trail increases to 30-35. You need to walk in a dense group, with an interval between participants of 0.5-1 m, without stopping, evenly, at a slow pace. Take “minutes” in 200-250 steps - short rest stops. Hold the Alpenstock in the "cane" position, that is, in one hand, like an ordinary stick.
In the beech-maple forest 500 m from the summit there is a spring, one of the sources of the Dulyova Shchel. In general, there are many such springs on the slopes of Sober-Bash. Some of them are forgotten and abandoned, others (Rimba or Kalina, for example) are used to quench their thirst. We cross the flat-topped mountain meadow. In the sixties and seventies, this peak in winter was a place of pilgrimage for Krasnodar tourists and skiers. Gradually Sober-Bash alpine skiing lost its positions, giving the palm to more promising ski slopes - on Mount Lysoi (at Chilipsi station), Mount Semiglava, the dam of the Krasnodar reservoir.
However, back to our route. Passing two
huge, gently sloping clearings, through a small strip of forest we go to the highest mark. A geodetic point and a bust of V.I.Lenin are installed here.
Much has been written, told, and composed about Mount Sober-Bash. We will give only the azimuths of directions to the uplifts opening from the top: Medvezhya Mountains - 300, Ubin-Su - 253, Papay - 243, Pshchada - 230, -Bolshoi Athena - 170, Baraniy Rog - 145, Crimean Polyana Shelter -128, highest point Pshaf ridge - 93. The circular panorama from the highest point of Sober-Basha does not open. Directions to the north points can be seen from other open points of the mountain.
In total, 4-5 walking hours were spent on the ascent from the shelter, the climb was about 650 m. We return to the "circumnavigation" along the ascent path. If we proceed from the fact that the time spent on the descent, in relation to the time spent on the ascent, at the same distance is two "times less, then we will overcome this path in 25-30 minutes (50 minutes were spent on the ascent - G h Alpenstocks will be needed again. With the feeling of winners in the "sober around the world" we descend to the place of the big halt - first, to the intersection of the trail with the Dulyova Slit, and then we have to climb a little (100 m) by the forest to a small hillock. firewood.
After lunch or a snack, we make an excursion to the waterfalls. There are more than twenty of them in the Muzzle Slit, large and small. One of them falls just above the path from a 5-meter ledge. But the most remarkable waterfall - Utaenniy - is 300 m below the trail. Along its entire 11-meter height there is a giant limestone-sandstone layer. When there is a lot of water, the noise of the waterfall is heard for half a kilometer. Oak, ash, dogwood grow around. There is a well-developed basin at the lower edge of the ledge. In hot sunny weather, a tired traveler will gladly refresh himself in its watery surface. From the resting place we go back to the shelter, by a shorter way. The reference point is a wide and gentle forest ridge, stretching east-southeast, to the Solyonaya Balka. In 30 minutes we go to the destroyed dolmen. It is not described in the literature. It is only known that there were several tens of dolmens in the Sober-Basha area. Some of them were found by students of the Agricultural Institute, headed by the tireless explorer of nature V. Likhachev. Here is what the famous Kuban archaeologist Professor N.V. Anfimov writes about dolmens:
“Literally, a dolmen is a stone table. And indeed, in the west of France, in Brittany, dolmens look like huge stone tables. Dolmens of the North-Western Caucasus are somewhat different. A typical dolmen form is a dolmen made up of four massive stone slabs and covered with a fifth slab. The slabs were carefully hewn, and grooves were made in the longitudinal walls to strengthen the transverse slabs ... In the front wall, as a rule, an oval or round hole was made, which was closed with a stone mushroom-shaped bushing (plug) ... Dolmens have long attracted the attention of the local population. Poetic legends and tales were formed about them, which were passed from mouth to mouth, from generation to generation, and have survived to this day. According to the Adyghe legend, in ancient times a tribe of dwarfs and giants lived in the mountains. The dwarfs did not have houses, and they did not have enough strength to build a home for themselves. That is why they were exposed to all sorts of hardships of a devil-like life: they got wet in the rain, froze, in winter they were covered with snow. The giants took pity and decided to build houses for the dwarfs. The giants were so strong that each of them could cut out a huge slab of stone and, carrying it on his shoulders, bring it to the place of construction. Four of these slabs, stacked in the form of a square box, made up a house, covered from above by a fifth slab. Instead of two rai ... in the front slab, the giants punched round holes through which the dwarfs rode in on horseback. And that is why the Circassians called dolmens "spyuna", which means dwarf houses. The tribe of dwarfs has long died out, and there are no giants anymore, but the houses of dwarfs are still standing. This is the legend.
The Russian population ... called the dolmens "heroic huts". In fact, these are burial structures, a kind of crypts, mainly dating back to the second half of the III-II millennium BC, i.e. having 3-, 4-, 5-thousand years ago. They
they are found alone, in small groups or form significant clusters ... As a rule, dolmens are always located on the surface, but there are also buried ones ... "!
"Our" dolmen is also tiled. In all likelihood, it, half buried in the ground, was destroyed in the postwar period. Only one slab (2X2 m) was intact. The second is split near the inlet. The diameter of the hole is 25–30 cm. The façade of the dolmen was turned to the south, towards the lowering of the ridge. Traces of human processing are visible on the slabs.
Continuing the route, we descend from the ridge to the Dulyova Shchelja watercourse. Keeping an azimuth of 120-130, after 1.5-2 km we get to the already familiar Solyony stream. You can return from it in two ways. The first - along the original path through the Crimean pass. The second option is somewhat longer, but more interesting. From the fork in the markings, go along the upper left path: After crossing the jumper, we traverse the southern slopes with a height of 341 m.A 20-minute walk to the shelter opens up a good panorama of the Afipsa valley and the surrounding uplifts - the Korabelny, Fortress, Krasny, Shirkiy ridges. In the distance in the south, in a gray haze, one can see the regular cone of Mount Bolshoi Afips.
