Ural is a chain mountain peaks, which separates Europe from Asia and occupies a fairly large territory of Russia and Kazakhstan. The vast expanses, unique landscape and beauty of local nature attract more and more lovers every year. active resta. This influenced the active development of ecological tourism. For active travelers, more and more hiking routes are being worked out, and more and more adventure tours are being organized. Ecotourism is gaining special popularity.
Ecotourism is a vacation for those people who want to enjoy unspoiled nature and local ethnocultural characteristics. This approach makes it possible to maximally preserve local natural resources - after all, it is these sights that attract tourists.
The main aspects on which the organization and promotion of ecological tours is based:
- This type of tourism popularizes the beauty of local nature and enables travelers to get closer to the local culture, to understand the peculiarities of life in the Urals.
- Respect for local traditions and the life of the indigenous population, which allows you to maximize the preservation of wildlife in its original form.
- Ecological tourism is economically beneficial for the local population, which stimulates them to preserve natural attractions in an intact form, thereby preserving the unique ecosystem of the Ural Mountains.
- Nature protection is the main goal for which all kinds of thematic events are held.
- This type of tourism is entrusted with an educational and educational mission.
Leisure combined tours
This is a special tourist destination for active amateurs extreme entertainment. Accordingly, if a person's physical fitness is not at the proper level and there are also problems with discipline, then this entertainment is not for him. And for those who are collected, strong in spirit and body, such a trip will bring a lot of positive impressions and emotions. By combining hiking and descending mountain rivers, you can maximize the natural beauty of this unique area.
Environmental education and awareness
To draw attention to the problem of the ecology of the Ural Territory is the most important task of ecological tourism in general. The lack of proper environmental education and awareness has led to negative consequences. Local residents do not fully understand what kind of valuable and unique natural attractions surround them, and accordingly they do not value and do not protect the environment. There is no need to harbor false hopes and say that tomorrow the Urals will become a world famous resort like Baden-Baden and Piedmont. But if we correctly use what our nature is rich in and develop ecotourism and outdoor activities, then in the near future the situation will change dramatically.
The Perm Territory is distinguished not only by its unique natural landscape, but also by its historical and cultural features. It is on the territory of the Ural Mountains that you can find unique artifacts that are little known to the general public.
To implement a project for the development and promotion of ecotourism, first of all, you need to start with the information component.
For this, it is necessary to attract the maximum attention of the television press and other mass media to this problem.
It is also important to organize a special educational project for schools and other educational institutions, which will give the young generation a correct idea of \u200b\u200btheir homeland, its heritage and history.
It is important to promote tourism in the Urals through all kinds of Internet resources. In this way, you can popularize local attractions far beyond the aisles, not only perm region, but also Russia.
The main task is to create a correct positive image of tourism in the Urals in general and the environmental direction in particular.
On request
Combined tours, horseback riding, walking and water tour
Rafting water trips along the rivers of the Urals
Excursion tours in the Urals
* on request - the tour is conducted for organized groups of 10 people
The Ural (from Bashk. Үr - upland, Bashk. Үral - belt) is a geographic region in Russia, stretching between the East European and West Siberian plains. The main part of this region is the Ural mountain system.
The Ural is located at the junction of Europe and Asia and is the border between these regions. The stone belt of the Urals and the adjacent elevated plains of the Urals stretch from the shores of the Arctic Ocean in the north to the semi-desert regions of Kazakhstan in the south in the form of a 100-400 km strip: for more than 2500 km they separate the East European and West Siberian plains.
Territorial division
Polar Ural
Subpolar Urals
Northern Ural
Middle Urals
· Southern Urals
The Urals have long amazed and amazes researchers with an abundance of minerals and their main wealth - minerals. In the depths of the Ural Mountains there are iron and copper ores, and chromium, and nickel, and cobalt, and zinc, and coal, and oil, and gold, and precious stones. The Urals have long been the largest mining and metallurgical base in the entire country. Forest resources also belong to the riches of nature. The South and Middle Urals provide an opportunity for agriculture.
This natural region is one of the most important for the life of Russia and its citizens.
Features of nature
The Ural Mountains consist of low ridges and massifs. The highest of them, rising above 1200-1500 m, are located in the Subpolyarny (Mount Narodnaya - 1895 m), North (Mount Telposiz - 1617 m) and South (Mount Yamantau - 1640 m) Urals. The massifs of the Middle Urals are much lower, usually not higher than 600-800 m. The western and eastern foothills of the Urals and the foothills are often cut by deep river valleys, in the Urals and in the Urals there are many rivers.
The Ural Mountains are old (originated in the late Proterozoic) and are located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Hercynian folding.
Climate
The climate of the Urals is typical mountainous; precipitation is distributed unevenly not only across regions, but also within each region. West Siberian Plain - a territory with a harsh continental climate; in the meridional direction, its continentality increases much less sharply than on the Russian Plain. The climate of the mountainous regions of Western Siberia is less continental than the climate of the West Siberian Plain. It is interesting that within the same zone on the plains of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals, natural conditions differ markedly. This is explained by the fact that the Ural Mountains serve as a kind of climatic barrier. To the west of them more precipitation falls, the climate is more humid and mild; to the east, that is, beyond the Urals, there is less precipitation, the climate is drier, with pronounced continental features.
A couple of centuries ago, the animal world was richer than it is now. Plowing, hunting, deforestation drove out and destroyed the habitats of many animals. Wild horses, saigas, bustards, little bustards have disappeared. Herds of deer migrated deep into the tundra. On the other hand, rodents (hamsters, field mice) have spread on the plowed lands. In the north, you can meet the inhabitants of the tundra - reindeer, and in the south, typical inhabitants of the steppes - marmots, shrews, snakes and lizards. The forests are inhabited by predators: brown bears, wolves, wolverines, foxes, sables, ermines, and lynxes. Ungulates (moose, deer, roe deer, etc.) and birds of various species are found in them.
Differences in landscapes are noticeable when climbing. In the South Urals, for example, the path to the peaks of the largest Zigalga ridge begins with the intersection of a strip of hills and ravines at the foot, which is densely overgrown with bushes. Then the road goes through pine, birch and aspen forests, among which grassy glades flicker. Above, spruces and firs rise like a palisade. Dead wood is almost invisible - it burns out with frequent forest fires... Swamps can be encountered in gentle places. The peaks are covered with stone deposits, moss and grass. Rare and stunted spruces, crooked birches that come across here, do not in any way resemble the landscape at the foot, with multi-colored carpets of herbs and bushes. Fires at high altitudes are already powerless, so the path is now and then blocked by rubble of fallen trees. The top of Mount Yamantau (1640 m) is a relatively flat area, but it is almost inaccessible due to the heap of old shafts.
Natural resources
Of the natural resources of the Urals, the most important are its mineral resources. The Urals have long been the largest mining and metallurgical base in the country. And the Ural ranks first in the world in the extraction of some mineral ores.
Back in the 16th century, deposits of rock salt and sandstone containing copper were known on the western outskirts of the Urals. IN 17th century rather numerous iron deposits became known and iron works appeared.
Placers of gold and platinum deposits were found in the mountains, and precious stones on the eastern slope. From generation to generation, the skill of searching for ore, smelting metal, making weapons and art products from it, processing gems was passed on.
In the Urals, there are numerous deposits of high-quality iron ores (Magnitnaya, High, Blagodat, Kachkanar mountains), copper ores (Mednogorsk, Karabash, Sibay, Gai), rare non-ferrous metals, gold, silver, platinum, the best bauxite in the country, stone and potassium salts (Solikamsk, Berezniki, Berezovskoe, Vazhenskoe, Iletskoe). There is oil in the Urals (Ishimbay), natural gas (Orenburg), coal, asbestos, precious and semi-precious stones.
The hydropower potential of the Ural rivers (Pavlovskaya, Yumaguzinskaya, Shirokovskaya, Iriklinskaya and several small hydroelectric power plants) remains a far from fully developed resource.
Rivers and lakes
The rivers belong to the basins of the Arctic Ocean (on the western slope - Pechora with Usoy, on the eastern - Tobol, Iset, Tura, Lozva, Northern Sosva, belonging to the Ob system) and the Caspian Sea (Kama with Chusovaya and Belaya; Ural river).
Origin of the place name
There are many versions of the origin of the toponym "Ural". An analysis of the linguistic contacts of the first Russian settlers in the region indicates that the toponym, in all likelihood, was adopted from the Bashkir language. Indeed, of all the autochthonous peoples of the Urals, this name has existed since ancient times only among the Bashkirs, and is supported at the level of the language, legends and traditions of this people (the epic Ural-Batyr). Other indigenous peoples of the Urals (Khanty, Mansi, Udmurts, Komi) have different traditional names for the Ural Mountains, adopting the name "Ural" only in the 19th-20th centuries from the Russian language.
In the Bashkir language, the toponym “Ural” is understood as very ancient, probably going back to the Pra-Türkic state. It should be associated with a head. үr ~ Old Türk. * ör "height, height". [
"Ural" in Bashkir means a belt. There is a Bashkir tale about a giant who wore a belt with deep pockets. He hid all his wealth in them. The belt was huge. Once a giant stretched it, and the belt lay across the entire land, from the cold Kara Sea in the north to the sandy shores of the southern Caspian Sea. This is how the Ural Range was formed.
In Greek books, written two thousand years ago, one can read about the distant "Riphean Mountains", where gloomy vultures guard untold golden treasures. The Bashkir folk epic "Ural-Batyr", which tells about the progenitors of the peoples of the Urals who survived after the Flood, the conflict that arose and the subsequent struggle of the Urals with his older brother Shulgan, who chose the path of evil and the settlement of their descendants of the adjacent lands, deserves more attention. with the events of the epic. The conflict of life, mercy and the natural principle "the strong eats the weak", the topic of the search for Living water and personified Death for its subsequent destruction, for the sake of eternal life, the idea of \u200b\u200bselfless service to people, equality and self-sacrifice for the benefit of others.
The contribution of the Urals to the artistic culture of Russia is not only great, but also remarkably original. Industry was a solid foundation on which the arts and crafts of the Urals flourished, and factories were its main centers. The importance of industry in the development of the region and its culture was well understood by the contemporaries themselves. In one of the official documents it is written: "Yekaterinburg owes both its existence and its flourishing condition only to factories."
With good reason, the Urals can be considered the birthplace of Russian industrial marble processing, subordinate to the needs of Russian architecture. If we turn to antiquity, then this is primarily folk arts and crafts. For example, carpet weaving, patterned weaving, embroidery, leather processing, vivid examples of which have been preserved in the Bashkir folk art. In the museums of the Republic of Bashkortostan, one can directly touch the rich variety of antique items. Modern artists such as A. Mazitov, D. Suleimanov, T. Sirazhetdinov, G. Kalitov, R. Minnibaev, A. Korolevsky, Meos, B. Domashnikov, Y. Aminev and many others can rightfully be called the successors, creative reformers of folk traditions. others.
Introduction
1. Characteristics of the Polar Urals
1.2 Features of the relief
1.3 Climatic characteristics
2.Theoretical aspects of the development of sports tourist routes
2.1 Stages of route development
3. Tourist characteristics of the Polar Urals
3.1 Entrances
3.2 The most popular areas of the Polar Urals
3.3 Possible types of tourism
4. Conclusion
5. List of sources used
1. Characteristics of the Polar Urals
1.1 general characteristics territory
The Polar Urals are considered to be the section of the Urals from the headwaters of the Khulga River in the south to Mount Konstantinov Stone Ocean in the north. In the west and east, the ridges of the Polar Urals are adjacent to the taiga and tundra spaces of the Pechora and West Siberian lowlands. The territory of the mountainous region of the Polar Urals covers an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 25,000 sq. km. Severe, but majestically beautiful nature of the Polar Urals. Its turbulent deep rivers, cascading streams, calm lakes with crystal-clear turquoise water, dense forests in the south, lush mountain meadows and bluish mountain ranges will forever remain in the memory of a person who has been to this land.
But the Polar Urals are famous not only for their severity and beauty. During the years of Soviet power, the richest deposits of coal were discovered on its territory (the Pechora coal basin), iron, rock crystal, copper, antimony and many other minerals were found in the mountains. Of great value are the country's best reindeer pastures in the mountains, and in the southern lowland part - forests consisting of valuable tree species - larch, spruce, pine and cedar. Along with harvesting wood, squirrels, ermine, otters have been hunted in forests for many centuries, and polar foxes have been hunted in the mountains and tundra.
Everywhere you can find a bear, elk, wolf, wolverine, reindeer, fox and hare. Unafraid wood grouses, black grouse, hazel grouses and partridges freely let the hunter take a shot. In the north, in the tundra lakes, countless numbers of game nest. The noise of geese, ducks, waders, loons and other waterfowl from spring to late autumn breaks the silence of the tundra. The rivers and lakes of the Polar Urals abound in fish - grayling, taimen, etc. And how many berries and mushrooms ripen by the end of summer in the taiga and tundra!
The Polar Urals have long attracted people mainly by the abundance of fur-bearing animals and fish. The availability of movement along deep rivers contributed to the fact that already in the XI century. enterprising Novgorodians sailed along the Pechora and its tributaries, conducting trade relations with the Ugra. From distant Novgorod they sailed along the rivers to the Pechora and along its tributaries beyond the Urals, dragging boats through numerous portages to the rivers of the Ob basin. But the development and settlement of the region, due to its remoteness and the absence of direct waterways connecting it with the center of the country, proceeded very slowly.
The first geographic description and the map of the Polar Urals were compiled only after the survey of its territory by the North Ural expedition of the Russian Geographical Society. She worked here under the leadership of E. Hoffmann from 1847 to 1850. Expeditionary research carried out in the Polar Urals in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries was one-sided, since they were mainly aimed at exploring possible connecting waterways between the Pechora and Ob through the passes of the Polar Urals. A comprehensive study of nature and the development of the resources of the Polar Urals began in the early 30s of our century, when the richest deposits of coal were found in the region of the Vorkuta River. And so in the tundra, where until recently blizzards howled in winter, and there was no human habitation for hundreds of kilometers, comfortable towns and villages of miners with theaters, clubs, cinemas, schools and hospitals arose.
Cities and towns are located mainly along the Northern Railway between the cities of Inta, Vorkuta and the Khalmer-Yu station, and on its branch - between the stations of Seyda, Eletskiy and Labytnangi. There are no permanent settlements in the mountainous area. In summer, in the mountains you can find temporary bases of various expeditions and the plague of reindeer herders.
However, to this day, a significant part of the territory of the Polar Urals is completely unpopulated, poorly studied in natural terms and is rarely visited by tourists. There is an extensive field of activity for local lore tourists: they can visit glaciers, lakes, rivers that have not yet been explored by anyone and give their descriptions; collect interesting collections of minerals and herbarium. Of great interest to scientists may be the information obtained by tourists-skiers about the height and density of snow cover, air temperature and humidity, about the speed and direction of wind in different altitude zones, about the presence of ice in the rivers, their areas, the thickness and volume of ice enclosed in them.
1.2 Features of the relief
The Polar Urals are one of the most elevated parts of the ancient Ural Mountains. The ridges of the ridges here rise to 1100-1300 m above sea level, and individual peaks reach even greater heights. The axial zone of the Polar Urals is composed mainly of ancient metamorphic rocks, broken through by powerful outpourings of granites and granodiorites, which are associated with rare metal, mineralization and deposits of rock crystal. Many mountain ranges are composed of quartzites and quartzite conglomerates.
By the nature of the relief and geological structure, the Polar Urals is divided into northern and southern sharply different parts. The northern part (from Mount Konstantinov Kamen 'to the valley of the Sob River) is a complex system of short ridges and massifs of the northern or northeastern direction, separated by longitudinal and transverse river valleys. In the relief, the Oche-Nyrd, Bolshoi and Maly Paipudynsky, Khanmeisky, Borzova, Yengane-Pe, etc. ranges stand out. The relative heights of these ranges above the river valleys reach 800-1000 m, and the width of the valleys is 3-4 km (the valleys of the Niya-Yu, Shchuchya).
The width of the mountainous region sharply increases to the south (from 5-7 km at Konstantinov Kamen 'to 125 km in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Engane-Pe ridge). The western slope of the Polar Urals is steeper than the eastern one; almost along its entire length, it abruptly breaks off to the foothill depressions, along which the high-water rivers Usa and Kara flow. The eastern slope descends gradually to the West Siberian lowland, ending in a wide strip of foothill ridges.
The western part of the mountainous region is dissected by rivers and streams, much stronger than the eastern one. Along with plateau-like peaks, ridges with typical alpine relief forms are widely developed here; the most picturesque, with jagged sharp ridges, peaks, deep kars and rocky steep slopes, are the Oche-Nyrd ridge and ridges in the regions of the Bolshoy and Malyi Khadat-Yugan-Lor, Bolshoy and Maly Shchuchye lakes.
As a result of the last tarn-valley glaciation, the slopes of many ridges were eaten away by carts and circuses, in the depths of which there are picturesque deep lakes, glaciers and snowfields. The slopes of the ridges are also cut by deep gorges, into which violent streams rush in cascades of waterfalls. There are especially many beautiful waterfalls on the streams flowing from the eastern slope of the Oche-Nyrd ridge (Vodopadny and Ozerny streams), and on the rivers flowing into the Kara and the Baydaratskaya Bay.
A characteristic feature of the northern part of the Polar Urals is the extremely deep dissection of ridges and massifs by through transverse valleys and the insignificant height of the passes. The absolute heights of most of the passes across the main watershed separating Europe from Asia do not exceed 300 m above sea level. At the same time, the relative heights of the ranges near the passes reach 1000 m. Especially low passes (from 200 to 300 m above sea level) with gentle, insignificant rises. Allowing tourists to easily drag boats in summer and transport cargo on sledges in winter, they are located between the headwaters of the Izya-Shor River (the right tributary of the Big Usa) and Lake Maloe Khadata-Yugan-Lor. Between the headwaters of Malaya Kara and Lake Maly Shchuchye, between the headwaters of Bolshoy Kara and Lake Bolshoy Shchuchye and between the source of Malaya Usa (Lake Usva-Ty) and the headwaters of Malaya Shchuchye.
The southern part of the Polar Urals (from the valley of the Sob River to the sources of the Khulga) is much narrower than the northern (up to 25-30 km). The dividing ridge stretches in the southwest direction for more than 380 - km. The ridge is divided by transverse valleys into separate massifs (Rai-Iz, Pai-Er, Voikar-Synyinsky) with absolute heights of 1100-1200 m, and only the peaks rise above 1400 m above sea level (Pai-Er - 1427 m Lemva-Iz - 1421 m).
The introduction in Russia of the Institute of Entrepreneurship and the Federal Law "On the Procedure for Departure from the Russian Federation and Entry into the Russian Federation" of August 15, 1996 gave a powerful impetus to the generation of large-scale tourist flows.
The Ural region was no exception. Organizations of the tourism industry are being created, providing their services and organizing tours in Russia and abroad. Comfortable hotels offer accommodation services for guests of the Urals, both from Russia and foreign tourists and delegations.
The geographical position of the Urals, its natural and economic resources and attractions attract thousands of tourists every year. The concentration of activities of enterprises in the sphere of tourism are regional centers: Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Perm, Izhevsk, Orenburg, Kurgan. These cities are attractive for both leisure tourists and business visits to the region. Since the regional centers represent large industrial formations and the most important transport hubs. They concentrate political and administrative, organizational and economic, cultural, educational, research activities.
The Ural Mountains are also attractive for visiting guests of the region for their fantasticness and beauty. They separate the North from the South, separate the rivers flowing to the North from the rivers flowing to the South, and they themselves serve as the source for many of them.
The mines and mines in the Urals that extract precious metals and stones also attract tourists. And also industrial enterprises. But besides this, there are various historical, cultural and scientific sights of the Urals.
For example, in Votkinsk, the great Russian composer P.I. Tchaikovsky, after whom the city in the Perm region is named. As a scientific center, the Ural is famous for its research and design institutes, which are closely related to the life of the region, as well as Siberia and other regions of our country. All this, all the sights and values \u200b\u200bof the Urals are of great interest and attract tourists, as well as expanding business ties and cooperation. This, in turn, leads to investment in the tourism sector of the Urals.
The tourism sector is an important component of the economic activity of the Urals, as well as of Russia as a whole. In light of the current economic difficulties in the country, and directly in the Ural region, due to the reduction of heavy industry enterprises, many people were left without work. Tourism also provides employment for the local population, the loading of hotels and hotels, restaurants and entertainment events, the flow of foreign currency.
Since the tourism sector in the Urals is relatively young and developing, a significant amount of effort is directed at its development and money... To date, hotels, boarding houses are being built in the Urals, various entertainment establishments are opening. For better service, in order to comply with the European standard, the aspect of training and education of personnel is very important. Work is underway in the field of cooperation between state tourism enterprises and the private sector in order to carry out the necessary training of personnel.
Thus, tourism is based on the exploitation of local tourist resources, which leads to additional income in the Urals and in the country as a whole.
After a deep economic crisis, which began in connection with the exhaustion of the potential of the socialist system, the collapse of the Soviet Union and the implementation of systemic economic reforms, the Urals, like the rest of Russia, are embarking on the path of stabilization and economic growth on a new socio-economic basis.
One of the prerequisites for development Ural region is an investment in the so-called human capital. Most economists believe that investment in human capital is now more important than investment in tangible assets. Since the presence of fixed capital without human capital does not guarantee prosperity.
Resources are another prerequisite. Although natural resources are not regarded as a key factor in economic growth, possession of large reserves of non-renewable resources is a huge advantage over other regions of Russia. High security natural resources The Urals creates good conditions for the development of a competitive raw materials sector.
Resource industries - primarily the production of oil, gas and non-ferrous metals - have the greatest chances of success in Russian economic development. In the raw materials industries, production falls much more slowly than in the industry as a whole. The production of gas, aluminum, gold and diamonds practically did not decrease. The oil and gas industries are profitable and provide the lion's share of budget revenues in the form of income taxes, rent payments, and export taxes. In general, the raw materials sector of the Urals is today the most competitive of all industries and has the best chances to attract large foreign investment.
The prospects for the development of industry, heavy machine building and light industry remain at a low level. Rebirth is possible on a completely new technical basis.
Since the country's economy as a whole faces the most important task - to improve the sectoral structure, characterized by a high proportion of fuel and raw materials industries with a relatively low proportion of the sector of high-tech, science-intensive industries and services. Then in the most important economic structures of the Urals there is an increase in the proportion, for example, of the electric power industry, fuel industries, metallurgy, which constitute the country's export potential.
In ferrous metallurgy, in the structure of raw materials in steel production, the share of steel scrap is decreasing and the share of a less economical type of raw material - cast iron - is increasing.
In the future, the Ural region is expected to increase production in the fuel and energy complex, metallurgy and food industry.
In the development of the fuel and energy complex, it is planned to increase the share of natural gas, deepen oil refining, gradually increase coal production, and upgrade worn-out power equipment. In the metallurgical complex, structural changes will be associated with the introduction of energy and resource saving technologies. In mechanical engineering and metalworking, it is planned to expand the production of technological equipment, improve the structure of the production of trucks by type of fuel consumed by increasing the proportion of cars with diesel engines, expanding the production of modern vehicles, etc. In the defense industry, the most valuable elements of production potential will be preserved and the development of the latest weapons at a limited number of enterprises will be supported. This will make it possible to preserve the best resources of the military-economic potential of the Ural region.
To maintain the competitiveness of the light industry, a number of measures are planned to reduce costs in the industry and expand the range of its products.
Another prerequisite for the development of the Ural region is the attraction of foreign investment. The prospect of a significant increase in foreign investment is also evidenced by specific facts about the expansion of foreign investors' activities in many sectors of the economy. Significant investments are expected in the gold mining industry. But especially significant investments are made in the oil industry.
The previously issued license - permits for prospecting, exploration and production of minerals - takes the form of a contract-contract with a clear definition of the rights and obligations of the parties and sanctions in case of violation of obligations by the person who received the license. Licenses cover the entire cycle - from the study and exploration of resources to their production. It is planned to maintain stability of conditions during the entire period of validity of licenses, regardless of possible adverse changes in tax or other legislation.
Of course, the fact cannot be ruled out that not all of the current plans of foreign investors will be realized. It should also be borne in mind that the expected capital investments, for example, in oil and gas production will not be realized immediately, but within a number of years.
In general, the most important problem has been and remains the creation of the necessary conditions for free private initiative both in the industrial-production complex and in agriculture and other spheres of activity. What should be achieved in the future.
1Hvorostova Ya.G. (Ozersk, Chelyabinsk Region, MBOU "Secondary School No. 21")
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The Chelyabinsk region - the stronghold of the state, the nuclear shield and the military arsenal - for many years was a blank spot on tourist maps Russia and the world.
Today, the area's tourist resources are open to numerous travel enthusiasts. In the region, over two hundred specially protected areas, 450 monuments of archeology, history and culture, urban planning and architecture are under state protection. Lists of objects of cultural, historical, scientific and artistic value are constantly growing.
The relevance of the topic lies in the assessment of the recreational economy of the region in order to develop tourism and stimulate the influx of tourists to the Chelyabinsk region from other regions of Russia and foreign countries.
Purpose of the study: to analyze the development of the tourism industry of the Chelyabinsk region, taking into account the assessment of the recreational resources of the native land.
The achievement of this goal is facilitated by the implementation of private tasks:
1. Assess the recreational resources of the Chelyabinsk region.
2. Analyze the proposals of travel agencies in the city of Ozersk and identify the main directions of domestic tourism.
3. Consider the services of the nearest sports and tourist complex "Province" and evaluate the importance of the complex for recreation of the inhabitants of the lake.
4. Develop the project "Ural-Europe-Asia".
5. To reveal the problems and prospects for the development of the tourism industry of the Chelyabinsk region.
Thus, the subject of this research is the ways of realizing the tourist potential of the Chelyabinsk region.
The object of this research is the recreational and tourist resources of the Chelyabinsk region.
Research methods:
1. Work with bibliographic sources of information, statistical data.
2. Questioning, interviewing.
3. Analysis and synthesis of the collected material.
The novelty of our work lies in the fact that we have analyzed the recreational and tourist resources of the Chelyabinsk region; characterized the priority areas of recreation for the city residents, developed the Ural-Europe-Asia project.
The practical significance of the work. The results and materials of the research can be used for further scientific research on the problems of tourism in the Chelyabinsk region, as well as in geography lessons and in extra-curricular work on local history.
Volume and structure of work. The work consists of an introduction, two chapters, including theoretical and practical parts, conclusions, bibliography. The volume of work is 8 pages.
What are recreational resources?
Recreation - restoration of the physical and spiritual forces of a person expended in the process of labor activity, increasing his health and working capacity.
Recreational resources are natural and man-made objects that have such properties as uniqueness, historical or artistic value, aesthetic appeal, and health-improving value.
All recreational resources can be divided into two subtypes:
1) natural and recreational resources;
2) anthropogenic and recreational resources.
Natural and recreational resources include favorable climatic conditions, the constancy of the weather, the duration of the frost-free period; a variety of landscapes, the presence of sanatoriums, holiday homes, campgrounds, ski resorts, etc.
Recreational resources of anthropogenic origin are also called cultural and historical. They are usually subdivided into monuments of history, archeology, architecture and art. Especially important sites of general human value are objects of the world natural and cultural heritage humanity.
Recreational resources are critical to development modern tourism.
Recreational tourism is the movement of people in their free time for the purpose of rest necessary to restore the physical and mental strength of a person. Recreational tourism can be roughly divided into several types:
Tourist and recreational type;
Educational and tourist type.
Each type requires its own type of recreational resources.
Assessment of recreational resources of the Chelyabinsk region
Based on the definition of recreational resources, we assessed the resources of the Chelyabinsk region according to the following criteria: orographic, hydrological, bioclimatic.
The relief of the Southern Urals is very diverse (from lowlands to mountain ranges). Let's consider the main features of these landforms.
The West Siberian Lowland is bounded in the west by a horizontal line (elevation 190 m above sea level). The lowland is dissected by wide river valleys. The Trans-Ural peneplain occupies central part territory of the region and extends in a strip along the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains from 50 km in the north to 150 km in the south. Mountains occupy the northwestern part of the region. The profile of the mountainous part is asymmetric: a steep eastern slope, the width of which is only 17 km to the Uraltau watershed ridge, and a relatively gentle western slope up to 175 km wide (area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Ashi). The highland part begins with the Yurma ridge, south of which the Ural Mountains rise. The ridges diverge to the south. The main ones are covered with stone placers, their tops are treeless and decorated with bizarre rocks. The western slopes of the mountainous part of the region are often composed of fractured carbonate rocks. Here and in the territories adjacent to the rivers, karst landforms are found everywhere - craters, gorges, ravines and caves. As of 01.01.2015, more than 450 caves have been registered by speleologists in the region. Almost all unique caves are located in the western and northwestern parts of the region, 26 unique caves and karst forms are declared natural monuments.
Conclusion: thus, the diversity of the region's relief determines the development of the following types of tourism.
1. The mountainous northwest serves as the basis for sports and educational tourism.
2. Trans-Ural peneplain presents opportunities for health tourism.
The main hiking, skiing and water tourism routes are laid here.
In addition, this area experiences the greatest recreational stress due to the development of spa treatment in this area.
The climate of the Chelyabinsk region is continental. Winters are cold and long (average temperature from -17 to -19 C) in severe winters, the absolute minimum air temperature is -46, -48 C. Summers are relatively hot (from +17 to +19 C) with recurring droughts. The continentality of the climate increases from northwest to southeast. The greatest amount of atmospheric precipitation falls on the windward slopes and peaks of the most high mountains (700-800 mm). The eastern slopes of the mountains receive 500-600 mm of precipitation. On the plain Trans-Urals, annual precipitation decreases from north to south from 500 to 300 mm. In the warm half of the year, 75-78% of the annual precipitation falls. The snow cover is thicker (44-48 cm) and longer (165-170 days) in the mountain-forest zone. The smallest indicator is characterized by snow cover in the steppe zone (24-30 cm, duration 153-155 days).
Conclusion: when assessing the climate, we identified the degree of its beneficial impact on human health: the territory of the region as a whole is provided with normal conditions for people to live, the development of sanatorium treatment and sports and health tourism.
Water resources
Rivers. On the territory of the Chelyabinsk region, numerous rivers are formed that belong to the basins of the Kama, Tobol and Urals. The total number of rivers within the region exceeds 3.5 thousand. The smallest rivers, not reaching 10 km, account for 90.3%. There are 348 rivers over 10 km long. 17 rivers are over 100 km long. And only 7 rivers (Miass, Uy, Ural, Ai, Ufa, Uvelka, Gumbeyka) are more than 200 km long (within the region).
Lakes. There are over 3 thousand lakes on the territory of the Chelyabinsk region. The eastern foothills are characterized by the greatest lakes (10-14%). The lakes stretch almost as a continuous strip from the Sinarskaya group in the north to the Chebarkulskaya group in the south. The largest lakes of the region are widespread here: Uvildy, Irtyash, Turgoyak, B. Kisegach, Kaslinsky lakes.
The groundwater. On the territory of the region, 69 deposits and areas of underground waters have been explored, including 6 deposits of mineral waters.
Swamps. total area swamps exceed 2,500 km. The percentage of waterloggedness averages 2.8%. In mountainous and foothill areas, the waterloggedness is about 10%. Swamps of forest-steppe regions make up 12-15%. There are few swamps in the southern regions and in the western foothills.
Conclusion: despite the fact that there are a large number of rivers and lakes in the region, a significant part of the territory is extremely poorly provided with water (southern and southeastern regions). The territories of the mountain-forest zone are the most provided with water, therefore, adventure tourism (rafting on mountain rivers) is especially developed in this area. Mountain areas are also rich in spring outlets. The lakes of the Chelyabinsk region are rich in balneological resources. In terms of the variety of therapeutic muds, the Trans-Urals occupies one of the first places in our country. Another type of recreational activity is developed on the lakes and bogs of the region - fishing.
Plant resources
Due to the fact that the Chelyabinsk region is located in three natural areasah: mountain-forest, forest-steppe and steppe, its vegetation is very diverse. Within its limits, you can find a variety of types of landscape (from tundra to steppes). The vegetation of the Chelyabinsk region is no less rich in species composition (almost 1500 species). The Ural Mountains, being an important climatic boundary, cause significant differences in the nature of the vegetation of the European and Asian slopes.
Conclusion: the most valuable plant resource of the region is the forest. The forest fund in the region is 2.5 million hectares. Average forest cover in the region is low, only 28%. Forests are distributed extremely unevenly within the region. The greatest forest cover is in mountainous regions, equal to 71%. In the forest-steppe zone, the forest cover is 21%, and the steppe zone is only 5.6%. Forests are widely used as resting places, they are rich in wild-growing useful plants: nut-bearing, berry, spice and flavor, salad. There are many types of honey plants (linden, maple, wild rose). Thus, plant resources are conducive to the development of sanatorium treatment and industrial gathering.
Animal resources
On the territory of the Chelyabinsk region, the fauna of three natural zones is represented: the fauna of mountain taiga, deciduous and mixed forests, steppe and valleys of large rivers.
In total, more than 60 species of mammals and about 300 species of birds live in the vastness of the region. The commercial fauna of the Chelyabinsk region consists of 33 species of mammals and 70 species of birds. Reptiles and amphibians are represented in the region by almost 20 species. Fast mountain and calm steppe rivers, deep, icy water and silted shallow lakes serve as habitat for 60 species of fish.
Conclusion: the composition and distribution of animals directly depends on the living conditions, which are very diverse within the Chelyabinsk region. An indispensable condition for the spread of a number of animals is the presence of water spaces. One of the reasons for the change in the number of certain species is the variability of the food base, and another is the unfavorable ecological situation and a powerful anthropogenic impact. The development of fishing tourism is associated with the animal world.
Thus, our region has a rich and varied recreational potential, conducive to the development of domestic tourism.
The main directions of tourism in the Chelyabinsk region
How has this potential been realized today? To answer this question, we analyzed the proposals of 5 travel companies in the city of Ozersk and interviewed tour operators, identified the main directions of domestic tourism and demand among the city residents.
1. Wellness (70%). This is, first of all, sanatorium treatment (in the region there are 12 health resorts, including 5 sanatoriums). The most famous of them: Dalnyaya Dacha, Kisegach, Uvildy. Houses and recreation centers on the lakes are rich in balneological resources.
2. Sports (53%). This is, first of all, tourism in ski resorts, of which there are 17 in our region. The most famous of them are Zavyalikha, Ajigardak, Solnechnaya Dolina, and the closest to us - Egoza. Another type of sports and educational tourism is speleological. There are over 450 caves in the region. The most famous: Sikiyaz-Tamak cave complex, Ignatievskaya cave, Sugomakskaya cave (Kyshtym city), Kurgazakskaya Karst cave.
3. Adventure (40%). Travel companies offer horseback riding, cycling routes in the mountainous north-western part of our region, rafting on the Yuryuzan, Ai, Sim, Ural rivers.
4. Cultural and educational (64%) Tours to the cities of the region Chelyabinsk, Miass, Zlatoust, Kyshtym, Kasli and others. And also a visit to the archaeological complex "country of cities", which includes 20 monuments of the beginning of the 2nd millennium BC. The most famous of which are Arkaim and Sintashta settlement.
5. Environmental (33%). Environmental problems are acute in the region, therefore, a similar direction is associated with visits to the national parks "Taganay", "Zyuratkul".
6. Commercial (3%). Huge opportunities in the region for hunters and fishermen, the area of \u200b\u200bhunting grounds alone is 5600 hectares. There are 44 reserves in the region. The hunting and fishing bases can accommodate 1,737 people at the same time.
Thus, the proposals of travel agencies cover all areas of domestic tourism in our region. The main demand among consumers of services is aimed at health tourism, cultural and educational and sports.
Sports and tourist complex "Province"
At the next stage of work, we decided to find out the priority directions of internal tourism of students of our school. We conducted a sociological survey among students in grades 5-11 in 21 schools (157 respondents) (Appendix 1).
Of them, 95% prefer to rest in the Chelyabinsk region.
Resting place - Kaslinsky district, Kyshtymsky district - 81%, Argayashsky district, Chelyabinsk district - 12%, others - 7%.
Season: summer - 100%; autumn - 35%; winter - 55%; spring - 15%.
The priority areas of recreation are: wellness - 85%, sports - 35%, industrial - 21%.
98% of respondents answered that their favorite vacation spot is the sports and tourist complex "Province", the main form of visiting is group - with a class of 64%, and individual - with parents - 36%. The second direction is the Egoza ski center - 34%, an individual form of visit - with parents - 100%.
Indeed, the closest to us and the most beloved by the inhabitants of the lake is the sports and tourist complex "Province", located in the village of Slyudorudnik, Chelyabinsk region (Kyshtym urban district).
A beautiful landscape, a wonderful combination - mountains, a lake, untouched nature, silence and clean air surround it from all sides. The sports and tourist center "Province" is a hotel complex, a sports center and a unique park for active recreation: an extreme park; laser tag arena; tourist routes through the quarries and adits of the Slyudyanaya mountain, excursion routes with the most beautiful views of the Ural Switzerland; adventure game based on orienteering - "Labyrinth"; bike rental; stable "Zabava" (horse riding training, horse rental, sleigh rides); ATV rental. IN winter time - tubing, training ski slopes, snow park and a warm cozy buffet, ski slopes that are suitable for both beginners and professional skiers.
The heart of the "Province" is the sports core, which includes all the necessary infrastructure and provides a sports calendar unique to a private sports center.
The sports stadium of the center is designed taking into account the possibility of holding starts in cyclic sports of different levels: orienteering, mountain biking, sledding, skiing, athletics, triathlon, motocross.
The infrastructure of the sports center includes a stadium with ski resorts, start and finish zones, referee buildings, bridges, a stage for awards, warm sports houses. There is also a bathhouse and a buffet.
Today, the center hosts about thirty traditional competitions (sports days, championships, stages of cups), among which more than ten are official competitions of the calendar of Russia and the region.
It is in "Provinces" that the final competitions of the Cup of Russia in sledding sports, mountain biking, orienteering on skis, the most famous Ural starts - the ski marathon "At the Crossroads", "Maiskaya Polyana" (orienteering), Blagikh Racing Cup (mountain bike ), "The path to the spring" (athletics).
The level and geography of the participants in the Slyudorudnik competitions are impressive: both lovers of active recreation from nearby towns and athletes from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tyumen, Perm, Krasnoyarsk, Ufa and other cities come here. Among the guests of the center are such stars as, for example, the Danish super-marathon runner Jesper Olsen or the only representative of Russia (mountain bike) at the Olympic Games in London Evgeny Pechenin. All year round, the camp hosts training camps for athletes of various sports.
Thus, in front of our eyes, for some 6 years, in the village of Slyudorudnik the formation of the sports and tourist center "Province" took place, which continues to develop dynamically and attract a large number of tourists.
Horse yard "Zabava" - communication with animals without barriers
One of the areas of the complex's work is a horse yard.
A horse yard is a fundamentally different form of communication with animals. They don't just sit in the corrals, but the visitors look at them from afar. So-called contact zoo makes it possible to enter into direct contact, not only observe, but also touch, stroke, feed. This is direct communication - without cages, enclosures and borders. And any child can personally see what kind of hair a horse has, how he feasts on apples, carrots, etc., can ride a horse, take care of animals.
I personally have been with my parents for 6 years now, taking care of the animals of the horse yard. Horses are my passion and my love. My horse's name is Ugar, he is 4 years old.
The horse is an amazing animal. It is as much a devoted friend to a person as a dog. For a long time, people have noticed that interaction and communication with a horse has a positive effect on a person.
In horses, I admire everything - beauty, grace, strength, speed, charm, and most importantly - nobility and devotion. Horses do not tolerate falsehood - surprisingly, they feel a person and his attitude towards them from a distance.
Man has always been drawn to this unusually noble animal. After all, communication with him, even a short ride on horseback, gives a lot of positive energy, energy and good mood. An adult understands this both with his heart and mind, and the child is drawn to him intuitively.
In total, 10 horses live in the horse yard. Each of them has its own "room" - a stall. Outside, on the door of the stall, there are two sacks of oats for lunch and dinner for the owner of the apartment. In the wide aisle between the stalls, you can see a box of oats, saddles, blankets, harnesses, special brushes, etc.
This amazing herbivore in the summer pasture can eat from 25 to 100 kg of grass and drink 30-60 liters of water per day!
Horses differ from each other not only in breed and height, but also in color and markings ... It's funny, but it turned out that the name of a horse's suit does not always coincide with the color that we see.
And among horses, as well as among people, there are phlegmatic, melancholic, sanguine and choleric people.
If for a person the temperature from 37.5 to 38.5 ° C is elevated and, most likely, indicates a viral infection, then for a horse this is absolutely normal. And we breathe in different ways: at rest, the horse breathes about 8-16 times a minute. But during a fast jump, her breathing rate increases 5-7 times. And the pulse or heart rate during a brisk jump from 30-40 beats per minute increases to 120-130. Another curious fact is that there are 212 bones in a horse's skeleton. Moreover, it lacks the bones of the clavicle, which allows the animal to make a large seizure of space with the front limbs.
The horses have funny names: Waste, Treasury, Stapler, Lexus, Mercedes. Pedigree horses, like dogs, are named by combining the first letters in the names of their parents: mom and dad.
Horses are very fond of carrots, apples and refined sugar, but this is a dessert. Their main food is still oats. But in Italy, Spain, Portugal and especially in the East, horses eat mainly barley.
I ride horses for children and adults. And nobody got scared! It is very unusual to feel how the ground under you is shaking and the center of gravity is constantly changing ... But it's so great!
Our long-term development plan includes the creation of contact zones with other animals (rabbits, goats, piglets, etc.) and the expansion of the boundaries of the tactile zoo. After all, today such zoos are a special type of animal therapy (from Latin animal - animal) - a type of therapy that uses animals and their images to provide psychotherapeutic assistance. Treatment with animals was known to cavemen. In the XXI century. scientists began to revive the forgotten recipes of our ancestors. The importance of animals for human well-being is becoming increasingly evident. The lack of healthy relationships with others in a large number of people leads to an increasing number of depression, stressful conditions, loneliness and various diseases. We want to help our citizens to be healthy and kind and empathetic!
Ural - Europe - Asia project
In January 2016, our region with the project "Golden Cluster of the South Urals" was included in the top five tourist projects in Russia and becomes a member of the federal target program (FTP) "Development of domestic and inbound tourism in the Russian Federation for 2011-2018".
The project of the tourist cluster "Golden Belt of the Urals Mountains" includes eight municipalities of the Chelyabinsk region, including facilities in the territory of Miass, Zlatoust, Trekhgorny, Kyshtym, Satkinsky, Katav-Ivanovsky, Kusinsky districts. The tourist cluster unites both already existing objects, for example, the national parks "Zyuratkul" and "Taganay", the ski resort "Solnechnaya Dolina", the club-hotel "Golden Beach", the monument of history and culture "Porogi", and still unrealized projects. In the South Urals, it is planned to develop four main areas of tourism: health, sports, cultural and educational and environmental. The total cost of the project is about 22 billion rubles.
The cluster approach is adopted in the Russian Federation as the main one for the development of territories. The cluster includes already existing tourist resources and routes. The essence of the cluster system is that it offers a variety of services to tourists. People are all diverse, and doing one thing all day long becomes boring. For example, a person, having come to spend a vacation in the South Urals, first decided to go skiing in the "Solnechnaya Dolina", then he wanted to join the cultural and historical life of the South Urals - visit the museum of gunsmiths in Zlatoust, or see the oldest hydroelectric power station in Russia - " Porozhskaya HPP, the service life of which has already exceeded one hundred years. Diverse tourist routes will be subdivided by subject matter and, at the same time, complement each other.
Having studied the cluster in detail, we found that it also includes the STC "Province" as an already formed complex. And we want to complement the cluster with our project - "Ural-Europe-Asia". For this, we have chosen a unique feature of the region's geographical position, namely, the planetary border between the parts of the world - Europe and Asia.
It is to this border that we want to draw attention. In our region, this conditional border is immortalized by the obelisk "Europe-Asia", erected in 1892, at the initiative and design of the famous engineer and writer Nikolai Grigorievich Garin-Mikhailovsky. This obelisk is located on a railway track 6 km from the city of Zlatoust. There is also a stele on the M5 Chelyabinsk - Ufa highway, 8 km south of Zlatoust, a stainless steel stele was erected in 1987 (by S. Pobeguts). The closest sign of the border of the parts of the world to Ozersk passes near the village of Bolshie Yegusty (the Kyshtym-Slyudorudnik-B. Yegusty highway). The stone stele is installed on the pass right above the spring, and, to put it mildly, has an unsightly appearance.
We believe that these architectural structures are outdated and do not bear significant planetary significance. For example, in the neighboring Sverdlovsk region, in the summer of 2007, a new obelisk "Europe-Asia" (not far from Yekaterinburg) was inaugurated, which attracts a lot of tourists. Why not create something grandiose in our region, taking into account the already won development program? We believe that this requires:
First, assess the potential of the area and identify the components required for tourism development. Secondly, propose specific activities to attract investment.
So, based on these two points, we propose to create a leisure complex "Ural-Europe-Asia" 15 km away. from the city of Zlatoust, where the federal highway Chelyabinsk-Moscow (M5 "Ural") passes, along which it went, goes and will continue to move from west to east and from east to west (from 16-21 thousand . cars). Here it is necessary to put signs (including in English) indicating the latitude and longitude of the conditional border, as well as distances to known geographical points (Moscow, London, the North Pole, Vladivostok, etc.)
Draw the border line straight along the highway, like an intermediate finish, which is crossed by cars and people. Perhaps the issuance of original letters (certificates), certifying the crossing of the border (as when crossing the equator).
Transmission of relevant information via the onboard radio of airliners and trains.
Construction of the hotel complex "Ural-Europe-Asia" (at the turn to Zlatoust), where there should be:
Comfortable rooms, conference room;
Enterprises catering with appropriate cuisine, reflecting the culinary specifics of Europe, Asia, the Urals;
Museum of folk arts and crafts (Zlatoust steel engraving, iron casting, stone-cutting art, etc.);
Shops selling souvenir products, including goods with appropriate symbols;
Clock of original designs with time indication in different time zones;
Artesian wells drilled at the border (water from Europe, Asia, from the border);
Car parking;
The tourist information service, which will deal with the reception and accommodation of tourists, the organization of trips to the obelisk, excursions to Zlatoust, in winter - trips to the ski slopes.
To symbolically formalize the border - and to do it in a form worthy of a great border and a great country, for example, the Gateway to the East arch.
Inclusion of the fact of passing the planetary boundary here and its iconic specifics in guidebooks and reference books. Advertising on banners, on the Internet.
We believe that the creation of such a complex is necessary for everyone - tourists, townspeople, schoolchildren, and entrepreneurs, as this will allow:
- create new jobs;
- to increase the income part of the tourism sector in the regional economy:
- will help create an image of the region attractive for tourism and change the perception of our region as the “steel” heart of Russia.
Problems and prospects of tourism development in the South Urals
In the total volume of paid services sold to the population, the share of recreational services, despite their sharp increase, does not even reach 10%, and the share of those employed in this area is less than 1% (0.004%) of those employed in national economy... The main problems of regional tourism:
1) The existing material and technical base of tourism is more than 80% outdated and in need of reconstruction.
2) On the territory of the region, recreational institutions, including a sanatorium and resort, are located extremely unevenly. All this contributes to significant degradation of nature.
3) There are unrealized opportunities for domestic tourism resources, which are estimated by experts at $ 50 million per year. New tourist complexes will create an additional 120,000 jobs, and this requires conditions that stimulate the flow of honest investment into the industry.
Meanwhile, the Chelyabinsk region has all the necessary prerequisites for the further development of already established and the formation of new recreational areas. This requires:
1. To attract young specialists to work (they often have many ideas that are worth implementing), create a progressive system of tourism education, improve the qualifications of the personnel of tourism firms and enterprises of the tourism industry.
2. To attract both Russian and foreign investors, and this requires advertising tourist complexes, recreation centers, etc.
3. Ensure the safety of recreation and health improvement of the population.
4. Travel companies need to create new, more interesting and accessible routes and complexes for all categories of citizens.
5. Improve the regulatory framework for tourism at the regional and municipal levels.
6. Development of a tourism information support system using the Internet and international networks for automated booking of tourist services.
Attachment 1
1. Do you prefer to rest in the Chelyabinsk region? Well no
2. What places in the Chelyabinsk region did you visit during your vacation?
4. What type of tourism in the Chelyabinsk region would interest you:
a) cultural and educational (architectural monuments, acquaintance with the cities of the region and their sights, etc.);
b) commercial (hunting, fishing);
c) ecological (visiting national parks);
d) wellness (sanatoriums, summer camps);
e) adventure (river rafting, mountaineering, horseback riding);
f) sports (ski centers, cycling routes)?
5. What time of the year do you prefer to rest?
6. Have you visited the Provincia shopping center in the Slyudorudnik settlement)? If so, in what way - in an organized manner, for example with a class, or individually, for example, with parents, relatives.
7. Have you visited the Egoza ski center? If so, in what way - in an organized manner, for example with a class, or individually, for example, with parents, relatives.
Thus, based on the collected and analyzed materials, the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. The Chelyabinsk region has various recreational resources: orographic, hydrological, bioclimatic.
2. Practically all types of modern tourism are represented in the region: health, sports, adventure, fishing, festival, business.
3. Travel companies began to cooperate more intensively with local resorts, sanatoriums, houses and recreation centers. Inexpensive is in special demand family holiday at local bases, water tourism - rafting on the rivers Yuryuzan, Ai, Ural, Ufa, B. Satka, Berezyak, horse trails, tourist camps, hiking along mountain trails.
4. The most visited lake residents is the sports and tourist complex "Province" in the village. A maker that is dynamically developing and offers a variety of services for every taste and budget.
5. In addition to the "Golden Cluster of the South Urals", we propose the "Ural-Europe-Asia" project, which will perpetuate the planetary border between the parts of the world and attract tourists to this object.
6. The tourism industry of the Chelyabinsk region is developing, but it has a number of serious problems that need to be addressed at the federal and municipal levels.
Bibliographic reference
Akhremenko I.I. DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST AND RECREATION ACTIVITIES IN THE SOUTH URAL // International School Scientific Bulletin. - 2017. - No. 2. - P. 123-130;URL: http://school-herald.ru/ru/article/view?id\u003d197 (date accessed: 06/08/2019).
